Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116652
Saif Ali Kadhim , Rassol Hamed Rasheed , Ahmed Kadhim Hussein , Farhan Lafta Rashid , Ali M. Ashour , Moafaq K.S. Al-Ghezi , Abdallah Bouabidi , Ravishankar Sathyamurthy , Osama Abd Al-Munaf Ibrahim
The growing global scarcity of freshwater, especially in arid and remote regions, has intensified interest in sustainable desalination technologies. Floating solar stills, which operate directly on natural water bodies using solar energy, represent a promising low-cost and off-grid solution for potable water production. This review consolidates recent developments in the design, materials, and operation of floating solar stills, emphasizing their distinctive advantages over conventional land-based systems. The discussion highlights innovative structural concepts such as interfacial evaporation layers, self-floating wicks, and integrated heat recovery configurations that collectively enhance thermal efficiency and freshwater yield. Comparative analysis of recent prototypes reveals significant improvements in evaporation performance and system stability. Persistent challenges—such as salt accumulation, durability under marine conditions, and condensation inefficiencies—are outlined along with future perspectives for scalable, hybrid, and multi-functional floating solar still systems. The review aims to provide a clear roadmap for advancing floating solar still technology toward practical, cost-effective, and sustainable freshwater generation in diverse aquatic environments.
{"title":"Floating solar stills: A state-of-art review","authors":"Saif Ali Kadhim , Rassol Hamed Rasheed , Ahmed Kadhim Hussein , Farhan Lafta Rashid , Ali M. Ashour , Moafaq K.S. Al-Ghezi , Abdallah Bouabidi , Ravishankar Sathyamurthy , Osama Abd Al-Munaf Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing global scarcity of freshwater, especially in arid and remote regions, has intensified interest in sustainable desalination technologies. Floating solar stills, which operate directly on natural water bodies using solar energy, represent a promising low-cost and off-grid solution for potable water production. This review consolidates recent developments in the design, materials, and operation of floating solar stills, emphasizing their distinctive advantages over conventional land-based systems. The discussion highlights innovative structural concepts such as interfacial evaporation layers, self-floating wicks, and integrated heat recovery configurations that collectively enhance thermal efficiency and freshwater yield. Comparative analysis of recent prototypes reveals significant improvements in evaporation performance and system stability. Persistent challenges—such as salt accumulation, durability under marine conditions, and condensation inefficiencies—are outlined along with future perspectives for scalable, hybrid, and multi-functional floating solar still systems. The review aims to provide a clear roadmap for advancing floating solar still technology toward practical, cost-effective, and sustainable freshwater generation in diverse aquatic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116652"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116659
Haixing Gou , Chao Ma , Weiwen Liu
Energy and water are tightly coupled resources whose interactions shape economic development, ecological security, and climate resilience. Yet, existing studies about water-energy nexus remain fragmented, often focusing on isolated mechanisms, single scales, or sector-specific interventions, limiting their capacity to inform integrated governance. This review synthesizes the concept evolution, methodological progress, and application pathways of water-energy nexus research, and critically identifies four progressively interconnected research domains: resource dependency accounting, interaction network characterization, dynamic evolution assessment, and coordinated optimization and decision-making. To facilitate the methodological integration, we propose the novel Evaluation-Optimization Pathway for Water-Energy Systems (EOP-WES), a modular, extensible, and interpretable analytical framework that unifies dispersed modeling practices into a coherent pathway. EOP-WES provides clear, stepwise guidance on how to move from nexus dependency diagnosis to causal interaction mapping, scenario-based risk assessment, and ultimately cross-sector optimization and actionable strategies. To illustrate its applicability, we present a basin-scale conceptual example for the Yellow River Basin, demonstrating how EOP-WES can be instantiated in complex, multi-resource nexus system. Upon the EOP-WES framework, we outline key research challenges and future directions, emphasizing (i) water-energy co-management under decarbonization policies, (ii) vulnerability identification and adaptive scheduling under climate extremes, and (iii) cross-sectoral, cross-scale pathways for knowledge translation and policy integration. Collectively, these contributions provide a unified paradigm for advancing theoretical innovation, methodological integration, and policy relevance in sustaining water and energy security under deep uncertainty and transformative change.
{"title":"Paradigm shift in water-energy nexus: Cognitive reconstruction and methodological innovation from resource dependency to system coupling","authors":"Haixing Gou , Chao Ma , Weiwen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy and water are tightly coupled resources whose interactions shape economic development, ecological security, and climate resilience. Yet, existing studies about water-energy nexus remain fragmented, often focusing on isolated mechanisms, single scales, or sector-specific interventions, limiting their capacity to inform integrated governance. This review synthesizes the concept evolution, methodological progress, and application pathways of water-energy nexus research, and critically identifies four progressively interconnected research domains: resource dependency accounting, interaction network characterization, dynamic evolution assessment, and coordinated optimization and decision-making. To facilitate the methodological integration, we propose the novel Evaluation-Optimization Pathway for Water-Energy Systems (EOP-WES), a modular, extensible, and interpretable analytical framework that unifies dispersed modeling practices into a coherent pathway. EOP-WES provides clear, stepwise guidance on how to move from nexus dependency diagnosis to causal interaction mapping, scenario-based risk assessment, and ultimately cross-sector optimization and actionable strategies. To illustrate its applicability, we present a basin-scale conceptual example for the Yellow River Basin, demonstrating how EOP-WES can be instantiated in complex, multi-resource nexus system. Upon the EOP-WES framework, we outline key research challenges and future directions, emphasizing (i) water-energy co-management under decarbonization policies, (ii) vulnerability identification and adaptive scheduling under climate extremes, and (iii) cross-sectoral, cross-scale pathways for knowledge translation and policy integration. Collectively, these contributions provide a unified paradigm for advancing theoretical innovation, methodological integration, and policy relevance in sustaining water and energy security under deep uncertainty and transformative change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116659"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116631
Rohtash Goswami , Ranjan Das , Sayantan Ganguly , Christos N. Markides , Kai Luo , Shayan Aflatounian , Kaushik Chettiar , Nenad Miljkovic
The global energy transition emphasizes emission reduction, energy efficiency, and renewable integration. However, according to the second law of thermodynamics, all energy conversion systems inherently lose a portion of input energy as waste heat, representing a vast, underutilized resource for sustainable power generation and efficiency enhancement. Earlier studies focused solely on material-specific advancements or single-source applications. This study provides a comprehensive and integrative assessment of thermoelectric generator (TEG) heat recovery systems, encompassing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML)-assisted materials design, techno-economic analysis, multi-physics modeling, dynamic system performance under different feasible heat sources, critical challenges and future approaches. The review begins with an in-depth assessment of diverse waste heat sources, including solar ponds, photovoltaic cells, cookstoves, biomass gasifiers, automotive engines, and industrial processes. It highlights suitable semiconductor materials across broad temperature ranges and systematically discusses recent advancements in TEG systems design, optimization, and performance enhancement for efficient waste heat recovery. The performance of TEGs highlights that Bi2Te3-based compounds remain ideal for low temperature heat sources while PbTe, skutterudites, and Mg3Sb2 alloys perform efficiently with mid-temperature sources. Integration of AI/ML, and multiphysics simulation has accelerated design optimization, improved prediction accuracy, and reduced computational cost. Hybrid configurations of TEGs with photovoltaic cells, biomass-driven systems, and automotive engines demonstrate strong potential in improving fuel efficiency, reducing emissions, and enhancing energy utilization. Despite the inherent advantages, commercialization remains limited by material costs and moderate conversion efficiencies. Therefore, future research needs to focus on scalable manufacturing, recyclable and non-toxic materials, and hybrid system integration. Aligning with circular economy principles, next-generation TEG systems will contribute significantly to global decarbonization and sustainable energy transitions. This review offers a unified roadmap connecting scientific, engineering, and economic insights toward real-life deployment of efficient, durable, and eco-friendly TEG technologies.
{"title":"Progress in the design and development of thermoelectric generator heat recovery systems: A comprehensive review","authors":"Rohtash Goswami , Ranjan Das , Sayantan Ganguly , Christos N. Markides , Kai Luo , Shayan Aflatounian , Kaushik Chettiar , Nenad Miljkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global energy transition emphasizes emission reduction, energy efficiency, and renewable integration. However, according to the second law of thermodynamics, all energy conversion systems inherently lose a portion of input energy as waste heat, representing a vast, underutilized resource for sustainable power generation and efficiency enhancement. Earlier studies focused solely on material-specific advancements or single-source applications. This study provides a comprehensive and integrative assessment of thermoelectric generator (TEG) heat recovery systems, encompassing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML)-assisted materials design, techno-economic analysis, multi-physics modeling, dynamic system performance under different feasible heat sources, critical challenges and future approaches. The review begins with an in-depth assessment of diverse waste heat sources, including solar ponds, photovoltaic cells, cookstoves, biomass gasifiers, automotive engines, and industrial processes. It highlights suitable semiconductor materials across broad temperature ranges and systematically discusses recent advancements in TEG systems design, optimization, and performance enhancement for efficient waste heat recovery. The performance of TEGs highlights that Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-based compounds remain ideal for low temperature heat sources while PbTe, skutterudites, and Mg<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub> alloys perform efficiently with mid-temperature sources. Integration of AI/ML, and multiphysics simulation has accelerated design optimization, improved prediction accuracy, and reduced computational cost. Hybrid configurations of TEGs with photovoltaic cells, biomass-driven systems, and automotive engines demonstrate strong potential in improving fuel efficiency, reducing emissions, and enhancing energy utilization. Despite the inherent advantages, commercialization remains limited by material costs and moderate conversion efficiencies. Therefore, future research needs to focus on scalable manufacturing, recyclable and non-toxic materials, and hybrid system integration. Aligning with circular economy principles, next-generation TEG systems will contribute significantly to global decarbonization and sustainable energy transitions. This review offers a unified roadmap connecting scientific, engineering, and economic insights toward real-life deployment of efficient, durable, and eco-friendly TEG technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116631"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transportation sector is vital to society, and its sustainable development is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which emphasize social equity, economic stability, and environmental protection. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices, serving as sustainable development at the corporate level, contribute to the global SDGs achievement. Nonetheless, existing studies often generalize ESG indicators across industries, overlooking sector-specific needs and SDG alignment in the transportation sector. To address this gap, this study constructs a customized ESG indicator system, Trans-ESG-SDG, tailored to the transportation industry using a mixed-methods approach that combines a systematic literature review with a case analysis of four international railway companies. The novel ESG indicator system identifies 28 key indicators (9 environmental, 12 social, and 7 governance) and maps them explicitly to the SDGs, considering temporal coordination, systemic interactions, and practical implementation challenges. The result reveals that the current academic researches take “Policy innovation”, “Employee right”, “Relationship with stakeholders” and “ESG disclosure” as necessary indicators. On the contrary, “Pollution prevention”, “Diversity and equal opportunity”, “Health and safety” and “Fair operating practices” attract most attention in the practical transportation industry. While the ESG indicator system provides practical guidance, limitations persist in data availability, indicator granularity, and cross-sector applicability. Future research is recommended to develop third-level indicators, explore regional variations, and validate the framework empirically across transportation sub-sectors.
{"title":"A critical review of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices in the transportation sector: How does it contribute to SDGs?","authors":"Haoran Ma, Shengfang Lu, Carman K.M. Lee, Md Abdul Moktadir, Jingzheng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transportation sector is vital to society, and its sustainable development is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which emphasize social equity, economic stability, and environmental protection. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices, serving as sustainable development at the corporate level, contribute to the global SDGs achievement. Nonetheless, existing studies often generalize ESG indicators across industries, overlooking sector-specific needs and SDG alignment in the transportation sector. To address this gap, this study constructs a customized ESG indicator system, Trans-ESG-SDG, tailored to the transportation industry using a mixed-methods approach that combines a systematic literature review with a case analysis of four international railway companies. The novel ESG indicator system identifies 28 key indicators (9 environmental, 12 social, and 7 governance) and maps them explicitly to the SDGs, considering temporal coordination, systemic interactions, and practical implementation challenges. The result reveals that the current academic researches take “Policy innovation”, “Employee right”, “Relationship with stakeholders” and “ESG disclosure” as necessary indicators. On the contrary, “Pollution prevention”, “Diversity and equal opportunity”, “Health and safety” and “Fair operating practices” attract most attention in the practical transportation industry. While the ESG indicator system provides practical guidance, limitations persist in data availability, indicator granularity, and cross-sector applicability. Future research is recommended to develop third-level indicators, explore regional variations, and validate the framework empirically across transportation sub-sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116654"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116561
Yijia Zhou, Xing Zheng
Human plays an important role in shaping the air flow in built environments. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have incorporated manikins into Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate human effects on airflow and enable more accurate assessments of thermal comfort and health risks. This paper systematically reviews the modeling techniques and applications of manikin-involved CFD airflow simulation. The modeling techniques are reviewed with a focus on the construction of manikin geometry, grid meshing, CFD model selection, along with the verification and validation process. For applications, the manikin-involved simulation enables researchers to assess thermal comfort and contaminant transmission from a human perspective. This includes tracking exhaled contaminants for air quality assessment, applying heat-balance metrics for thermal comfort analysis, and measuring breathing-zone concentration or inhaled dose to assess health risks. It also allows investigation of certain built environment design-related factors (personalized ventilation, partitions) and human-related factors (occupant distribution/behaviors), and serves as a design tool when integrated with an optimization algorithm. Current manikin-involved CFD studies are limited by oversimplified human behavior and a lack of consideration of outdoor and semi-outdoor scenarios. Extending manikin-involved CFD research to outdoor and semi-outdoor scenarios can deliver a human-centric assessment of outdoor thermal comfort and health risks by addressing complex turbulence and diverse urban factors, while facing challenges in selecting manikin complexity, size of the computational domain, and turbulence modeling approaches to balance the accuracy and computational cost.
{"title":"Manikin-involved CFD modeling and applications for air flow analysis: A comprehensive review","authors":"Yijia Zhou, Xing Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human plays an important role in shaping the air flow in built environments. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have incorporated manikins into Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate human effects on airflow and enable more accurate assessments of thermal comfort and health risks. This paper systematically reviews the modeling techniques and applications of manikin-involved CFD airflow simulation. The modeling techniques are reviewed with a focus on the construction of manikin geometry, grid meshing, CFD model selection, along with the verification and validation process. For applications, the manikin-involved simulation enables researchers to assess thermal comfort and contaminant transmission from a human perspective. This includes tracking exhaled contaminants for air quality assessment, applying heat-balance metrics for thermal comfort analysis, and measuring breathing-zone concentration or inhaled dose to assess health risks. It also allows investigation of certain built environment design-related factors (personalized ventilation, partitions) and human-related factors (occupant distribution/behaviors), and serves as a design tool when integrated with an optimization algorithm. Current manikin-involved CFD studies are limited by oversimplified human behavior and a lack of consideration of outdoor and semi-outdoor scenarios. Extending manikin-involved CFD research to outdoor and semi-outdoor scenarios can deliver a human-centric assessment of outdoor thermal comfort and health risks by addressing complex turbulence and diverse urban factors, while facing challenges in selecting manikin complexity, size of the computational domain, and turbulence modeling approaches to balance the accuracy and computational cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116561"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116628
Daniel Nframah Ampong , Emmanuel Agyekum , Perseverance Dzikunu , Daniel Ocloo , Isaac Clottey , Patrick Aggrey , Martinson Addo Nartey , Frank Ofori Agyemang , Kwadwo Mensah-Darkwa , Ram K. Gupta
The emergence of hydrogel as a multifunctional material suited for energy storage and environmental remediation is driven by the material's inherent high-water content and structurally stable three-dimensional polymeric crosslinks. This review work provides a comprehensive account of the recent advances in hydrogels. The review will concentrate on the potential of hydrogel as a material for next-generation sustainable technologies in electrochemical and environmental applications. The review tackles a wide range of synthesis methods, including polymerization and crosslinking. More advanced techniques such as microfluidics, 3D printing, and supramolecular self-assembly are also explored. These advanced methods are amenable to property tuning of the hydrogel to modify properties such as sensitivity, conductivity, and mechanical strength. The basic features of hydrogels, such as swelling, ionic transport, chemical stability, and functionalizability, are explored in terms of reported improved performance for advanced applications. This review outlines the recent progress in developing and applying hydrogels in electrochemical energy systems, from advanced processes in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, and emerging applications in redox flow batteries. Furthermore, we investigate the potential application of hydrogel in environmental remediation, tracking its use in heavy metal and organic pollutant adsorption in wastewater treatment. The review concludes by addressing challenges such as long-term stability, scalability, and environmental safety, while also identifying future opportunities in bioinspired design, smart hydrogel integration, and circular material strategies.
{"title":"Harnessing hydrogels for electrochemical energy and environmental sustainability","authors":"Daniel Nframah Ampong , Emmanuel Agyekum , Perseverance Dzikunu , Daniel Ocloo , Isaac Clottey , Patrick Aggrey , Martinson Addo Nartey , Frank Ofori Agyemang , Kwadwo Mensah-Darkwa , Ram K. Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of hydrogel as a multifunctional material suited for energy storage and environmental remediation is driven by the material's inherent high-water content and structurally stable three-dimensional polymeric crosslinks. This review work provides a comprehensive account of the recent advances in hydrogels. The review will concentrate on the potential of hydrogel as a material for next-generation sustainable technologies in electrochemical and environmental applications. The review tackles a wide range of synthesis methods, including polymerization and crosslinking. More advanced techniques such as microfluidics, 3D printing, and supramolecular self-assembly are also explored. These advanced methods are amenable to property tuning of the hydrogel to modify properties such as sensitivity, conductivity, and mechanical strength. The basic features of hydrogels, such as swelling, ionic transport, chemical stability, and functionalizability, are explored in terms of reported improved performance for advanced applications. This review outlines the recent progress in developing and applying hydrogels in electrochemical energy systems, from advanced processes in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, and emerging applications in redox flow batteries. Furthermore, we investigate the potential application of hydrogel in environmental remediation, tracking its use in heavy metal and organic pollutant adsorption in wastewater treatment. The review concludes by addressing challenges such as long-term stability, scalability, and environmental safety, while also identifying future opportunities in bioinspired design, smart hydrogel integration, and circular material strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116628"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116662
Hyuna Kang, Dahyun Jung, Jinwoo Choi, Taehoon Hong
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) play a critical role in enhancing the sustainability, flexibility, and resilience of future urban energy systems. As intelligent cyber-physical platforms, digital twin (DT) technologies are emerging as enablers of smart and adaptive energy management through real-time monitoring, predictive control, and life-cycle optimization. However, existing studies and applications of DT-driven BESS remains fragmented across spatial scales, often limited to isolated building- or community applications with low interoperability and scalability. This study presents a systematic review of DT-driven BESS technologies across three spatial scales — building, community, and city — through a comprehensive review of 640 publications. The results identify cross-scale limitations related to data interoperability, control integration, and integrative governance, despite rapid progress in predictive control, real-time optimization, and energy sharing within each scale. To address these gaps, this study proposes a multi-scale technology roadmap and city-scale integrated architecture for scalable DT-driven BESS tailored to advance scalable, interoperable, and policy-linked digital twin systems for energy storage. The proposed roadmap defines short-, mid-, and long-term development directions, emphasizing real-time data synchronization, alignment of bottom-up and top-down control, and the design of interoperable architectures that bridge different spatial levels. This study provides a strategic foundation for the evolution of DT-driven BESS from isolated control tools to intelligent infrastructures that enhance urban energy resilience, carbon neutrality, and the achievement of smart energy policy objectives.
{"title":"Scaling and integrating digital twin applications for battery energy storage systems from building to city","authors":"Hyuna Kang, Dahyun Jung, Jinwoo Choi, Taehoon Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) play a critical role in enhancing the sustainability, flexibility, and resilience of future urban energy systems. As intelligent cyber-physical platforms, digital twin (DT) technologies are emerging as enablers of smart and adaptive energy management through real-time monitoring, predictive control, and life-cycle optimization. However, existing studies and applications of DT-driven BESS remains fragmented across spatial scales, often limited to isolated building- or community applications with low interoperability and scalability. This study presents a systematic review of DT-driven BESS technologies across three spatial scales — building, community, and city — through a comprehensive review of 640 publications. The results identify cross-scale limitations related to data interoperability, control integration, and integrative governance, despite rapid progress in predictive control, real-time optimization, and energy sharing within each scale. To address these gaps, this study proposes a multi-scale technology roadmap and city-scale integrated architecture for scalable DT-driven BESS tailored to advance scalable, interoperable, and policy-linked digital twin systems for energy storage. The proposed roadmap defines short-, mid-, and long-term development directions, emphasizing real-time data synchronization, alignment of bottom-up and top-down control, and the design of interoperable architectures that bridge different spatial levels. This study provides a strategic foundation for the evolution of DT-driven BESS from isolated control tools to intelligent infrastructures that enhance urban energy resilience, carbon neutrality, and the achievement of smart energy policy objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116662"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116632
Lakshmi Devaraj
This review comprehensively examines functional thin-film interlayers that play a pivotal role in advancing all-solid-state battery (ASB) technology by stabilizing solid–solid interfaces, enhancing ionic conductivity, and suppressing dendrite formation. It systematically discusses metal-based, non-metallic, and composite interlayer materials, correlating their physicochemical characteristics with electrochemical performance. Emerging deposition strategies, including atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and additive manufacturing, are analyzed with respect to coating uniformity, scalability, and structural compliance. Computational approaches—such as density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD), and finite element analysis (FEA)—are highlighted for their ability to predict interfacial behavior, guide material selection, and accelerate design optimization. The review also explores cross-chemistry applicability of these interfacial strategies to non-lithium systems, including Na-, Mg-, and Zn-based ASBs. Finally, recent innovations, current limitations, and prospects for scalable fabrication are summarized, providing a unified mechanistic perspective toward the development of durable, high-performance, and sustainable solid-state energy storage systems.
{"title":"Thin-film interlayer architectures for superior all-solid-state battery performance","authors":"Lakshmi Devaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review comprehensively examines functional thin-film interlayers that play a pivotal role in advancing all-solid-state battery (ASB) technology by stabilizing solid–solid interfaces, enhancing ionic conductivity, and suppressing dendrite formation. It systematically discusses metal-based, non-metallic, and composite interlayer materials, correlating their physicochemical characteristics with electrochemical performance. Emerging deposition strategies, including atomic layer deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and additive manufacturing, are analyzed with respect to coating uniformity, scalability, and structural compliance. Computational approaches—such as density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD), and finite element analysis (FEA)—are highlighted for their ability to predict interfacial behavior, guide material selection, and accelerate design optimization. The review also explores cross-chemistry applicability of these interfacial strategies to non-lithium systems, including Na-, Mg-, and Zn-based ASBs. Finally, recent innovations, current limitations, and prospects for scalable fabrication are summarized, providing a unified mechanistic perspective toward the development of durable, high-performance, and sustainable solid-state energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116632"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116661
Yuri Bellone , Enrico Santangelo , Alberto Assirelli , Sebastian Zainali , Giorgio Impollonia , Michele Croci , Pietro Elia Campana , Stefano Amaducci
Agrivoltaics (APV), the co-location of agriculture and solar energy conversion, represent a promising strategy for sustainable land use. Yet, its widespread adoption may be critically hindered by the challenge of fully integrating agricultural mechanization with APV structures. This review systematically analyses the compatibility between APV systems and mechanized open-field farming outlining the main spatial, structural, and operational constraints that influence machinery performance. The study examines how key APV design parameters affect field efficiency, machinery manoeuvrability, and operational overlap, and proposes analytical tools for assessing these interactions. The analysis reveals that field efficiency in APV can be substantially reduced dropping to as low as 45 % when the geometric relationship between implements working width and available operating space is poorly matched, and when turning or headland manoeuvres are restricted by APV obstruction. Additional factors, such as uncultivated buffer zones and dust accumulation due to mechanized operations on PV modules, further contribute to operational inefficiencies and potential operative costs increases. Literature indicates that buffer zones alone can cause up to 30 % land loss when large, interspaced PV arrays are adopted. Based on these findings, effective mechanization in APV systems, despite being challenging, is feasible through a holistic, farm-specific co-design process. Achieving optimal integration requires a careful alignment of APV layout with machinery selection and operational needs, underscoring the necessity for innovation in specialized equipment and advanced navigation systems to unlock the full potential of these dual-use systems.
{"title":"Agricultural mechanization in agrivoltaic systems: Challenges, adaptation, and possible advancements","authors":"Yuri Bellone , Enrico Santangelo , Alberto Assirelli , Sebastian Zainali , Giorgio Impollonia , Michele Croci , Pietro Elia Campana , Stefano Amaducci","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agrivoltaics (APV), the co-location of agriculture and solar energy conversion, represent a promising strategy for sustainable land use. Yet, its widespread adoption may be critically hindered by the challenge of fully integrating agricultural mechanization with APV structures. This review systematically analyses the compatibility between APV systems and mechanized open-field farming outlining the main spatial, structural, and operational constraints that influence machinery performance. The study examines how key APV design parameters affect field efficiency, machinery manoeuvrability, and operational overlap, and proposes analytical tools for assessing these interactions. The analysis reveals that field efficiency in APV can be substantially reduced dropping to as low as 45 % when the geometric relationship between implements working width and available operating space is poorly matched, and when turning or headland manoeuvres are restricted by APV obstruction. Additional factors, such as uncultivated buffer zones and dust accumulation due to mechanized operations on PV modules, further contribute to operational inefficiencies and potential operative costs increases. Literature indicates that buffer zones alone can cause up to 30 % land loss when large, interspaced PV arrays are adopted. Based on these findings, effective mechanization in APV systems, despite being challenging, is feasible through a holistic, farm-specific co-design process. Achieving optimal integration requires a careful alignment of APV layout with machinery selection and operational needs, underscoring the necessity for innovation in specialized equipment and advanced navigation systems to unlock the full potential of these dual-use systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116661"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.116624
K. Radhakrishnan, Aditya Kumar
The rapidly increasing need to find safer and more sustainable ways to store energy has triggered the development of supercapacitors, which are currently used as highly stable, high-voltage storage systems that can charge quickly in terms of speed, deliver high power output at an impressive rate, and have an excellent lifespan. Carbon derived from biomass has become a major contender for making sustainable electrodes due to its low cost and environmentally friendly nature. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of recent studies on the conversion of various biomass feedstocks into porous carbon materials suitable for various applications. Biomass derived carbon has exhibited competitive functions and improved performance compared to conventional activated carbons, reaching a level of specific surface areas exceeding 2000 m2/g and a specific capacitance of approximately 300 F/g. Such capacitors are therefore not only used as an energy carrier but also in flexible and wearable devices. Furthermore, this article highlights the potential of green synthesis paths in conjunction with information-controlled material design strategies, such as machine learning, to enhance the connection between structure and performance. Still, there are obstacles to enhance the production scale, unification of assessment methods, and overcoming the compositional heterogeneity of biomass sources. The article outlines the existing development pattern and highlights critical gaps and future avenues for increasing the storage capacity of traditional, flexible supercapacitors, and it uniquely intergrates green activation, AI optimization, and flexible device engineering.
{"title":"Advances and challenges in biomass-derived supercapacitors","authors":"K. Radhakrishnan, Aditya Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapidly increasing need to find safer and more sustainable ways to store energy has triggered the development of supercapacitors, which are currently used as highly stable, high-voltage storage systems that can charge quickly in terms of speed, deliver high power output at an impressive rate, and have an excellent lifespan. Carbon derived from biomass has become a major contender for making sustainable electrodes due to its low cost and environmentally friendly nature. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of recent studies on the conversion of various biomass feedstocks into porous carbon materials suitable for various applications. Biomass derived carbon has exhibited competitive functions and improved performance compared to conventional activated carbons, reaching a level of specific surface areas exceeding 2000 m<sup>2</sup>/g and a specific capacitance of approximately 300 F/g. Such capacitors are therefore not only used as an energy carrier but also in flexible and wearable devices. Furthermore, this article highlights the potential of green synthesis paths in conjunction with information-controlled material design strategies, such as machine learning, to enhance the connection between structure and performance. Still, there are obstacles to enhance the production scale, unification of assessment methods, and overcoming the compositional heterogeneity of biomass sources. The article outlines the existing development pattern and highlights critical gaps and future avenues for increasing the storage capacity of traditional, flexible supercapacitors, and it uniquely intergrates green activation, AI optimization, and flexible device engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 116624"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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