Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献

The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is critical for assessing water quality, linking the quantity of biodegradable organic carbon with pollution levels. Electrochemical biosensors have shown great improvements over traditional BOD measurement methods by offering the advantages of simplicity, rapid response, high sensitivity, and real-time monitoring. In this review, we discuss different types of BOD electrochemical biosensors, including oxygen electrode-, microbial fuel cell (MFC)-, and microbial electrolysis cell (MEC)-type sensors, focusing on recent advances in microbial community composition, electrode materials, and optimization approaches. Moreover, current challenges in developing effective electrochemical biosensors for BOD detection are presented to meet diverse sample needs.

Nuts are a well-known cause of food allergy and, once this has been diagnosed, due to the likelihood of cross-sensitization to multiple tree nut allergens, their strict avoidance from the diet is advisable. In this context, we present electrochemical bioplatforms to detect traces of hazelnut and walnut in processed foods through the determination of their respective allergenic proteins Cor a 9 and Jug r 1 in a fast and sensitive assay. First, the evaluation of the single determination of both proteins was performed by building sandwich immunoconjugates on the surface of magnetic microbeads relying on specific antibodies unmodified or conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. Amperometric transduction was made upon trapping the magnetic bioconjugates on the surface of disposable carbon electrodes, using the hydroquinone/hydrogen peroxide system. The great analytical performance achieved with the individual platforms (detection limits of 0.12 and 0.56 ng mL⁻¹ for Jug r 1 and Cor a 9, respectively), led us to the individual and dual quantification of both proteins in raw dough and baked cookies incurred with ground nuts. The developed method allowed detecting baked cookies incurred with 0.0025% ground walnut and 0.00002% ground hazelnut with results comparable to those provided by ELISA techniques. The feasibility of performing the dual determination of both allergens in a single run was demonstrated.

In this study, a simple, fast and sensitive voltammetric detection using boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was proposed for simultaneous quantification of benzene (BZ), naphthalene (NF) and anthracene (AC) from priority organic pollutants class in real tap water. The electrochemical behaviors of individual and simultaneous BZ, NF and AC studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) on BDD electrode showed a large separation between their oxidation potential, which allowed the development of simple simultaneous detection method. Differential-pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique operated at step potential of 5 mV and modulation amplitude of 200 mV enabled to reach the lowest limits of detection of 0.40 μM for BZ, 0.04 μM for NF and 0.70 nM for AC, which is appropriate for water quality control related to their environmental quality standards. No significant influence of chloride ions was found and the method was validated in real tap water and surface water spiked with known concentrations of BZ, NF and AC, which proved the practical utility of the method for water quality control.

A biochip assay provides high-throughput and multiplexed analysis of biological samples, chemicals, and natural products. Pruritus is itchiness due to several causes, such as allergy, dry skin, pregnancy, liver disease, kidney disease, and thyroid disease. Treatment of pruritus is associated with reduced immunoglobulin (IgE) and FcεRI levels in sera. Treatment of pruritus include corticosteroid creams or ointment. However, they have side effects, so we need a safer treatment using natural products. Here, we developed an assay using protein chip technology to identify natural products with antipruritic activity that inhibit IgE-FcεRI binding. Of the 28 tested natural product extracts, Corni Fructus extract inhibited human IgE-FcεRI binding and also showed anti-histamine effects in MC/9 mast cells. These results suggest that this protein biochip assay system can be used to identify promising natural product extracts for the treatment of pruritus.

Nanogap nanowires have gained attention for their potential applications in biosensing due to their unique physical properties, such as high surface-to-volume ratios and enhanced sensitivity. These nanowires can be used as electrodes in electrochemical biosensors, improving the sensitivity and selectivity of these devices. They can also be integrated into sensor platforms using mature nano-fabrication procedures. These advancements offer great potential for developing highly sensitive and accurate biosensors for various applications, including biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Nanogap nanowires have revolutionized the field by providing enhanced sensitivity and accuracy in detecting biological molecules. They have also been used in the fabrication of segmented nanowires for chemical sensing, allowing for more precise and targeted detection of specific analytes. Nanogap nanowires have shown promise in protein biomarker analysis, enabling ultra-sensitive detection of protein biomarkers at low levels. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in Nanogap Nanowires and their applications in biosensing.

Utilizing LC resonant metamaterials (MM) for terahertz (THz) impedance spectroscopy has opened new avenues for detection of biomolecules and nanoparticles. A recent revelation highlights the pivotal role of coupling between MM resonance and Fabry-Pérot (FP) oscillations of the substrate. This interaction significantly influences the observed spectral shift ($\mathrm{\Delta F}$), thereby enhancing the overall sensitivity. In this work, we utilize the FP-MM optical decoupling physics for sensitivity enhancement to detect bio-particles at extremely low concentrations, thereby overcoming the particle detection limit. After implementing these innovations, we discovered that this technology can be leveraged to detect and screen patients infected with the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 and other lung related diseases using exhaled breath from patients. Upon achieving excellent agreement between simulations and experimental spectroscopic data, we have successfully detected and screened multiple respiratory-related diseases from the exhaled breath collected on the metasurface in a breathalyzer configuration. We obtained significant $\mathrm{\Delta F}$ even with ultra-low concentrations of bio-particles and demarcated the ranges of $\mathrm{\Delta F}$ for different lung diseases that do no overlap and are not constrained by any limit of detection. This work reveals new prospects for diagnosis and screening of multiple respiratory-related diseases with a single and prompt breath test.

In this paper, an innovative device with gas remote-sensing capability is proposed, which is based on the interaction between magnetic nanoparticles and gases associated with exhaled breath biomarkers that can have a metabolic origin. Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles of around 30 nm have been used. The gas molecules adsorbed on surface modulate the magnetization of the nanoparticles and magnetostatic surface spin waves (MSSW) propagated on an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) thin film are used to detect this modulation by the induced frequency shift. The optimization of the remote gas sensor has been carried out through simulations of a magnetic model. Simulations show the feasibility of developing a high-performance remote sensor by encapsulating the nanostructures in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube and detecting part per million changes in their magnetization. The results show the possibility of developing new, inexpensive, reusable, contactless magnetic gas sensors employing spin waves as transductor. The developed sensor shows a high sensitivity and selectivity to concentrations as low as 50 ppm of different breath biomarkers.

An innovative three-electrode system was developed for electrochemical analysis, aiming to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches. The system incorporates a glassy carbon rod as the working electrode, platinum wire as the counter electrode, and silver wire as the quasi-reference electrode that are positioned within an epoxy resin substrate. The advantages of this type of three-electrode system include the possibility of sample analysis in both drop mode and when immersed in the solution, low manufacturing cost, reduction of chemical consumption, no need for special maintenance protocols, no requirement for stand, absence of liquid junction potential (due to the direct contact of the reference electrode with the solution), usability for on-site analysis, and usability for non-aqueous solutions.

To check the efficiency of this electrode, cyclic voltammetry technique was used. Also, for direct comparison of PTE with conventional three-electrode system and screen-printed electrode (SPE), current density was used instead of peak current. According to the results, PTE system shows more peak current for the same surface area of the working electrode compared to other systems, which shows the high efficiency of the proposed system for electrochemical analysis. Acetaminophen (ACT) was chosen in order to investigate the ability to measure an analyte with PTE using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The linear range was obtained from 29.12 μM to 609.37 μM with a detection limit (LOD) 20.22 μM. Also, PTE was used to measure ACT in tablet as real sample.

Infectious diseases in farm animals triggered by pathogenic microorganisms affect the health and well-being of livestock and human populations. Pathogen detection is an important step for the successful diagnosis, treatment and control of infectious diseases in animals. Pathogens that persist in the poultry and livestock industries can be responsible for more than 70% of emerging infections. Thus, rapid diagnostic tools are extremely important. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a great opportunity to tackle this challenge and to develop fast, accurate and economical diagnostics for the detection of pathogens. Various nanostructures, due to the presence of unique characteristics shown in nanomaterials, have already been applied in biodiagnostics to detect specific molecular targets, including pathogen detection. In this context, this review focuses on the application, role and challenges of nanosensors in detecting disease-causing pathogens in agriculture. Several nanostructures are investigated for their utility in providing innovative solutions for pathogen detection in farm animals. This comprehensive examination seeks to unravel the intricate nanosensors landscape, shedding some light on their role in advancing diagnostic capabilities within the agricultural domain. By elucidating the challenges inherent in their application, the review contributes to the ongoing discourse on harnessing nanotechnology for the detection and management of infectious diseases in livestock, ultimately paving the way for developments in veterinary diagnostics.

The technology of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is widely recognized and valued for its ability to rapidly and sensitively investigate biomolecular interactivities in real-time. Herein, we numerically investigate the collective influence of metal/ transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)/halide perovskite (HP)/2D carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) allotropes on the functionality of an SPR biosensor deploying Kretschmann configuration. The incident light wavelength is held constant at 633 nm, and radiative properties of the hybrid structure are determined using the attenuated total reflection and transfer matrix techniques. Crucial performance metrics such as quality factor (QF), figure of merit (FoM), sensitivity, and detection accuracy are calculated. The comparison is conducted and evaluated against the current literature using performance outcomes in terms of several prisms such as BK7, BAK1, BAF10, SF5, SF10, SF11, 2S2G, CaF₂, and CsF, several TMDCs such as WS₂, MoS₂, WSe₂, MoSe₂, and PtSe₂, several HPs such as CsPbI₃, KSnI₃, CsSnI₃, and FASnI₃, and 2D C/P allotropes such as Graphene, MXene, Black phosphorene (BP), and Blue phosphorene (BlueP) in order to search optimum parameters, and then we implement the best one in each layer of this biosensor design. It is noticed that the SPR heterostructure based on BAK1 prism, plasmonic metal Ag, tungsten disulfide (WS₂) TMDC, formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI₃) HP and 2D BP exhibits outstanding performance with regard to sensor performance characteristics. The observed FoM and sensitivity are 48.2/RIU and 402°/RIU, respectively. The investigation of the electric field distribution within this biosensor along the normal to the interface is also conducted using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) approach to demonstrate the unique contribution of FASnI₃. The findings presented in this study are anticipated to play a key role in the improvement of plasmonic resonance-based biosensing domains like DNA hybridization or formalin detection by employing halide perovskite as an additional layer in SPR biosensors.