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The theatre of cruelty and the limits of representation: Sade/Salò 残酷的戏剧和表现的极限:Sade/Salò
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1386/JAFP_00031_1
Magda Romanska
When first released in 1975, Salò or the 120 Days of Sodom, directed by the already-notorious Italian director Pier Paolo Pasolini, aroused instant controversy. As a framework for its plot, Salò took the infamous 500-page novel by the Marquis de Sade, 120 Days of Sodom. In de Sade’s novel, four libertines, President de Curval, the Duc de Blangis, Durcet and the Bishop of X, sign a contract whose main clause is commitment to breaking as many taboos as they can possibly think of. With sixteen youths, eight girls and eight boys, servants, guards and four procurers and ex-prostitutes, the libertines isolate themselves in a remote chateau to re-enact their every fantasy. Filming Salò, Pasolini’s goal was to remain faithful to Sade’s novel. The characters, events and structure of the story remain the same. The more controversial aspect of the film, however, was Pasolini’s idea of relocating Sade’s novel into the actual historical context of the fascist Republic of Salò. For Pasolini, the gesture of moving Sade to Salò was to draw an actual analogy between the fascism and sadism. For some critics, the parallel between fascism and sadism was unfortunate exactly because it presented fascism, a real and palpable phenomenon, as an abstraction (the way that Sade’s world functions).
1975年,由臭名昭著的意大利导演皮耶·保罗·帕索里尼执导的《Salò》(又名《索多玛120天》)首次上映时,立即引起了争议。Salò以萨德侯爵那本臭名昭著的500页小说《索多玛的120天》为情节框架。在萨德的小说中,四个浪子,德库瓦尔总统、布兰吉斯公爵、杜塞和X主教,签订了一份契约,其主要条款是承诺尽可能打破他们所能想到的禁忌。这对放荡的夫妇带着16个年轻人,8个女孩和8个男孩,仆人,警卫,4个皮条客和前妓女,把自己隔离在一个偏僻的城堡里,重现他们的每一个幻想。拍摄《Salò》时,帕索里尼的目标是忠实于萨德的小说。人物、事件和故事结构保持不变。然而,这部电影更有争议的方面是,帕索里尼想把萨德的小说重新置于法西斯共和国Salò的实际历史背景中。对帕索里尼来说,把萨德转移到Salò的举动是在法西斯主义和施虐主义之间画出一个实际的类比。对一些批评家来说,把法西斯主义和施虐主义相提并论是不幸的,因为它把法西斯主义,一个真实而明显的现象,作为一种抽象(萨德的世界运作的方式)。
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引用次数: 0
‘I was your slave’: Revisioning kinship in Toni Morrison and Rokia Traoré’s Desdemona “我是你的奴隶”:重新审视托妮·莫里森和罗基娅·特劳弗瑞的《苔丝狄蒙娜》中的亲属关系
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1386/JAFP_00030_1
V. Rapetti
This article offers a critical reading of Desdemona (2012), a cross-cultural theatre adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Othello staged by American theatre and opera director Peter Sellars, with texts by African American Nobel laureate Toni Morrison and music and lyrics by Malian singer-songwriter Rokia Traoré. By drawing on early modern race studies and Marshall Sahlin’s notion of ‘mutuality of being’, the article discusses Morrison’s lyrical prose as well as Traoré’s songs and performance to show how they merge and amplify one another in Sellars’ meditative staging to jointly rearticulate early modern notions of race, kinship and family embedded in Othello. By questioning what lies dormant, unseen and unheard in the Shakespearean tragedy, Desdemona supplements it with what Imtiaz Habib has termed ‘imprints of the invisible’ and invites its readers and audiences to ponder the onset of European colonialism, the slave trade, colour-based racism and their global aftermath, positing theatre as a metaphor for other civic, shared spaces where honest conversations about race, gender and class inequalities can open up a path to healing and reconciliation.
本文对《苔丝狄蒙娜》(2012)进行了批判性解读。《苔丝狄蒙娜》是一部跨文化戏剧,由美国戏剧和歌剧导演彼得·塞拉斯执导,改编自威廉·莎士比亚的《奥赛罗》,剧本由非裔美国诺贝尔奖得主托尼·莫里森担任,配乐和歌词由马里创作型歌手罗基亚·特罗瑞尔担任。通过借鉴早期现代种族研究和马歇尔·萨林的“存在的相互性”概念,本文讨论了莫里森的抒情散文以及traorsov的歌曲和表演,以展示他们如何在塞拉斯的冥想舞台中相互融合和放大,共同重新阐明奥赛罗中嵌入的早期现代种族,亲属关系和家庭概念。通过质疑莎士比亚悲剧中隐藏的、看不见的和听不见的东西,苔丝狄蒙娜用Imtiaz Habib所说的“看不见的印记”来补充它,并邀请读者和观众思考欧洲殖民主义的起源、奴隶贸易、基于肤色的种族主义及其全球后果,将戏剧作为其他公民共享空间的隐喻,在这里,关于种族、性别和阶级不平等的诚实对话可以开辟一条治愈与和解的道路。
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引用次数: 0
Singing back to the Bard: A conversation on Desdemona with Rokia Traoré 回到吟游诗人:关于苔丝狄蒙娜和罗基娅·特罗瑞尔的对话
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1386/JAFP_00035_7
V. Rapetti
Rokia Traoré is a Malian singer, guitarist and composer, known worldwide for her artistic syncretism and political activism. Her distinctive style blends elements of traditional Malian music with blues, folk and rock to address contemporary geopolitical and humanitarian issues. She is the artistic director of Fondation Passerelle, a non-profit organization she founded in 2006 to support young African singers and musicians by offering them high-quality professional training and work opportunities in the music industry. In this interview, she discusses her experience as songwriter and performer in Desdemona (2012), a cross-cultural theatre adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Othello staged by American director Peter Sellars, with texts by African American Nobel Laureate Toni Morrison, sharing some intimate memories and elaborating freely on the role of performers and the importance of focused listening in live stage productions.
Rokia traor是一位马里歌手、吉他手和作曲家,以其艺术融合和政治激进主义而闻名于世。她独特的风格融合了传统马里音乐与蓝调,民谣和摇滚的元素,以解决当代地缘政治和人道主义问题。她是Passerelle基金会的艺术总监,该基金会是她于2006年创立的非营利组织,旨在通过为年轻的非洲歌手和音乐家提供高质量的专业培训和音乐行业的工作机会来支持他们。在这次采访中,她讨论了自己在《苔丝狄蒙娜》(2012)中作为词曲作者和表演者的经历。《苔丝狄蒙娜》是由美国导演彼得·塞拉斯(Peter Sellars)执导的跨文化戏剧,改编自威廉·莎士比亚的《奥赛罗》,剧本由非裔美国诺贝尔奖得主托尼·莫里森(Toni Morrison)撰写。她分享了一些亲密的记忆,并自由地阐述了表演者的角色以及专注倾听在现场舞台制作中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple authorship in Anna Karenina (1935): Adapting Tolstoy’s literary classic in the Hollywood studio era 《安娜·卡列尼娜》(1935)的多重作者身份:在好莱坞电影工作室时代改编托尔斯泰的文学经典
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1386/JAFP_00028_1
Milan Hain
Among the numerous film adaptations of Anna Karenina, the 1935 version produced by David O. Selznick for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer remains one of the most acclaimed and celebrated – undoubtedly owing to its high production values and the performance and ‘star presence’ of the legendary Greta Garbo. However, the film has also been criticized for distorting and simplifying Tolstoy’s literary classic. In this article, I focus on the process of transposing Anna Karenina into the Hollywood screen version, locating causes of the adaptation process in extra-textual factors. Specifically, I address the economic and industry discourse represented by the MGM studio and its house style; the censorship discourse represented by the Production Code Administration, Hollywood’s self-regulatory body headed by Joseph Breen; and the star discourse represented by Garbo. In the process, I identify and describe the industrial, economic and cultural determinants which brought about MGM’s version of Anna Karenina. At the same time, by perceiving Selznick, Breen and Garbo as co-authors of the film, I redefine and complicate the issue of authorship.
在众多改编自《安娜·卡列尼娜》的电影中,1935年由大卫·o·塞尔兹尼克为米高梅公司制作的版本仍然是最受欢迎和最著名的电影之一——毫无疑问,这要归功于它的高制作价值,以及传奇人物葛丽泰·嘉宝的表演和“明星形象”。然而,这部电影也因扭曲和简化托尔斯泰的文学经典而受到批评。本文主要研究《安娜·卡列尼娜》在好莱坞银幕上的改编过程,从文本外因素中找出改编过程的原因。具体来说,我将讨论以米高梅工作室及其内部风格为代表的经济和行业话语;以约瑟夫·布林(Joseph Breen)为首的好莱坞自我监管机构制片代码管理局(Production Code Administration)为代表的审查话语;以及以嘉宝为代表的明星话语。在此过程中,我确定并描述了米高梅版《安娜·卡列尼娜》的工业、经济和文化决定因素。与此同时,通过将塞尔兹尼克、布林和嘉宝视为这部电影的共同作者,我重新定义了作者身份的问题,并使之复杂化。
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引用次数: 0
Channelling the dead: A conversation on Desdemona with Tina Benko 通灵死者:与蒂娜·本科关于苔丝狄蒙娜的对话
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1386/JAFP_00033_7
V. Rapetti
Tina Benko is an American stage, screen and television actress who has steadily trodden the Broadway boards for twenty years while starring in films and TV series and teaching acting and movement in New York City. An intensely focused and versatile performer, Benko has played in a broad variety of genres, ranging from screwball and Shakespearean comedies to realistic Russian, Scandinavian and American plays. In this interview, she discusses the factors that attracted her to drama and theatre, her acting training and approach to character-building, and theatre as a space for healing and reconciliation as she experienced it while working in Desdemona (2012), a cross-cultural theatre adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Othello staged by American theatre and opera director Peter Sellars, with texts by African American Nobel Laureate Toni Morrison, and music and lyrics by Malian singer-songwriter Rokia Traoré.
蒂娜·本科是一位美国舞台、银幕和电视女演员,她在百老汇舞台上稳稳地走了20年,同时还主演电影和电视剧,并在纽约市教授表演和运动。Benko是一位非常专注和多才多艺的表演者,他出演过各种类型的戏剧,从怪诞喜剧和莎士比亚喜剧到现实主义的俄罗斯、斯堪的纳维亚和美国戏剧。在这次采访中,她讨论了吸引她进入戏剧和戏剧的因素,她的表演训练和塑造角色的方法,以及戏剧作为治疗和和解的空间,因为她在《苔丝狄蒙娜》(2012)中工作时经历了这一点。《苔丝狄蒙娜》是由美国戏剧和歌剧导演彼得·塞拉斯(Peter Sellars)执导的改编自威廉·莎士比亚的《奥赛罗》的跨文化戏剧,文本由非裔美国人诺贝尔奖得主托尼·莫里森(Toni Morrison)撰写。音乐和歌词由马里创作歌手Rokia traor创作。
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引用次数: 1
‘Variations on a scale’: British Music Hall and instances of adaptation as performance “音阶变奏曲”:英国音乐厅和改编演出的实例
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-05-20 DOI: 10.1386/jafp_00066_1
K. Krebs
This article explores and extends the capacity of the framework of inclusion and exclusion as adhered to and cultivated by the core of the field of adaptation studies. Investigating the focus on the textual, this article is a consideration of the role and position of the textual in the discourse of adaptation studies before considering three different types of adaptation in performance in Victorian Music Hall where the adaptation of the textual as well as the non-textual form a common base for a variety, if not majority, of performances. Considering popular performance outside of the confines of the theatre offers examples of adaptations based on textualities and those beyond textualities as well as a combination of the two. Examples analysed include the singer Marie Lloyd, who is probably most widely known as a Music Hall star outside of the confines of theatre history, the magician William Elsworth Robinson aka Chung Ling Soo and monkey-man Harvey Teasdale. Such opening-up of adaptation studies’ textual focus will subsequently allow a flexing, a keeping supple of any framework of inclusion and exclusion constructed.
本文对适应研究核心领域所坚持和培育的包容与排斥框架的能力进行了探索和拓展。本文考察了对文本的关注,首先考虑了文本在改编研究话语中的作用和地位,然后考虑了维多利亚音乐厅演出中三种不同类型的改编,其中文本的改编和非文本的改编构成了多种(如果不是大多数的话)演出的共同基础。考虑到剧院范围之外的流行表演,提供了基于文本和超越文本的改编以及两者结合的例子。分析的例子包括歌手玛丽·劳埃德(Marie Lloyd),她可能是戏剧史范围之外最广为人知的音乐厅明星,魔术师威廉·埃尔斯沃思·罗宾逊(又名钟林秀)和猴子人哈维·蒂斯代尔(Harvey Teasdale)。这种对适应研究文本焦点的开放,将允许对所构建的任何包容和排斥框架进行灵活、灵活的调整。
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引用次数: 0
Claude Jutra’s Surfacing (1981) through visual spectacles: Framing female body, voyeurism and paranoia 克劳德·朱特拉的《透过视觉眼镜的表面》(1981):框定女性身体、窥阴癖和偏执
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1386/jafp_00020_1
Nausheen Ishaque, Saba Riaz
This article examines Claude Jutra’s 1981 film adaptation of Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing in terms of its focus on female body, voyeurism and paranoia. The psychoanalytic perspective of the feminist film theory, with its emphasis on visual pleasure, narcissism, the male gaze, scopophilia, fetishization of the female, the oedipal nature of the narrative and female subjectivity, provides a pragmatic groundwork for the theoretical underpinning of this study. In the same way, the film apparatus, such as editing and camera work, provides a semiotic impetus to the spectator to identify with the perfect male, and not with the distorted female. With its focus on various scenes, generic codes and aspects of the film, the paper furthermore sees how Jutra’s production validates the prejudices of the classical film narrative in the context of the female image, sexual difference, female desire and stereotyped female paranoia. Despite its narrative focus on the quest of a female protagonist, Jutra’s film conforms to the traditional model of the classical cinema wherein the woman is no more than a signifier ‐ an entity that signifies things in relation to men only.
本文从克劳德·朱特拉1981年改编自玛格丽特·阿特伍德小说《浮出水面》的电影对女性身体、窥阴癖和偏执的关注入手,对这部电影进行了分析。女性主义电影理论的精神分析视角强调视觉愉悦、自恋、男性凝视、窥镜癖、女性拜物教、叙事的俄狄浦斯本质和女性主体性,为本研究的理论基础提供了实用主义基础。同样,电影设备,如剪辑和摄影工作,提供了一种符号学的推动力,让观众认同完美的男性,而不是扭曲的女性。本文通过对电影的各种场景、通用代码和方面的关注,进一步探讨了Jutra的作品如何在女性形象、性别差异、女性欲望和刻板女性偏执的背景下验证经典电影叙事的偏见。尽管影片的叙事重点是女性主角的追求,但Jutra的电影符合古典电影的传统模式,其中女性只不过是一个能指——一个只与男性有关的事物的实体。
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引用次数: 0
Revitalising the Liang-Zhu legend: Edward Lam Dance Theatre’s postdramatic Art School Musical (2014)1 重振梁柱传奇:林奕华舞团后戏剧艺术学院音乐剧(2014
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1386/jafp_00022_1
Li Liang
Hong Kong Theatre director Edward Lam has established close association with an ensemble of Taiwanese actors, collaborating on almost every production since Madame Bovary is Me (Baofali furen men, 2006) and touring to Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mainland China. This article examines Lam’s unique working pattern through the analysis of Art School Musical (Successors to Liang and Zhu, Liang Zhu de jichengzhe men, 2014), the 54th production by the Edward Lam Dance Theatre (ELDT). Inspired by the famous Chinese legend The Butterfly Lovers (Liang Shanbo yu Zhu Yingtai), Lam created a postdramatic musical as a Bildungsroman in a format of classroom drama. The love story underwent a poetic transformation through the lyrics and music. The ELDT version of the Liang-Zhu legend carries Lam’s criticism of the stereotypes assigned to young people in patriarchal societies and allows him to elevate the love story into an allegory of one’s quest for the meaning of life.
香港戏剧导演林奕华与台湾演员建立了密切的合作关系,自《包法利夫人是我》(2006年)以来,他几乎合作了每一部作品,并在台湾、香港和中国大陆巡回演出。本文通过分析林德华舞蹈剧院(ELDT)的第54部作品《艺术学校音乐剧》(《梁与朱的接班人》,《梁与朱的人生》,2014)来考察林德华独特的创作模式。林超贤以中国著名的传说《梁山伯与祝英台》为灵感,以教室戏剧的形式创作了一部后戏剧音乐剧,作为成长小说。这个爱情故事通过歌词和音乐经历了诗意的转变。在ELDT版的梁珠传说中,林超贤对父权社会中年轻人的刻板印象提出了批评,并将这个爱情故事提升为一个人对生命意义的追求的寓言。
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引用次数: 0
How The Pink Panther came alive and how The Thin Man grew fatter: Hungry franchises and the adaptation industry 《粉红豹》是如何复活的,《瘦子》是如何变胖的:饥饿系列电影和改编电影产业
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1386/jafp_00023_1
Wieland Schwanebeck
While entertainment franchises are usually not associated with engaging in adaptive work in the traditional sense of the term, the sheer necessity of creating new material for serialised properties makes adaptive work a necessity. Frequently, franchises will absorb other material, an aspect that has so far been neglected in studies of what Simone Murray calls the ‘adaptation industry’. This article discusses two entertainment properties that made a habit of lapping up cinematic trends and other properties in order to feed their appetite as ‘hungry franchises’: the Thin Man series (1934‐47) and the Pink Panther films (1963‐2009). They exhibit similar adaptive strategies to reconcile contemporary audience expectations and industrial trends with their needs as profitable studio properties. In the process, they also show somewhat Frankenstein-like tendencies towards monstrosity, eventually turning against their own creators.
虽然娱乐特许经营通常与传统意义上的适应性工作无关,但为连载属性创造新材料的绝对必要性使得适应性工作成为必要。通常情况下,特许经营会吸收其他内容,这一点在西蒙·默里(Simone Murray)所谓的“改编产业”的研究中一直被忽视。这篇文章讨论了两种娱乐产品,它们习惯于将电影趋势和其他产品作为“饥饿的特许经营”来满足自己的胃口:瘦人系列(1934 - 47)和粉红豹系列(1963 - 2009)。他们表现出类似的适应性策略,以调和当代观众的期望和工业趋势与他们作为有利可图的工作室财产的需求。在这个过程中,他们也表现出弗兰肯斯坦式的怪物倾向,最终反对自己的创造者。
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引用次数: 0
A theatrical metanarrative of Cervantes’ Don Quixote: Dramaturgy, corporeality and play 塞万提斯《堂吉诃德》的戏剧元叙事:戏剧学、肉体与戏剧
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1386/jafp_00021_1
Olga Kakosimou
In 2018, Efi Birba offered the Greek public a different theatrical version of the famous Cervantes’ novel, Don Quixote. Exclusively profiting the storytelling dynamic of the body, she used playing as the main tool of the literary interpretation and meaningfulness. Her directorial choices removed her from the concept of theatrical adaptation and introduced her into the field of metanarration. In this article, I explore the dramaturgical rhetoric of the performance and the narrative devices being used in. Highlighting the concept of ‘play’ as the main technique, I point out the performative flow as a non-verbal field where the body may not just represent or tell a story, but actually be that story and shift it from one level to another. Questions about corporeal awareness, timing and spatiality are raised, as well as questions about the metanarrative potential of a corporeal performance to translate literary meanings and deepen into allegorical insights and symbolisms.
2018年,埃菲·比尔巴为希腊公众提供了塞万提斯著名小说《堂吉诃德》的另一个戏剧版本。她充分利用身体的叙事动力,将演奏作为文学阐释和意义表达的主要工具。她的导演选择使她摆脱了戏剧改编的概念,并将她引入了元叙事领域。在这篇文章中,我探讨了表演的戏剧修辞和叙事手段的使用。强调“游戏”的概念是主要技巧,我指出表演流是一种非语言领域,身体可能不只是代表或讲述一个故事,但实际上是这个故事,并将其从一个层面转移到另一个层面。提出了关于身体意识、时间和空间性的问题,以及关于身体表演的元叙事潜力的问题,以翻译文学意义并深化为寓言见解和象征主义。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Adaptation in Film & Performance
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