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2019 34th Symposium on Microelectronics Technology and Devices (SBMicro)最新文献

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High-Efficiency GaAs Solar Cell Optimization by Theoretical Simulation 高效砷化镓太阳能电池的理论模拟优化
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919411
Fernando D. Silva, D. Micha
Theoretical simulations of solar cell current-voltage characteristics provide important information for a better design of the device structure, such as layers thicknesses and doping levels, in order to obtain high photovoltaic conversion efficiency. The inclusion of precise material parameters is critical to obtain reliable results and detailed understanding of the simulated device operation. In this study, GaAs solar cell structures were simulated by drift-diffusion model with SCAPS-1D in order to optimize the performance under 1 sun illumination. Moreover, we used the published results of some devices as references to infer their structures, as the details are normally not completely disclosed by the authors. To do so, an optimization study was required to probe different materials, thicknesses and doping levels for the layers. With the inferred structure, it was possible to evaluate the possibility of improvements through variation of the structure parameters to achieve even higher efficiencies.
太阳能电池电流电压特性的理论模拟为更好地设计器件结构(如层厚度和掺杂水平)提供了重要信息,以获得较高的光伏转换效率。包含精确的材料参数对于获得可靠的结果和对模拟设备操作的详细理解至关重要。本研究利用SCAPS-1D软件对砷化镓太阳能电池结构进行了漂移-扩散模型模拟,以优化其在1个太阳光照下的性能。此外,由于一些器件的细节通常不会被作者完全披露,我们使用了一些已发表的结果作为参考来推断它们的结构。为此,需要进行优化研究,以探测不同的材料、厚度和掺杂水平。根据推断的结构,可以通过改变结构参数来评估改进的可能性,从而实现更高的效率。
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引用次数: 1
Integrate and Fire Neuron Implementation using CMOS Predictive Technology Model for 32nm 32纳米CMOS预测技术模型集成和激活神经元实现
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919380
Gabriel Maranhão, J. G. Guimarães
The propose of this work is to evolve the studies on neuromorphic circuits by simulating transistors models that look the most with the ones used in commercial process. Since most of data about company models contain a restricted access, some universities provide predictions models to reproduce the real ones. In this paper we present a silicon analog integrate and fire neuron (I&F), proposed by G. Indiveri as a part of a neuromorphic device. Using 32nm CMOS technology simulated in LTspice with BSIM4v4 and applying predictive parameters provides by Predictive Technology Model (PTM), we were able to reduce the source power, to 0.9V, and chip size of the latest design which was implemented using a 180nm CMOS process at 1.8 power supply.
本工作的建议是通过模拟与商业过程中使用的最相似的晶体管模型来发展神经形态电路的研究。由于大多数关于公司模型的数据都有访问限制,一些大学提供预测模型来复制真实模型。在本文中,我们提出了一个硅模拟集成和火神经元(I&F),由G. Indiveri作为神经形态装置的一部分。利用LTspice和BSIM4v4中模拟的32nm CMOS技术,并应用预测技术模型(PTM)提供的预测参数,我们能够将源功率降低到0.9V,并且采用1.8电源的180nm CMOS工艺实现了最新设计的芯片尺寸。
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引用次数: 1
ZnO Nanowires Growth from Thin Zinc Films for Field Emission Purposes 场发射用锌薄膜生长ZnO纳米线
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919388
M. Dantas, Denise C. Souza, Alejandro A. Zúñiga-Páez, Wellington A. A. Silva, E. Galeazzo, H. Peres, M. M. Kopelvski
Zinc oxide (ZnO) has attracted considerable interest for a wide range of applications, including its use as an active layer in gas sensor devices and as promising emitters for field emission devices. This paper explores ZnO nanowires growth through thermal oxidation of zinc thin films deposited over glass substrates. We applied this low-complexity IC-compatible procedure for fabricating field emission cathodes. Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy show that the processes applied succeeded in obtaining nanoscale structures of ZnO with dimensions up to 4 micrometers in length and 30-100 nanometers in diameter. This study also investigated field emission characteristics of these ZnO nanowires. Electrical characterization showed an intense electron field emission with good uniformity of the emitted current on the active area of the device, with a low turn-on electric field (2.4 volts/micrometer). These results demonstrate that the low-complex fabrication procedures adopted as well as the ZnO nanomaterial itself are suitable for FE devices development.
氧化锌(ZnO)的广泛应用引起了人们的极大兴趣,包括作为气体传感器器件的有源层和作为场发射器件的有前途的发射器。本文探讨了通过热氧化沉积在玻璃衬底上的锌薄膜生长ZnO纳米线的方法。我们将这种低复杂度的集成电路兼容工艺应用于制造场发射阴极。拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜显示,所采用的工艺成功地获得了长度达4微米,直径达30-100纳米的ZnO纳米级结构。本研究还研究了这些ZnO纳米线的场发射特性。电学表征表明,器件有源区域的电子场发射强度强,发射电流均匀性好,导通电场低(2.4伏/微米)。这些结果表明,所采用的低复杂度制造工艺以及ZnO纳米材料本身适合于FE器件的开发。
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引用次数: 1
Junctionless-FET device fabrication using silicon etching in NH4OH solution: device behaviour according to etching time 用硅蚀刻在NH4OH溶液中制造无结场效应晶体管器件:器件性能随蚀刻时间的变化
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919301
L. Stucchi-Zucchi, Audrey R. Silva, J. A. Diniz
Junctionless-Field-Effect-Transistor (JL-FET) devices were fabricated with Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology. The device channel area was thinned down to nanometer-scale by silicon etching in a solution of NH4 OH with the area to be exposed define using optical lithography and silicon oxide etching in HF buffer solution. The hardmask was stripped and dopant diffusion on a Phosphorus saturated furnace was carried out to achieve the dopant concentration necessary. The gate oxide was silicon oxide grown thermally in a dry environment. The electrical contacts were fabricated using optical lithography, silicon oxide etching in HF solution, aluminum sputtering and lift-off. The electrical contacts were annealed in forming gas (H2 + N2) for 10 minutes. Gate metal was titanium nitride deposited using sputtering and defined using optical lithography and lift-off. A layer of aluminum was deposited with the titanium nitride to protect it against oxidation. Some advantages were observed on this updated process. The outlines of the etched area are observable with optical microscopy in a dark field filter, making process confirmation easy. The same outlines are exposed for the majority of fabrication time, making atomic force microscopy (AFM) possible. Also, pseudo-MOS measurements are possible even before the gate metallization, which gives insight on the fabrication process and quality. The measurements on devices fully fabricated showed increasing control of the gate bias on the drain current, which is in agreement to JL-FET predictions, although these behave a gated resistor due to their negative threshold voltage. This happens because the $mathrm{V}_{OH}$ is high even for low a $mathrm{V}_{GS}$, making the $mathrm{V}_{DS}$ needed to achieve saturation mode unmanageable. The electrical contacts were ohmic in nature and showed that the dopant diffusion process is compatible with JL-FET fabrication. Overall, these devices show that the JL-FET, and other nanometer-scaled structures, are possible to achieve using the channel thinning in NH4 OH solution silicon etching.
采用绝缘体上硅(SOI)技术制备了无结场效应晶体管(JL-FET)器件。通过在NH4 OH溶液中硅蚀刻将器件的通道面积减薄到纳米级,并通过光学光刻和在HF缓冲溶液中氧化硅蚀刻确定曝光面积。剥离硬掩膜,在饱和磷炉上进行掺杂扩散,以达到所需的掺杂浓度。栅极氧化物是在干燥环境中热生长的氧化硅。采用光学光刻、HF溶液氧化硅蚀刻、铝溅射和升空法制备电触点。电触点在形成气体(H2 + N2)中退火10分钟。栅极金属为氮化钛,采用溅射法沉积,并采用光刻和提升法确定。在氮化钛上沉积了一层铝以防止其氧化。改进后的工艺有一些优点。用光学显微镜在暗场滤光片中观察到蚀刻区域的轮廓,使工艺确认容易。相同的轮廓暴露在大部分制造时间,使原子力显微镜(AFM)成为可能。此外,甚至在栅极金属化之前就可以进行伪mos测量,这可以深入了解制造工艺和质量。对完全制造的器件的测量显示出对漏极电流的栅极偏置的控制增加,这与JL-FET的预测一致,尽管由于其负阈值电压,这些器件表现为门控电阻。这是因为$mathrm{V}_{OH}$即使对于低的$mathrm{V}_{GS}$也是高的,使得实现饱和模式所需的$mathrm{V}_{DS}$无法管理。电接触是欧姆性质的,表明掺杂扩散过程与JL-FET制造是相容的。总的来说,这些器件表明JL-FET和其他纳米级结构可以在NH4 OH溶液硅蚀刻中使用沟道变薄来实现。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Surface Recombination Velocity by Means of Computational Simulations and I×V Curves 用计算模拟和I×V曲线评价表面复合速度
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919450
Marcelo D. de Lima, T. Borrely, A. Quivy
We estimated the reduction of surface recombination velocity (SRV) resulting from the deposition of an $Al_{0.28}Ga_{0.72}As$ window layer (WL) on top of a GaAs Solar cell (SC) only by analyzing, simulating and comparing $mathrm{I}times mathrm{V}$ curves. Two samples were analyzed, where the only difference between them was the presence of the WL. We separately calculated the optical changes caused by the introduction of the $Al_{0.28}Ga_{0.72}As$ and then we estimated how much of the performance enhancement was due to the optical changes and how much was due to the SRV variation. Our estimation indicated one order of magnitude reduction in SRV (from 1 $times$ 107 cm/s to 1 $times 10^{6}$ cm/s).
本文仅通过分析、模拟和比较$ mathm {I}次 mathm {V}$曲线,就估算了在GaAs太阳能电池(SC)表面沉积$Al_{0.28}Ga_{0.72}As$窗口层(WL)对表面复合速度(SRV)的降低。对两个样本进行了分析,它们之间唯一的区别是WL的存在。我们分别计算了引入$Al_{0.28}Ga_{0.72}As$引起的光学变化,然后我们估计了多少性能增强是由于光学变化引起的,多少是由于SRV变化引起的。我们的估计表明SRV降低了一个数量级(从1 $乘以$ 107 cm/s到1 $乘以10^{6}$ cm/s)。
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引用次数: 0
SBMicro 2019 Committees
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/sbmicro.2019.8919395
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引用次数: 0
Packaging Development of an Implantable Intracranial Pressure Catheter 植入式颅内压导管的包装研制
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919369
Jeferson C. Rosario, Celso Peter, J. Inácio, M. Much, H. Boudinov, Willyan Hasenkamp Carreira
Recent studies have demonstrated the intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an important tool for cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) calculation and cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment, reducing significantly the mortality statistics. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), several others pathologies and neurosurgery conditions have been using the ICP monitoring technique. With the waves of the microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) industry evolution, it was possible to put the transducer and all the electronics inside the catheter tip, allowing a less invasive monitoring and decreasing the risk of infection. The state of art catheters with micro transducer on the tip can be divided into three groups: strain-gauge, optical fiber and pneumatic. Each group has its own characteristics, however the strain-gauge based has been demonstrated to be a robust solution, reliable, cost effective and with sufficient accuracy. In the present work, it was developed a strain-gauge micro transducer implantable catheter for intracranial pressure monitoring. The packaging processes adopted were the standard used by the semiconductor industry, however considering application special requirements, several process parameters and assemblage was adapted to the geometry and materials used (i.e. biocompatible) as well as, taking in consideration low volume production of medical devices. The prototypes assembled showed variations on the zero drift test. The temperature drift was 0,63 and 0,89 cmH2O/°C and the accuracy, ±1 cmH2O.
近年来的研究表明,颅内压(ICP)监测是计算脑灌注压(CPP)和评估脑血流量(CBF)的重要工具,可显著降低死亡率统计。外伤性脑损伤(TBI),其他几种病理和神经外科条件已使用ICP监测技术。随着微电子和微机电系统(MEMS)行业的发展,可以将换能器和所有电子设备放入导管尖端,从而减少侵入性监测并降低感染风险。尖端装有微型传感器的导管可分为应变式、光纤式和气动式三大类。每一组都有自己的特点,但基于应变计已被证明是一个强大的解决方案,可靠,具有成本效益和足够的精度。本文研制了一种用于颅内压力监测的应变式微传感器植入式导管。所采用的封装工艺是半导体行业使用的标准,但考虑到应用的特殊要求,几个工艺参数和组装适应了所使用的几何形状和材料(即生物相容性),并考虑到医疗设备的小批量生产。组装的原型显示了零漂移测试的变化。温度漂移分别为0.63和0.89 cmH2O/°C,精度为±1 cmH2O。
{"title":"Packaging Development of an Implantable Intracranial Pressure Catheter","authors":"Jeferson C. Rosario, Celso Peter, J. Inácio, M. Much, H. Boudinov, Willyan Hasenkamp Carreira","doi":"10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919369","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated the intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an important tool for cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) calculation and cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessment, reducing significantly the mortality statistics. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), several others pathologies and neurosurgery conditions have been using the ICP monitoring technique. With the waves of the microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) industry evolution, it was possible to put the transducer and all the electronics inside the catheter tip, allowing a less invasive monitoring and decreasing the risk of infection. The state of art catheters with micro transducer on the tip can be divided into three groups: strain-gauge, optical fiber and pneumatic. Each group has its own characteristics, however the strain-gauge based has been demonstrated to be a robust solution, reliable, cost effective and with sufficient accuracy. In the present work, it was developed a strain-gauge micro transducer implantable catheter for intracranial pressure monitoring. The packaging processes adopted were the standard used by the semiconductor industry, however considering application special requirements, several process parameters and assemblage was adapted to the geometry and materials used (i.e. biocompatible) as well as, taking in consideration low volume production of medical devices. The prototypes assembled showed variations on the zero drift test. The temperature drift was 0,63 and 0,89 cmH2O/°C and the accuracy, ±1 cmH2O.","PeriodicalId":403446,"journal":{"name":"2019 34th Symposium on Microelectronics Technology and Devices (SBMicro)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129318163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
MOS solar cells for indoor LED energy harvesting: influence of the grating geometry and the thickness of the gate dielectrics 用于室内LED能量收集的MOS太阳能电池:光栅几何形状和栅极电介质厚度的影响
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919375
M. Watanabe, W. Chiappim, V. Christiano, S. G. S. Filho
This paper discusses the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) solar cells for energy harvesting from indoor light emitting diode (LED) illumination using Al/SiO2/Si-p structures. Wafers of the Si-p (100) with a resistivity of $10Omega $.cm were used. The gate dielectric was grown by rapid thermal processing (RTP) with thicknesses of 1.65, 1.73, 2.10 and 2.23 nm. The main parameters studied were extracted using electrical characterization through IxV curves of the MOS solar cells with total areas of 3.24 $text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$. At first, it was observed an increase of the dark current density from 0.49 to $4.4mu text{A}/text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$ for the thickness varying from 1.65 to 2.23 nm. It is worthy of note the increase of the generated power from 8.1 to $46.7mu text{W}/text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$ with the rise of the thickness in the range of 1.65 to 2.23 nm for a constant incident power of 5 mW/$text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$. In this case, the lower the thickness, the higher the tunneling current through the gate dielectrics, which causes the decrease of the depletion region length and this decrease, in turn, makes the generation current density lower in the depletion region. Also, the reduction of the short-circuit current (JsC) due to the increase of the widths (W) and spacings (S) of the fishbone-grating geometry was well-correlated with the decrease of the perimeter (Pe) and the rise of the aspect ratio W/S.
本文讨论了利用Al/SiO2/Si-p结构收集室内发光二极管(LED)照明能量的金属氧化物半导体(MOS)太阳能电池。采用电阻率为$10Omega $ .cm的Si-p(100)晶圆。采用快速热处理(RTP)法制备了厚度分别为1.65、1.73、2.10和2.23 nm的栅极电介质。研究的主要参数通过总面积为3.24 $text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$的MOS太阳能电池的IxV曲线进行电特性提取。在1.65 ~ 2.23 nm的厚度范围内,暗电流密度从0.49增加到$4.4mu text{A}/text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$。值得注意的是,在恒定入射功率为5 mW/ $text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$的情况下,随着厚度在1.65 ~ 2.23 nm范围内的增加,产生的功率从8.1增加到$46.7mu text{W}/text{c}mathrm {m}^{2}$。在这种情况下,厚度越低,通过栅介电体的隧穿电流越高,导致耗尽区长度减小,而这种减小反过来又使耗尽区产生电流密度降低。此外,由于鱼骨光栅几何宽度(W)和间距(S)的增加而导致的短路电流(JsC)的减小与周长(Pe)的减小和宽高比W/S的升高密切相关。
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引用次数: 2
Silicon Nanowire Tunnel-FET Differential Amplifier Using Verilog-A Lookup Table Approach 基于Verilog-A查找表方法的硅纳米线隧道场效应管差分放大器
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919270
A. D. M. Nogueira, P. Agopian, J. Martino
Electrical characterization of a silicon nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) is used to construct a lookup table in order to model and simulate analog circuit through Verilog-A approach. The performance of a differential amplifier with current mirror load is evaluated using the TFET lookup table model and the TSMC 130 nm CMOS process design kit. Both circuits are evaluated in two different bias, with the TFET circuit presenting 20 dB higher voltage gain and power consumption of at least three orders of magnitude smaller than CMOS technology. All the simulations were realized with Cadence Spectre software.
利用硅纳米线隧道场效应晶体管(ttfet)的电学特性,构建了一个查找表,以便通过Verilog-A方法对模拟电路进行建模和仿真。采用TSMC 130纳米CMOS工艺设计套件,利用ttfet查找表模型对带电流镜负载的差分放大器性能进行了评估。两种电路都在两种不同的偏置下进行了评估,与CMOS技术相比,TFET电路的电压增益高20 dB,功耗至少小三个数量级。所有的仿真都是在Cadence Spectre软件中实现的。
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引用次数: 4
Cross-linked polyvinyl phenol as dielectric for flexible bottom gate bottom contact transistors 交联聚乙烯酚作为柔性底栅底触点晶体管的介质
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/SBMicro.2019.8919401
Marco R. Cavallari, J. E. E. Izquierdo, D. C. García, V. A. M. Nogueira, J. D. S. Oliveira, L. M. Pastrana, I. Kymissis, F. Fonseca
Polyvinyl phenol with a cross-linker agent was demonstrated as a dielectric film and incorporated to a bottom gate organic transistor structure. Films were shown transparent to visible light, resistant to organic solvents and compatible with plasma etching to open vias. Only cross-linked films, however, withstood lithography in order to pattern bottom contact electrodes on top of the dielectric. Cross-linked films showed a dielectric constant of ca. 5, which is higher than polymethylmethacrylate and silicon oxide. The devices herein have potential to be applied in flexible sensor arrays from organic transistors.
聚乙烯醇与交联剂被证明是一个介电膜,并结合到一个底栅有机晶体管结构。薄膜对可见光透明,耐有机溶剂,并与等离子体蚀刻相容以打开过孔。然而,只有交联薄膜经受住了光刻,以便在电介质的顶部形成底部接触电极的图案。交联膜的介电常数约为5,高于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和氧化硅。该器件具有应用于有机晶体管柔性传感器阵列的潜力。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2019 34th Symposium on Microelectronics Technology and Devices (SBMicro)
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