Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献_第10页

Bimetallic core-shell nano-architecture of Au@Pt as an effective electrochemical mediator for ultrasensitive detection of Listeria monocytogenes in cerebrospinal fluid 双金属核壳纳米结构Au@Pt作为脑脊液中单核增生李斯特菌超灵敏检测的有效电化学介质

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100873

Leila Mehrannia , Morteza Milani , Balal Khalilzadeh , Abolfazl Barzegari , Solmaz Sadi , Mohammad Reza Rashidi

Bacterial infections related to Listeria monocytogenes can lead to serious pathological conditions such as meningitis and meningoencephalitis in humans. Therefore, the detection of Listeria particles and byproducts is a very important issue in clinical settings. Nanostructures have been broadly utilized in different areas because of their unique physicochemical properties. Specifically, bimetallic nanostructures have been employed in the development of smart biosensor types. In the study, a simple and efficient platform utilizing bimetallic nanostructures was developed to create a diagnostic system for Listeria monocytogenes. The Au@Pt core-shell structure was synthesized and electrodeposited the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). A 24-mer thiolated single-strand probe, targeting the hly gene, was immobilized on the Au@Pt modified GCE to hybridize with the target sequence. Then, the electrochemical measurement with square wave voltammetry (SWV) technique was done to ensure the hybridization reaction. The biosensor's efficiency was validated using standard addition in real cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, to assess biosensor specificity in the detection of bacterial genomics in biofluids. The obtained results indicate that the designed biosensor was able to detect the target genomic sequences. This platform was capable of detecting targets in 5 to 60 attomolar and was proved as a practical detection limit. It is suggested that the designed platform with high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of target gene sequences in biofluids.

与单核细胞增生李斯特菌有关的细菌感染可导致严重的病理状况，如人类脑膜炎和脑膜脑炎。因此，检测李斯特菌颗粒和副产物是一个非常重要的问题，在临床设置。纳米结构以其独特的物理化学性质在不同领域得到了广泛的应用。具体来说，双金属纳米结构已被用于智能生物传感器的开发。在本研究中，利用双金属纳米结构建立了一个简单高效的平台来创建单核细胞增生李斯特菌的诊断系统。合成了Au@Pt核壳结构，并电沉积了玻碳电极（GCE）。将靶向hly基因的24-mer硫代单链探针固定在Au@Pt修饰的GCE上，与目标序列杂交。然后用方波伏安法（SWV）进行电化学测量，以保证杂交反应的进行。在真实脑脊液（CSF）样品中使用标准添加验证了生物传感器的效率，以评估生物传感器检测生物体液中细菌基因组学的特异性。实验结果表明，所设计的生物传感器能够检测目标基因组序列。该平台能够检测到5 ~ 60亚摩尔的目标，并被证明是一个实用的检测极限。结果表明，该平台具有较高的灵敏度和特异性，可用于生物体液中靶基因序列的检测。

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引用次数: 0

Multivariate diagnostics of electrochemical sensor drift by in situ impedance spectroscopy and voltammetry: A benzenediol-based framework 电化学传感器漂移的多变量诊断通过原位阻抗光谱和伏安法：一个基于苯二醇的框架

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100871

Abhilash Krishnamurthy , Kristina Žagar Soderžnik

Performance drift in electrochemical sensors remains a challenge in long-term and/or corrosive applications. We present a generalisable, in situ diagnostic framework based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), using screen-printed electrodes (SPE) and benzenediols (catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone) in acidic media as a model system. Two sensor types, unmodified and Pt/C-modified SPEs, were tested across repeated CV cycles, with polarisation resistance (R_P) and effective capacitance (C_eff) extracted from equivalent circuit models.

Unmodified SPEs showed progressive activation, while modified SPEs exhibited early improvement followed by degradation. To synthesise trends across R_P, C_eff, and net charge transfer (Qₙ) obtained from CV data, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. PCA revealed smooth, directional evolution for unmodified SPEs and disordered, non-monotonic drift in modified SPEs, reinforcing the EIS results.

This approach enables online, non-destructive tracking of electrochemical sensor health and offers a transferable framework for performance assurance, quality control, and lifecycle monitoring. It repositions EIS from static characterisation to an embedded, multivariate diagnostic tool.

电化学传感器的性能漂移在长期和/或腐蚀性应用中仍然是一个挑战。我们提出了一个基于电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和循环伏安法（CV）的通用现场诊断框架，使用丝网印刷电极（SPE）和酸性介质中的苯二醇（邻苯二酚、间苯二酚和对苯二酚）作为模型系统。两种类型的传感器，未修改的和Pt/ c修改的spe，在重复的CV循环中进行测试，极化电阻（RP）和有效电容（Ceff）从等效电路模型中提取。未修饰的spe表现为渐进式活化，而修饰的spe表现为早期改善，随后降解。为了综合RP、Ceff和净电荷转移(Q)的趋势，应用了主成分分析（PCA）。PCA显示未修饰的SPEs平滑、定向演化，而修饰的SPEs无序、非单调漂移，强化了EIS的结果。这种方法能够在线、无损地跟踪电化学传感器的健康状况，并为性能保证、质量控制和生命周期监测提供了一个可转移的框架。它将EIS从静态特征重新定位为嵌入式的多变量诊断工具。

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引用次数: 0

Humidity sensing application of CeO2 nanoparticles: mechanism interpretation with density functional theory CeO2纳米颗粒湿度传感应用：密度泛函理论的机理解释

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100872

M.V. Arularasu , V. Vetrivelan , A. Muthukrishnaraj , Manikandan Ayyar , D.S. Vijayan , S. Sathiyamurthy , Prabhu Paramasivam , Sandeep Kumar , Gaurav Kumar

Humidity sensors play a crucial role in non-contact measurements, particularly in environmental monitoring and healthcare systems. Among various materials, semiconductor metal oxides have gained significant attention due to their favorable physicochemical and electrical properties, making them ideal candidates for humidity sensing applications. In this study, cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via a green synthesis route using Morinda tinctoria leaf extract, inspired by biomimetic processes. Comprehensive characterization techniques-including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and UV–Vis spectroscopy-were employed to evaluate the structural, functional, morphological, elemental, and optical features of the synthesized NPs. XRD confirmed the formation of pure, crystalline CeO₂ in the cubic phase without any metallic Ce impurities. Microscopy revealed a porous morphology, contributing significantly to the enhanced humidity sensing performance. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity to relative humidity (RH) across the range of 5 %–98 % at room temperature, with a resistance variation of up to 2218 Ω—demonstrating a five-order magnitude response and excellent linearity. Moreover, the sensor showed rapid response and recovery times of 23 and 44 s, respectively, along with good long-term stability. These eco-friendly and cost-effective CeO₂-based humidity sensors are well-suited for agriculture and humidity monitoring applications. To further understand the sensing mechanism, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed. Topological analysis using electron localization function (ELF) maps elucidated the nature of bonding in CeO₂ and its interaction with water molecules.

湿度传感器在非接触式测量中发挥着至关重要的作用，特别是在环境监测和医疗保健系统中。在各种材料中，半导体金属氧化物由于其良好的物理化学和电学性能而获得了极大的关注，使其成为湿度传感应用的理想候选者。在本研究中，受仿生工艺的启发，以Morinda tinctoria叶提取物为原料，通过绿色合成路线合成了氧化铈（ceo2）纳米颗粒（NPs）。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、能量色散x射线能谱（EDS）和紫外可见光谱等综合表征技术对合成的NPs进行了结构、功能、形态、元素和光学等方面的表征。XRD证实在立方相中形成了纯净、结晶的CeO 2，没有任何金属Ce杂质。显微镜显示多孔形态，有助于显著提高湿度传感性能。该传感器在室温下对相对湿度（RH）的灵敏度为5% - 98%，电阻变化高达2218 Ω-demonstrating，具有5个数量级的响应和良好的线性。传感器的响应时间和恢复时间分别为23 s和44 s，且具有良好的长期稳定性。这些环保且具有成本效益的基于CeO 2的湿度传感器非常适合农业和湿度监测应用。为了进一步了解传感机理，进行了密度泛函理论（DFT）计算。利用电子定位函数（ELF）图的拓扑分析阐明了ceo2中的键合性质及其与水分子的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigating melanin-induced bias in pulse oximetry: Optical, algorithmic, engineering, hardware and modeling tools 减轻脉搏血氧测量中黑色素引起的偏差：光学，算法，工程，硬件和建模工具

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100876

McKenzie Bradley , Sydnee Barrett , Ty McKelvey, Jeremiah Carpenter, Delphine Dean

Melanin, the primary determinant of skin pigmentation, absorbs light at wavelengths that can have significant impact on the accuracy of pulse oximetry and other optical biosensing methods. This narrative review examines key factors influencing melanin-dependent pulse oximetry inaccuracies, including optical interference in transmission and reflectance modes. These inaccuracies further highlight the need for use of standardized skin tone metrics in device testing and design such as the Monk Skin Tone scale and Individual Typology Angle for performance stratification. There are several approaches in development that hope to address the errors in pulse oximetry measurements on melanin-rich skin. These include algorithmic and engineering approaches such as multi-wavelength sensing, regression-based correction, and machine learning models demonstrating significant reductions in melanin-induced error. Advances in pulse oximeter hardware and testing are also considered, including tissue-mimicking phantoms, optimized light sources, sensor design, and wearable innovations. Modeling tools, particularly Monte Carlo simulations, are also reviewed for their role in sensor design, spectral optimization, and algorithm training. Finally, evolving regulatory and equity frameworks are discussed, highlighting the January 2025 US FDA guidance on skin tone subgroup reporting. These findings underscore the need for skin-aware calibration and integrated modeling to ensure equitable pulse oximetry performance across diverse populations.

黑色素是皮肤色素沉着的主要决定因素，它吸收波长的光，这对脉搏血氧仪和其他光学生物传感方法的准确性有重大影响。本文综述了影响黑色素依赖性脉搏血氧仪不准确性的关键因素，包括传输和反射模式中的光干扰。这些不准确性进一步强调了在设备测试和设计中使用标准化肤色指标的必要性，如Monk肤色量表和个人类型角度，用于性能分层。有几种方法正在开发中，希望能解决在富含黑色素的皮肤上脉搏血氧仪测量的错误。其中包括算法和工程方法，如多波长传感、基于回归的校正和机器学习模型，这些模型都能显著减少黑色素引起的误差。脉搏血氧仪硬件和测试方面的进展也被考虑在内，包括组织模拟模型、优化光源、传感器设计和可穿戴创新。建模工具，特别是蒙特卡罗模拟，也回顾了它们在传感器设计、光谱优化和算法训练中的作用。最后，讨论了不断发展的监管和公平框架，重点介绍了2025年1月美国FDA关于肤色分组报告的指导意见。这些发现强调了皮肤感知校准和集成建模的必要性，以确保在不同人群中公平的脉搏血氧仪性能。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a novel protocol for processing fluorescent microspheres used in quantifying tissue perfusion 开发一种用于定量组织灌注荧光微球处理的新方案

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100865

Michael B. Nelappana , Catherine C. Applegate , Leopold J.B. Pinot , Elaine A. Nielsen , Karl Baumgartel , Goodluck Okoro , Leszek Kalinowski , Iwona T. Dobrucki , Lawrence W. Dobrucki

Alteration of blood perfusion leads to some of the most common cardiovascular pathologies. Current methods for measuring perfusion use fluorescent polystyrene microspheres (MS) that are systemically injected prior to processing to obtain the absolute number of MS trapped inside the tissue. The current standard method is cost-intensive and carries a high risk of MS loss, leading to underestimation of regional perfusion. This study aimed to develop an improved, cost-efficient protocol for measuring regional perfusion through the processing and direct imaging of fluorescent MS embedded ex vivo. Porcine and control samples treated with MS were chemically digested, filtered through either a polycarbonate (PCTE) or cellulose filter, and fluorescence was measured either through the standard fluorometric method or through the proposed direct imaging method. In the standard fluorometric method, interactions were found between the PCTE filter and porcine samples, leading to dampened signal and the subsequent underestimation of regional perfusion in practice. The proposed direct imaging method with cellulose filters showed improved sensitivity even within low MS levels (limit of detection improved significantly), amplification of sample fluorescence (11-13× when compared to PCTE filters), parity between porcine and control samples, and a reduction in cost providing a significant improvement over the industry standard for fluorescent MS perfusion measurement (28–51 % reduction compared to standard method). The proposed method also removed the need for 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate, a teratogen and plastic softener, and reduced complexity in the workflow.

血液灌注的改变导致一些最常见的心血管疾病。目前测量灌注的方法使用荧光聚苯乙烯微球（MS），在处理之前系统注射，以获得组织内捕获的MS的绝对数量。目前的标准方法成本高，MS损失风险高，导致对区域灌注的低估。本研究旨在开发一种改进的、经济有效的方案，通过处理和直接成像荧光质谱嵌入离体来测量区域灌注。用质谱处理的猪和对照样品被化学消化，通过聚碳酸酯（PCTE）或纤维素过滤器过滤，并通过标准荧光法或通过提出的直接成像法测量荧光。在标准的荧光法中，发现PCTE过滤器与猪样品之间存在相互作用，导致信号衰减，随后在实践中低估了区域灌注。所提出的纤维素过滤器直接成像方法即使在低MS水平下也显示出更高的灵敏度（检测限显着提高），样品荧光扩增（与PCTE过滤器相比11-13倍），猪和对照样品之间的一致性，以及成本的降低，提供了比荧光MS灌注测量的行业标准的显着改进（与标准方法相比降低28 - 51%）。该方法还消除了对2-乙氧基乙酸乙酯（一种致畸物和塑料软化剂）的需求，并降低了工作流程的复杂性。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-target electrochemical aptasensor for the simultaneous detection of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in biological fluids 同时检测生物体液中白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α的双靶电化学感应传感器

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100866

Maria-Bianca Irimes , Alexandra Pusta , Daniel Coker , Paul Cristian Martian , Maria Suciu , Stanca-Lucia Pandrea , Mihaela Tertis , Cecilia Cristea , Radu Oprean

Cytokines are key signaling biomolecules involved in cell growth, immune regulation, inflammation, and cancer-related processes, being valuable biomarkers for diagnosing medical conditions, assessing prognosis, and monitoring treatment efficacy. This study aimed to develop a customized platform enabling the simultaneous electrochemical detection of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in biological fluids.

The platform was fabricated using in-lab printed electrochemical cells. The working electrode was functionalized with Au and Pt nanoparticles to enhance detection sensitivity. The specificity towards the targets was achieved by immobilizing two distinct aptamers, each labeled with a different redox probe, allowing parallel signal readouts and implicitly the simultaneous detection of the two biomarkers. The aptasensor demonstrated simultaneous detection of IL-6 and TNF-α within a linear range of 5–5000 pg/mL, achieving a limit of detection of 1.6 pg/mL. The dual-target aptasensor was validated using real biological samples, including raw saliva and sweat, collected from patients and healthy individuals. Results obtained from the aptasensor were cross-verified with ELISA and validated through statistical analysis.

细胞因子是参与细胞生长、免疫调节、炎症和癌症相关过程的关键信号生物分子，是诊断疾病、评估预后和监测治疗效果的有价值的生物标志物。本研究旨在开发一种定制的平台，能够同时电化学检测生物体液中的白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)。该平台是用实验室打印的电化学电池制造的。工作电极被金和铂纳米粒子功能化，以提高检测灵敏度。对目标的特异性是通过固定两个不同的适体来实现的，每个适体都用不同的氧化还原探针标记，允许并行信号读出，并隐含地同时检测两种生物标志物。该适体传感器在5-5000 pg/mL的线性范围内同时检测IL-6和TNF-α，达到1.6 pg/mL的检测限。双靶点适配体传感器使用真实的生物样本进行验证，包括从患者和健康个体收集的原始唾液和汗液。与酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行交叉验证，并进行统计分析。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasound-assisted DLLME with natural deep eutectic solvent and smartphone-based colorimetry for Pb(II) detection in water 超声波辅助DLLME与天然深共熔溶剂及智能手机比色法检测水中铅（II）

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100867

Nayyer Azhdari , Biuck Habibi , Zahra Ayazi , Elaheh Rahimpour

This research presents a novel, cost-efficient and high-performance method for preconcentration and detection of lead ions [Pb(II)] using ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (USA-DLLME) combined with digital image colorimetry (DIC). The extraction phase included a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) made from choline chloride and thymol. The digital colorimetric analysis is based on the color transition of the Pb(II)[1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN)]₂ complex, which changes from orange to wine red color in ethanol. The images of the NADES solution containing Pb(II) complex were captured using an Android smartphone and processed with the Color Grab application. Under the optimum conditions, a calibration curve for Pb(II) was constructed using the green channel intensity over the concentration range of 10 to 300 ng/mL, yielding a strong linear correlation (R² = 0.9929). The detection limit and quantification limit were determined as 5.21 ng/mL and 17.38 ng/mL, respectively. The method demonstrated good precision with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 1.02 % within a single day and 1.25 % across multiple days. Finally, the current method was successfully applied to quantify the Pb(II) in mineral, tap and river water samples, achieving relative recoveries between 94.0 % and 102.5 %, confirming its reliability and suitability for analyzing real water samples.

本研究提出了一种新颖、高效、高效的超声辅助分散液液微萃取（USA-DLLME）结合数字图像比色法（DIC）预富集和检测铅离子[Pb(II)]的方法。萃取相为由氯化胆碱和百里酚组成的天然深共溶溶剂（NADES）。数字比色分析是基于Pb(II)[1-（2-吡啶偶氮）-2-萘酚（PAN）]2配合物的颜色转变，该配合物在乙醇中由橙色变为酒红色。使用Android智能手机捕获含有Pb（II）配合物的NADES溶液的图像，并使用Color Grab应用程序进行处理。在最佳条件下，在10 ~ 300 ng/mL的浓度范围内，以绿色通道强度构建了铅（II）的校准曲线，线性相关性强（R2 = 0.9929）。检测限为5.21 ng/mL，定量限为17.38 ng/mL。方法精密度高，单日相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.02%，多日相对标准偏差为1.25%。最后，将该方法成功应用于矿物、自来水和河流水样中Pb（II）的定量，相对回收率在94.0% ~ 102.5%之间，验证了该方法对实际水样分析的可靠性和适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Currently available technologies for continuous sodium monitoring in plasma or interstitial fluid: A scoping review 血浆或间质液连续钠监测的现有技术：范围综述

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100850

Yu Zhang , Hanneke M. van Santen , Ruben E.A. Musson , Panos Markopoulos , Yuan Lu

The human body maintains plasma sodium concentration within a narrow range of 135 to 145 mmol/L to ensure homeostasis. Being outside this range denotes hyponatremia (below 135 mmol/L) or hypernatremia (above 145 mmol/L), which can cause serious health problems. Current sodium monitoring is performed using point-of-care devices, which require blood sampling every time. It is cumbersome and uncomfortable for patients who require frequent sodium measurements daily. It would be ideal to continuously monitor plasma sodium concentration to reduce burden and detect abnormalities earlier. The sodium concentration in interstitial fluid is close to plasma sodium. Thus, this scoping review presents the current technological developments for continuous sodium monitoring (CSM) in plasma or interstitial fluid. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. 11 articles that presented technologies for the continuous monitoring of sodium concentrations in plasma or interstitial fluid with at least a technology readiness level of four were included for review. Seven of them presented microneedle(MN)-based solutions for CSM, and the remaining four were fluorescence(FS)-based. MN-based sodium sensors are all-solid-state sodium ion-selective electrodes designed as MN arrays or standalone MNs. FS-based CSM technologies inject sodium-sensitive fluorophores into the bloodstream or subcutaneously to reflect local sodium concentrations. Comparison of these two technological paths based on expected patient experience revealed that MN-based technologies appear more feasible for daily use and promising for further development due to their minimal invasiveness and compact wearability.

人体将血浆钠浓度维持在135 ~ 145 mmol/L的狭窄范围内，以保证体内平衡。超出这个范围表示低钠血症（低于135毫摩尔/升）或高钠血症（高于145毫摩尔/升），这可能导致严重的健康问题。目前的钠监测是使用即时护理设备进行的，每次都需要采血。对于每天需要频繁测量钠含量的患者来说，这种方法既麻烦又不舒服。持续监测血浆钠浓度，减轻负担，及早发现异常，是理想的。间质液钠浓度与血浆钠浓度相近。因此，本文综述了血浆或间质液连续钠监测（CSM）的最新技术进展。该研究遵循了系统评价的首选报告项目和范围评价的元分析扩展（PRISMA-ScR）清单。11篇介绍血浆或间质液中钠浓度连续监测技术的文章被纳入审查，技术成熟度至少为4级。其中7种是基于微针（MN）的CSM溶液，其余4种是基于荧光（FS）的CSM溶液。锰基钠传感器是全固态钠离子选择性电极，设计为锰阵列或独立的锰。基于fs的CSM技术将钠敏感荧光团注入血液或皮下以反映局部钠浓度。基于预期患者体验的两种技术路径的比较表明，基于mn的技术似乎更适合日常使用，并且由于其最小的侵入性和紧凑的可穿戴性，具有进一步发展的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Stability insights into synthetic biology enabled biosensors: A case study with SARS-CoV2 toehold-based colorimetric sensor 对合成生物学生物传感器的稳定性见解：以SARS-CoV2为基础的比色传感器为例研究

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100775

Swetha Mariam Stanley, Harvinder Khera

Improving medical and environmental diagnostics has become a pressing need. Synthetic biologists are steering biomolecular engineering efforts toward this objective, promising novel, cost-effective diagnostic solutions. While conventional antibody-based diagnostics are sensitive, they are slow, costly, and struggle with emerging pathogens or rare diseases. Synthetic biology's rapid design-to-production cycles offer a solution, introducing engineered gene circuits that diversify molecular detection, create dynamic sensors, and enable portable diagnostic tools. Toehold switch-based diagnostics emerge as a promising, inexpensive, rapid, and highly sensitive alternative to RT-qPCR, especially beneficial in resource-limited regions. These devices, adaptable to paper-based platforms, offer potential for widespread use in low-resource settings. Ensuring stability and functionality under varying environmental factors poses a challenge in their practical implementation for diagnostic purposes. To address this, our study focuses on preserving cell fee expression systems under extended temperature stress through lyophilization. Lyophilization emerges as a crucial method, potentially ensuring prolonged stability and convenient transportation of diagnostic components. We emphasize the significance of choosing the appropriate lyoprotectant, underscoring the necessity of exploring various lyoprotectants to ensure scalability and cost-effectiveness in these molecular tools. Our demonstration of dextran's practical utility in enhancing the stability of lyophilized cell-free expression system for colorimetric diagnostics, especially in detecting synthetic triggers for SARS-CoV-2, signifies a promising advancement in molecular diagnostics for resource-limited settings.

改善医疗和环境诊断已成为迫切需要。合成生物学家正在引导生物分子工程努力实现这一目标，有希望的新颖，具有成本效益的诊断解决方案。虽然传统的基于抗体的诊断方法很敏感，但它们速度慢、成本高，而且难以应对新出现的病原体或罕见疾病。合成生物学的快速设计到生产周期提供了一种解决方案，引入了工程基因电路，使分子检测多样化，创建动态传感器，并使便携式诊断工具成为可能。基于支点开关的诊断作为RT-qPCR的一种有前景、廉价、快速和高度敏感的替代方法出现，在资源有限的地区尤其有益。这些设备适用于纸质平台，有可能在资源匮乏的环境中广泛使用。确保在不同环境因素下的稳定性和功能性对其用于诊断目的的实际实施提出了挑战。为了解决这个问题，我们的研究重点是通过冻干来保存延长温度胁迫下的细胞费用表达系统。冻干成为一种重要的方法，有可能确保诊断成分的长期稳定性和方便运输。我们强调选择合适的lyo保护剂的重要性，强调探索各种lyo保护剂的必要性，以确保这些分子工具的可扩展性和成本效益。我们展示了葡聚糖在提高冻干无细胞表达系统的稳定性方面的实用性，特别是在检测SARS-CoV-2的合成触发物方面，这标志着在资源有限的环境下分子诊断方面的一个有希望的进步。

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引用次数: 0

Molybdenum diselenide-based optical fiber biosensors for targeted detection of lung cancer-associated DNA 基于二硒钼的光纤生物传感器用于肺癌相关DNA的靶向检测

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100859

Hamed Taheri , Maryam Nayeri , Navid Nasirizadeh , Seyed Morteza Seifati , Fatemeh Ostovari

The emergence of molybdenum diselenide as a nanomaterial with unique electronic, mechanical, chemical, and optical properties has significantly advanced research in various biomedical sciences and the development of biosensors for biomolecule analysis. This research introduces a molybdenum diselenide-based biosensor to identify DNA molecules related to lung cancer. To stabilize single-stranded DNA containing a thiol group on the optical fiber surface, key parameters in the biosensor, such as stability time, solution concentration, and input power for single-stranded DNA molecules, were optimized. The hybridization process and the time required for it were evaluated, and the effect of the target molecule quantity on the limit of detection was analyzed. The results from the biosensor showed a significant increase in the optical refractive index in the optical fiber with two complementary strands compared to a single strand. In contrast, the hybridization process with non-complementary strands indicated minimal effect. The sensor demonstrated high effectiveness and selectivity in identifying single strands of DNA. Analytical properties such as linearity, detection limit, and repeatability were assessed for the designed sensor. The results indicate that it can detect concentrations from 1000 nM to 0.07 nM, with a detection limit of 88.58 pM. Its response speed is just one second, and it outperforms other sensors. Identification, early diagnosis, advanced awareness, and follow-up of lung cancer are crucial factors that can significantly facilitate treatment.

二硒化钼作为一种具有独特的电子、机械、化学和光学特性的纳米材料的出现，极大地推动了各种生物医学科学的研究和用于生物分子分析的生物传感器的发展。本研究介绍了一种基于二硒化钼的生物传感器，用于识别与肺癌相关的DNA分子。为了稳定光纤表面含有巯基的单链DNA，优化了生物传感器中的关键参数，如稳定时间、溶液浓度和单链DNA分子的输入功率。评价了杂交过程和所需时间，分析了目标分子数量对检出限的影响。生物传感器的结果表明，与单线相比，具有两条互补线的光纤的光学折射率显着增加。相反，与非互补链杂交过程显示最小的影响。该传感器在识别单链DNA方面具有很高的有效性和选择性。对所设计的传感器进行了线性度、检出限和重复性等分析性能评估。结果表明，该方法可检测浓度为1000 nM ~ 0.07 nM，检出限为88.58 pM。它的响应速度只有一秒，比其他传感器性能更好。肺癌的识别、早期诊断、提高意识和随访是显著促进治疗的关键因素。

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