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On the Necessity of Referral to t he Category "Randomity" In the Process of Moral Assessment of Individual's Acts 论个人行为道德评价过程中引入“随机性”范畴的必要性
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_05
Petr Makuhin
In the article, firstly through the analysis of the history of ethical teachings, the basic requirements for the procedure of moral assessment, for its subject (the legitimacy of this assessment) and the object (taking into account the consequences of the act, their motives, as well as the ratio of the goal and the means used to achieve it) are identified. Consideration of a particular deed taking into account all these aspects, it would seem, allows us to make its moral assessment objective, impartial, fair. However, secondly (and most importantly!), we substantiate the thesis that if this consideration is not supplemented with the category of randomity (moreover, interpreted as aclinamen), then the resulting assessment will itself be morally problematic, giving rise to moral complacency and depriving us the opportunity to help a morally stumbled person.
本文首先通过对道德教育历史的分析,确定了道德评估程序的基本要求,对道德评估的主体(评估的合法性)和对象(考虑行为的后果、动机以及目标的比例和实现目标的手段)。考虑到所有这些方面,对某一特定行为的考虑似乎使我们能够使其道德评估客观、公正、公平。然而,第二(也是最重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Algorithmic and Computer Software for Determination of Thread Tension After Guide Large Curvacity 导轨大曲率后螺纹张力测定算法及计算机软件
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_03
Shcherban, Ukraine Design, Kolva, Egorov, Petko, Makarenko
The conducted studies of the effect of the structure of the threads on the amount of tension when interacting with guides and working bodies of weaving machines and knitting machines, which have a large curvature in the zone of contact with the thread, established a mechanism for the process of increasing the tension of the thread after the guide by changing the radius of curvature of the guide and friction forces in the zone contact. It is proved that the increase in tension is explained by a change in the angle of coverage of the thread of a guide of large curvature, and for complex threads and yarns, the real angle of coverage will be greater than the calculated one, due to deformation of the thread diameter in the contact zone, and for monofilaments it is less than the calculated one due to bending stiffness. The sequential passage of the thread along the guides, from the entry zone to the formation zone of fabric and knitwear, leads to a stepwise increase in tension. In this case, the output parameter of the tension after the previous guide will be the input parameter for the subsequent guide, which makes it possible to use recursion when determining the tension in front of the formation zone. In this regard, research on the computer implementation of the algorithm for determining the thread tension on technological equipment using recursion should be considered relevant.
研究了与螺纹接触区曲率较大的织机、针织机的导轨和工作体相互作用时螺纹结构对张力量的影响,建立了通过改变导轨的曲率半径和接触区摩擦力来增加螺纹在导轨后张力的机理。证明了张力的增加是由大曲率导轨的螺纹覆盖角的变化来解释的,对于复杂的螺纹和纱线,由于接触区螺纹直径的变形,实际覆盖角会大于计算值,而对于单丝,由于弯曲刚度的影响,实际覆盖角会小于计算值。从进入区到织物和针织品的形成区,线沿着导向的顺序通道导致张力逐步增加。在这种情况下,上一导井后张力的输出参数将成为下一导井的输入参数,这使得在确定地层前张力时使用递归方法成为可能。在这方面,使用递归确定工艺设备螺纹张力算法的计算机实现研究应该被认为是相关的。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Market Associations in the Development of Oja’oba Market in Ibadan 市场协会在伊巴丹奥哈奥巴市场发展中的作用
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_15A
O. Oyewale
Market Associations is an integral phenomenon on economic activities in Yorubaland. This study is an historical examination of the contribution of Market Associations to the growth and development of Oja’Oba market in Ibadan. It examines various associations in Oja’Oba market in Ibadan and their formations. The study revealed that the success of economic transactions in a market economy is determined by medium of exchange and availability of market associations which provide social interactions to individual involved in market transactions. The study derived its data from primary and secondary sources. The study concluded that market associations contributed greatly to the evolution of Oja’Oba market in Ibadan by providing links between traders, financial assistance to members and arbiters in conflict resolution.
市场协会是约鲁巴兰经济活动中不可或缺的现象。本研究是对市场协会对伊巴丹Oja'Oba市场增长和发展的贡献的历史考察。它考察了伊巴丹Oja'Oba市场的各种协会及其形成。研究表明,市场经济中经济交易的成功取决于交换媒介和为参与市场交易的个人提供社会互动的市场协会的可用性。该研究的数据来源于主要和次要来源。该研究得出结论,市场协会为伊巴丹Oja'Oba市场的发展做出了巨大贡献,为贸易商之间提供了联系,为成员提供了财政援助,并为解决冲突提供了仲裁者。
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引用次数: 0
The State of Affairs and Prospects of Application of Special Knowledge in the Investigation of Financial Criminal Offences 金融犯罪侦查中专业知识的应用现状与展望
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_08
L. Gerasymenko, N. Morhun, N. Pavlovska, S. Marchevskyi, O. Shevchuk
Special knowledge means specific knowledge, not considered common knowledge, on the phenomena, objects and processes in the surrounding world possessed by a particular group of people. Special knowledge is based on scientific findings and cannot be common knowledge. Special knowledge is acquired through purposeful professional training and practical experience in a particular sphere; they constitute a system of knowledge about specific objects, phenomena and patterns studied within a relevant scientific field.
特殊知识是指特定人群对周围世界的现象、物体和过程所拥有的特定知识,而不是一般知识。特殊知识是以科学发现为基础的,不能成为常识。特殊知识是通过有目的的专业培训和特定领域的实践经验获得的;它们构成了在相关科学领域内研究的特定对象、现象和模式的知识体系。
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引用次数: 0
Attic Philosophy Versus Stoicism: The Problem of the Boundaries of a Citizen's Moral Autonomy (to the Question of Relevance of Classical Theory of Ethics) 阿提克哲学与斯多葛主义:公民道德自主的边界问题(兼论古典伦理学的关联性问题)
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_04
Petr Makuhin
Topical at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century the problem of the degree of moral independence - and therefore responsibility! - of an individual from society/state in the article is considered "through the prism" of the ancient heritage. More precisely, through two prisms: classical Athenian philosophy and the teachings of the Stoics; The duality generated by this, the conflict of assessments of the situation is perceived by us positively, and moreover, it is used as an argument in favor of the need for students (including the technical university) to study the classical ethical heritage. After all, any of the teachings included in the latter contains an element of "relative truth", the assimilation of which will help to approach the "absolute truth" in deciding the question of the boundaries of our own moral autonomy.
在21世纪第三个十年初,主题是道德独立程度的问题,因此也是责任!-文章中对来自社会/国家的个人的描述被认为是“通过古代遗产的棱镜”。更确切地说,通过两个棱镜:古典雅典哲学和斯多葛学派的教义;由此产生的二元性,即对形势的评估冲突,被我们积极地感知,此外,它被用作支持学生(包括技术大学)学习古典伦理遗产的必要性的论据。毕竟,后者中包含的任何教义都包含“相对真理”的元素,对其进行同化将有助于在决定我们自己道德自主的边界问题时接近“绝对真理”。
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引用次数: 0
Technology for Placing Cargo into Orbit Based on Magnetic Levitation 基于磁悬浮的货物入轨技术
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_16
Anton Berhulov
The article provides a technology of placing cargo into orbit at middle and equatorial latitudes based on magnetic levitation in the Earth's magnetic field. A method for the implementation of Tsiolkovsky's space elevator using magnetic levitation in the Earth's magnetic field is proposed.
这篇文章提供了一种基于地球磁场中的磁悬浮将货物送入中赤道纬度轨道的技术。提出了一种利用地球磁场中的磁悬浮实现齐奥尔科夫斯基太空电梯的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Best International Practices of Combating Terrorism and Organised Crime by Special Units and Law Enforcement Agencies 特种部队和执法机构打击恐怖主义和有组织犯罪的最佳国际做法
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_07
N. Pavlovska, M. Kulyk, Yuliia Tereshchenko, H. Strilets, Anatolii Symchuk
Therefore, this unit as a component of the gendarmerie is built on the principle of a military unit. The gendarmerie, one of the few state institutions in France, has been in existence for over 200 years and has a status as DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_07 a significant component of the country's armed forces and is an extremely important part of the police system. The gendarmerie is subordinated to the Ministry of Defense (on the authority of the Main Directorate), and on the ground - to the command of military districts. At the same time, the gendarmerie is at the operational disposal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Justice. Significant autonomy within the Armed Forces allows the gendarmerie to combine military functions with purely police and administrative ones. The difference between police and gendarmerie is that the police are civilian civil servants. They can wear civilian clothes and trade union and political freedoms. Gendarmes also have the status of servicemen and military ranks, always in uniform, not entitled to strike and are responsible for violations in accordance with military charters - from guardians to dismissal from service (for example, for the use of alcohol "in the performance of official duties" the gendarme is threatened arrest for up to 30 days). The need for the creation of the Austrian Special Forces was conditioned by the urgency of taking measures to ensure the safety of the flow of emigrants of Jewish nationality from the former USSR since in autumn 1973 against them was committed serious terrorist act. Special unit "Cobra" enters the warehouse of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and has got a double subordination: through direct combat engagement to the head of public safety, and in relation to personnel issues and logistics - the central command of the gendarmerie of the Austrian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Among the well-known British Special Political Service (Special Air Service, or SAS) is probably the best counterterrorism unit. Its component - Special Projects (SP) team - the main anti-terrorist squad. The Special Air Service and its Counter Revolutionary Warfare Squadron (CRW) unit, the Antirevolutionary Military Squadron, were founded in 1942. The feature of training SAS servicemen is to teach each soldier to possess all methods and means of combating terrorism. To achieve this, SAS trains all of its squadron through training cycles. Acquired skills are improved later in the SP-team's combat duties. The main thing in the work is the maximum approximation of training sessions to a real combat situation in the conduct of operations on the release of hostages, in the role of which are civilians. Anti-terrorist training of SAS and the development of practical measures for the release of hostages is facilitated by the fact that high-ranking members of the British Government, including the Prime Minister, are personally involved in it.
因此,这支部队作为宪兵队的组成部分,是建立在军事部队的原则之上的。宪兵是法国为数不多的国家机构之一,已经存在了200多年,其身份为内政部:10.32370/IA_2021_03_07,是法国武装部队的重要组成部分,也是警察系统的极其重要的组成部分。宪兵隶属于国防部(根据总局的权力),在地面上隶属于军区司令部。与此同时,宪兵由内政部和司法部负责运作。武装部队内部的高度自治使宪兵能够将军事职能与纯粹的警察和行政职能相结合。警察和宪兵的区别在于,警察是文职公务员。他们可以穿便服,参加工会,享有政治自由。宪兵还具有军人和军衔的身份,始终穿着制服,无权罢工,并根据军事宪章对从监护人到开除的违规行为负责(例如,因“在执行公务时”饮酒,宪兵受到长达30天的逮捕威胁)。成立奥地利特种部队的必要性取决于采取措施确保前苏联犹太籍移民的安全的紧迫性,因为1973年秋季对他们实施了严重的恐怖主义行为。特种部队“眼镜蛇”进入内政部仓库,拥有双重隶属关系:通过与公共安全负责人的直接战斗,以及在人事问题和后勤方面——奥地利内政部宪兵队的中央指挥部。在著名的英国特种政治部队(特种空勤部队,简称SAS)中,可能是最好的反恐部队。其组成部分——特别项目小组——主要的反恐小组。特种空勤局及其反革命战争中队成立于1942年。训练SAS军人的特点是教会每个士兵掌握打击恐怖主义的所有方法和手段。为了实现这一目标,SAS通过训练周期对其所有中队进行训练。获得的技能会在SP团队的战斗任务后期得到提高。这项工作的主要内容是,在释放人质行动中,训练课程最大限度地接近真实的战斗情况,而人质的角色是平民。包括首相在内的英国政府高级成员亲自参与了SAS的反恐培训和制定释放人质的实际措施,这为其提供了便利。
{"title":"Best International Practices of Combating Terrorism and Organised Crime by Special Units and Law Enforcement Agencies","authors":"N. Pavlovska, M. Kulyk, Yuliia Tereshchenko, H. Strilets, Anatolii Symchuk","doi":"10.32370/IA_2021_03_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32370/IA_2021_03_07","url":null,"abstract":"Therefore, this unit as a component of the gendarmerie is built on the principle of a military unit. The gendarmerie, one of the few state institutions in France, has been in existence for over 200 years and has a status as DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_07 a significant component of the country's armed forces and is an extremely important part of the police system. The gendarmerie is subordinated to the Ministry of Defense (on the authority of the Main Directorate), and on the ground - to the command of military districts. At the same time, the gendarmerie is at the operational disposal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Justice. Significant autonomy within the Armed Forces allows the gendarmerie to combine military functions with purely police and administrative ones. The difference between police and gendarmerie is that the police are civilian civil servants. They can wear civilian clothes and trade union and political freedoms. Gendarmes also have the status of servicemen and military ranks, always in uniform, not entitled to strike and are responsible for violations in accordance with military charters - from guardians to dismissal from service (for example, for the use of alcohol \"in the performance of official duties\" the gendarme is threatened arrest for up to 30 days). The need for the creation of the Austrian Special Forces was conditioned by the urgency of taking measures to ensure the safety of the flow of emigrants of Jewish nationality from the former USSR since in autumn 1973 against them was committed serious terrorist act. Special unit \"Cobra\" enters the warehouse of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and has got a double subordination: through direct combat engagement to the head of public safety, and in relation to personnel issues and logistics - the central command of the gendarmerie of the Austrian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Among the well-known British Special Political Service (Special Air Service, or SAS) is probably the best counterterrorism unit. Its component - Special Projects (SP) team - the main anti-terrorist squad. The Special Air Service and its Counter Revolutionary Warfare Squadron (CRW) unit, the Antirevolutionary Military Squadron, were founded in 1942. The feature of training SAS servicemen is to teach each soldier to possess all methods and means of combating terrorism. To achieve this, SAS trains all of its squadron through training cycles. Acquired skills are improved later in the SP-team's combat duties. The main thing in the work is the maximum approximation of training sessions to a real combat situation in the conduct of operations on the release of hostages, in the role of which are civilians. Anti-terrorist training of SAS and the development of practical measures for the release of hostages is facilitated by the fact that high-ranking members of the British Government, including the Prime Minister, are personally involved in it.","PeriodicalId":42055,"journal":{"name":"Intelligenza Artificiale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43654490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Activities of Religious Organizations in Preschool Field of Ukraine (during 2nd half of 19th century – 1920s) 宗教组织在乌克兰学前教育领域的活动(19世纪下半叶—20世纪20年代)
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_11
N. Leshchenko
The article considers the contribution of Orthodox organizations and institutions to the functioning of Ukrainian preschool system during 2nd half of 19th century – 1920s. The analysis of the archival and source base denoted that the activities of the church-parish and monastery asylums, religious-educational fraternities, parish guardianships and private initiative of the clergy has subserved the formation of this branch at the social level. The author of the research defines and characterizes the main tendencies of their organizational and regulatory work with children of 3-6 years old (guardianship, educational activities, education). The attention is focused on the general characterizing of the basic ideas that were directly implemented in the practice of preschool education: the task of moral, religious, labour and physical education of children, the formation of their basic erudition and value orientation. The education of parents is also included in the activity spectrum of the religious institutions during the studied period. The presented material contributes to the deepening of scientific knowledge on the history of preschool education in Ukraine.
本文探讨了19世纪下半叶至20世纪20年代东正教组织和机构对乌克兰学前教育系统运作的贡献。对档案和资料来源的分析表明,教会教区和修道院收容所、宗教教育联谊会、教区警卫和神职人员的私人倡议的活动有助于在社会层面上形成这一分支。该研究的作者定义并描述了他们对3-6岁儿童的组织和监管工作(监护、教育活动、教育)的主要趋势。重点关注在学前教育实践中直接实施的基本思想的总体特征:对儿童进行道德、宗教、劳动和体育教育的任务,形成他们的基本知识和价值取向。在研究期间,父母的教育也被纳入宗教机构的活动范围。所提供的材料有助于加深乌克兰学前教育史的科学知识。
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引用次数: 0
Forming of Communicative and Communication Competence in Future Specialists of Vocational Education in Virtual Learning Environment of Computer Science Discipline 计算机学科虚拟学习环境下职业教育未来人才交际能力的形成
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_14
S. Yashanov, E. Bidenko, V. Nazarenko
The article characterizes modern approaches to teaching information disciplines in a virtual environment of teaching establishment. The concept of virtual learning environment is defined. The interpretation of communicative and communication competence is presented. The main directions of indirect pedagogical communication in the virtual learning environment of computer science disciplines are described. The communicative requirements to the organization of training of computer science disciplines on the basis of the virtual learning environment are analyzed and defined. The structure of communicative and communication competence is described. Identified the tools by which indirect learning is implemented in a virtual learning environment. A partial teaching methodology is proposed, which is implemented in a virtual learning environment. The structure of electronic educational and methodical complexes are characterized, which includes autonomous, local and distance educational courses and methodical support for their use in a specific computer science discipline placed in a virtual learning environment. The components of electronic educational and methodical complexes that reflect the author's concept of formation of communicative competencies and provide the implementation of the methodical system of teaching computer science disciplines in the virtual learning environment are analyzed. The method of teaching computer science disciplines in a virtual environment is described.
本文介绍了在虚拟教学环境中进行信息学科教学的现代方法。定义了虚拟学习环境的概念。对交际和交际能力进行了解释。论述了计算机学科虚拟学习环境中间接教学交流的主要方向。分析并定义了基于虚拟学习环境的计算机学科培训组织的交际要求。描述了交际和交际能力的结构。识别在虚拟学习环境中实现间接学习的工具。提出了一种局部教学方法,并在虚拟学习环境中实现。电子教育和方法复合体的结构具有特点,其中包括自主、本地和远程教育课程,以及在虚拟学习环境中对特定计算机科学学科使用这些课程的系统支持。分析了电子教育和方法复合体的组成部分,这些组成部分反映了作者的交际能力形成概念,并提供了在虚拟学习环境中教学计算机科学学科的方法系统的实施。介绍了在虚拟环境中进行计算机学科教学的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Monitoring of the Development Potential of Educational Services in General Secondary Education Institutions 普通中等教育机构教育服务发展潜力监测
IF 1.5 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.32370/IA_2021_03_13
H. Zvarych
The article considers the results of scientific research on the problem of monitoring the quality of educational services, as well as analyzes and summarizes the important parameters of such monitoring. The activities of educational institution have many components and aspects. Proposed to develop integrated indicators of the quality of educational services, which would combine many factors of educational activities and reflect the central goal of the educational process − the development of the child's personality. The author writes that comprehensive personal development is the main goal of educational activities, so such an integral criteria for the quality of educational services can be the development potential of the educational process in educational institutions. The article considers the system of students’ skills, abilities, personal and mental qualities, which provide an opportunity to successfully acquire the necessary school knowledge and skills. They are considered as indicators and manifestations of effective developmental effect of the educational process on the student's personality. They characterize the development potential of educational services. Described the following types of universal learning activities: cognitive (ability to learn, logical thinking, etc.), communicative (social competence, ability to communicate, etc.), regulatory (goal setting, planning, etc.), personal (provide value-semantic and moral-ethical orientations of students ). Criteria and levels for assessing the development potential of educational services were presented.
本文考虑了教育服务质量监测问题的科学研究结果,并分析和总结了教育服务监测的重要参数。教育机构的活动有许多组成部分和方面。建议制定教育服务质量综合指标,将教育活动的许多因素结合起来,反映教育过程的核心目标——儿童个性的发展。作者写道,全面的个人发展是教育活动的主要目标,因此,衡量教育服务质量的一个完整标准可以是教育机构教育过程的发展潜力。文章考虑了学生的技能、能力、个人素质和心理素质体系,这为成功获得必要的学校知识和技能提供了机会。它们被认为是教育过程对学生个性有效发展影响的指标和表现。它们体现了教育服务的发展潜力。描述了以下类型的普遍学习活动:认知(学习能力、逻辑思维等)、交际(社会能力、沟通能力等)、调节(目标设定、计划等)、个人(为学生提供价值语义和道德伦理取向)。介绍了评估教育服务发展潜力的标准和水平。
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引用次数: 0
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Intelligenza Artificiale
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