Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-147-159
Z. I. Lavrentieva, Olesya A. Lavrentieva
{"title":"The model of training tutors to ensure the personalization of undergraduates' training","authors":"Z. I. Lavrentieva, Olesya A. Lavrentieva","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-147-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-147-159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"31 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133170797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-15-23
O. Koryakovtseva, Tatyana V. Bugaychuk
The article presents an integrative approach to the study of the process of formation of civil identity, where civil identity is understood as a conscious process of a person's identity with a certain civil society in a specific socio-cultural context, acceptance of the values of this society, as well as an active positive influence on its development. The authors of the article took the concept of integration as a synthesis of social sciences as a basis for studying the integrative approach and applied it to the concept of civic identity. After conducting a detailed analysis of encyclopedic publications, they came to the conclusion that an integrative approach to the formation of civic identity as a political concept consists in understanding this process as an integrative phenomenon, and at the same time, taking into account the integrative foundations of its formation. The authors of the article consider personality as an integrative phenomenon, which, integrating into civil society, becomes a part of it, influencing its formation and development. At the same time, the personality and its civic consciousness develop in the context of sociocultural transformation, where sociocultural transformation is an integrative environment for the development of civic identity of the modern young generation. The authors come to the conclusion that it is more effective to form civic identity with the help of social technologies of unification and on the basis of transdisciplinarity (according to Piaget), through the construction of integrative structures for the formation of civic identity with the involvement of research results in the fields of political science, sociology, philosophy, psychology, pedagogical practice and methodology.
{"title":"Study of the formation of civil identity of the young generation of russians: an integrative approach","authors":"O. Koryakovtseva, Tatyana V. Bugaychuk","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-15-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-15-23","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an integrative approach to the study of the process of formation of civil identity, where civil identity is understood as a conscious process of a person's identity with a certain civil society in a specific socio-cultural context, acceptance of the values of this society, as well as an active positive influence on its development. The authors of the article took the concept of integration as a synthesis of social sciences as a basis for studying the integrative approach and applied it to the concept of civic identity. After conducting a detailed analysis of encyclopedic publications, they came to the conclusion that an integrative approach to the formation of civic identity as a political concept consists in understanding this process as an integrative phenomenon, and at the same time, taking into account the integrative foundations of its formation. The authors of the article consider personality as an integrative phenomenon, which, integrating into civil society, becomes a part of it, influencing its formation and development. At the same time, the personality and its civic consciousness develop in the context of sociocultural transformation, where sociocultural transformation is an integrative environment for the development of civic identity of the modern young generation. The authors come to the conclusion that it is more effective to form civic identity with the help of social technologies of unification and on the basis of transdisciplinarity (according to Piaget), through the construction of integrative structures for the formation of civic identity with the involvement of research results in the fields of political science, sociology, philosophy, psychology, pedagogical practice and methodology.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134644747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2021-2-11-120-132
O. Baranova, N. Zhukova
In modern socio-cultural conditions, the problem of vocational guidance is very relevant. This is especially true for institutions of additional education. The concept for the development of additional education for children considers the development of the sphere of non-formal and additional education as the basis for professional selfdetermination, orientation and motivation of adolescents and youth to participate in innovative activities in the field of high technologies and industrial production. The transition from a post-industrial economy to a digital one, the accelerating transformation of labor markets and employment structures determine the demand for new content of additional education. It should be aimed at developing demanded modern competencies, building a new system of professional and personal selfdetermination of students. The article touches upon such issues as the interpretation of the concept of "vocational guidance", the history of the formation of vocational guidance work, outlined modern approaches to the organization of vocational guidance in the institution of additional education. The educational resources of the Center for technical creativity of the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region, are described, the purpose of the creation and implementation of which is the formation of softskills ("soft skills") and self-determination of students. The article also discusses such an area of activity as professional networking. The issues of work with social partners of an educational organization, implementation of a practice-oriented approach in education were touched upon. This article analyzes the results of a questionnaire survey of students of the Center for technical creativity in the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region and their parents, concerning the motivation of children to engage in additional education. 450 respondents took part in the survey. Conclusions are made about the relevance and necessity of career guidance activities in the institution of additional education.
{"title":"Professional orientation of students in the Center of additional education","authors":"O. Baranova, N. Zhukova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-2-11-120-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-2-11-120-132","url":null,"abstract":"In modern socio-cultural conditions, the problem of vocational guidance is very relevant. This is especially true for institutions of additional education. The concept for the development of additional education for children considers the development of the sphere of non-formal and additional education as the basis for professional selfdetermination, orientation and motivation of adolescents and youth to participate in innovative activities in the field of high technologies and industrial production. The transition from a post-industrial economy to a digital one, the accelerating transformation of labor markets and employment structures determine the demand for new content of additional education. It should be aimed at developing demanded modern competencies, building a new system of professional and personal selfdetermination of students. The article touches upon such issues as the interpretation of the concept of \"vocational guidance\", the history of the formation of vocational guidance work, outlined modern approaches to the organization of vocational guidance in the institution of additional education. The educational resources of the Center for technical creativity of the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region, are described, the purpose of the creation and implementation of which is the formation of softskills (\"soft skills\") and self-determination of students. The article also discusses such an area of activity as professional networking. The issues of work with social partners of an educational organization, implementation of a practice-oriented approach in education were touched upon. This article analyzes the results of a questionnaire survey of students of the Center for technical creativity in the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region and their parents, concerning the motivation of children to engage in additional education. 450 respondents took part in the survey. Conclusions are made about the relevance and necessity of career guidance activities in the institution of additional education.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131002681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-116-129
S. Ogorodnikova
The article reflects the problems of regionalization of school history education. At the beginning of the article, the relevance of this topic in modern Russian society is indicated, examples of successful practices in the educational space of individual subjects of the Russian Federation are given. Attention is drawn to the fact that there are problem areas in the implementation of regional history. The methodological foundations of the updated Concept of teaching the training course “History of Russia” in educational institutions of the Russian Federation that implement the main general educational programs: a multilevel presentation of history, a multifactorial nature of history, historical-anthropological and historical-cultural approaches are identified and characterized. The concept of “region” is presented in different scales of the historical space. The characteristics of the concept of glocalization are given. It is indicated what the new content of the local history implies. In the main part of the article the resources available in the region are characterized, with the help of which it is possible to solve this problem, the perspectives in the context of this topic are determined. Particular attention is paid to the review of regional educational and scientific publications on the history of the Kirov region, since 2005. In conclusion, it is concluded that the experience of teaching regional history has been accumulated in pedagogical theory and practice. At the same time, the problem requiring special attention is its educational and methodological support. For the Kirov region, despite a significant number of textbooks and scientific publications that meet the requirements of the updated Concept of teaching russian history, the most pressing problem is the lack of a regional textbook. At the same time, there are sufficient resources with the help of which it is possible to solve this problem, including the activities of the Research Center for regional studies at the regional scientific Library. A. I. Herzen.
{"title":"The potential of studying regional history in the socialization of youth (on the example of the Kirov region)","authors":"S. Ogorodnikova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-116-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-116-129","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects the problems of regionalization of school history education. At the beginning of the article, the relevance of this topic in modern Russian society is indicated, examples of successful practices in the educational space of individual subjects of the Russian Federation are given. Attention is drawn to the fact that there are problem areas in the implementation of regional history. The methodological foundations of the updated Concept of teaching the training course “History of Russia” in educational institutions of the Russian Federation that implement the main general educational programs: a multilevel presentation of history, a multifactorial nature of history, historical-anthropological and historical-cultural approaches are identified and characterized. The concept of “region” is presented in different scales of the historical space. The characteristics of the concept of glocalization are given. It is indicated what the new content of the local history implies. In the main part of the article the resources available in the region are characterized, with the help of which it is possible to solve this problem, the perspectives in the context of this topic are determined. Particular attention is paid to the review of regional educational and scientific publications on the history of the Kirov region, since 2005. In conclusion, it is concluded that the experience of teaching regional history has been accumulated in pedagogical theory and practice. At the same time, the problem requiring special attention is its educational and methodological support. For the Kirov region, despite a significant number of textbooks and scientific publications that meet the requirements of the updated Concept of teaching russian history, the most pressing problem is the lack of a regional textbook. At the same time, there are sufficient resources with the help of which it is possible to solve this problem, including the activities of the Research Center for regional studies at the regional scientific Library. A. I. Herzen.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133378583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-72-87
S. Zhura, Alena A. Badanina
The role of construction in the development of the economic system of the state, regardless of the level of development, population and other characteristics, can hardly be overestimated. Construction is one of the most important sectors of the economy, since no industry can function without new and reconstruction of existing facilities. The terminological analysis of the concept of “construction industry” has shown that domestic and foreign authors characterize this industry as an independent one, which is associated with the commissioning of new production and non-production facilities, which includes capital and current repairs of buildings and structures, as well as their reconstruction and restoration. An urgent problem for the population of Russia is the availability of housing. By Order No. 161-r of January 27, 2021, the Government approved the list of objects that should be financed under the federal Housing project of the state program “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and communal services to Citizens of the Russian Federation”. However, it should be noted that neither new programs to increase housing affordability, nor an increase in the pace of construction can fully solve the problem of housing shortage. In 2020, 1121.6 thousand new apartments with a total area of 82,2 million m2 were built in Russia at the expense of all sources of financing, which amounted to 100,2 % by 2019. In the North-Western Federal District of the Arkhangelsk region (without auth.) in 2020, it took the 5th place in terms of the total area of residential premises (351,8 thousand m2), which is 109,2 % by 2019. For the further development of the construction industry in the Arkhangelsk region due to the possible increase in the volume of construction of residential buildings, as well as due to the transition of construction companies to escrow accounts, it is necessary to reduce the cost of housing. The likely expectations from the introduction of escrow accounts are the impact on the volume of supply and the reduction of risks for buyers by transferring these risks to developers and banks.
{"title":"Peculiarities of the construction industry in the Arkhangelsk region","authors":"S. Zhura, Alena A. Badanina","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-72-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-3-12-72-87","url":null,"abstract":"The role of construction in the development of the economic system of the state, regardless of the level of development, population and other characteristics, can hardly be overestimated. Construction is one of the most important sectors of the economy, since no industry can function without new and reconstruction of existing facilities. The terminological analysis of the concept of “construction industry” has shown that domestic and foreign authors characterize this industry as an independent one, which is associated with the commissioning of new production and non-production facilities, which includes capital and current repairs of buildings and structures, as well as their reconstruction and restoration. An urgent problem for the population of Russia is the availability of housing. By Order No. 161-r of January 27, 2021, the Government approved the list of objects that should be financed under the federal Housing project of the state program “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and communal services to Citizens of the Russian Federation”. However, it should be noted that neither new programs to increase housing affordability, nor an increase in the pace of construction can fully solve the problem of housing shortage. In 2020, 1121.6 thousand new apartments with a total area of 82,2 million m2 were built in Russia at the expense of all sources of financing, which amounted to 100,2 % by 2019. In the North-Western Federal District of the Arkhangelsk region (without auth.) in 2020, it took the 5th place in terms of the total area of residential premises (351,8 thousand m2), which is 109,2 % by 2019. For the further development of the construction industry in the Arkhangelsk region due to the possible increase in the volume of construction of residential buildings, as well as due to the transition of construction companies to escrow accounts, it is necessary to reduce the cost of housing. The likely expectations from the introduction of escrow accounts are the impact on the volume of supply and the reduction of risks for buyers by transferring these risks to developers and banks.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131249890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2021-4-13-97-109
E. Patrusheva, A. V. Raykhlina
The article discusses the role of regional marketing, which is in demand in modern conditions, in ensuring the economic development of a territory and strengthening its competitive positions in the domestic and foreign markets. It is emphasized that domestic research in this area is extremely insufficient. They do not have a common understanding of the essence of regional marketing, they reflect its scattered, separate provisions. The practice of organizing regional marketing in terms of creating certain management structures and endowing them with certain functions is significantly different. Each constituent entity of the Russian Federation, in the absence of general guidelines, regulations, provisions, instructions, builds its own experience or uses the positive practices of other regions. In this regard, the task of substantive and methodological support of the activities of regional structures carrying out regional marketing has been updated. On the basis of a critical discussion of the interpretations of regional marketing and its content, various researchers proposed its author's definition from the point of view of the goaluniting the interests of the territory and its inhabitants. The main components of regional marketing are the formation of a favorable image of the region and increasing its territorial and investment attractiveness, as well as the promotion of investment projects and products and services created in the region. The main directions, the specifics of the “4P” content are highlighted and the tasks of regional marketing are formulated. The process of solving these problems is discussed on the example of the Corporation for the Development of the Yaroslavl Region. Close attention is paid to one of them – the promotion of investment projects, in which three areas are highlighted: expanding the range of projects; promotion of the region as a promising territory for the implementation of these projects; development of the sphere of PPP projects. The necessary organizational efforts to improve the performance of tasks in these areas are disclosed. The use of the results obtained by regional authorities will help to systematize, methodically fill and improve activities in the area under discussion.
{"title":"Modern marketing of the region: goals, tools, organization","authors":"E. Patrusheva, A. V. Raykhlina","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2021-4-13-97-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2021-4-13-97-109","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the role of regional marketing, which is in demand in modern conditions, in ensuring the economic development of a territory and strengthening its competitive positions in the domestic and foreign markets. It is emphasized that domestic research in this area is extremely insufficient. They do not have a common understanding of the essence of regional marketing, they reflect its scattered, separate provisions. The practice of organizing regional marketing in terms of creating certain management structures and endowing them with certain functions is significantly different. Each constituent entity of the Russian Federation, in the absence of general guidelines, regulations, provisions, instructions, builds its own experience or uses the positive practices of other regions. In this regard, the task of substantive and methodological support of the activities of regional structures carrying out regional marketing has been updated. On the basis of a critical discussion of the interpretations of regional marketing and its content, various researchers proposed its author's definition from the point of view of the goaluniting the interests of the territory and its inhabitants. The main components of regional marketing are the formation of a favorable image of the region and increasing its territorial and investment attractiveness, as well as the promotion of investment projects and products and services created in the region. The main directions, the specifics of the “4P” content are highlighted and the tasks of regional marketing are formulated. The process of solving these problems is discussed on the example of the Corporation for the Development of the Yaroslavl Region. Close attention is paid to one of them – the promotion of investment projects, in which three areas are highlighted: expanding the range of projects; promotion of the region as a promising territory for the implementation of these projects; development of the sphere of PPP projects. The necessary organizational efforts to improve the performance of tasks in these areas are disclosed. The use of the results obtained by regional authorities will help to systematize, methodically fill and improve activities in the area under discussion.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134009574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-19-38
T. Naumova
The article considers some areas of reform of academic science, namely a radical change in the existing form of academic scientific activity, the restructuring of domestic science according to Western models, in addition, some attention is paid to such a direction of reform as reduction in the number of research institutes and scientists working there. In this regard, on the basis of the analysis of important components of science, it is shown that academic science is now the most effective sector of science, the basis of the country's scientific potential. As for the policy of the state aimed at optimizing scientific activity, in other words, restructuring science, it negatively affects its development. The article gives an assessment of the reform results, it turns out its impact on the state of Russian science. In this regard, the level of Russian research in certain fields of science is assessed, the place of modern domestic science in world science is being investigated. The main focus is on the question of in which scientific fields Russian research is at the level of development of world science or ahead of it, and where – to one degree or another lag behind it. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of measures to accelerate the development of fundamental science in our country. In this regard, the problems of increasing research funding, eliminating state interference in the process of self-organization of the academic scientific community, modernizing the infrastructure of academic science, ensuring the worthy position of the scientific elite, especially young scientists, whom the future of Russian science in the third millennium largely depends on, are analyzed.
{"title":"Socio-political aspects of reforming russian academic science","authors":"T. Naumova","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-19-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-2-15-19-38","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers some areas of reform of academic science, namely a radical change in the existing form of academic scientific activity, the restructuring of domestic science according to Western models, in addition, some attention is paid to such a direction of reform as reduction in the number of research institutes and scientists working there. In this regard, on the basis of the analysis of important components of science, it is shown that academic science is now the most effective sector of science, the basis of the country's scientific potential. As for the policy of the state aimed at optimizing scientific activity, in other words, restructuring science, it negatively affects its development. The article gives an assessment of the reform results, it turns out its impact on the state of Russian science. In this regard, the level of Russian research in certain fields of science is assessed, the place of modern domestic science in world science is being investigated. The main focus is on the question of in which scientific fields Russian research is at the level of development of world science or ahead of it, and where – to one degree or another lag behind it. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of measures to accelerate the development of fundamental science in our country. In this regard, the problems of increasing research funding, eliminating state interference in the process of self-organization of the academic scientific community, modernizing the infrastructure of academic science, ensuring the worthy position of the scientific elite, especially young scientists, whom the future of Russian science in the third millennium largely depends on, are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114315704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-126-146
A. Zolotareva
{"title":"Personnel support of the sphere of additional (extracurricular) education in the post-soviet space at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries","authors":"A. Zolotareva","doi":"10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-126-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20323/2658-428x-2022-4-17-126-146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373836,"journal":{"name":"Social And Political Researches","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122350325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2022-1-14-141-155
E. V. Zautorova, F. I. Kevlya
The concept of lifelong education in modern Russia is focused on significant expansion of the entire educational space, where the issues of self-education and self-development of the individual are paramount. The problem of developing the skills of student’s self-education in departmental organizations of higher education for the formation of a stable highly professional staff of the penal system is especially urgent, since self-education allows them to ensure the conscious development of professionally important personality traits. The aim of the study was to study the level of need for self-education among future employees in a departmental university. The tasks of the experimental work is diagnostics of the process of self-education of students and the study of ways and means of organizing the process of self-education in a departmental university. The study was based on the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education “Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia”. The study involved 10, 3-year students of the Faculty of Psychology; was used the questionnaire “The need for self-education” (by S. V. Yudakova), consisting of three parts: 1) it allows you to identify the ability of students to develop; 2) is aimed at identifying factors that stimulate and hinder the self-education of the subjects; 3) allows to identify the degree of proficiency in the skills of independent work by future specialists. The results of the survey revealed the following: 20 % of students scored more than 55 points and have a high desire and motivation for self-education. Most of the subjects – 50 % – scored from 36 to 54 points and showed an average level of desire for self-education. Three respondents – 30 % of students have a low level of development of the need for self-education. Thus, the results obtained made it possible to reveal that future employees of the penitentiary system have, predominantly, an average and low level of development of the need for self-education. Consequently, it is expedient to work on organizing the process of developing the need for self-development and self-education skills of students in a departmental educational organization of higher education.
现代俄罗斯的终身教育理念着眼于整个教育空间的显著扩展，其中个人的自我教育和自我发展问题是至关重要的。在高等教育部门组织中培养学生的自我教育技能，以形成一支稳定的高度专业化的刑事系统员工队伍，这一问题尤为迫切，因为自我教育使他们能够确保有意识地发展专业重要的人格特征。本研究的目的是研究某系大学未来雇员自我教育的需要程度。本实验工作的任务是对学生自我教育的过程进行诊断，并对组织部门型大学学生自我教育的方式和手段进行研究。这项研究是根据联邦国立高等教育机构“俄罗斯联邦监狱服务局沃洛格达法律和经济研究所”进行的。这项研究的对象是心理学院的10名3年级学生;使用了问卷“自我教育的需要”(S. V. Yudakova)，由三个部分组成:1)它可以让你确定学生的发展能力;2)旨在识别激发和阻碍受试者自我教育的因素;3)可以确定未来的专家对独立工作技能的熟练程度。调查结果显示:20%的学生得分在55分以上，对自我教育有很高的愿望和动力。大多数受试者(50%)的得分在36到54分之间，表现出平均水平的自我教育意愿。三受访者——30%的学生有低发展水平的自我教育需求。因此，所获得的结果有可能揭示，未来的监狱系统的雇员，主要是一个平均和低水平的发展，需要自我教育。因此，在高等教育的院系教育组织中组织培养学生自我发展和自我教育技能的过程是有利的。
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20323/2658-428x-2021-4-13-50-60
D. Seltser
The article analyzes two processes that were simultaneously going on in the CPSU in the summer of 1991. First, we are talking about the transition of the leading party nomenklatura to economic, mainly Soviet, work. The leaders of the regional and local levels did not see any prospects in party work. Second, the dramatic abandonment of the party by rank-and-file communists is considered, which followed two lines – through a declaration of withdrawal and through the loss of connection with the organization. Both processes are collectively determined by the author as a “party outcome”. The personnel policy of the CPSU throughout the years of the existence of the USSR was the basis of stability and a guarantee of the existence of the party-state. It was, in fact, existential in meaning. By controlling the nomenclature through personnel policy, the CPSU retained itself in the status of a state. In a short period of history, the destruction of personnel policy took place. From a mechanism for containing destructive and uncontrollable dangers of the party, it has become its antipode – a mechanism that destroys the Soviet state, its antithesis - its own opposite. The personnel policy of the CPSU has traditionally been based on the constant reproduction of the party state (institutions of power), the nomenklatura system (recruiting mechanisms) and the administrative-political elite (the nomenklatura itself). The regulation of the number, the balance of the party hierarchy and the ladder career movement – these are the basic, fundamental principles of the personnel policy of the CPSU in 1985-1991. have undergone a significant correction. In the realities of 1991, they rapidly degraded and collapsed, which led in the summer of 1991 to a “party exodus”. The main components of the “party outcome” were the withdrawal from the party of ordinary communists, including those with more than 20 years of experience, the transition of the party nomenclature to leading economic and Soviet work, the coming to replace the cadre party nomenclature of representatives of the lower echelons of the party apparatus.
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