Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews最新文献_第9页

Thermal modeling of living walls: A review 活墙的热建模：综述

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115009

Eva Zavrl, Tej Žižak, Primož Poredoš, Ciril Arkar

Green (vegetative) building envelopes are widely recognized for their environmental benefits. They have a positive effect on the energy efficiency of buildings and improve the urban microclimate, e.g. by mitigating urban heat island effects and increasing living comfort in cities. Living walls are considered an emerging technology and thus lack widely implemented and established models of thermal response. Experimentally oriented studies of living walls currently prevail, while research on modeling is scarce. This study presents a detailed review of the modeling of heat and mass transfer, considering the individual mechanisms separately. The review demonstrates that existing models primarily adopt heat and mass transfer mechanisms from green roof models. However, the adjustments may be inadequate for dense urban environments due to the vertical layout of living walls. Most studies also assume the uniformity of properties, such as growing media moisture content throughout columns and rows of living wall modular elements, although these properties can vary and significantly affect the thermal response. It is also highlighted that the influence of an open-air gap on living wall thermal response (and modeling) might be underestimated. Identified modeling gaps serve as recommendations for further development of mathematical models. This includes expanding considered boundary conditions, adjustments of oversimplified assumptions, and emphasizing the need for further validation, that will stimulate the development of living wall technology towards a sustainable, energy efficient and reliable technology.

绿色（植被）建筑围护结构的环境效益已得到广泛认可。绿色（植被）建筑围护结构对提高建筑能效和改善城市小气候具有积极作用，例如，可减轻城市热岛效应，提高城市居住舒适度。活墙被认为是一种新兴技术，因此缺乏广泛实施和成熟的热响应模型。目前，以实验为导向的活墙研究占主导地位，而有关建模的研究却很少。本研究对传热和传质模型进行了详细综述，并分别考虑了各个机制。综述表明，现有模型主要采用了绿色屋顶模型中的传热和传质机制。然而，由于活墙的垂直布局，这种调整可能不适用于密集的城市环境。大多数研究还假定了特性的一致性，例如生机墙模块元件各列和各行的生长介质含水量，尽管这些特性可能会发生变化，并对热响应产生重大影响。研究还强调，露天间隙对活墙热响应（和建模）的影响可能被低估。所发现的建模差距可作为进一步开发数学模型的建议。这包括扩大考虑的边界条件、调整过于简化的假设以及强调进一步验证的必要性，这将促进活墙技术向可持续、节能和可靠的技术方向发展。

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引用次数: 0

Category-specific benchmarking of Scope 3 emissions for corporate clusters 企业集群范畴 3 排放量的具体类别基准

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115019

Nadja Buchenau, Jannik Oetzel, Ron-Hendrik Hechelmann

Although the majority of corporate emissions is assigned to the upstream and downstream value chain (Scope 3) rather than to direct emissions (Scope 1) and emissions from energy purchases (Scope 2), Scope 3 data are often insufficient, and their collection is complex due to many reference variables. Therefore, Scope 3 reporting by more than 4000 companies worldwide in 2022 is examined using data from the CDP (formerly Carbon Disclosure Project). All fifteen categories of this Scope as defined by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol are considered. To enhance the benchmarking results, corporate clusters based on size and industry are built after analyzing which factors significantly influence Scope 3.

Based on the results, a benchmarking for the emissions per yearly turnover is carried out and examined on five case studies. As the manufacturing industry comprises various subindustries ranging from plastics to automotive, the cluster consisting big enterprises is further subdivided. Based on two case studies, it is possible to demonstrate that emission hotspots may be situated in diverse categories although companies belong to the same cluster. Companies can use the results for an initial estimation of category-specific Scope 3 emissions, e.g., regarding their sustainability reporting. The novelty of this work is a category-specific benchmarking of Scope 3 emissions considering corporate clusters based on companies worldwide and considering industry and size.

尽管大部分企业排放被分配到上下游价值链（范畴 3），而不是直接排放（范畴 1）和能源采购排放（范畴 2），但范畴 3 数据往往不足，而且由于参考变量众多，数据收集也很复杂。因此，我们利用 CDP（前碳信息披露项目）的数据，对 2022 年全球 4000 多家公司的范围 3 报告进行了研究。温室气体议定书》定义的该范围的所有 15 个类别均在考虑之列。在分析了哪些因素对范围 3 有重大影响后，根据规模和行业建立了企业集群，以加强基准结果。由于制造业包括从塑料到汽车的各种子行业，由大企业组成的集群被进一步细分。基于两个案例研究，可以证明尽管企业属于同一集群，但排放热点可能位于不同的类别中。企业可以利用这些结果对特定类别的范畴 3 排放量进行初步估算，例如在可持续发展报告方面。这项工作的新颖之处在于，基于全球企业集群并考虑到行业和规模，对特定类别的范畴 3 排放量进行了基准分析。

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引用次数: 0

Strategic analysis of hydrogen market dynamics across collaboration models 对各种合作模式下的氢气市场动态进行战略分析

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115001

Mohammad Asghari , Hamid Afshari , Mohamad Y. Jaber , Cory Searcy

The global energy landscape is experiencing a transformative shift, with an increasing emphasis on sustainable and clean energy sources. Hydrogen remains a promising candidate for decarbonization, energy storage, and as an alternative fuel. This study explores the landscape of hydrogen pricing and demand dynamics by evaluating three collaboration scenarios: market-based pricing, cooperative integration, and coordinated decision-making. It incorporates price-sensitive demand, environmentally friendly production methods, and market penetration effects, to provide insights into maximizing market share, profitability, and sustainability within the hydrogen industry. This study contributes to understanding the complexities of collaboration by analyzing those structures and their role in a fast transition to clean hydrogen production by balancing economic viability and environmental goals. The findings reveal that the cooperative integration strategy is the most effective for sustainable growth, increasing green hydrogen's market share to 19.06 % and highlighting the potential for environmentally conscious hydrogen production. They also suggest that the coordinated decision-making approach enhances profitability through collaborative tariff contracts while balancing economic viability and environmental goals. This study also underscores the importance of strategic pricing mechanisms, policy alignment, and the role of hydrogen hubs in achieving sustainable growth in the hydrogen sector. By highlighting the uncertainties and potential barriers, this research offers actionable guidance for policymakers and industry players in shaping a competitive and sustainable energy marketplace.

全球能源格局正在经历一场变革，人们越来越重视可持续的清洁能源。氢仍然是去碳化、能源储存和替代燃料的理想候选者。本研究通过评估三种合作方案：基于市场的定价、合作整合和协调决策，探索氢气定价和需求动态的前景。研究结合了对价格敏感的需求、环境友好型生产方法和市场渗透效应，为最大限度地提高氢能产业的市场份额、盈利能力和可持续性提供了见解。本研究通过分析这些结构及其在通过平衡经济可行性和环境目标快速过渡到清洁氢气生产中的作用，有助于理解合作的复杂性。研究结果表明，合作一体化战略对可持续增长最为有效，可将绿色氢气的市场份额提高到 19.06%，并凸显了具有环保意识的氢气生产的潜力。研究还表明，协调决策方法通过合作关税合同提高了盈利能力，同时兼顾了经济可行性和环境目标。这项研究还强调了战略定价机制、政策调整和氢气枢纽在实现氢能行业可持续增长中的作用。通过强调不确定性和潜在障碍，本研究为政策制定者和行业参与者提供了可操作的指导，以塑造一个具有竞争力和可持续发展的能源市场。

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引用次数: 0

Dielectric barrier discharge reactor application in biomass gasification tar removal 生物质气化焦油脱除中的介质阻挡放电反应器应用

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114963

Faisal Saleem , Muhammad Raashid , Abdul Rehman , Asif Hussain Khoja , Aumber Abbas , Saba Gul , Sajjad Ahmad , Usman Dahiru , Adam Harvey

This review focuses on the application of dielectric barrier discharge reactors for tar removal during biomass gasification. Key processing parameters, such as discharge power, temperature, flow rate, catalyst loading, concentration of tar model compounds, carrier gas, and steam effect, were analyzed for their impact on tar conversion, energy efficiency, selectivity, and product yield. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of these parameters, this review aims to optimize dielectric barrier discharge reactor performance for enhanced application in biomass gasification. These insights highlight the importance of considering multiple parameters in the design and operation of dielectric barrier discharge reactors. The findings of this review offer guidance for future research, focusing on targeted improvements in reactor design and operational strategies to achieve more effective and efficient biomass gasification processes. This work contributes to SDG 7 by advancing DBD technology that improves the efficiency and sustainability of clean energy production.

本综述重点介绍生物质气化过程中应用介质阻挡放电反应器去除焦油的情况。分析了放电功率、温度、流速、催化剂负载、焦油模型化合物浓度、载气和蒸汽效应等关键处理参数对焦油转化、能效、选择性和产品产量的影响。通过全面了解这些参数，本综述旨在优化介质阻挡放电反应器的性能，以提高其在生物质气化中的应用。这些见解强调了在设计和运行介质阻挡放电反应器时考虑多个参数的重要性。本综述的结论为未来研究提供了指导，重点是有针对性地改进反应器设计和运行策略，以实现更有效和高效的生物质气化过程。这项工作通过推动提高清洁能源生产效率和可持续性的介质阻挡放电技术，为可持续发展目标 7 做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Valorization of plant waste for sustainable and ecological insulation in construction: Characterization of thermal and acoustic properties 植物废弃物的价值评估，用于建筑中的可持续生态隔热材料：热学和声学特性的表征

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115014

Abderrahim Benallel , Amine Tilioua , Najma Laaroussi , Mohammed Garoum

This study explores the utilization of plant fibers from date palms and indigenous plants in the Drâa Tafilalet region as reinforcements in composite materials for thermal and acoustic insulation in buildings. The primary aim is to assess the fibers' capacity to enhance composite materials' insulation performance. Advanced techniques including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are employed to thoroughly characterize the fibers in terms of morphology, structure, chemistry, thermal properties, and acoustic attributes. Results reveal significant porosity in the fibers, positively impacting their thermal properties, along with variations in crystallinity indexes among different fiber types. Notably, alfa plant fibers exhibit the highest index at 51.76 %. Chemical composition analyses underscore distinctions in oxygen-to-carbon ratios, highlighting each fiber's unique attributes. Thermal properties are evaluated within the required density range for effective insulation, with thermal conductivities ranging from 0.065 to 0.091 W/m.K. Acoustic assessments underscore certain fibers' effectiveness, such as petiole and alfa fibers, in sound absorption, indicating potential applications in acoustic insulation. The broader significance lies in the eco-friendly and cost-effective potential of these plant fibers, offering a sustainable alternative for high-performance composite materials in the construction industry. The findings contribute valuable insights for advancing sustainable solutions in building insulation applications, promoting eco-friendly practices, and supporting ongoing efforts in green construction. In summary, this research defines the investigation's purpose, methodology, and significance, presenting compelling results that position plant fibers from the Drâa Tafilalet region as promising materials for enhancing composite materials in thermal and acoustic insulation applications within the construction sector.

本研究探讨了如何利用德拉塔菲拉莱特地区枣椰树和本地植物的植物纤维作为建筑隔热隔音复合材料的增强材料。主要目的是评估纤维增强复合材料隔热性能的能力。研究采用了扫描电子显微镜、X 射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱和能量色散 X 射线光谱等先进技术，从形态、结构、化学、热性能和声学属性等方面对纤维进行了全面表征。结果显示，纤维中存在大量孔隙，对其热性能产生了积极影响，同时不同类型纤维的结晶度指数也存在差异。值得注意的是，阿尔法植物纤维的结晶度指数最高，为 51.76%。化学成分分析强调了氧碳比的差异，突出了每种纤维的独特属性。声学评估强调了某些纤维（如叶柄纤维和 alfa 纤维）在吸音方面的有效性，这表明它们在隔音方面具有潜在的应用价值。更广泛的意义在于，这些植物纤维具有生态友好和成本效益高的潜力，为建筑行业提供了高性能复合材料的可持续替代品。研究结果为推进建筑隔热应用的可持续解决方案、促进生态友好型实践以及支持绿色建筑的持续努力提供了宝贵的见解。总之，这项研究确定了调查的目的、方法和意义，并提出了令人信服的结果，将德拉塔菲拉莱特地区的植物纤维定位为有前途的材料，可用于增强建筑行业隔热和隔音应用中的复合材料。

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引用次数: 0

Computerized voltage reversal prevention in second and third year 1000-liter microbial fuel cell 第二年和第三年 1000 升微生物燃料电池中的计算机电压反向预防技术

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115017

Sunny Maye , Louis Delabays , Jules Sansonnens , Maxime Blatter , Gérald Huguenin , Fabian Fischer

Large-scale microbial fuel cells treat wastewater while generating electricity, saving electricity and preventing air pollution. Long term use is difficult and hardly realized what is done in this work for more than three years. To prolong the time of service significantly a novel electronic control device was developed. It blocked the notorious and growing voltage reversals over time and balanced the 1000 L microbial fuel cell. It prevented voltage reversals in 64 units in a serial/parallel microbial fuel cell stack setup. This electronic voltage regulator worked in conjunction with maximum power point tracking. Both electronic tools individually optimized 16 microbial fuel cell units simultaneously to achieve stack balance and heal defiant units. To understand the applicability of this computational voltage reversal prevention controller, blocking experiments were performed with variable thresholds set at: +50, +25, 0, −25, −50 mV. The two best blocking thresholds were 50 mV and zero volts. The electronic balancing tool even revived the end-of-life 1000-L microbial fuel cell stack by resolving voltage reversals in the third year of constant operation. The voltage reversal blocker allowed to generate 1.7 to 2.7 times more power than without electronic control. The voltage balancing technique developed is expected to be useful for larger multi-unit microbial fuel cell stacks.

大型微生物燃料电池在处理废水的同时还能发电、节电和防止空气污染。长期使用非常困难，这项工作几乎无法实现三年以上的使用期。为了大幅延长使用寿命，我们开发了一种新型电子控制装置。它阻止了臭名昭著且随着时间推移而不断加剧的电压反向现象，平衡了 1000 升微生物燃料电池。在串联/并联微生物燃料电池堆设置中，它可以防止 64 个单元的电压反向。该电子电压调节器与最大功率点跟踪技术共同发挥作用。这两种电子工具同时对 16 个微生物燃料电池单元进行了单独优化，以实现堆栈平衡并治愈失常单元。为了解这种计算电压反向防止控制器的适用性，我们进行了阻断实验，将可变阈值设置为：+50、+25、0、+50、+25、0、+50：+50、+25、0、-25、-50 mV。两个最佳阻断阈值分别为 50 毫伏和零伏。电子平衡工具甚至在 1000 升微生物燃料电池堆持续运行的第三年解决了电压反向问题，从而使报废的电池堆重新焕发生机。与没有电子控制的情况相比，电压反向阻断器使发电量增加了 1.7 至 2.7 倍。所开发的电压平衡技术有望用于更大的多单元微生物燃料电池堆。

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引用次数: 0

Performance improvement of absorption chillers: A review on nanoparticle addition 提高吸收式冷却器的性能：纳米粒子添加综述

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115008

M. Venegas , M. de Vega , N. García-Hernando

A review on the use of nanoparticles to improve the performance of absorption chillers is presented. The review includes a compilation and discussion of research data on the subject using as base fluids NH₃-H₂O, H₂O-LiBr and other solutions. Topics analysed include: theoretical and experimental studies about mass transfer enhancement in absorbers and desorbers; research to improve performance of complete absorption chillers; evaluation of thermophysical properties and stability of nanofluids, including viscosity, surface tension, thermal conductivity and other properties; and other studies with results useful for implementation in absorption chillers. Trends about the use of nanofluids in absorption systems, type and concentration of nanoparticles that provide the best performances and specific topics that require more research are identified from the review. Strategies are proposed for future research or for decision makers related to absorption chillers.

本文综述了使用纳米颗粒改善吸收式冷却器性能的情况。综述包括以 NH3-H2O、H2O-LiBr 和其他溶液为基液的相关研究数据的汇编和讨论。分析的主题包括：关于增强吸收器和解吸塔中传质的理论和实验研究；提高完整吸收式冷却器性能的研究；纳米流体热物理性质和稳定性的评估，包括粘度、表面张力、热导率和其他性质；以及其他研究，其结果有助于在吸收式冷却器中的应用。综述确定了在吸收系统中使用纳米流体的趋势、能提供最佳性能的纳米粒子的类型和浓度，以及需要更多研究的特定主题。为未来的研究或与吸收式冷却器有关的决策者提出了策略建议。

引用次数: 0

Waste-to-Ammonia: A sustainable pathway for energy transition 废物变氨气：能源转型的可持续途径

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115012

Mohammad Moosazadeh , Asal Mansourimarand , Shahram Ajori , Vahid Taghikhani , ChangKyoo Yoo

Ammonia, with its exceptional storage and transportation characteristics, emerges as a promising hydrogen carrier that can play a crucial role in this transition. This study investigates the techno-economic and environmental feasibility of utilizing produced water (PW), a waste product in oil and gas production, for ammonia production (AP). Accordingly, three distinct scenarios of utilizing the PW to produce ammonia are analyzed: i) fossil fuel-based (FF) AP without CO₂ capture (gray), ii) FF-based AP with CO₂ capture module (blue), and iii) a solar-thermal based AP (green). Results suggest that the blue system offers a compromise between environmental impact and economic feasibility, achieving a significant reduction in CO₂ emissions of 0.605 kg CO₂/kg NH₃ compared with the 1.87 kg CO₂/kg NH₃, where gray, blue, and green AP are associated with the values of $435.63/tNH₃, $480.41/tNH₃, and $955.05/tNH₃, respectively. Moreover, this study highlights the influence of carbon tax policy on the cost of the FF-based gray systems, while becoming unprofitable above $104.75/tCO₂. Analysis of AP costs across shale formations reveals variations in product cost with salt concentrations, with the Bakken and Haynesville formations exhibiting the highest cost per ton of ammonia of $433 and $426/tNH₃ for blue and gray systems, respectively. Notably, it is observed that the formations with high solar radiation and low salinity including Permian and Niobrara show potential for green ammonia with payback periods of 13 and 15 years, respectively. This can be used as reliable benchmark to propose a model for achieving sustainable society.

氨具有出色的储存和运输特性，是一种前景广阔的氢载体，可在这一转变过程中发挥关键作用。本研究探讨了利用石油和天然气生产过程中产生的废水（PW）生产氨水（AP）的技术经济和环境可行性。因此，本研究分析了利用采出水生产合成氨的三种不同方案：i) 基于化石燃料（FF）的不捕集二氧化碳的合成氨（灰色）；ii) 基于化石燃料（FF）的带有二氧化碳捕集模块的合成氨（蓝色）；iii) 基于太阳能-热能的合成氨（绿色）。结果表明，蓝色系统在环境影响和经济可行性之间实现了折中，与 1.87 kg CO2/kg NH3 相比，显著减少了 0.605 kg CO2/kg NH3 的二氧化碳排放量，灰色、蓝色和绿色 AP 的相关价值分别为 435.63 美元/tNH3、480.41 美元/tNH3 和 955.05 美元/tNH3。此外，本研究还强调了碳税政策对基于氟化纤维的灰色系统成本的影响，超过 104.75 美元/tCO2 将变得无利可图。对不同页岩层的氨水成本分析表明，产品成本随盐浓度的变化而变化，巴肯页岩层和海恩斯维尔页岩层的蓝色和灰色系统每吨氨水的成本最高，分别为 433 美元和 426 美元/tNH3。值得注意的是，太阳辐射强、盐度低的地层（包括二叠纪和尼奥布拉克）显示出绿色合成氨的潜力，投资回收期分别为 13 年和 15 年。这可以作为可靠的基准，为实现可持续社会提出一种模式。

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引用次数: 0

Peer-to-peer multi-energy trading in a decentralized network: A review 去中心化网络中的点对点多能源交易：综述

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114969

Abdul Haseeb Tariq , Uzma Amin

Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading has received a lot of attention in the last decade and recently there has been growing interest in the evaluation of market design, classical methods, and novel approaches for multi-energy trading. The existing literature only focused on electricity/electric-gas/electric-heat networks. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of P2P multi-energy trading (P2P-MET) in a decentralized network is required for the multi-energy like electricity, hydrogen gas, and heat all in one framework for a sustainable future. This review study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of P2P-MET in a decentralized network including layers-defined multi-source network configurations, trading platforms, classical methods, novel approaches, and mechanisms. Considering MET, the rising number of prosumers take advantage of the opportunity and make this complicated decentralized network more complex. To handle the network complexities, smart contracts using distributed ledger-based blockchain, novel algorithm-based game theory, and some other approaches are reviewed. Furthermore, this review study covers the limitations, challenges, opportunities, and benefits of P2P-MET as well as current trends and future directions for a better understanding of the readers. It concludes that P2P-MET using blockchain/game theory in decentralized networks is alternatively better and more secure.

点对点（P2P）电力交易在过去十年中受到了广泛关注，最近，人们对多能源交易的市场设计、经典方法和新方法的评估越来越感兴趣。现有文献仅关注电力/电力-天然气/电力-热力网络。因此，需要对分散网络中的 P2P 多能源交易（P2P-MET）进行全面分析，以便将电力、氢气和热能等多能源集中在一个框架中，实现可持续发展的未来。本综述研究旨在提供对分散网络中 P2P-MET 的深入理解，包括多层定义的多源网络配置、交易平台、经典方法、新方法和机制。考虑到 MET，越来越多的职业消费者利用这一机会，使这个复杂的去中心化网络变得更加复杂。为了应对网络的复杂性，本研究综述了使用基于分布式账本的区块链的智能合约、基于新算法的博弈论以及其他一些方法。此外，本综述研究还涵盖了 P2P-MET 的局限性、挑战、机遇和优势，以及当前趋势和未来方向，以便读者更好地理解。研究得出结论，在去中心化网络中使用区块链/博弈论的 P2P-MET 是更好、更安全的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Reducing district heating carbon dioxide emissions with data center waste heat – Region perspective 利用数据中心余热减少区域供热二氧化碳排放--地区视角

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114992

Seela Tervo, Sanna Syri, Pauli Hiltunen

Climate targets require district heating companies to decarbonize heat production as well as data centers to improve their energy efficiency and waste heat utilization. This study includes an energyPRO software modeling of a district heating network with a planned 21 MW data center in the Ostrobothnia region in Finland to investigate the effect of data center waste heat in a district heating network. Five future scenarios with assumptions on electricity, fuel and carbon dioxide prices were modeled to analyze the reduction of district heating carbon dioxide emissions with data center waste heat and related cost savings. The results indicate that carbon dioxide emissions decrease cost-effectively as waste heat replaces the use of high-emission peat. In scenarios with higher biomass prices, the emissions and costs decrease the most with waste heat utilization. Interviews conducted with stakeholders highlight that district heating companies should not be dependent only on one data center due to the volatile nature of the industry and the heat production costs. They also underlined that the data center is expected to improve local economic activity and the international network of the region. The interviews also indicate that broad local support for the data center can be achieved due to the emission reductions and positive impacts on local employment and the economy. The use of local peat fuel was widely understood to be phased out due to climate policy.

气候目标要求区域供热公司实现热能生产的去碳化，并要求数据中心提高能源效率和余热利用率。本研究使用 energyPRO 软件对芬兰 Ostrobothnia 地区的一个区域供热网络进行建模，该区域计划建设一个 21 兆瓦的数据中心，研究数据中心废热对区域供热网络的影响。根据对电力、燃料和二氧化碳价格的假设，对五种未来情景进行了建模，以分析利用数据中心余热减少区域供热二氧化碳排放量及相关成本节约的情况。结果表明，随着废热取代高排放泥炭的使用，二氧化碳排放量的减少具有成本效益。在生物质价格较高的情况下，利用余热减少的排放量和成本最多。与利益相关者进行的访谈强调，由于行业和制热成本的不稳定性，区域供热公司不应只依赖于一个数据中心。他们还强调，数据中心有望改善当地的经济活动和该地区的国际网络。访谈还表明，由于数据中心可实现减排并对当地就业和经济产生积极影响，因此可获得当地的广泛支持。人们普遍认为，由于气候政策，当地泥炭燃料的使用将被逐步淘汰。

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引用次数: 0