U znanosti i nastavi humanističke orijentacije sve je vidljivija favorizacija kvantifikacije, mjerljivosti, birokratizirane organizacije sadržaja i neopozitivizma, neo u smislu statističke obradivosti podataka, čime se evidentno prati logika računalne prezentacije informacija (umjesto znanja), a preko toga kapitalističko discipliniranje i nadziranje Gorzovog „nematerijalnog rada“. Internetom, filozofijom mreže, hipertekstom i hiperinformacijskim overloadom fragmentirana, disperzirana i dekontekstualizirana digitalna kultura zaziva u teoriji i praksi opozicijsku reakciju u pravcu reafirmacije klasične priče ili storytellinga kao arhetipske forme humaniziranja, organiziranja i osmišljavanja ljudskoga iskustva i znanja. Međutim, kada Amazon najavljuje da će autora honorirati onoliko koliko je stranica njegova teksta pročitano zahvaljujući aplikacijama za praćenje takvih rezultata, kada Christian Salmon otkriva storytelling kao novi instrument korporativnog businessa, kada storytelling postaje imperativ komercijalne književnosti i sredstvo industrijalizirane standardiThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Ovaj rad dostupan je za upotrebu pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna.
{"title":"Priča ili story kao instrument ili mašna (de)humanizacije ili…","authors":"Igor Gajin","doi":"10.29162/ANAFORA.V7I2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/ANAFORA.V7I2.6","url":null,"abstract":"U znanosti i nastavi humanističke orijentacije sve je vidljivija favorizacija kvantifikacije, mjerljivosti, birokratizirane organizacije sadržaja i neopozitivizma, neo u smislu statističke obradivosti podataka, čime se evidentno prati logika računalne prezentacije informacija (umjesto znanja), a preko toga kapitalističko discipliniranje i nadziranje Gorzovog „nematerijalnog rada“. Internetom, filozofijom mreže, hipertekstom i hiperinformacijskim overloadom fragmentirana, disperzirana i dekontekstualizirana digitalna kultura zaziva u teoriji i praksi opozicijsku reakciju u pravcu reafirmacije klasične priče ili storytellinga kao arhetipske forme humaniziranja, organiziranja i osmišljavanja ljudskoga iskustva i znanja. Međutim, kada Amazon najavljuje da će autora honorirati onoliko koliko je stranica njegova teksta pročitano zahvaljujući aplikacijama za praćenje takvih rezultata, kada Christian Salmon otkriva storytelling kao novi instrument korporativnog businessa, kada storytelling postaje imperativ komercijalne književnosti i sredstvo industrijalizirane standardiThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Ovaj rad dostupan je za upotrebu pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores Ahmed Yerima’s play Hard Ground (2011) to show how Yerima employs dramatic elements to interrogate manifestations of corruption and internal colonialism engendered by violent struggles for oil wealth in the Niger Delta region. Some scholars from the Niger Delta region have alleged that Yerima’s Hard Ground falls short of being a “realistic” portrayal of the oil crisis in the Niger Delta. Their claim suggests that the play is an exercise in the service of the establishment. However, this study contends that Yerima’s representations of corruption and internal colonialism in the crisis are meant neither to underestimate the role of the establishment nor to overlook the suffering of the people in the region. The playwright’s portrayals of corruption and various forms of internal colonialism generating the oil crisis are informed by postcolonial, multiple, contradictory, and complementary realities/truths, which often reveal the complexities of socio-economic and political crises in the postcolonial African state. The study reveals that leadership egoism and failure are among the key factors that aggravate violent crises which recur in the region. In its conclusion, the paper asserts that the multiple insights that Yerima’s Hard Ground offers on the oil crisis call for collective efforts within the Niger Delta region in particular and Nigeria as whole at finding lasting solutions to the region’s crises orchestrated by the violent struggle for oil wealth.
{"title":"Oil Wealth, Corruption, and the Multiple F(Ph)aces of Internal Colonialism in Ahmed Yerima’s Hard Ground","authors":"N. Lawal","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v7i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v7i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores Ahmed Yerima’s play Hard Ground (2011) to show how Yerima employs dramatic elements to interrogate manifestations of corruption and internal colonialism engendered by violent struggles for oil wealth in the Niger Delta region. Some scholars from the Niger Delta region have alleged that Yerima’s Hard Ground falls short of being a “realistic” portrayal of the oil crisis in the Niger Delta. Their claim suggests that the play is an exercise in the service of the establishment. However, this study contends that Yerima’s representations of corruption and internal colonialism in the crisis are meant neither to underestimate the role of the establishment nor to overlook the suffering of the people in the region. The playwright’s portrayals of corruption and various forms of internal colonialism generating the oil crisis are informed by postcolonial, multiple, contradictory, and complementary realities/truths, which often reveal the complexities of socio-economic and political crises in the postcolonial African state. The study reveals that leadership egoism and failure are among the key factors that aggravate violent crises which recur in the region. In its conclusion, the paper asserts that the multiple insights that Yerima’s Hard Ground offers on the oil crisis call for collective efforts within the Niger Delta region in particular and Nigeria as whole at finding lasting solutions to the region’s crises orchestrated by the violent struggle for oil wealth.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U ovom radu predlažemo izvjesno ‘čitanje izbliza’ izlaganja koje je Jacques Derrida imao na međunarodnom skupu psihoanalitičara, koji je pod naslovom Les États généraux de Psychanalyse održan u srpnju 2000. godine. Slaveći stogodišnjicu objave Freudova Tumačenja snova, ovaj reprezentativni skup upriličen je pod okriljem ‘političke metafore’ sugerirane njegovim povijesno bremenitim naslovom i datumima održavanja. U Derridainu obraćanju metafora revolucije bila je mnogo više nego tek blještavi amblem skupa koji izražava volju organizatora da se naglasi revolucionarni karakter Freudova ‘izuma’ ili da se pobudi entuzijazam sudionika za rješavanje aktualne krize njihove profesije po uzoru na Opće staleže iz 1789. godine. Tek je u svome kasnom radu, a posebice u ovom uvodnom predavanju posvećenom ljudskoj okrutnosti i njezinim novijim povijesnim preobrazbama, Derrida počeo istraživati dekonstruktivne političke potencijale psihoanalize. Njegova hipoteza o nadmoći psihoanalize nad svim drugim diskursima u bavljenju ovim nadasve političkim pitanjem pretpostavlja da postoji, iako još ne sasvim priznata ili čak izložena velikim otporima, politika inherentna Freudovoj teoriji. Naznačena u njegovim kasnim spisima, Freudova ‘progresivna politika’, već angažirana u podrivanju principa državnog suvereniteta, budući da se pokazala sposobnom da ukaže na strategiju prolaska ‘s onu stranu nagona smrti’, poziva na stvaranje nove revolucionarne psihoanalize s onu stranu svih principa. U ovom će radu posebno biti važno iznijeti na vidjelo da Derridaino politički usmjereno čitanje Freudove ostavštine bitno ovisi o njegovoj posebnoj i jedinstvenoj poziciji „prijatelja psihoanalize“.
{"title":"S onu stranu okrutnosti. Opasni prijatelj zastrašujuće psihoanalize","authors":"Ugo Vlaisavljević","doi":"10.29162/ANAFORA.V7I2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/ANAFORA.V7I2.1","url":null,"abstract":"U ovom radu predlažemo izvjesno ‘čitanje izbliza’ izlaganja koje je Jacques Derrida imao na međunarodnom skupu psihoanalitičara, koji je pod naslovom Les États généraux de Psychanalyse održan u srpnju 2000. godine. Slaveći stogodišnjicu objave Freudova Tumačenja snova, ovaj reprezentativni skup upriličen je pod okriljem ‘političke metafore’ sugerirane njegovim povijesno bremenitim naslovom i datumima održavanja. U Derridainu obraćanju metafora revolucije bila je mnogo više nego tek blještavi amblem skupa koji izražava volju organizatora da se naglasi revolucionarni karakter Freudova ‘izuma’ ili da se pobudi entuzijazam sudionika za rješavanje aktualne krize njihove profesije po uzoru na Opće staleže iz 1789. godine. Tek je u svome kasnom radu, a posebice u ovom uvodnom predavanju posvećenom ljudskoj okrutnosti i njezinim novijim povijesnim preobrazbama, Derrida počeo istraživati dekonstruktivne političke potencijale psihoanalize. Njegova hipoteza o nadmoći psihoanalize nad svim drugim diskursima u bavljenju ovim nadasve političkim pitanjem pretpostavlja da postoji, iako još ne sasvim priznata ili čak izložena velikim otporima, politika inherentna Freudovoj teoriji. Naznačena u njegovim kasnim spisima, Freudova ‘progresivna politika’, već angažirana u podrivanju principa državnog suvereniteta, budući da se pokazala sposobnom da ukaže na strategiju prolaska ‘s onu stranu nagona smrti’, poziva na stvaranje nove revolucionarne psihoanalize s onu stranu svih principa. U ovom će radu posebno biti važno iznijeti na vidjelo da Derridaino politički usmjereno čitanje Freudove ostavštine bitno ovisi o njegovoj posebnoj i jedinstvenoj poziciji „prijatelja psihoanalize“.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U ovom se radu kriza humanistike promatra kroz prizmu aktualnog stanja filozofijske misli s kritičke pozicije talijanskog ontologizma. Utemeljujući status filozofije za cjeloviti pristup mogućnosti, dosega i sadržaja ljudske spoznaje opravdava se dvjema polaznim premisama: s povijesno-znanstvenog gledišta filozofijom se dugo vremena smatrala cjelovitost ljudskog znanja bez zasebnog disciplinarnog dijeljenja te posljedičnog ograničavanja na specifičnu domenu njegove metode i argumenta istraživanja, dok je filozofija danas pojmljena tek kao jedno od znanstvenih područja humanističke deklinacije. Sa spekulativno-sadržajnog, pak, stajališta filozofija je doživjela istu evolucijsku sudbinu grananja k vlastitim specifičnostima, analognu progresivnom razvoju prirodnih znanosti i njihovih spoznajnih prodiranja u strukture stvarnosti. Filozofija je, dakle, i kao disciplina doživjela sistemsko cijepanje ovisno o argumentu njezina istraživanja: filozofija povijesti, filozofija uma, estetika, logika, ontologija, filozofija prava itd., gubeći tako iz vida činjenicu da jedino humanističko područje u kojem se promišlja jedinstvenost svakog specifičnog argumenta This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Ovaj rad dostupan je za upotrebu pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna.
在这项工作中，人道主义危机是通过从意大利本体论的关键地位认识当前的精神哲学状态来监测的。提高哲学在充分获得人类知识的机会、剂量和内容方面的地位有两个基本前提：从历史和科学的角度来看，哲学长期以来一直被认为是人类知识的全部知识，没有特定的学科分布，而后者限制了其研究方法和论点的特定领域，而哲学今天只被称为人类宣言的科学领域之一。然而，哲学也经历了同样的进化命运，即限制其特征、模拟自然科学的渐进发展及其对现实结构的认知销售。因此，哲学是一门学科，它经历了系统的切割，这取决于它研究的论点：历史哲学、心灵哲学、美学、逻辑学、本体论、法哲学等等。gubeći tako iz vidačinjenicu da jedino humanističko područje u kojem se promišlja jedinstvenot svakog specificčnog argumenta这部作品是根据知识共享署名4.0国际许可证授权的。这部作品以4.0国际的名义获得知识共享许可。
{"title":"Gubitak sadržaja u suvremenoj humanističkoj i filozofijskoj misli kroz prikaz razvoja škole kritičkog ontologizma","authors":"Pavao Žitko","doi":"10.29162/ANAFORA.V7I2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/ANAFORA.V7I2.4","url":null,"abstract":"U ovom se radu kriza humanistike promatra kroz prizmu aktualnog stanja filozofijske misli s kritičke pozicije talijanskog ontologizma. Utemeljujući status filozofije za cjeloviti pristup mogućnosti, dosega i sadržaja ljudske spoznaje opravdava se dvjema polaznim premisama: s povijesno-znanstvenog gledišta filozofijom se dugo vremena smatrala cjelovitost ljudskog znanja bez zasebnog disciplinarnog dijeljenja te posljedičnog ograničavanja na specifičnu domenu njegove metode i argumenta istraživanja, dok je filozofija danas pojmljena tek kao jedno od znanstvenih područja humanističke deklinacije. Sa spekulativno-sadržajnog, pak, stajališta filozofija je doživjela istu evolucijsku sudbinu grananja k vlastitim specifičnostima, analognu progresivnom razvoju prirodnih znanosti i njihovih spoznajnih prodiranja u strukture stvarnosti. Filozofija je, dakle, i kao disciplina doživjela sistemsko cijepanje ovisno o argumentu njezina istraživanja: filozofija povijesti, filozofija uma, estetika, logika, ontologija, filozofija prava itd., gubeći tako iz vida činjenicu da jedino humanističko područje u kojem se promišlja jedinstvenost svakog specifičnog argumenta This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Ovaj rad dostupan je za upotrebu pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomislav Žigmanov autor je koji pripada kopnenom, sjevernjačkom i panonskom dijelu književnoga korpusa po mnogim svjetonazorsko-filozofskim, tradicijsko-kulturološkim i jezičnim odrednicama svoga djela. Bunjevački blues je zbirka lirskih pjesama/pisama, koja je doživjela dva izdanja, a ovaj se članak bavi drugim, proširenim izdanjem iz 2003. (Subotica). Zbirka se temelji na bunjevačkim tradicijsko-kulturološkim zalihama kao što su jezična baština, tradicijski život, svjetonazorske i mentalitetne odlike, sraz tradicijskoga i modernoga i sl. Ponajprije su te zalihe implicirane i vidljive u motivsko-tematskom sloju, koji je apsolutno ukorijenjen u bunjevačku ikavicu. Stoga se članak djelomično fokusira na stilsko stigmatiziranje bunjevačkih ikavskih i leksičkih oblika u ritmičkom, melodijskom i značenjskom tkivu pjesničkoga teksta. Osim toga, propituju se tradicijski poticaji u filozofskoj svijesti pjesme i motivsko-tematskoj pjesmovnoj potki, koji joj daju posvema karakteristična obilježja i čine ju reprezentativnim štivom panonističkog književnog kruga. Pokušavaju se detektirati inspirativna i afektivna vrela koja vode tekst u regionalnu obojenost i ustoličuju postupak nijansiranja tradicijskih i mentalitetnih specifikuma. Posebice se ističe i naslovna odrednica, koja se utkiva u pjesničke tekstove kao misaoni lajtmotiv i ugođajni predznak, i tako potiče recipijentov horizont očekivanja, inaugurirajući tekst kao melankoličnu kantilenu i referirajući se na općepoznatu glazbenu tužbalicu.
Tomislav Jigman的作者在其作品的许多部分，包括世界级哲学、传统文化和语言部分，都属于书体的地方、北方和全景部分。荧光蓝调是一本抒情歌曲/信件集，已经出版了两本，本文涉及2003年的另一本扩展出版物。（苏博蒂察）。《圣经》以传统和文化商品的肥料为基础，如语言花园、传统生活、光源和精神差异、传统和现代关系等。这些供应在动机和主题层面上更为隐含和可见，而动机和主题层绝对植根于肥料。Stoga sečlanak djelomično fokusira na stilsko污名化了bunjevačkih ikavskih i leksičkich oblika u ritmičkom，melodyjskom i značenjskom tkivu pjesničkoga teksta。此外，哲学中的传统激励受到诗歌和动机主题诗歌的质疑，这给了她一个完整的特征标记，并以全景文学圈的代表性程度代表了她。他们试图发现一种鼓舞人心的、有效的热量，这种热量会导致区域色彩，并促进传统和心理特征的衰退。特别是，这一标题也在出现，它贯穿于诗歌文本中，如光明动机的神话和一个愉快的迹象，从而激发了接受者的期望视野，使文本成为忧郁的康蒂伦，并指的是一位普通的音乐检察官。
{"title":"Tradicijske zalihe zbirke pjesama Bunjevački blues (2003.) Tomislava Žigmanova","authors":"Vlasta Markasović","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v7i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v7i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Tomislav Žigmanov autor je koji pripada kopnenom, sjevernjačkom i panonskom dijelu književnoga korpusa po mnogim svjetonazorsko-filozofskim, tradicijsko-kulturološkim i jezičnim odrednicama svoga djela. Bunjevački blues je zbirka lirskih pjesama/pisama, koja je doživjela dva izdanja, a ovaj se članak bavi drugim, proširenim izdanjem iz 2003. (Subotica). Zbirka se temelji na bunjevačkim tradicijsko-kulturološkim zalihama kao što su jezična baština, tradicijski život, svjetonazorske i mentalitetne odlike, sraz tradicijskoga i modernoga i sl. Ponajprije su te zalihe implicirane i vidljive u motivsko-tematskom sloju, koji je apsolutno ukorijenjen u bunjevačku ikavicu. Stoga se članak djelomično fokusira na stilsko stigmatiziranje bunjevačkih ikavskih i leksičkih oblika u ritmičkom, melodijskom i značenjskom tkivu pjesničkoga teksta. Osim toga, propituju se tradicijski poticaji u filozofskoj svijesti pjesme i motivsko-tematskoj pjesmovnoj potki, koji joj daju posvema karakteristična obilježja i čine ju reprezentativnim štivom panonističkog književnog kruga. Pokušavaju se detektirati inspirativna i afektivna vrela koja vode tekst u regionalnu obojenost i ustoličuju postupak nijansiranja tradicijskih i mentalitetnih specifikuma. Posebice se ističe i naslovna odrednica, koja se utkiva u pjesničke tekstove kao misaoni lajtmotiv i ugođajni predznak, i tako potiče recipijentov horizont očekivanja, inaugurirajući tekst kao melankoličnu kantilenu i referirajući se na općepoznatu glazbenu tužbalicu.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Updike’s Rabbit, Run addresses the human condition under the reign of capital in the context of a society in transition toward a neoliberal state. By depicting a protagonist preoccupied with desire and consciousness through recounting his immediate experiences, the narrative delineates the confusion inherent in the capitalistic state for the protagonist in search of a way out toward self-actualization. Through the application of possible world theory, it is argued that the imbalance between Rabbit’s counterfactual possible worlds and his actual world accounts for the failure he experiences in his quest. As such, the possible worlds’ disequilibrium, we argue, ultimately leads to Rabbit’s bitter failure in his search; too many possible worlds in their counterfactual state produce a kind of counter-reality where there are too many fantasy/wish worlds, but few obligation worlds, a situation that leads to all the inevitable consequences we witness at the end of Book One of the Rabbit tetralogy.
{"title":"Liberal Failure","authors":"Hossein Pirnajmuddin, Sara Saei Dibavar","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v7i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v7i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"John Updike’s Rabbit, Run addresses the human condition under the reign of capital in the context of a society in transition toward a neoliberal state. By depicting a protagonist preoccupied with desire and consciousness through recounting his immediate experiences, the narrative delineates the confusion inherent in the capitalistic state for the protagonist in search of a way out toward self-actualization. Through the application of possible world theory, it is argued that the imbalance between Rabbit’s counterfactual possible worlds and his actual world accounts for the failure he experiences in his quest. As such, the possible worlds’ disequilibrium, we argue, ultimately leads to Rabbit’s bitter failure in his search; too many possible worlds in their counterfactual state produce a kind of counter-reality where there are too many fantasy/wish worlds, but few obligation worlds, a situation that leads to all the inevitable consequences we witness at the end of Book One of the Rabbit tetralogy.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the bedrocks of the French imperialism in North America, the fur trade and the logging industry led to a drastic depletion in the populations of fur-bearing animals, particularly that of the beaver, and massive deforestation on the continent. Examining Annie Proulx’s Barkskins from an ecocritical point of view, this article seeks to investigate the novel’s representations of the detrimental impact of anthropocentrism. We will show that the prevalence of anthropocentrism in New France resulted in the over-harvesting of beavers to procure precious pelts for European markets, where fur clothes were in vogue during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In this scenario, French merchants went from rags to riches at the cost of losing myriads of beavers. On the other hand, our study will also address the indirect endorsement of biocentrism by the indigenous North Americans, who refrained from inflicting irreparable damage on nature in a vast territory in which the European settlers relentlessly cut ancient trees to make their fortunes. Hence, the focus of this article is the distinction between the perspectives on the natural world held by French settlers and Native Americans in Barkskins.
{"title":"The Upholders of Anthropocentrism and Biocentrism in Annie Proulx’s Barkskins","authors":"P. Baharvand, Bakhtiar Sadjadi","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v7i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v7i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"As the bedrocks of the French imperialism in North America, the fur trade and the logging industry led to a drastic depletion in the populations of fur-bearing animals, particularly that of the beaver, and massive deforestation on the continent. Examining Annie Proulx’s Barkskins from an ecocritical point of view, this article seeks to investigate the novel’s representations of the detrimental impact of anthropocentrism. We will show that the prevalence of anthropocentrism in New France resulted in the over-harvesting of beavers to procure precious pelts for European markets, where fur clothes were in vogue during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In this scenario, French merchants went from rags to riches at the cost of losing myriads of beavers. On the other hand, our study will also address the indirect endorsement of biocentrism by the indigenous North Americans, who refrained from inflicting irreparable damage on nature in a vast territory in which the European settlers relentlessly cut ancient trees to make their fortunes. Hence, the focus of this article is the distinction between the perspectives on the natural world held by French settlers and Native Americans in Barkskins.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69709768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The text examines the well-known late-nineteenth century novel The Country of the Pointed Firs (1896) by Sarah Orne Jewett and the early twenty-first century novel Olive Kitteridge (2008) by Elizabeth Strout, and sets them in several distinct but intersecting contexts within a larger argument about the reading methodology motivated by age studies and their growing appreciation in the humanities. This argument is then extended in the sections focusing on pastoralism and the way it incorporates, or evades, the question of age and ageing. The next section takes up the possibilities opened up by the pastoral mode and links them to another strain of fiction to which both texts belong despite the temporal distance, that of regionalism and its long tradition specifically in New England fiction examined from the vantage point of age. Finally, the last section of the argument adds further considerations not only of the parallels but also of telling differences between the two texts due to the different temporal and cultural context in which they strive to represent age and ageing. By focusing on emotions and their display as part of the narrative of ageing, both texts (Olive Kitteridge in particular) meaningfully illustrate the issue of age with its many ramifications for the contemporary Western societies. The two texts thus show a transition in American culture in the representations of age and ageing from its pre-scientific phase (in Jewett’s text) to the current medicalized and scientific view of age and its consequences (in Strout’s text).
{"title":"The past and present of age and ageing in The Country of the Pointed Firs and Olive Kitteridge","authors":"Jelena Šesnič","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v6i2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v6i2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The text examines the well-known late-nineteenth century novel The Country of the Pointed Firs (1896) by Sarah Orne Jewett and the early twenty-first century novel Olive Kitteridge (2008) by Elizabeth Strout, and sets them in several distinct but intersecting contexts within a larger argument about the reading methodology motivated by age studies and their growing appreciation in the humanities. This argument is then extended in the sections focusing on pastoralism and the way it incorporates, or evades, the question of age and ageing. The next section takes up the possibilities opened up by the pastoral mode and links them to another strain of fiction to which both texts belong despite the temporal distance, that of regionalism and its long tradition specifically in New England fiction examined from the vantage point of age. Finally, the last section of the argument adds further considerations not only of the parallels but also of telling differences between the two texts due to the different temporal and cultural context in which they strive to represent age and ageing. By focusing on emotions and their display as part of the narrative of ageing, both texts (Olive Kitteridge in particular) meaningfully illustrate the issue of age with its many ramifications for the contemporary Western societies. The two texts thus show a transition in American culture in the representations of age and ageing from its pre-scientific phase (in Jewett’s text) to the current medicalized and scientific view of age and its consequences (in Strout’s text).","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44606080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores representations of male aging in Jonathan Franzen’s The Corrections (2001) by looking at theories of aging, pathology, and hegemonic masculinity. While, in general, academic discourses about aging tend to link old age to pathology, the focus on gender stereotypes adds another layer to the perception of aging in Franzen’s novel. The Corrections is constructed around an aged patriarch who is not only struck by the illnesses of old age but, more importantly, he keeps clinging to an idealized masculine identity he is no longer able to maintain as an old man. Drawing on the difficulties of identity construction concerning Aging Studies and the lack of what Gabriela Spector-Mersel defines as “masculinity scripts,” my article illustrates how literary representations can construct male losses as symptoms of a silent virus that appears to break out in the aged body. The article will show that these (lived) hegemonic concepts of masculinity establish the male as a dominant collective but simultaneously constitute the inevitable failure of the individual. Hegemonic masculinities then have a disabling impact on the old man as is mirrored in Franzen’s doomed protagonist who becomes the victim of his own concepts of masculinity.
{"title":"Masculinity beyond repair","authors":"Stela Dujakovic","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v6i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v6i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores representations of male aging in Jonathan Franzen’s The Corrections (2001) by looking at theories of aging, pathology, and hegemonic masculinity. While, in general, academic discourses about aging tend to link old age to pathology, the focus on gender stereotypes adds another layer to the perception of aging in Franzen’s novel. The Corrections is constructed around an aged patriarch who is not only struck by the illnesses of old age but, more importantly, he keeps clinging to an idealized masculine identity he is no longer able to maintain as an old man. Drawing on the difficulties of identity construction concerning Aging Studies and the lack of what Gabriela Spector-Mersel defines as “masculinity scripts,” my article illustrates how literary representations can construct male losses as symptoms of a silent virus that appears to break out in the aged body. The article will show that these (lived) hegemonic concepts of masculinity establish the male as a dominant collective but simultaneously constitute the inevitable failure of the individual. Hegemonic masculinities then have a disabling impact on the old man as is mirrored in Franzen’s doomed protagonist who becomes the victim of his own concepts of masculinity.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44353259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Martinović, Ivo Grgić, Elizabeta Kotromanović
Ovaj rad sastoji se od teorijskog i empirijskog dijela. U teorijskom dijelu govori se ponajprije o svrsi čitanja, zatim se raspravlja o rezultatima koje mladi iz Hrvatske pokazuju na međunarodnim ispitivanjima pismenosti te o mogućim uzrocima pojave izostanka čitanja iz užitka kod mladih. Nadalje, govori se o motivima, interesima i navikama mladih na temelju rezultata ranije provedenih istraživanja. Autorice zauzimaju stav da je tema knjige jedan od čimbenika koji mogu potaknuti i motivirati mlade na čitanje. U radu se nadalje donosi pregled tema koje se pojavljuju u knjigama namijenjenim mladima objavljenim od 60-ih godina 20. st. naovamo. U empirijskom dijelu rada donose se rezultati istraživanja provedenog kombinacijom različitih metodoloških postupaka; stvaranjem popisa knjiga te analizom sadržaja, s ciljem utvrđivanja tema koje se pojavljuju u knjigama za mlade objavljenim u Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 2016. do travnja 2019. godine. U zaključku istraživanja donose se ponajprije saznanja o tome koje su teme prisutne u knjigama za mlade. Zaključak na kraju rada objedinjuje spoznaje o tematici knjiga za mlade i onih do kojih se došlo temeljem proučavanja prethodnih istraživanja i teorijskih spoznaja o temama čitanja, te ukusima, navikama i interesima mladih za čitanje iz užitka kao i o ulozi tema knjiga u motivaciji mladih za takvu vrstu čitanja.
{"title":"Užitak u čitanju","authors":"Ivana Martinović, Ivo Grgić, Elizabeta Kotromanović","doi":"10.29162/anafora.v6i2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v6i2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Ovaj rad sastoji se od teorijskog i empirijskog dijela. U teorijskom dijelu govori se ponajprije o svrsi čitanja, zatim se raspravlja o rezultatima koje mladi iz Hrvatske pokazuju na međunarodnim ispitivanjima pismenosti te o mogućim uzrocima pojave izostanka čitanja iz užitka kod mladih. Nadalje, govori se o motivima, interesima i navikama mladih na temelju rezultata ranije provedenih istraživanja. Autorice zauzimaju stav da je tema knjige jedan od čimbenika koji mogu potaknuti i motivirati mlade na čitanje. U radu se nadalje donosi pregled tema koje se pojavljuju u knjigama namijenjenim mladima objavljenim od 60-ih godina 20. st. naovamo. U empirijskom dijelu rada donose se rezultati istraživanja provedenog kombinacijom različitih metodoloških postupaka; stvaranjem popisa knjiga te analizom sadržaja, s ciljem utvrđivanja tema koje se pojavljuju u knjigama za mlade objavljenim u Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 2016. do travnja 2019. godine. U zaključku istraživanja donose se ponajprije saznanja o tome koje su teme prisutne u knjigama za mlade. Zaključak na kraju rada objedinjuje spoznaje o tematici knjiga za mlade i onih do kojih se došlo temeljem proučavanja prethodnih istraživanja i teorijskih spoznaja o temama čitanja, te ukusima, navikama i interesima mladih za čitanje iz užitka kao i o ulozi tema knjiga u motivaciji mladih za takvu vrstu čitanja.","PeriodicalId":40415,"journal":{"name":"Anafora","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43662017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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