Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.10
Desti Widiani (Corresponding Author), Sangkot Sirait, Andi Prastowo, Abd Munip
The re-emergence of the Kuttab is an interesting phenomenon to study in Indonesia. This institution continues to bloom after its last traces in 1952 in Riau. In 2012, the Kuttab Al-Fatih was established and developed in 23 cities. Other kuttabs began to emerge in different Indonesian regions. Therefore, this study attempts to show the existence and development of kuttab in the reform era in Indonesia. Data were collected using a Systematic Literature Review. The results showed that the re-emergence of post-reform kuttab caused a shock effect. This is because the curriculum developed was different from that of Islamic educational institutions. Furthermore, it is necessary to recognize government policy towards kuttab in Indonesia since it has no legal umbrella, hence, a solution is needed to seat this institution. First, the Ministry of Religion/Kemdikbudristek has to make regulations that contain kuttab nomenclature. Second, it is necessary to separate pesantren and kuttab. Third, the kuttab needs to be accommodated, fostered, adopted and supervised. Fourth, this institution is regarded as a formal pathway and is at the SD/MI level. The kuttab has two class systems including the initial I, II, III and the qanuni I, II, III, IV with ages 5-12 years. The kuttab diploma needs to be equivalent to a formal SD/MI education and not only PKBM, MSU, or Package A.
库塔布的重新出现是印度尼西亚研究的一个有趣现象。1952年在廖内城留下最后的痕迹后，这个机构继续蓬勃发展。2012年，Kuttab Al Fatih在23个城市成立并开发。其他库塔布开始出现在印度尼西亚的不同地区。因此，本研究试图展示库塔布在印尼改革时代的存在和发展。使用系统文献综述收集数据。结果表明，改革后库塔布的重新出现引起了冲击效应。这是因为制定的课程与伊斯兰教育机构的课程不同。此外，有必要承认印度尼西亚政府对库塔布的政策，因为它没有法律保护伞，因此，需要一个解决方案来安置该机构。首先，宗教部/Kendikbudristek必须制定包含kuttab命名法的法规。其次，有必要将佩森特伦和库塔布分开。第三，库塔布需要被接纳、培养、采纳和监督。第四，该机构被视为正式途径，处于SD/MI级别。kuttab有两个等级系统，包括最初的I、II、III和年龄为5-12岁的qanuni I、II，III、IV。kuttab文凭需要相当于正式的SD/MI教育，而不仅仅是PKBM、MSU或a包。
{"title":"Kuttab in Indonesia: Its Existence and Development during the Reform Era","authors":"Desti Widiani (Corresponding Author), Sangkot Sirait, Andi Prastowo, Abd Munip","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The re-emergence of the Kuttab is an interesting phenomenon to study in Indonesia. This institution continues to bloom after its last traces in 1952 in Riau. In 2012, the Kuttab Al-Fatih was established and developed in 23 cities. Other kuttabs began to emerge in different Indonesian regions. Therefore, this study attempts to show the existence and development of kuttab in the reform era in Indonesia. Data were collected using a Systematic Literature Review. The results showed that the re-emergence of post-reform kuttab caused a shock effect. This is because the curriculum developed was different from that of Islamic educational institutions. Furthermore, it is necessary to recognize government policy towards kuttab in Indonesia since it has no legal umbrella, hence, a solution is needed to seat this institution. First, the Ministry of Religion/Kemdikbudristek has to make regulations that contain kuttab nomenclature. Second, it is necessary to separate pesantren and kuttab. Third, the kuttab needs to be accommodated, fostered, adopted and supervised. Fourth, this institution is regarded as a formal pathway and is at the SD/MI level. The kuttab has two class systems including the initial I, II, III and the qanuni I, II, III, IV with ages 5-12 years. The kuttab diploma needs to be equivalent to a formal SD/MI education and not only PKBM, MSU, or Package A.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42490506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.18
Islah Gusmian, Mustaffa Abdullah (Corresponding Author)
Al-Iklīl fī Ma’ānī al-Tanzīl by Misbah bin Zainil Mustafa is a Qur’anic exegesis that was born from the pesantren tradition and was written during the New Order era under the leadership of President Soeharto. Through his exegesis, Misbah criticized social, political, and religious issues in Indonesia. The issues he highlighted, including how he formed his criticism, and its political as well as scholarly ramifications, are the focus of this study. Using descriptive, historical and explanatory methods, this article presents interesting and important findings. First, Misbah was an Indonesian ulama who started to publicly criticize the New Order regime’s policies and Muslims’ behaviors who were deemed inconsistent with Islamic values. In the midst of a hegemonic and repressive political system, Misbah’s attitude was a high risk and faced with political pressure from the New Order regime. Second, the use of Qur’anic exegesis as a medium for expressing criticism was an unusual move. During the New Order era, various criticisms of the government were raised through the mass media, art performances, literary works, or extra-parliamentary movements on the streets, but Misbah used Qur’anic exegesis as a medium for criticism; an out of the ordinary choice. Finally, from a political standpoint, because of his Al-Iklīl, Misbah was able to escape the political pressures of the hegemonic New Order government, and in term of academic contribution, he was able to establish a new tradition in the history of Qur’anic interpretation in Indonesia.
Misbah bin Zainil Mustafa的《Al-Iklīl fīMa’ānīAl-Tanzīl》是一部古兰经注释，诞生于比桑特伦传统，写于索哈托总统领导下的新秩序时代。米斯巴通过他的训诫批评了印尼的社会、政治和宗教问题。他强调的问题，包括他是如何形成批评的，以及其政治和学术影响，是本研究的重点。本文采用描述性、历史性和解释性的方法，提出了有趣而重要的发现。首先，米斯巴是一名印尼乌拉马人，他开始公开批评新秩序政权的政策和穆斯林的行为，这些政策和行为被认为与伊斯兰价值观不符。在霸权和专制的政治体系中，米斯巴的态度是高度危险的，并面临着来自新秩序政权的政治压力。其次，使用《古兰经》注释作为表达批评的媒介是一个不同寻常的举动。在新秩序时代，人们通过大众媒体、艺术表演、文学作品或街头的议会外运动提出了对政府的各种批评，但米斯巴使用《古兰经》注释作为批评的媒介；不同寻常的选择。最后，从政治角度来看，米斯巴因为他的《古兰经》得以逃脱霸权新秩序政府的政治压力，在学术贡献方面，他得以在印尼的古兰经解释史上建立新的传统。
{"title":"Criticism of Social, Political, and Religious Problems in Indonesia: A Study on Al-Iklīl fī Ma‘ānī al-Tanzīl by Misbah Bin Zainil Mustafa (1917-1994)","authors":"Islah Gusmian, Mustaffa Abdullah (Corresponding Author)","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Al-Iklīl fī Ma’ānī al-Tanzīl by Misbah bin Zainil Mustafa is a Qur’anic exegesis that was born from the pesantren tradition and was written during the New Order era under the leadership of President Soeharto. Through his exegesis, Misbah criticized social, political, and religious issues in Indonesia. The issues he highlighted, including how he formed his criticism, and its political as well as scholarly ramifications, are the focus of this study. Using descriptive, historical and explanatory methods, this article presents interesting and important findings. First, Misbah was an Indonesian ulama who started to publicly criticize the New Order regime’s policies and Muslims’ behaviors who were deemed inconsistent with Islamic values. In the midst of a hegemonic and repressive political system, Misbah’s attitude was a high risk and faced with political pressure from the New Order regime. Second, the use of Qur’anic exegesis as a medium for expressing criticism was an unusual move. During the New Order era, various criticisms of the government were raised through the mass media, art performances, literary works, or extra-parliamentary movements on the streets, but Misbah used Qur’anic exegesis as a medium for criticism; an out of the ordinary choice. Finally, from a political standpoint, because of his Al-Iklīl, Misbah was able to escape the political pressures of the hegemonic New Order government, and in term of academic contribution, he was able to establish a new tradition in the history of Qur’anic interpretation in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46074841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Differences in views in the first precepts of the Pancasila version of the Jakarta Charter of 22 June 1945 became a genealogical factor that caused some Islamic groups to struggle relentlessly in realizing Islam as the basis of the philosophy and ideology of the state. Part of these groups' movements is compromise and radicalism. Therefore, this research aims to examine non-mainstream Islamic movements in the Indonesian political system. The phenomenological constructivism approach is used in understanding the views of the New Order and the Reform regimes in dealing with non-mainstream Islamic movements, through interview techniques and document analysis. These results showed that radical issues far exceed the normal level of Islamic movements in Indonesia. Furthermore, there is concern that certain groups oriented towards Islamic movements in Indonesia are more co-opted in the anti-Islamic global network sponsored by the United States and the West. The status of the New Order and Reform Regimes did not differ significantly in addressing various state issues related to the Islamic movement. For both regimes, non-mainstream Islamic movements should be strictly controlled. The most effective political instruments to control Islamic nationalist groups whose views differ from secular nationalist in terms of Pancasila as the state ideology are radical issues and terrorism.
{"title":"Goverment Control of Islamic Ideology Movement: A Case of Indonesia","authors":"Ristapawa Indra, Mahyudin Ritonga (Corresponding Author), Fitrah Santosa","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in views in the first precepts of the Pancasila version of the Jakarta Charter of 22 June 1945 became a genealogical factor that caused some Islamic groups to struggle relentlessly in realizing Islam as the basis of the philosophy and ideology of the state. Part of these groups' movements is compromise and radicalism. Therefore, this research aims to examine non-mainstream Islamic movements in the Indonesian political system. The phenomenological constructivism approach is used in understanding the views of the New Order and the Reform regimes in dealing with non-mainstream Islamic movements, through interview techniques and document analysis. These results showed that radical issues far exceed the normal level of Islamic movements in Indonesia. Furthermore, there is concern that certain groups oriented towards Islamic movements in Indonesia are more co-opted in the anti-Islamic global network sponsored by the United States and the West. The status of the New Order and Reform Regimes did not differ significantly in addressing various state issues related to the Islamic movement. For both regimes, non-mainstream Islamic movements should be strictly controlled. The most effective political instruments to control Islamic nationalist groups whose views differ from secular nationalist in terms of Pancasila as the state ideology are radical issues and terrorism.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41505442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.15
Ahmad Munjin Nasih (Corresponding Author), D. Darwis, A. Hamid
Social media platforms continue to be vastly utilized in university contexts as channels for the dissemination of zealous religious ideas. As a group, students are vulnerable to radicalism and are easily affected by extremist perceptions. This study investigated how the LINE Official account could be utilized to spread moderate Islamic perspectives in the Muslim student community in Indonesia’s universities. It also examined how such an account could contribute to the mitigation of radicalism among students. This study contributes significantly to the literature because most extant research on counterradicalism movements remains centered on actions involving numerous stakeholders. It is hence necessary to initiate individual-focused movements that employ technology. The data used for the present study were obtained by analyzing conversations and comments available on the LINE platform. The study’s findings suggest that LINE Official accounts can be employed as tools to oppose radicalism and spread moderate views among university students in Indonesia.
{"title":"Countering Islamic Radicalism among Indonesian University Students: An Investigation on Social Media Using LINE Official Account","authors":"Ahmad Munjin Nasih (Corresponding Author), D. Darwis, A. Hamid","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Social media platforms continue to be vastly utilized in university contexts as channels for the dissemination of zealous religious ideas. As a group, students are vulnerable to radicalism and are easily affected by extremist perceptions. This study investigated how the LINE Official account could be utilized to spread moderate Islamic perspectives in the Muslim student community in Indonesia’s universities. It also examined how such an account could contribute to the mitigation of radicalism among students. This study contributes significantly to the literature because most extant research on counterradicalism movements remains centered on actions involving numerous stakeholders. It is hence necessary to initiate individual-focused movements that employ technology. The data used for the present study were obtained by analyzing conversations and comments available on the LINE platform. The study’s findings suggest that LINE Official accounts can be employed as tools to oppose radicalism and spread moderate views among university students in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49476448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ummi Fa'izah Abdul Rahman (Corresponding Author), Arman Asmad
This study aims to identify the level of mental health and the level of motivation among undergraduate students of UNISSA during online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This quantitative study uses a descriptive survey method through a questionnaire. A systematic random sampling method was used to obtain 584 undergraduate students from UNISSA students as a study sample. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is used to measure students' mental health levels while the Learning Motivation Strategies Questionnaire (MSLQ) is used to measure students' motivation levels. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study found that undergraduate students have a moderate level of mental health and a high level of motivation while following online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is expected to contribute to students, lecturers and Higher Education Institutions in understanding the importance of maintaining good mental health during the pandemic. The findings of this study also found that UNISSA's role as an Islamic university in providing support to students was clearly proven, especially in difficult circumstances during COVID-19.
{"title":"Kesihatan Mental dan Motivasi Pelajar UNISSA Terhadap Pembelajaran dalam Talian Semasa Pandemik Covid-19","authors":"Ummi Fa'izah Abdul Rahman (Corresponding Author), Arman Asmad","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the level of mental health and the level of motivation among undergraduate students of UNISSA during online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This quantitative study uses a descriptive survey method through a questionnaire. A systematic random sampling method was used to obtain 584 undergraduate students from UNISSA students as a study sample. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is used to measure students' mental health levels while the Learning Motivation Strategies Questionnaire (MSLQ) is used to measure students' motivation levels. The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study found that undergraduate students have a moderate level of mental health and a high level of motivation while following online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is expected to contribute to students, lecturers and Higher Education Institutions in understanding the importance of maintaining good mental health during the pandemic. The findings of this study also found that UNISSA's role as an Islamic university in providing support to students was clearly proven, especially in difficult circumstances during COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48816701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.13
A. Tahiiev
There were a number of events in early Islamic history that caused controversy among the first generations of Muslims. In our opinion retrospective analysis of these events can reveal the prerequisites for the emergence of certain characteristics that have become specific to the main directions of Islam. This essay presents an analysis of one such event and its impact on the differences in the sources of Sunni and Shia Islamic traditions. During the events of Saqifa the successor to the Prophet was chosen, which played a significant role in the division of the Muslim community. We analyzed how these events influenced the understanding of divine law and the role of ijma and aql in Sunni and Shia doctrines.
{"title":"Impact of the Events of Saqifa on the Formation of Differences between the Islamic Sunni and Shia Tradition","authors":"A. Tahiiev","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.13","url":null,"abstract":"There were a number of events in early Islamic history that caused controversy among the first generations of Muslims. In our opinion retrospective analysis of these events can reveal the prerequisites for the emergence of certain characteristics that have become specific to the main directions of Islam. This essay presents an analysis of one such event and its impact on the differences in the sources of Sunni and Shia Islamic traditions. During the events of Saqifa the successor to the Prophet was chosen, which played a significant role in the division of the Muslim community. We analyzed how these events influenced the understanding of divine law and the role of ijma and aql in Sunni and Shia doctrines.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45707075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.17
David Eko Setiawan (Corresponding Author), Kalis Stevanus
Indonesian society is plural, consisting of various cultures, religions, beliefs, and ethinicities. All these differences can trigger fanaticism, causing tension and conflict in society. This paper uses the literature method to describe the values contained in Islam Nusantara (Indonesian model of Islam). The results of the literature review show that Islam Nusantara values can act as an alternative and mediator when there is a conflict of differences, since it prioritize a high appreciation of plurality as a social reality. Islam Nusantara can drive social ethics to foster tolerance and social solidarity in a multicultural society like Indonesia.
{"title":"Significance of Islam Nusantara Values in an Indonesian Multicultural Society","authors":"David Eko Setiawan (Corresponding Author), Kalis Stevanus","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesian society is plural, consisting of various cultures, religions, beliefs, and ethinicities. All these differences can trigger fanaticism, causing tension and conflict in society. This paper uses the literature method to describe the values contained in Islam Nusantara (Indonesian model of Islam). The results of the literature review show that Islam Nusantara values can act as an alternative and mediator when there is a conflict of differences, since it prioritize a high appreciation of plurality as a social reality. Islam Nusantara can drive social ethics to foster tolerance and social solidarity in a multicultural society like Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45691562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rabiatul Adawiyah Abdullah (Corresponding Author), Abu Hanifah Haris, Zulkanain Abdul Rahman
This article discusses the development of the Hijaz liberation and anti-Ibn Saud movements from the 1920s to the 1930s. The emergence of three movements for the liberation of Hijaz and anti-Ibn Saud proves that the movement is very significant and anti-Ibn Saud. Therefore, this article is highlighted to examine the early development of the Hijaz liberation movement and the anti-Ibn Saud, namely the Hijaz National Party (HNP), in addition to evaluating the development of the Hijaz liberation movement and the anti-Ibn Saud movement, namely the Ikhwan movement and the Hijaz Liberation Party (HNP). This study uses qualitative methods and library research by analyzing primary and secondary sources. Among the primary sources used are the Foreign Office (FO), Colonial Office (CO) and Political and Secret Department Record (IOR/L/PS) had obtained from The National Archives and the British Library, London. The results of the study found that the emergence of the anti-Ibn Saud movement in the Hijaz appeared after the conquest of the Hijaz by Ibn Saud who sought to dominate the Hijaz through a political and administrative approach. There were three movements that opposed Ibn Saud at that time, namely the Hijaz National Party, the Ikhwan movement and the Hijaz Liberation Party. Nevertheless, the struggle of all these movements eventually failed and was successfully removed by Ibn Saud starting with the banning of the HNP in 1926, followed by the decline of the Brotherhood movement in the early 1930s. The establishment of the state of Saudi Arabia in 1932 succeeded in challenging the HLP struggle leading to the banning of the movement in 1936.
{"title":"Perkembangan Gerakan Pembebasan Hijaz dan Anti Ibn Saud, 1920-an hingga 1930-an","authors":"Rabiatul Adawiyah Abdullah (Corresponding Author), Abu Hanifah Haris, Zulkanain Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the development of the Hijaz liberation and anti-Ibn Saud movements from the 1920s to the 1930s. The emergence of three movements for the liberation of Hijaz and anti-Ibn Saud proves that the movement is very significant and anti-Ibn Saud. Therefore, this article is highlighted to examine the early development of the Hijaz liberation movement and the anti-Ibn Saud, namely the Hijaz National Party (HNP), in addition to evaluating the development of the Hijaz liberation movement and the anti-Ibn Saud movement, namely the Ikhwan movement and the Hijaz Liberation Party (HNP). This study uses qualitative methods and library research by analyzing primary and secondary sources. Among the primary sources used are the Foreign Office (FO), Colonial Office (CO) and Political and Secret Department Record (IOR/L/PS) had obtained from The National Archives and the British Library, London. The results of the study found that the emergence of the anti-Ibn Saud movement in the Hijaz appeared after the conquest of the Hijaz by Ibn Saud who sought to dominate the Hijaz through a political and administrative approach. There were three movements that opposed Ibn Saud at that time, namely the Hijaz National Party, the Ikhwan movement and the Hijaz Liberation Party. Nevertheless, the struggle of all these movements eventually failed and was successfully removed by Ibn Saud starting with the banning of the HNP in 1926, followed by the decline of the Brotherhood movement in the early 1930s. The establishment of the state of Saudi Arabia in 1932 succeeded in challenging the HLP struggle leading to the banning of the movement in 1936.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42729401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.22
Z. Zulfadli
The rise of Islamic conservatism in post-New Order Indonesia is related to strengthening religious attitudes and understandings in religion. However, it has several socio-economic, political, theological implications and significant challenges to democracy and diversity in Indonesia. The presence of Islamic conservatism groups and the development of identity politics have resulted in the religious conservatism movement having a significant influence on society. This book is the latest study explaining Islamic conservatism, focusing on discussing Islamic groups and identity politics at the national, regional, and local levels. Conservative groups use religion as a vehicle in expressing their identity and respond to social, political, and economic issues as part of their political aspirations. The activities of Islamic conservatism groups have changed the face of Indonesian Islam from an inclusive-moderate pattern to an exclusive-literal orientation.
{"title":"Leonard C. Sebastian, Syaq Hasyim and Alexander R. Arifianto (eds.) (2021). Rising Islamic Conservatism in Indonesia Islamic Groups and Identity Politics. London & New York: Routledge. 230 Pages. ISBN: 978-1-003-01092-0","authors":"Z. Zulfadli","doi":"10.22452/jat.vol18no1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol18no1.22","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of Islamic conservatism in post-New Order Indonesia is related to strengthening religious attitudes and understandings in religion. However, it has several socio-economic, political, theological implications and significant challenges to democracy and diversity in Indonesia. The presence of Islamic conservatism groups and the development of identity politics have resulted in the religious conservatism movement having a significant influence on society. This book is the latest study explaining Islamic conservatism, focusing on discussing Islamic groups and identity politics at the national, regional, and local levels. Conservative groups use religion as a vehicle in expressing their identity and respond to social, political, and economic issues as part of their political aspirations. The activities of Islamic conservatism groups have changed the face of Indonesian Islam from an inclusive-moderate pattern to an exclusive-literal orientation.","PeriodicalId":40895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Al-Tamaddun","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42507728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.22452/jat.vol18no1.23
H. Çaksen
Major Arthur Glyn Leonard (1856-1939) was a soldier, ethnographer, and Rhodesian pioneer. However, he was far from typical in racial outlook of his fellow Rhodesian pioneers underlined in his book, entitled “Islam. Her Moral and Spiritual Value. A Rational and Psychological Study.” A flattering foreword was noted to the book by Syed Ameer Ali (1849-1928), order of the star of India, an Indian/British Indian jurist, a prominent political leader, and author of a number of influential books on Muslim history and the modern development of Islam.
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