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Remembered and Forgotten: The Nineteenth-Century Flemish and Dutch Famine in Cultural Memory.
IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2024-12-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2025.2441531
Lotte Jensen

In the years 1845-48 Belgium and the Netherlands suffered from famine as a result from potato blight. This article explores the question why this famine became a building block of Flemish identity leading to its inclusion in the Flemish canon, while the Dutch potato crisis still largeley remains forgotten. It is argued that the famine in Flanders was intrinsically linked with the nineteenth-century Flemish movement, thereby contributing to the self-image of ''poor Flanders''. By contrast, the emergence of Dutch identity goes further back in history and is mainly connected to prototypical disasters, such as floods. Famine did not suit this storyline and the ''superior'' ability of the Dutch to manage the water. This article also stresses the need for transnational approaches in the study of famine memories. A comparative approach makes it possible to understand why the same type of traumatic event was forgotten relatively quickly in one case, and became part of the collective memory in the other.

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引用次数: 0
Peripheral Networks: Canon-Formation in the Nineteenth-Century Reception of Regionalist Writers 外围网络:十九世纪地域主义作家接受中的规范形成
3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2023.2269789
Anneloek Scholten, Roel Smeets
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引用次数: 0
Jean Crosnier and The Image of Amsterdam in L’Année Burlesque (1682) Jean Crosnier与《L’ann<s:1>滑稽剧》中的阿姆斯特丹形象(1682)
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2023.2254070
Michaël Green
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引用次数: 0
“The problem with all those teachers is that they are completely numb”: Representations of Teachers and Education in Recent Dutch Novels “所有这些教师的问题是他们完全麻木了”:近代荷兰小说中的教师与教育表现
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2023.2230682
Jeroen Dera, Roel Smeets, Tommie van Wanrooij
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引用次数: 0
Two Peaks in a Barren Landscape: Turkish-Dutch Writers in the Netherlands 贫瘠土地上的两座山峰:荷兰的土耳其-荷兰作家
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2022.2162193
Stella Linn
ABSTRACT As in several other European countries, the end of the last century in the Netherlands saw the emergence of a multicultural literature written by second-generation immigrants. Unlike writers of Moroccan origin, however, Turkish-Dutch authors are barely visible in the literary field, with two notable exceptions: Özcan Akyol and Murat Isik. How and why did these writers achieve a breakthrough in the past decade with their respective novels Eus (2012) and Wees onzichtbaar [‘Be invisible’] (2017)? My analysis covers not only textual aspects such as theme and style, but also literary sociological factors, in particular, the awarding of prizes, authors’ self-fashioning and media exposure, and reader appreciation. To this end, I use both professional criticism and amateur reviews posted on Bol.com, the Dutch market leader in online book sales, and Hebban.nl, the largest online reader community in the Netherlands. The bestselling status of the two novels appears to be due to different factors: while the success of Wees onzichtbaar is entirely the result of high praise from both literary critics and consumer reviewers, in the case of Eus, Akyol’s strong television and social media presence clearly contributed to the book’s success.
与其他几个欧洲国家一样,上世纪末,荷兰出现了由第二代移民创作的多元文化文学。然而,与摩洛哥裔作家不同,土耳其裔荷兰作家在文学领域几乎看不到,只有两个值得注意的例外:Özcan Akyol和Murat Isik。在过去的十年里,这些作家是如何以及为什么通过他们各自的小说《被看不见》(2012)和《被看不见》(2017)取得突破的?我的分析不仅包括文本方面,如主题和风格,还包括文学社会学因素,特别是奖项的颁发,作者的自我塑造和媒体曝光,以及读者的欣赏。为此,我参考了荷兰在线图书销售市场的领导者Bol.com和Hebban上发布的专业评论和业余评论。nl,荷兰最大的在线读者社区。这两部小说的畅销地位似乎是由不同的因素造成的:虽然《星期》的成功完全是文学评论家和消费者评论家的高度赞扬的结果,但就《星期》而言,阿克约尔在电视和社交媒体上的强大影响力显然促成了这本书的成功。
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引用次数: 0
Grand Larcenies: Translations and Imitations of Ten Dutch Poets 大盗窃案:十位荷兰诗人的翻译与模仿
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2022.2163753
J. Fenoulhet
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引用次数: 0
Putting the Netherlands in Perspective: The Identification of Alleged American and Dutch Traits in Dutch Travel Accounts of America, 1948–1971 透视荷兰:1948-1971年荷兰人的美国旅行记录中所谓的美国人和荷兰人特征的鉴定
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2022.2161714
J. Verhoef
ABSTRACT Between 1948 and 1971 more Dutch travel books about America were published than ever. Since America in this era was the prime model that was used in search of an ever-elusive Dutch identity, these books informed deliberations on the Netherlands as much as on America. This article details the topics that travel writers addressed to identify supposed traits that distinguished Americans from Dutch people. Highlighting how these traits were constructed in the past contributes to fierce contemporary debates about national identity. It is shown that travel writers consistently depicted Americans – who were regularly essentialised – as childlike, high-spirited go-getters. They were deemed efficient, pragmatic and self-critical. Their generosity was lauded, their alleged gullibility decried. Supposed Dutch characteristics were framed in contrast to these attributes. Most travel writers were rather critical. Dutch people were made out to be not as kind, dynamic, energetic, ingenious and open-minded as Americans. Various travellers targeted a petty-bourgeois mentality or narrow-mindedness in particular. As much inspiration as America provided, the prevailing attitude was that Dutch people should be cautious when it came to adopting American ways. Moreover, they should cherish their distinctive modesty, even-temperedness and level-headedness (nuchterheid) and their knack for conviviality (gezelligheid).
1948年至1971年间,荷兰出版的关于美国的旅行书籍比以往任何时候都多。由于在这个时代,美国是用来寻找一个永远难以捉摸的荷兰身份的主要模式,这些书为对荷兰的思考提供了信息,就像对美国一样。这篇文章详细介绍了旅行作家所讨论的主题,以确定美国人与荷兰人之间的区别。强调这些特征在过去是如何构建的,有助于当代关于国家认同的激烈辩论。研究表明,旅行作家一贯将美国人——他们经常被本质化——描绘成孩子气、意气风发、积极进取的人。他们被认为是高效、务实和自我批评的。他们的慷慨受到赞扬,他们所谓的轻信受到谴责。所谓的荷兰特色是与这些特征形成对比的。大多数旅行作家都持批判态度。荷兰人被塑造成不像美国人那样善良、有活力、精力充沛、聪明和思想开放。各种各样的旅行者都以小资产阶级的心态或狭隘的思想为目标。尽管美国提供了很多灵感,但普遍的态度是,荷兰人在采用美国方式时应该谨慎。此外,他们应该珍惜自己独特的谦逊、平和和冷静(nuchterheid),以及他们的交际技巧(gezelligheid)。
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引用次数: 0
Conversion and Missionary Narratives in Post-Independence Congo. A Comparative Analysis of Jacques Bergeyck’s Het stigma/The Stigma (1970) and V.Y. Mudimbe’s Entre Les eaux/Between Tides (1973) 独立后刚果的皈依与传教叙事。雅克·伯格的《耻辱》(1970)与V.Y.穆丁比的《潮汐之间》(1973)比较分析
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2022.2144591
Lieselot De Taeye
ABSTRACT Missionaries played a central role in the colonial system in Congo – they were a key part of the well-known triad consisting of state, church, and corporations. During the Belgian Congo period (1908–1960), missionaries of diverse congregations were in charge of health care and education, and their religious services were the only ones officially recognized. Narratives have strongly shaped how these missionaries operated. One could even say that the conversion and missionary narrative define what it means to set up a successful ‘mission’. In my contribution, I explore how these narratives surface in two novels written in the two decades after Congo’s Independence in 1960. Entre les eaux (1973) by V.Y. Mudimbe and Het stigma (1970) by Jacques Bergeyck both refer to the missionary activities in mid-century Congo but their use of the conversion and missionary narrative complicates the common-sense understanding of them. By comparing a Flemish and a Congolese novel, this article aims to decentre the Flemish literary world as the locus where these narratives gain their meaning. By taking a more transnational, multilingual context as a starting point, it wants to shed new light on the ways in which the European missionary presence in Congo has been imagined.
传教士在刚果的殖民体系中扮演着核心角色——他们是众所周知的由国家、教会和企业组成的三位一体的关键部分。在比属刚果时期(1908-1960年),不同教会的传教士负责保健和教育,他们的宗教服务是唯一得到官方承认的。叙事强烈地塑造了这些传教士的运作方式。人们甚至可以说,皈依和传教的叙述定义了什么是成功的“使命”。在我的文章中,我探讨了这些叙事是如何在1960年刚果独立后的二十年里写的两部小说中出现的。V.Y. Mudimbe的《Entre les eaux》(1973)和Jacques Bergeyck的《Het stigma》(1970)都提到了世纪中期刚果的传教活动,但它们对皈依和传教叙事的使用使对它们的常识理解变得复杂。通过比较一部佛兰德语小说和一部刚果语小说,本文旨在将佛兰德语文学世界作为这些叙事获得意义的场所。本书以一个更跨国、多语言的背景为出发点,希望揭示欧洲传教士在刚果的存在方式。
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引用次数: 0
Worlding Dutch Literary Studies 世界荷兰文学研究
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2022.2144592
Hans Demeyer
ABSTRACT Whenever we start worlding Dutch literary studies, we find ourselves in the compartment. Once we move beyond the metropolitan centre(s) of Dutch literature, we encounter the compartments of literatures from or related to Indonesia, the Antilles, South Africa, Suriname, Congo, immigration to the metropolitan centres. This essay discusses ‘worlding’ as a possible method that can undo the compartments while also tackling the racialized logic that underpin them. After a general description of ‘worlding’, the essay discusses three recent publications that deal with the colonial past of the Low Countries: De postkoloniale spiegel, De nieuwe koloniale leeslijst and Zwarte bladzijden. Whereas all include aspects that world the discipline, a distinction can be made between the first two projects that involve a recentring on the nation and leave the compartments intact and the third one that offers a more oppositional strategy of worlding that addresses the racial grammar that subtends the discipline of Dutch literary studies and that invites us to imaginative acts of worldmaking.
每当我们开始研究荷兰文学时,我们都会发现自己置身于一个隔间里。一旦我们走出荷兰文学的大都市中心,我们就会遇到来自印度尼西亚、安的列斯群岛、南非、苏里南、刚果的文学,以及移民到大都市中心的文学。这篇文章讨论了“世界化”作为一种可能的方法,可以消除分隔,同时也解决了支撑它们的种族化逻辑。在对“世界”的一般描述之后,本文讨论了最近出版的三本关于低地国家殖民历史的出版物:De postkoloniale spiegel, De nieuwe koloniale leeslijst和Zwarte bladzijden。然而,所有这些都包含了世界学科的各个方面,可以区分前两个项目,这两个项目涉及到重新关注国家,保持隔间完整,第三个项目提供了一种更对立的世界战略,解决了种族语法,这是荷兰文学研究的学科,并邀请我们进行富有想象力的世界构建行为。
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引用次数: 0
Of Backyards and Hinterlands: ‘Cairojan’ and Dutch Caribbean Literature 后院与腹地:“开罗人”与荷兰加勒比文学
IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2022.2144597
T. Ostendorf
ABSTRACT This article will compare two works by two Black Surinamese authors from the last century: Anton de Kom (1898–1945) and Edgar Cairo (1948–2000). While keenly aware that the Netherlands/the Dutch Empire has shaped their world by forceful and violent means, in their writing both Cairo and de Kom effectively push the Netherlands to the margins. In these texts it is present as the evil force to be fought, or as the invisible past evils that have created the present, but these stories are not about the Dutch or The Netherlands. De Kom counters the Dutch narratives and heroes with those of the enslaved people who escape to the hinterlands (het binnenland), while Cairo flaunts white colonial norms with his story of what he calls ‘the backyard’ (het erf). De Kom’s hinterland and Cairo’s backyard echo chronotopes such as Paul Gilroy’s slave ship and Édouard Glissant’s metaphors of the plantation, the hinterland and the creole language. These are conceptions of the Caribbean and Black diasporic history, voicing some of the ways in which ‘culture happened’ in spite of the efforts of colonization and the plantation system, offering an alternative that is native to a transplanted people/diasporic people.
本文将比较上个世纪苏里南黑人作家安东·德·科姆(1898-1945)和埃德加·开罗(1948-2000)的两部作品。虽然开罗和德科姆敏锐地意识到荷兰/荷兰帝国通过强力和暴力的手段塑造了他们的世界,但在他们的写作中,他们都有效地将荷兰推向了边缘。在这些文本中,它是一种需要对抗的邪恶力量,或者是创造了现在的看不见的过去的邪恶,但这些故事不是关于荷兰人或荷兰人的。De Kom用那些逃到内陆的被奴役的人的故事(het binnenland)来反驳荷兰人的叙述和英雄,而Cairo则用他所谓的“后院”(het erf)的故事来炫耀白人殖民规范。De Kom的腹地和开罗的后院呼应了Paul Gilroy的奴隶船和Édouard Glissant对种植园、腹地和克里奥尔语的隐喻。这些是加勒比和黑人流散历史的概念,表达了尽管殖民和种植园制度的努力,“文化发生”的一些方式,为移植的人/流散的人提供了另一种选择。
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Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies
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