Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献_第4页

Dual emissive carbon dots as Ratiometric fluorescence sensors: A comprehensive review 作为比例荧光传感器的双发射碳点：综述

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100930

Samar H. Elagamy , Reem Hasan Obaydo , Aya Barseem , Hayam Lotfy

Ratiometric fluorescence sensing offers significant advantages over traditional fluorescence techniques due to its inherent self-referencing nature, enabling robust and accurate measurements. This review focuses on the utilization of Carbon Dots (CDs) as promising platforms for developing ratiometric fluorescence sensors RFS. It outlines the fundamental principles of ratiometric sensing, highlighting its advantages over traditional fluorescence methods. The sensing mechanisms employed in ratiometric sensors are discussed, including intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF), photoinduced electron transfer (PET), excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), aggregation-induced emission (AIE), static quenching effect (SQE), dynamic quenching (DQE) and internal filtration effect (IFE). Furthermore, various methods for constructing CD-based RFS are investigated in this review, including surface functionalization, doping, mixing strategy, hybridization/compositing, and synthesis of intrinsic dual-emissive CDs. In addition, the diverse applications of CD-based RFS in key areas are discussed, such as environmental monitoring, food safety analysis, pharmaceutical analysis, bioanalysis, and bioimaging. Finally, this review highlights the challenges associated with CD-based RFS and outlines potential directions for future research.

比率荧光传感由于其固有的自参考特性，比传统的荧光技术具有显著的优势，能够实现鲁棒和准确的测量。本文综述了利用碳点（cd）作为有前途的平台来开发比率荧光传感器。它概述了比率传感的基本原理，突出了其优于传统荧光方法的优点。讨论了用于比例传感器的传感机制，包括分子内电荷转移（ICT）、荧光共振能量转移（FRET）、螯合增强荧光（CHEF）、光诱导电子转移（PET）、激化态分子内质子转移（ESIPT）、聚集诱导发射（AIE）、静态猝灭效应（SQE）、动态猝灭效应（DQE）和内部过滤效应（IFE）。此外，本文还研究了构建基于cd的RFS的各种方法，包括表面功能化、掺杂、混合策略、杂化/复合以及合成本征双发射cd。此外，还讨论了基于cd的RFS在环境监测、食品安全分析、药物分析、生物分析和生物成像等关键领域的应用。最后，本综述强调了基于cd的RFS所面临的挑战，并概述了未来研究的潜在方向。

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引用次数: 0

Design of La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO nanocomposites as an electrochemical sensor for acetaminophen detection La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO纳米复合材料检测对乙酰氨基酚的电化学传感器设计

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100929

Hamna Shafaq , Saima Anjum , Sidra Tul Muntaha , Nawal Qureshi , Muhammad Imran Khan , Abdallah Shanableh , Sameh M. Osman , Rafael Luque

This study was aimed to design an innovative and highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for Acetaminophen analysis. La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO nanocomposite was synthesized via hydrothermal approach for the detection of acetaminophen in pharmaceutical products and biological samples. Characterization of La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO was conducted using UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray powder diffraction, EIS and electrochemical determination was carried out by DPV and CV. Voltammetric results showed an increased oxidation peak current due to fast electron transfer, which confirmed the oxidation of acetaminophen. DPV was performed for different concentrations of acetaminophen in the range of 0.5–1750 μM. LOD and LOQ for La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO were 0.45 μM and 1.50 μM respectively, for AP detection. The sensor demonstrated a remarkably wide linear detection range, a low detection limit, sustained stability over 25 days, minimal interference, rapid determination capabilities, excellent reproducibility, and consistent repeatability for precise Acetaminophen quantification. These findings indicate that La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO is an exceptional electrode material for identifying the electrocatalytic activity of low-level Acetaminophen.

本研究旨在设计一种创新的、高灵敏度的电化学传感器用于对乙酰氨基酚的分析。通过水热法合成了La@ZnO/AuNPs/氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料，用于药品和生物样品中对乙酰氨基酚的检测。利用紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、x射线粉末衍射、EIS对La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO进行表征，并通过DPV和CV进行电化学测定。伏安结果表明，由于快速的电子转移，氧化峰电流增加，证实了对乙酰氨基酚的氧化作用。对乙酰氨基酚在0.5 ~ 1750 μM范围内进行DPV。La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO的AP检测LOD和LOQ分别为0.45 μM和1.50 μM。该传感器具有非常宽的线性检测范围、低检出限、25天以上的持续稳定性、最小的干扰、快速的测定能力、出色的重现性和精确的对乙酰氨基酚定量的一致性。这些发现表明La@ZnO/AuNPs/GO是一种特殊的电极材料，用于鉴定低水平对乙酰氨基酚的电催化活性。

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引用次数: 0

Electrochemical detection of choline via oxygen consumption in a thermally reduced graphene oxide matrix: Advantages of operation at both positive and negative potentials 热还原氧化石墨烯基质中耗氧对胆碱的电化学检测：正负电位操作优势

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100927

Ieva Sakinyte-Urbikiene , Marius Butkevicius , Vidute Gureviciene , Liubov Galuzinska , Julija Razumiene

An amperometric choline biosensor was developed using synthesised thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) as an efficient electrochemical surface and immobilisation matrix for choline oxidase (ChOx). The biosensor can operate via two distinct mechanisms depending on the applied working electrode potential: dissolved oxygen (O₂) consumption at −0.3 V and hydrogen peroxide oxidation at +0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl. Under these conditions, the TRGO/ChOx biosensor exhibited a linear response to choline concentrations of 0.0009–0.24 mM and 0.0008–0.24 mM, with sensitivities of 29 and 38 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻² at −0.3 V and + 0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl, respectively. Operation at −0.3 V significantly improved biosensor selectivity by minimizing interference from common biological species, including dopamine, adenosine, serotonin, uric acid, ascorbic acid, glucose, albumin, and epinephrine. The TRGO/ChOx biosensor demonstrated excellent accuracy in mouse urine samples, yielding recovery rates of 101–107 % and relative standard deviations of 0.4–3.9 %. These features, including the dual operating mechanisms, highlight the strong potential of this biosensor for rapid and reliable choline detection in non-invasive diagnostics.

利用合成的热还原氧化石墨烯（TRGO）作为胆碱氧化酶（ChOx）的高效电化学表面和固定化基质，开发了一种电流型胆碱生物传感器。生物传感器可以根据所施加的工作电极电位通过两种不同的机制工作：−0.3 V的溶解氧（O₂）消耗和+0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl的过氧化氢氧化。在此条件下，TRGO/ChOx生物传感器对胆碱浓度0.0009 ~ 0.24 mM和0.0008 ~ 0.24 mM表现出线性响应，在−0.3 V和+ 0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl下灵敏度分别为29和38 μA mM−1 cm−2。−0.3 V下的操作显著提高了生物传感器的选择性，减少了常见生物物质的干扰，包括多巴胺、腺苷、血清素、尿酸、抗坏血酸、葡萄糖、白蛋白和肾上腺素。TRGO/ChOx生物传感器在小鼠尿液样品中表现出极好的准确性，回收率为101 - 107%，相对标准偏差为0.4 - 3.9%。这些特点，包括双重操作机制，突出了这种生物传感器在非侵入性诊断中快速可靠地检测胆碱的强大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Photoelectrochemical immunoassay of cancer biomarker HE4 on disposable electrodes modified with MPA-stabilized CdTe quantum dots 肿瘤生物标志物HE4在mpa稳定CdTe量子点修饰的一次性电极上的光电化学免疫分析

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100926

Ezinne U. Ekwujuru , Michael J. Klink , Cornelius C. Ssemakalu , Winny K. Maboya , Benjamin O. Orimolade , Moses G. Peleyeju

Early detection and continuous monitoring of cancer biomarkers can significantly enhance the survival rates of the sufferers. As such, the development of sensitive, portable and easy-to-use devices for detecting and monitoring these biomarkers is necessary for early diagnosis and better clinical outcomes. In this work, we constructed and investigated a photoelectrochemical (PEC) device for the detection of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a common biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer. The HE4 antibody was immobilised a screen-printed electrode which had been modified with CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs). The immobilization platform exhibited excellent photoelectrochemical properties for the selective and sensitive determination of the target biomolecule. The PEC immunosensing was performed using differential pulse voltammetry and visible light source under optimized conditions, detecting concentrations from 1 to 0.00001 nmol mL⁻¹, with low detection limit of 0.000008 nmol mL⁻¹. The immunosensor showed excellent reproducibility, repeatability, stability and selectivity, with a good recovery in a serum matrix.

早期发现和持续监测癌症生物标志物可以显著提高患者的生存率。因此，开发敏感、便携和易于使用的设备来检测和监测这些生物标志物对于早期诊断和更好的临床结果是必要的。在这项工作中，我们构建并研究了一种用于检测上皮性卵巢癌常见生物标志物人附睾蛋白4 （HE4）的光电化学（PEC）装置。将HE4抗体固定在用CdTe量子点修饰的丝网印刷电极上。该固定化平台具有良好的光电电化学性能，对目标生物分子具有选择性和敏感性。在优化条件下，采用差分脉冲伏安法和可见光源进行PEC免疫传感，检测浓度范围为1 ~ 0.00001 nmol mL - 1，低检出限为0.000008 nmol mL - 1。该免疫传感器具有良好的重现性、重复性、稳定性和选择性，在血清基质中具有良好的回收率。

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引用次数: 0

An easy-to-use nucleic acid-based fluidic platform for the profiling of oral microbiome from swab and mouthwash that consists of functionalized microbeads and a multi-chamber aliquoting structure 一种易于使用的基于核酸的流体平台，用于从拭子和漱口水中分析口腔微生物组，该平台由功能化微珠和多室ali引述结构组成

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100931

Hyejin Lee , Yun Guang Li , Jiatong Kang , Seung Won Shin , Changyoon Baek , Junhong Min

The oral microbiome is an important indicator of health status; however, it has the limitation of varying significantly over time and under different life conditions. Therefore, rapid and convenient analysis through automation is required. In this study, we developed an automated oral microbiome analysis platform for the rapid and convenient diagnosis of health using mouthwash as the sample. Functionalized microbeads coated with graphene oxide (GO) were employed to concentrate 5 mL of mouthwash sample into 300 μL within 3 min, achieving an eight-fold concentration. Effective adsorption of bacteria onto the functionalized microbeads was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, nucleic acids were extracted from bacteria adsorbed on the functionalized microbeads via bead beating (3000 rpm) for 3 min, achieving approximately 100 % yield compared with conventional methods. The extracted nucleic acid solution was then automatically aliquoted into PCR 8-tube strips (2 μL each) with high accuracy (CV% = 2.63 %) using a simple fluidic aliquoting structure that incorporated an access channel and retention area. Oral microbiome profiling at the phylum level was compared between the developed fluidic cartridge method and commercial approaches, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. The automated platform, which integrates the developed sample pretreatment and aliquoting processes into a fluidic cartridge, successfully analyzed the oral health status of both humans and companion animals within 3 h, demonstrating analytical accuracy equivalent to that of NGS.

口腔微生物群是健康状况的重要指标；然而，在不同的寿命条件下，随着时间的推移，它有显著变化的局限性。因此，需要通过自动化进行快速方便的分析。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个口腔微生物组自动分析平台，以漱口水为样本快速方便地诊断健康状况。用涂有氧化石墨烯（GO）的功能化微珠将5 mL漱口水样品在3 min内浓缩至300 μL，浓度达到8倍。用扫描电镜证实了细菌在功能化微珠上的有效吸附。此外，通过加热（3000转/分）3分钟，从吸附在功能化微珠上的细菌中提取核酸，与传统方法相比，收率约为100%。将提取的核酸液自动引到PCR 8管条（每条2 μL）上，准确度高（CV% = 2.63%），采用带有通道和保留区的简易流控引液结构。在门水平上比较了开发的流体盒方法和商业方法（包括下一代测序（NGS）分析）之间的口腔微生物组分析。该自动化平台将开发的样品前处理和ali引述过程集成到一个流体盒中，成功地在3小时内分析了人类和伴侣动物的口腔健康状况，其分析精度相当于NGS。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of light incidence angle and polarization on the refractive index sensitivity of tightly-packed ellipsoidal gold nanoparticle layers 光入射角和偏振对致密填充椭圆型金纳米颗粒层折射率灵敏度的影响

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100924

Rebeka Kovács , Lóránt Tibor Csőke , Tomáš Lednický , Attila Bonyár

The effect of excitation angle and polarization on the bulk refractive index sensitivity (RIS) of hexagonally-arranged gold nanoparticles is studied through numerical simulations and experiments. Analytical approximations (based on Rayleigh-Gans theory) and boundary element method (BEM) simulations proved that the RIS of single ellipsoidal particles depends intrinsically on the illumination angle. Compared to normal incidence with linear polarization, the RIS increases by 5–10 % at 70° incidence angle, depending on the particle geometry. Finite element method (FEM) simulations explored near-field coupling in tightly-packed particle assemblies and the effect of a substrate beneath the nanoparticles. The simulations showed that coupling between the particles significantly improves the sensitivity to the incidence angle, resulting in a 17–25 % increase in RIS at 70° illumination compared to normal incidence. Experiments performed on three realized nanoparticle arrangements with varying particle density were carried out in a transmission-based setup with linear, circular polarization, and unpolarized light. Results show significantly increased RIS in the 60°<

θ

<75° incidence angle range, namely between a 12–35 % improvement compared to normal incidence, depending on the particle density. These results underline the importance of optimizing the excitation parameters to maximize the sensitivity of nanoplasmonic sensors for localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) applications.

通过数值模拟和实验研究了激发角和极化对六边形排列金纳米粒子体折射率灵敏度的影响。解析近似（基于瑞利-甘斯理论）和边界元法（BEM）模拟证明了单椭球粒子的RIS本质上依赖于光照角度。与线偏振法入射相比，在70°入射角时，RIS增加了5 - 10%，具体取决于粒子的几何形状。有限元方法（FEM）模拟探讨了近场耦合在紧密堆积的颗粒组件和衬底下的纳米颗粒的影响。模拟结果表明，粒子之间的耦合显著提高了对入射角的敏感性，在70°照明下，与正常入射角相比，RIS增加了17 - 25%。在线性、圆偏振光和非偏振光的传输装置中，对三种不同颗粒密度的纳米颗粒排列进行了实验。结果表明，在60°<； θ <；75°入射角范围内，RIS显著增加，即与正常入射角相比，RIS提高了12 - 35%，具体取决于颗粒密度。这些结果强调了优化激发参数以最大化局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）应用中纳米等离子体传感器灵敏度的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Simultaneous and ultrasensitive detection of HBV DNA and RNA in CHB by utilizing Cas12a/Cas13a-based dual-target strategy 利用基于Cas12a/ cas13的双靶点策略同时超灵敏检测CHB中的HBV DNA和RNA

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100925

Yuanyuan Li , Yuxin Liu , Lijuan Wu , Yueyue Chen , Mengchun Wang , Hongchun Luo , Juan Chen , Yuan Hu

Simultaneous detection of low levels of serum HBV DNA plus RNA in HBV-infected patients receiving antiviral therapy is an effective strategy to evaluate the antiviral effect. In this research, we established an ultrasensitive dual PCR-CRISPR fluorescent assay (DPCFS) based on CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a system to simultaneous detection of low levels of HBV DNA and RNA. We optimized the DPCFS assay and evaluated the specificity and sensitivity employing the HBV plasmid. Clinical validation and comparison with commercial HBV DNA ultrasensitive qPCR assay or reverse transcription droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-ddPCR) were conducted using 46 serum samples of HBV-infected patients including 22 treatment-naïve and 24 nucleotide/nucleoside analogs (NAs)-treated patients. The limit of detection (LOD) for DPCFS platform was 5.8 copies/μL HBV DNA and 1.4 copies/μL HBV RNA, respectively, and the detection results could be directly visible to the naked eye under blue light without the need for any specialized instruments. Furthermore, clinical validation has 97.06 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity compared with commercial HBV DNA ultrasensitive qPCR assay. For serum HBV RNA detection, the sensitivity of DPCFS assay was 86.84 %, and the specificity was 87.5 % compared with RT-ddPCR. We developed a simultaneous and ultrasensitive detection of lower levels of HBV DNA and RNA in HBV-infected patients receiving antiviral therapy, which provide more accurate and simple strategy to evaluate the antiviral effect and treatment guidance.

在接受抗病毒治疗的HBV感染患者中同时检测低水平的血清HBV DNA和RNA是评估抗病毒效果的有效策略。本研究基于CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a系统，建立了一种同时检测低水平HBV DNA和RNA的超灵敏PCR-CRISPR双荧光法（DPCFS）。我们优化了DPCFS检测方法，并利用HBV质粒评价了其特异性和敏感性。对46例HBV感染患者（包括22例treatment-naïve和24例核苷酸/核苷类似物（NAs）治疗的患者）的血清样本进行临床验证，并与商业化HBV DNA超灵敏qPCR或逆转录液滴数字聚合酶链反应（RT-ddPCR）进行比较。DPCFS平台的检出限（LOD）分别为5.8 copies/μL HBV DNA和1.4 copies/μL HBV RNA，检测结果在蓝光下直接可见，不需要任何专门的仪器。此外，与商用HBV DNA超敏qPCR相比，临床验证的灵敏度为97.06%，特异性为100%。DPCFS检测血清HBV RNA的灵敏度为86.84%，与RT-ddPCR相比，特异性为87.5%。我们开发了一种同时超灵敏检测接受抗病毒治疗的HBV感染患者低水平HBV DNA和RNA的方法，为评估抗病毒效果和治疗指导提供了更准确、更简单的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Innovative aptasensor design for chlorpyrifos detection: Combining carbon nanofibers, doped carbon dots, and gold nanoparticles 毒死蜱检测的创新适体传感器设计：结合碳纳米纤维、掺杂碳点和金纳米颗粒

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100922

Haniyeh Shantiaei, Mahmoud Roushani, Farzaneh Mohammadi

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide that is essential for controlling agricultural pests. Nevertheless, residues of this compound, even at low concentrations, raise substantial concerns regarding the environment and human health, including neurotoxic, genotoxic, and reproductive effects. This study aimed to design and fabricate a highly sensitive aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor utilizing P@N, S-CDs/CNFs with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the detection of CPF in fruit and vegetable samples. Initially, nitrogen- and sulfur-co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) were incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer, resulting in the formation of N, S-CDs/CNFs via electrospinning. Subsequently, P@N, S-CDs/CNFs were produced during the heat treatment process. The hybrid material (P@N, S-CDs/CNFs) was used to modify the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE), followed by the placement of AuNPs on the GCE modified with P@N, S-CDs/CNFs using the drop casting method. The successful synthesis of the nanomaterials was confirmed through XRD, FTIR, and SEM analyses. Under optimal conditions, the aptasensor demonstrated an extensive linear range from 0.1 fg mL⁻¹ to 800 pg mL⁻¹, with a calculated limit of detection as low as 0.033 fg mL⁻¹. The capability of the aptasensor to detect CPF in real samples was assessed by testing extracts of cucumber, tomato, and lettuce.

毒死蜱（Chlorpyrifos， CPF）是一种有机磷农药，是防治农业害虫的重要手段。然而，这种化合物的残留，即使浓度很低，也会引起对环境和人类健康的严重关切，包括神经毒性、遗传毒性和生殖影响。本研究旨在利用P@N， S-CDs/CNFs与金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）设计和制造一种高灵敏度的适体电化学生物传感器，用于检测水果和蔬菜样品中的CPF。首先，将氮和硫共掺杂的碳点（N, S-CDs）掺入聚丙烯腈（PAN）聚合物中，通过静电纺丝形成N， S-CDs/CNFs。随后，P@N， S-CDs/CNFs在热处理过程中产生。采用杂化材料（P@N, S-CDs/CNFs）对玻璃碳电极（GCE）表面进行修饰，然后采用滴铸法将AuNPs放置在P@N， S-CDs/CNFs修饰的GCE上。通过XRD、FTIR和SEM分析证实了纳米材料的成功合成。在最佳条件下，该传感器显示出从0.1 fg mL−1到800 pg mL−1的广泛线性范围，计算检测限低至0.033 fg mL−1。通过对黄瓜、番茄和生菜提取物的检测，评估了该传感器在实际样品中检测CPF的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Bisulfite-free detection of SEPT9 DNA methylation using a novel dipyridamole-based fluorometric assay 使用一种新的基于双嘧达莫的荧光测定法检测无亚硫酸氢盐的SEPT9 DNA甲基化

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100921

Muhammad Babar Khawar , Rui Sang , Junaid Munawar , Kamaran Khurshid Dar , Ali Afzal , Yuqiu Cui , Xinyue Ling , Miao Xu , Umair Ali Khan Saddozai , Shahzad Anwar , Fakhar Zaman , Qunshan Zhu , Haibo Sun , Xiaoping Yu

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) methylation profiling is rapidly emerging as a promising approach for the early detection of cancer. In colorectal cancer (CRC), aberrant methylation of the SEPT9 gene has been established as a reliable biomarker for early-stage diagnosis in clinical settings. However, current detection methods for DNA methylation rendered by bisulfite conversion along with probe based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) are labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this study, we present a novel Dipyridamole-based fluorometric nanobiosensor using gold-coated silica (Au@SiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) for sensitive and specific detection of DNA methylation of SEPT9 gene for CRC. The sensor leverages the fluorescence quenching and enhancement properties of Dipyridamole upon hybridization with methylated and unmethylated DNA sequences. By optimizing hybridization conditions and utilizing Au@SiO₂ NPs functionalized with single-stranded DNA probes, we achieved superior sensitivity and selectivity in distinguishing methylated from unmethylated sequences. The nanobiosensor demonstrated a detection limit as low as 1.5 × 10⁻¹⁶ M for unmethylated and 2.25 × 10⁻¹⁶ M for methylated, and was successfully applied to human plasma samples, showing an average recovery rate of ∼80 %. This study presents a novel approach to ctDNA methylation testing, offering several potential advantages over traditional techniques, including real-time detection, reduced sample processing time for scalable diagnostic applications in early cancer detection.

循环肿瘤DNA （ctDNA）甲基化分析正迅速成为一种有前途的癌症早期检测方法。在结直肠癌（CRC）中，SEPT9基因的异常甲基化已被确定为临床早期诊断的可靠生物标志物。然而，目前的DNA甲基化检测方法是亚硫酸氢盐转化和基于探针的定量实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）是劳动密集型和耗时的。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新型的基于双嘧达莫的荧光纳米生物传感器，该传感器使用金包覆二氧化硅（Au@SiO2）纳米颗粒（NPs）来灵敏和特异性地检测CRC中SEPT9基因的DNA甲基化。该传感器利用双嘧达莫与甲基化和非甲基化DNA序列杂交后的荧光猝灭和增强特性。通过优化杂交条件和利用Au@SiO2 NPs与单链DNA探针功能化，我们在区分甲基化和非甲基化序列方面取得了卓越的灵敏度和选择性。该纳米生物传感器对未甲基化的检测限低至1.5 × 10−16 M，对甲基化的检测限低至2.25 × 10−16 M，并成功应用于人血浆样品，平均回收率为80%。这项研究提出了一种新的ctDNA甲基化检测方法，与传统技术相比，它具有几个潜在的优势，包括实时检测，减少样品处理时间，用于早期癌症检测的可扩展诊断应用。

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引用次数: 0

Highly sensitive graphene terahertz biosensor for hemoglobin detection enhanced by stacking ensemble learning 用于血红蛋白检测的高灵敏度石墨烯太赫兹生物传感器，通过堆叠集成学习增强

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100919

Jacob Wekalao , Jonas Muheki , Amuthakkannan Rajakannu

This study introduces a graphene-based biosensor developed for hemoglobin detection in clinical and point-of-care use. Optimization through COMSOL Multiphysics produced high performance parameters. The sensor achieved a sensitivity of 200 GHz/RIU, operated between 1.319 and 1.331 THz, and exhibited quality factors from 0.915 to 2.439. Electric field distribution analysis showed maximum absorption at 1.325 THz with strong field localization along the resonator edges. A machine learning model using a Stacking Ensemble Regressor was applied to predict sensor performance, reaching an R² value of 1.0 for transmission spectra across different graphene chemical potentials and incident angles. The linear correlation between resonance frequency and refractive index (R² = 0.95447) confirms the sensor's accuracy for quantitative hemoglobin measurement. The biosensor enables rapid and precise hemoglobin detection, making it suitable for portable diagnostic use in resource-limited or urgent care settings.

本研究介绍了一种基于石墨烯的生物传感器，用于临床和护理点的血红蛋白检测。通过COMSOL Multiphysics优化产生了高性能参数。该传感器的灵敏度为200 GHz/RIU，工作频率在1.319 ~ 1.331 THz之间，质量因子在0.915 ~ 2.439之间。电场分布分析表明，在1.325 THz处吸收最大，沿谐振腔边缘有强场局域化。使用堆叠集成回归器的机器学习模型来预测传感器性能，在不同石墨烯化学势和入射角下，透射光谱的R2值达到1.0。共振频率与折射率的线性相关（R2 = 0.95447）证实了该传感器定量测量血红蛋白的准确性。该生物传感器能够快速准确地检测血红蛋白，使其适用于资源有限或紧急护理环境中的便携式诊断使用。

引用次数: 0