Pub Date : 2019-08-12DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1654196
Tanja Collet
ABSTRACTThe Gazette van Detroit was one of many immigrant newspapers started up in the United States shortly after the outbreak of the First World War. During the war, it kept the Belgian community...
{"title":"Wartime Propaganda in the Gazette van Detroit (1914-1918)","authors":"Tanja Collet","doi":"10.1080/03096564.2019.1654196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1654196","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe Gazette van Detroit was one of many immigrant newspapers started up in the United States shortly after the outbreak of the First World War. During the war, it kept the Belgian community...","PeriodicalId":41997,"journal":{"name":"Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies","volume":"11937 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82118105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1617182
Piet Franssen
ABSTRACT Around 1444 Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini, the later pope Pius II, wrote De duobus amantibus. Historia Euryalo et Lucretia. In this article I will show that the attribution of the first English edition of the text, the History of Euryalus and Lucretia (c. 1515) to the press of the Antwerp publisher/printer Jan van Doesborch is very plausible. This attribution is based on the analysis of the ‘London fragment’ of the text – which is published here for the first time – in relation to the relationship and characteristics of other publications of the office of Jan van Doesborch.
大约在1444年，后来的教皇庇护二世埃涅阿斯·西尔维乌斯·皮科洛米尼(Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini)写了《论人性》。历史学家尤里亚洛和卢克丽霞。在这篇文章中，我将表明，文本的第一个英文版本，《Euryalus和Lucretia的历史》(约1515年)是由安特卫普出版商/印刷商Jan van Doesborch出版的，这是非常可信的。这种归属是基于对文本的“伦敦片段”的分析-这是第一次在这里发表-与Jan van Doesborch办公室的其他出版物的关系和特征有关。
{"title":"Jan Van Doesborch and the History of Euryalus and Lucretia","authors":"Piet Franssen","doi":"10.1080/03096564.2019.1617182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1617182","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Around 1444 Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini, the later pope Pius II, wrote De duobus amantibus. Historia Euryalo et Lucretia. In this article I will show that the attribution of the first English edition of the text, the History of Euryalus and Lucretia (c. 1515) to the press of the Antwerp publisher/printer Jan van Doesborch is very plausible. This attribution is based on the analysis of the ‘London fragment’ of the text – which is published here for the first time – in relation to the relationship and characteristics of other publications of the office of Jan van Doesborch.","PeriodicalId":41997,"journal":{"name":"Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"216 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82424962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1616142
Michał Wenderski
ABSTRACT The historiography of modern art recognizes numerous cases of influence and impact that artist from the so-called ‘Western centres’ had on their ‘Eastern peripheral’ colleagues. Reverse examples, however, are rarely recognised. This article gives such an example, by demonstrating the influence of Katarzyna Kobro on Georges Vantongerloo, two prominent avant-garde sculptors. Analysis of historical material (e.g. letters and publications) and selected artworks clearly indicates that the pioneering sculptures of Kobro, who lived and worked mostly in Poland, had profound impact on Vantongerloo, a Belgian artist related to the Dutch formation ‘De Stijl’. In time Vantongerloo’s works evolved from compact sculptures-masses to open spatial compositions that came to share the spirit of Kobro’s unique works. This case thus serves as evidence of two-way artistic influences and mobility that took place within the supranational network of the avant-garde, contrarily to historiographical assumptions such as the ‘centre-periphery’ paradigm or the East-West dichotomization.
{"title":"From ‘Peripheries’ to ‘Centres’, Westwards: On the Influence of Katarzyna Kobro on Georges Vantongerloo","authors":"Michał Wenderski","doi":"10.1080/03096564.2019.1616142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1616142","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The historiography of modern art recognizes numerous cases of influence and impact that artist from the so-called ‘Western centres’ had on their ‘Eastern peripheral’ colleagues. Reverse examples, however, are rarely recognised. This article gives such an example, by demonstrating the influence of Katarzyna Kobro on Georges Vantongerloo, two prominent avant-garde sculptors. Analysis of historical material (e.g. letters and publications) and selected artworks clearly indicates that the pioneering sculptures of Kobro, who lived and worked mostly in Poland, had profound impact on Vantongerloo, a Belgian artist related to the Dutch formation ‘De Stijl’. In time Vantongerloo’s works evolved from compact sculptures-masses to open spatial compositions that came to share the spirit of Kobro’s unique works. This case thus serves as evidence of two-way artistic influences and mobility that took place within the supranational network of the avant-garde, contrarily to historiographical assumptions such as the ‘centre-periphery’ paradigm or the East-West dichotomization.","PeriodicalId":41997,"journal":{"name":"Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies","volume":"71 1","pages":"80 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90769319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-08DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1615761
T. Laureys
ABSTRACT This article aims to show that Geeraerdt Brandt’s popular revenge tragedy De veinzende Torquatus (1645) engages with the political debates concerning the rightful succession of monarchs based on primogeniture, and – be it in a grotesque, even parodic way – the Calvinistic belief that the Dutch stadtholders were God’s providential instruments, assigned to guide His chosen people. Subsequently, I show that the play offers a confrontation between two conflicting conceptions of power. The play’s eponymous protagonist holds what I call an intellectual (idealistic) conception of power, in which man's rational faculty, including his capacity for rational deception, is all-decisive. This vision, though, clashes with the more physical (materialistic) conceptualization of power which Torquatus’s antagonist Noron upholds.
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Pub Date : 2019-05-04DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1605655
Ulrich Tiedau
{"title":"Centenary of Low Countries Studies in the Anglophone World (1919–2019)","authors":"Ulrich Tiedau","doi":"10.1080/03096564.2019.1605655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1605655","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41997,"journal":{"name":"Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies","volume":"381 1","pages":"97 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74122870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-17DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1576009
C. W. Schoneveld
ABSTRACT This article provides internal arguments, based on a close reading of the poem, proving that the poem is an elegy, and external arguments based on historical reseach, which lead to a rejection of the traditonally supposed identity of the person who is the subject of the poem, and provides the real identity of that person.
{"title":"Why Sir Philip Sidney Chose the Dutch National Anthem as the Tune for a Song","authors":"C. W. Schoneveld","doi":"10.1080/03096564.2019.1576009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1576009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article provides internal arguments, based on a close reading of the poem, proving that the poem is an elegy, and external arguments based on historical reseach, which lead to a rejection of the traditonally supposed identity of the person who is the subject of the poem, and provides the real identity of that person.","PeriodicalId":41997,"journal":{"name":"Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies","volume":"124 1","pages":"294 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77321004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1559497
Steven Thiry, Anne-Laure Van Bruaene
Plagued by discord and violence, the subjects of the late sixteenth-century Netherlands looked back upon the reign of the Burgundian dukes with ‘tears in their eyes’. They recalled their former overlords as the ‘founders and benefactors of [their] beautiful trading cities [merctyen] and free privileges’. Recent oppression, resulting in rebellion against princely authority, made people long for the return of what had been more prosperous times. At least, by invoking this rather emotional vision, an anonymous pamphleteer tried to justify in 1579 the rebels’ appeal for aid to the Duke of Anjou, the French king’s youngest brother, at the height of the Dutch Revolt. Hailed as a direct descendant of the Valois dukes who had ruled most of the Low Countries in the fifteenth century, the text urged Anjou to emulate the political virtues of his Burgundian ancestors, as opposed to the divisive actions of the Spanish king. Obviously, not everyone in the rebellious provinces subscribed to a dynastic re-creation in the figure of Anjou. Many opposed the French overtures, which in 1582 resulted in the formal, yet ultimately unsuccessful, appointment of Anjou as new lord of the Netherlands, and royal supporters still advocated the ancestral rights of the Spanish king. What the pamphlet’s claim reveals, however, is a topical reinterpretation of the Burgundian dynasty. Its idealized appraisal of a once ‘native’ rule upholding the liberties of the political community reflected present disagreements about the extent of princely authority. A Burgundian golden age, built upon the combination of princely virtue and civic consent, became the touchstone of equitable government. Since Philip the Bold, son of the French king and the first Valois Duke of Burgundy, had married the Flemish heiress Margaret of Male in 1369, the rapid expansion of ducal power had transformed the Low Countries. Gradually, his successors acquired most of the semi-autonomous principalities situated on the fringe of the French kingdom and the Holy Roman Empire. By the 1470s the ducal patrimony – aside from the duchy and free county of Burgundy in the east of France − comprised most parts of what is now presentday Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, and the north of France. After the French annexation of the duchy of Burgundy during the succession crisis of 1477, the remaining lands passed into the hands of the Habsburgs through the marriage of Duchess Mary of Burgundy with the emperor’s son Maximilian of Austria. Yet, despite the subsequent integration of these regions into a much larger composite state, the ‘Burgundian’ identity proved particularly resilient. As the contributions in this special issue point out, the chronological divide between a Burgundian and Habsburg era was less clear-cut than it appears to be today, although identification with the Burgundian dynasty took on different shapes from the sixteenth century to the early twentieth century. DUTCH CROSSING 2019, VOL. 43, NO. 1, 1–6 ht
16世纪晚期，饱受纷争和暴力困扰的荷兰人民“热泪盈眶”地回顾勃艮第公爵的统治。他们回忆说，他们的前任统治者是“(他们)美丽的贸易城市(仁慈)和自由特权的创始人和恩人”。最近的压迫导致了对王公权威的反抗，这使得人们渴望回到曾经更加繁荣的时代。至少，在1579年荷兰起义达到高潮时，一位匿名的小册子作者试图通过援引这一相当情绪化的愿景，为叛军请求法国国王最小的弟弟安茹公爵(Duke of Anjou)援助的请求辩护。作为15世纪统治大部分低地国家的瓦卢瓦公爵的直系后裔，这本书敦促安茹效仿他的勃艮第祖先的政治美德，而不是西班牙国王的分裂行为。显然，并不是所有反叛省份的人都认同安茹的王朝再现。许多人反对法国的提议，1582年，法国正式任命安茹为尼德兰的新领主，但最终以失败告终，王室支持者仍然主张西班牙国王的祖传权利。然而，这本小册子所揭示的是对勃艮第王朝的重新诠释。它对曾经“本土”统治的理想化评价维护了政治共同体的自由，反映了当时对王公权威程度的分歧。勃艮第黄金时代建立在君主美德和公民同意的结合之上，成为公平政府的试金石。自从1369年法国国王之子、第一任勃艮第瓦卢瓦公爵大胆的菲利普迎娶了佛兰德女继承人马勒的玛格丽特以来，公爵权力的迅速扩张改变了低地国家。渐渐地，他的继任者获得了位于法兰西王国和神圣罗马帝国边缘的大部分半自治公国。到1470年代，公爵的遗产——除了法国东部的公国和自由的勃艮第郡——包括今天的比利时、荷兰、卢森堡和法国北部的大部分地区。在1477年继承危机中法国吞并了勃艮第公国之后，通过勃艮第公爵夫人玛丽与皇帝的儿子奥地利的马克西米利安的婚姻，剩余的土地落入了哈布斯堡家族的手中。然而，尽管这些地区后来整合成一个更大的综合国家，“勃艮第”的身份被证明是特别有弹性的。正如本期特刊的投稿所指出的那样，勃艮第王朝和哈布斯堡王朝之间的年代划分并不像今天看起来那么明确，尽管从16世纪到20世纪初，对勃艮第王朝的认同有不同的形式。《荷兰穿越2019》，第43卷，第2期。1,1 - 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1559497
{"title":"Burgundian Afterlives. Appropriating the Dynastic Past(s) in the Habsburg Netherlands","authors":"Steven Thiry, Anne-Laure Van Bruaene","doi":"10.1080/03096564.2019.1559497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03096564.2019.1559497","url":null,"abstract":"Plagued by discord and violence, the subjects of the late sixteenth-century Netherlands looked back upon the reign of the Burgundian dukes with ‘tears in their eyes’. They recalled their former overlords as the ‘founders and benefactors of [their] beautiful trading cities [merctyen] and free privileges’. Recent oppression, resulting in rebellion against princely authority, made people long for the return of what had been more prosperous times. At least, by invoking this rather emotional vision, an anonymous pamphleteer tried to justify in 1579 the rebels’ appeal for aid to the Duke of Anjou, the French king’s youngest brother, at the height of the Dutch Revolt. Hailed as a direct descendant of the Valois dukes who had ruled most of the Low Countries in the fifteenth century, the text urged Anjou to emulate the political virtues of his Burgundian ancestors, as opposed to the divisive actions of the Spanish king. Obviously, not everyone in the rebellious provinces subscribed to a dynastic re-creation in the figure of Anjou. Many opposed the French overtures, which in 1582 resulted in the formal, yet ultimately unsuccessful, appointment of Anjou as new lord of the Netherlands, and royal supporters still advocated the ancestral rights of the Spanish king. What the pamphlet’s claim reveals, however, is a topical reinterpretation of the Burgundian dynasty. Its idealized appraisal of a once ‘native’ rule upholding the liberties of the political community reflected present disagreements about the extent of princely authority. A Burgundian golden age, built upon the combination of princely virtue and civic consent, became the touchstone of equitable government. Since Philip the Bold, son of the French king and the first Valois Duke of Burgundy, had married the Flemish heiress Margaret of Male in 1369, the rapid expansion of ducal power had transformed the Low Countries. Gradually, his successors acquired most of the semi-autonomous principalities situated on the fringe of the French kingdom and the Holy Roman Empire. By the 1470s the ducal patrimony – aside from the duchy and free county of Burgundy in the east of France − comprised most parts of what is now presentday Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, and the north of France. After the French annexation of the duchy of Burgundy during the succession crisis of 1477, the remaining lands passed into the hands of the Habsburgs through the marriage of Duchess Mary of Burgundy with the emperor’s son Maximilian of Austria. Yet, despite the subsequent integration of these regions into a much larger composite state, the ‘Burgundian’ identity proved particularly resilient. As the contributions in this special issue point out, the chronological divide between a Burgundian and Habsburg era was less clear-cut than it appears to be today, although identification with the Burgundian dynasty took on different shapes from the sixteenth century to the early twentieth century. DUTCH CROSSING 2019, VOL. 43, NO. 1, 1–6 ht","PeriodicalId":41997,"journal":{"name":"Dutch Crossing-Journal of Low Countries Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79143097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2018.1559505
Steven Thiry
ABSTRACT Founded in 1430, the Order of the Golden Fleece was perhaps the most iconic dynastic institution in the Low Countries. It bound together a selective group of high nobles, promoting shared values and loyalty, and was an inexhaustible storehouse of political imagery. The Dutch Revolt seriously disrupted this venerable company. Its officers became estranged, the numbers of knights rapidly declined, and original objectives were questioned. Nevertheless, the Order’s Burgundian heritage and its enduring material memory retained a strong political potential. This article explores how both royalists and dissidents exploited the signs and codes of old to criticize − and even redress − royal policy. As such the (sometimes contradictory) use of the Order’s symbolism ensured the Netherlands’ status as ritualistic nerve centre.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2018.1559528
Gilles Docquier
ABSTRACT One of the most brilliant symbols of the splendour of the Burgundian period remains the Order of the Golden Fleece and the ornaments which constitute its ‘treasure’, preserved since the end of the eighteenth century in Viennese museums. With the defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918, some politicians and opinion makers in Belgium saw the perfect opportunity to reclaim this prestigious ensemble as a national artefact inherent to the Belgian territory. By virtue of the Treaty of Saint-Germain, the Belgian government was authorized to set up a committee in charge of demonstrating property rights to ‘national’ works of art that could be claimed as a compensation for war damages. The present contribution aims to explain who, in Belgium, militated for the restitution of the treasure of the Golden Fleece. This judicial case, abundantly covered by the contemporary press and revealing a national identity that drew upon an idealized Burgundian past, was nevertheless doomed to failure.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03096564.2019.1559499
Anne-Laure Van Bruaene
ABSTRACT In 1559 the twenty-third chapter of the Golden Fleece was held in Ghent, presided over by its grandmaster King Philip II. The meeting concluded the chivalric order’s venerable tradition of organising large public ceremonies in the primary cities of the Burgundian-Habsburg lands. This contribution foregrounds the spatial arrangements for this chapter within Ghent’s collegiate church of St Bavo and discusses the positions not only of the court but also of important local players such as the church chapter, the urban magistracy, local chroniclers, and iconoclasts. The essay shows how the Habsburg dynasty systematically appropriated the interiors of the main urban churches in the Low Countries in order to highlight the continuity of Burgundian rule but at the same time broadcast a new imperial ideology. Despite these efforts, however, local audiences reinvented these spaces as important lieux de mémoire of what they perceived as traditional Burgundian rule.
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