Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research最新文献_第9页

Nanocarbon induced graphene platelet suspension for generation of dopant free filter paper based electrochemical biosensor 纳米碳诱导石墨烯血小板悬浮液制备无掺杂滤纸电化学生物传感器

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100906

Piyush Kumar , Santosh K. Misra

The chemical dissimilarity of nanoparticle dopants with surface coating materials has been found to tune the electrical and surface properties of carbon coated paper-based biosensing devices majorly due to surface inhomogeneity and reduced sensitivity. Herein we present a dopant free carbon nanomaterial suspension to improve the electrical properties of a smartly fabricated model paper-based biosensing platform. The nanocarbon induced graphene platelet suspension (NanoGPS), was found to have better aqueous suspendability and homogeneity to achieve enhanced electrical properties. NanoGPS has been thoroughly characterized using various physico-chemical methods to confirm the introduction of nanocarbon in exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). To probe the improvised efficiency of optimized dopant free NanoGPS, it was utilized to fabricate a model system of electrically active paper device (Elecro-PAD) and used for the non-invasive detection of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in simulated saliva for plausible oral cancer diagnosis. The Electro-PAD was tested in different complex matrices and showed a limit of detection (LoD) and limit of quantification of ∼2.0 nM and ∼6 nM, respectively. The device has been also benchmarked against gold standard conventional ELISA method and the results were found to be comparable with recovery percentage of more than 90 % at different clinically relevant concentrations. Thus, the strategy of generating dopant free Nano-GPS has been found to be an effective approach for the improvement of electrical properties of GNP, while avoiding the use of conventional dopants.

纳米颗粒掺杂剂与表面涂层材料的化学差异，主要是由于表面不均匀性和灵敏度降低，从而调整了碳涂层纸基生物传感器件的电学和表面性能。在此，我们提出了一种无掺杂的碳纳米材料悬浮液，以改善智能制造模型纸基生物传感平台的电学性能。纳米碳诱导的石墨烯血小板悬浮液（NanoGPS）具有更好的水悬浮性和均匀性，从而提高了电性能。使用各种物理化学方法对NanoGPS进行了彻底的表征，以确认在剥离的石墨烯纳米片（GNP）中引入了纳米碳。为了探索优化后的无掺杂纳米ogps的改进效率，利用其制作了电活性纸装置（electro - pad）模型系统，并用于模拟唾液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的无创检测，以合理诊断口腔癌。Electro-PAD在不同的复合基质中进行了测试，检测限（LoD）和定量限分别为~ 2.0 nM和~ 6 nM。该装置还与金标准常规ELISA法进行了基准测试，结果发现在不同临床相关浓度下，回收率均超过90%。因此，制备不含掺杂剂的纳米gps是改善GNP电性能的有效方法，同时避免了传统掺杂剂的使用。

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引用次数: 0

Covalent organic frameworks-based sensors for the detection of neurotransmitters associated with neurogenic diseases 用于检测与神经源性疾病相关的神经递质的共价有机框架传感器

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100875

Mina Adampourezare , Leila Mehdizadeh Fanid , Behzad Nikzad

Neurotransmitters (NTs) are critical chemical compounds responsible for transmitting neural signals across synapses between neurons. These molecules play a fundamental role in regulating neuronal activity and maintaining the functional balance of the central nervous system. Disruptions in the balance or function of neurotransmitters can lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases and associated with impairments in cognitive and motor functions. Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) seem to be as excellent candidates for NT detection due to their exceptional porosity, tunable functionality, and stability. NTs interact with COFs through mechanisms like chemical binding with NH₂ groups, hydrogen bonding, and electron transfer, leading to measurable fluorescence or electrochemical changes.

COFs have been integrated into various biosensors, including optical and electrochemical platforms, to enhance NT detection. Fluorescent COFs indicate NT presence through emission shifts, while electrochemical COFs enable sensitive detection via voltammetry. Additionally, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) leverages COFs functionalized with metallic nanoparticles for precise identification. This study explores the role of COFs in identifying and recognizing neurotransmitters.

神经递质（NTs）是负责在神经元之间的突触之间传递神经信号的关键化合物。这些分子在调节神经元活动和维持中枢神经系统功能平衡方面起着重要作用。神经递质平衡或功能的破坏可导致神经退行性疾病的发展，并与认知和运动功能的损害有关。共价有机框架（COFs）由于其独特的孔隙度、可调的功能和稳定性，似乎是NT检测的优秀候选者。NTs通过与NH₂基团的化学结合、氢键和电子转移等机制与COFs相互作用，导致可测量的荧光或电化学变化。COFs已被集成到各种生物传感器中，包括光学和电化学平台，以增强NT检测。荧光COFs通过发射位移表明NT的存在，而电化学COFs通过伏安法进行灵敏检测。此外，表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）利用金属纳米颗粒功能化的COFs进行精确识别。本研究探讨了COFs在识别和识别神经递质的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in the detection of Sortase A activity in Staphylococcus aureus 金黄色葡萄球菌中分类酶A活性检测的研究进展

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100886

Sujuan Sun , Junqing Yang , Xinya Han

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most common and important pathogenic bacteria and is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. Sortase A (SrtA), a cell surface-anchored transpeptidase in S. aureus, plays a critical role in the attachment of virulence-associated proteins to the cell wall. Given that SrtA is not directly involved in bacterial survival but mainly regulates pathogenicity, it has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for developing anti-virulence strategies. Quantitative analysis of SrtA activity provides valuable insights into S. aureus colonization levels and virulence potential. Moreover, the detection method for SrtA facilitates the screening of inhibitors, and contributes to not only fundamental biological research but also pharmaceutical development and medical diagnostics. In this review, we discuss recent advances and modern techniques in novel methods for identifying SrtA activity, such as porous silicon resonant microcavities (pSiRM), magnetic nanoparticles, fluorescent proteins, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based technologies. Additionally, we provide an objective evaluation of current biosensing technologies including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fluorescent, and electrochemical biosensors, with particular emphasis on their respective advantages and limitations in SrtA activity detection and inhibitor screening. This review aims to provide scientific evidence and potential strategies for developing new therapies against drug-resistant S. aureus while highlighting promising directions for next-generation anti-infective strategies.

金黄色葡萄球菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）是最常见和重要的致病菌之一，是医院获得性感染的主要原因。分类酶A （SrtA）是金黄色葡萄球菌细胞表面锚定的转肽酶，在毒力相关蛋白附着在细胞壁上起关键作用。由于SrtA不直接参与细菌存活，而主要调控致病性，因此它已成为开发抗毒策略的一个有吸引力的治疗靶点。SrtA活性的定量分析为金黄色葡萄球菌定植水平和毒力潜力提供了有价值的见解。此外，SrtA的检测方法有助于抑制剂的筛选，不仅有助于基础生物学研究，还有助于药物开发和医学诊断。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了鉴定SrtA活性的新方法的最新进展和现代技术，如多孔硅谐振微腔（pSiRM）、磁性纳米颗粒、荧光蛋白和基于荧光共振能量转移（FRET）的技术。此外，我们还客观评价了当前的生物传感技术，包括高效液相色谱（HPLC）、荧光和电化学生物传感器，特别强调了它们在SrtA活性检测和抑制剂筛选方面的各自优势和局限性。本文旨在为开发耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的新疗法提供科学依据和潜在策略，同时强调下一代抗感染策略的发展方向。

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引用次数: 0

A non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for voltammetric detection of fenitrothion pesticide 一种用于杀虫剂伏安检测的非酶电化学传感器

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100896

Adisie Kassa , Bewketu Mehari , Atnafu Guadie , Andualem Ejigu , Molla Tefera

The excessive use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) results in severe environmental damage and problems with food safety. A sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for fenitrothion (FNT) detection is crucial for environmental protection and public health. Nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor based on EDTA/poly(vanillin)/GCE was fabricated for detection of FNT. The electrochemical properties of the sensor were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). SWV results demonstrate that manufactured electrodes can be employed for sensing of harmful FNT pollutants from a wide linear range of 1.0–200 μM, LOD of 0.94 μM and a remarkable sensitivity of 0.6994 μAμM⁻¹, a recovery in the range of 83.10–114.36 % vegetable samples. Furthermore, even in the presence of multiple potential coexisting substances, including cationic, anionic, and organic compounds, the sensor's anti-interference ability allows for the precise detection of FNT. For the quantification of FNT, the produced sensor offers remarkable repeatability and reproducibility. This could spur innovation for remarkably accurate and dependable FNT monitoring in environmental monitoring for real-time applications. Our research, in our opinion, produced a new avenue for the development of sensors for precise and dependable electrocatalytic detecting systems that offer vegetable safety and quality for real-time environmental quality control applications.

有机磷农药的过度使用造成了严重的环境破坏和食品安全问题。一种灵敏、选择性强的电化学杀虫剂检测传感器对环境保护和公众健康至关重要。制备了EDTA/聚香兰素/GCE非酶电化学传感器，用于FNT的检测。采用循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗谱法（EIS）研究了传感器的电化学性能。SWV结果表明，该电极可以在1.0 ~ 200 μM的宽线性范围内检测有害的FNT污染物，LOD为0.94 μM，灵敏度为0.6994 μAμM−1，回收率为83.10 ~ 114.36%。此外，即使存在多种潜在的共存物质，包括阳离子，阴离子和有机化合物，传感器的抗干扰能力也允许精确检测FNT。对于FNT的定量，所生产的传感器提供了显著的重复性和再现性。这可能会刺激创新，在实时应用的环境监测中进行非常准确和可靠的FNT监测。在我们看来，我们的研究为开发精确可靠的电催化检测系统的传感器提供了一条新的途径，为实时环境质量控制应用提供蔬菜安全和质量。

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引用次数: 0

A colorimetric aptasensor based on gold nanoparticles for point-of-care testing of cardiac troponin I 一种基于金纳米粒子的心脏肌钙蛋白I即时检测比色适体传感器

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100910

Yue He , Xinyue Qu , Tingting Lan , Mingxing Yu , Xu Duan , Ruyi Chen , Junhao Wu , Zhihong Wang , Deling Kong , Zhongyang Shen , Shuang Yang , Chunlei Zhou , Tao Ming

As a key biomarker in clinical diagnostics, cardiac troponin I facilitates the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. This study developed a rapid quantitative method for detecting cardiac troponin I in blood, aiming to establish its quantitative correlation with myocardial infarction area by accurately quantifying the serum cTnI concentration in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction. We utilized a cTnI-specific aptamer as the recognition element. Gold nanoparticles exhibit salt-induced aggregation with visible color change. The aptamer protects gold nanoparticles from high-salt aggregation. Through systematic optimization, we established a gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay leveraging this anti-aggregation mechanism. Results demonstrated that under optimal conditions—200 mM NaCl and 800 nM aptamer concentration—the developed assay exhibited a promising linear response (R² = 0.942) across a cardiac troponin I concentration spanning from 0.1 to 0.8 μg/mL. According to the standard calibration method, the detection limit was estimated as 0.1 μg/mL. We observed recovery rates ranging from 105.6 % to 118.5 %. This research presents a highly sensitive, specific, and rapid point-of-care detection methodology for cardiac troponin I, offering enhanced field-testing efficiency and providing a low-cost alternative for serum cardiac troponin I detection. Moreover, it lays the groundwork for the development of a novel methodology enabling dynamic and quantitative assessment of infarct size in patients suffering from myocardial infarction.

心肌肌钙蛋白I作为临床诊断的关键生物标志物，有助于急性心肌梗死的早期诊断。本研究建立了一种快速定量检测血液中心肌肌钙蛋白I的方法，旨在通过准确定量急性心肌梗死患者血清cTnI浓度，建立其与心肌梗死面积的定量相关性。我们使用了ctni特异性适配体作为识别元件。金纳米粒子表现为盐诱导聚集，并伴有明显的颜色变化。适配体保护金纳米粒子免受高盐聚集。通过系统优化，我们建立了一种基于金纳米颗粒的比色法，利用这种抗聚集机制。结果表明，在最佳条件下（200 mM NaCl和800 nM适体浓度），该方法对0.1 ~ 0.8 μg/mL心肌肌钙蛋白I具有良好的线性响应（R2 = 0.942）。根据标准校准方法，估计检出限为0.1 μg/mL。回收率为105.6% ~ 118.5%。本研究提出了一种高灵敏度、特异性和快速的心肌肌钙蛋白I即时检测方法，提高了现场检测效率，并为血清心肌肌钙蛋白I检测提供了一种低成本的替代方法。此外，它为开发一种新的方法奠定了基础，这种方法可以动态和定量地评估心肌梗死患者的梗死面积。

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引用次数: 0

Label-free graphene-based surface plasmon resonance sensor for advanced male fertility evaluation with behavior prediction via polynomial regression 基于无标记石墨烯表面等离子体共振传感器的高级男性生育能力评估与多项式回归行为预测

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100877

Jacob Wekalao , Hussein A. Elsayed , Ahmed Mehaney , Haifa E. Alfassam , Mostafa R. Abukhadra , Wail Al Zoubi , Amuthakkannan Rajakannu , K. Vijayalakshmi

Male infertility affects approximately 15 % of reproductive-age couples globally, with male factors contributing to roughly 50 % of infertility cases, creating an urgent need for advanced, accessible diagnostic technologies for semen analysis. Current sperm assessment protocols rely predominantly on conventional light microscopy and Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) systems, which suffer from subjective interpretation, high costs, and limited accessibility in resource-constrained settings. This study presents a simple graphene-based Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensor featuring a simple resonator architecture optimized for ultrasensitive sperm detection through label-free, real-time analysis. The electromagnetic analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.3 demonstrates exceptional sensitivity ranging from 118 GHzRIU⁻¹ to 5000 GHzRIU⁻¹ across refractive indices of 1.33–1.3461 RIU, with a maximum figure of merit of 68.493 RIU⁻¹ and detection limits as low as 0.028 RIU. Machine learning optimization using polynomial regression achieved prediction accuracies of 87–91 % (R² values of 94–100 %) across critical operational parameters including graphene chemical potential (0.1–0.9 eV), geometric variations, and angular dependencies (0–80°), validating the sensor's robust performance for clinical sperm analysis applications.

男性不育症影响全球约15%的育龄夫妇，男性因素导致约50%的不育症病例，因此迫切需要先进、可获得的精液分析诊断技术。目前的精子评估方案主要依赖于传统的光学显微镜和计算机辅助精子分析（CASA）系统，这些系统存在主观解释、成本高以及在资源有限的情况下可及性有限的问题。本研究提出了一种简单的基于石墨烯的表面等离子体共振（SPR）生物传感器，该传感器具有简单的谐振器结构，可通过无标签实时分析进行超灵敏精子检测。使用COMSOL Multiphysics 6.3进行电磁分析，在1.33-1.3461 RIU的折射率范围内，灵敏度范围为118 ~ 5000 GHzRIU−1，最大优值为68.493 RIU−1，检测限低至0.028 RIU。使用多项式回归的机器学习优化在包括石墨烯化学势（0.1-0.9 eV）、几何变化和角依赖性（0-80°）在内的关键操作参数上实现了87 - 91% （R2值为94 - 100%）的预测精度，验证了传感器在临床精子分析应用中的强大性能。

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引用次数: 0

Chemisorbed gold Nanorods on optical fibers for refractive index sensing 用于折射率传感的光纤化学吸收金纳米棒

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100869

Gulfam Mushtaq , V.V.R. Sai , Sulalit Bandyopadhyay

The applicability of gold nanoparticles with optical fibers has emerged as a promising approach for developing compact and sensitive biosensors. Among these nanostructures, gold nanorods (AuNRs) offer distinct advantages due to their localized surface plasmon resonance properties. While previous studies have demonstrated immobilization of AuNRs on optical fibers for sensing applications, challenges remain in achieving stable, consistent, and aggregation-free attachment of AuNRs. In this work, we present a systematic study to synthesize, functionalize, and chemisorb AuNRs onto amine-functionalized U-bent optical fibers.

To address the issue of particle aggregation and inconsistent attachment, we performed an extensive study on the effect of varying concentrations of EDC/NHS coupling agents. The optimized conditions significantly improved chemisorption consistency and minimized aggregation. The plasmonic behaviour of the immobilized AuNRs was characterized under varying refractive indices. The transverse surface plasmon resonance (TSPR) exhibited a bulk refractive index sensitivity of 7 ∆Abs/RIU. The measurement was performed at a particle concentration of 0.2 OD. In contrast, the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak position showed sensitivity to the microenvironment, demonstrated a consistent shift with increasing concentrations of Polymyxin B, reaching a maximum shift of 1.4 % at 20 μM. These results bridge the gap between AuNRs functionalization and reliable sensor chemisorption and highlight the potential of this platform for biosensing applications in medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.

金纳米粒子与光纤的应用已成为开发紧凑、灵敏的生物传感器的一种有前途的方法。在这些纳米结构中，金纳米棒（aunr）由于其局部表面等离子体共振特性而具有明显的优势。虽然以前的研究已经证明了将aunr固定在光纤上用于传感应用，但在实现稳定、一致和无聚集的aunr附着方面仍然存在挑战。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个系统的研究，合成，功能化和化学吸附到氨基功能化的u型弯曲光纤上的aunr。为了解决颗粒聚集和不一致附着的问题，我们对不同浓度的EDC/NHS偶联剂的影响进行了广泛的研究。优化后的条件显著提高了化学吸附的一致性，并使聚集最小化。在不同折射率条件下，研究了固定化aunr的等离子体行为。横向表面等离子体共振（TSPR）的体折射率灵敏度为7∆Abs/RIU。测量时，颗粒浓度为0.2 OD。相比之下，纵向表面等离子体共振（LSPR）峰位置对微环境表现出敏感性，随着多粘菌素B浓度的增加而发生一致的位移，在20 μM处达到1.4%的最大位移。这些结果弥合了aunr功能化和可靠的传感器化学吸附之间的差距，并突出了该平台在医学诊断和环境监测中生物传感应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Metal-organic frameworks based on functionalized polydentate heteroatom linkers integrated by graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets on epoxy–graphite electrodes: Application in electrocatalytic determination of propranolol 石墨氮化碳纳米片在环氧-石墨电极上集成功能化多齿杂原子连接体的金属有机骨架：在电催化测定普萘洛尔中的应用

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100913

Moayad Hossaini Sadr, Ali Pashazadeh

Functionalization of compounds is one of the most effective methods for creating new compounds with new properties and characteristics. Therefore, in this present study, multi-component nitrogen-containing compounds were utilized due to their high chemical reactivity and significant potential for structural modification. Accordingly, aliphatic and aromatic compounds incorporating oxygen and nitrogen atoms were selected as the most suitable candidates for achieving the objectives of this research. Therefore, in the first step, the 2,2′-benzimidazole compound was synthesized and subsequently functionalized with a halo-carboxylic acid derivative to form polydentate heteroatom linkers. The resulting MOFs composite were obtained through the coordination reaction between Cu (II) ions and the 2,2′-bibenzimidazole-dicarboxylic acid (BIMCA) ligand and g-C₃N₄ (GCN) on epoxy resin/graphite electrode (CEGEs) with Layer-by-Layer (LbL) chemical nucleation methods. The synthesized compounds were characterized using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and melting point technique. The practical application of Cu-MOFs/GCN/CEGES and the electrochemical behavior of Propranolol (PROP) were examined in PBS medium through various electrochemical techniques, such as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), chronoamperometry (CHA), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The essential parameters, such as the charge-transfer coefficient (α = 0.65), diffusion coefficient (D = 7.64 × 10⁻⁴ cm²/s) and catalytic rate constant (K_cat = 0.183 × 10⁴ cm³.mol⁻¹. s⁻¹), were evaluated for the electrocatalytic oxidation of PROP. The experimental findings show that the modified electrode successfully detects PROP through DPV, with a detection limit reaching 2.54 μM. Finally, the proposed electro-chemical sensing platform was successfully applied to determine low PROP concentrations in blood samples, suggesting its great applicability in clinical analysis and quality control.

化合物的功能化是创造具有新性质和新特性的新化合物的最有效方法之一。因此，在本研究中，由于多组分含氮化合物具有较高的化学活性和巨大的结构修饰潜力，因此使用了多组分含氮化合物。因此，结合氧和氮原子的脂肪族和芳香族化合物被选为实现本研究目标的最合适的候选者。因此，第一步首先合成2,2′-苯并咪唑化合物，然后用一个卤羧酸衍生物进行功能化，形成多齿杂原子连接体。采用逐层（LbL）化学成核方法，将Cu （II）离子与2,2′-双苯并咪唑-二羧酸（BIMCA）配体和g-C₃N₄（GCN）在环氧树脂/石墨电极（ceeges）上进行配位反应，得到mof复合材料。采用FT-IR、1H NMR、XRD、SEM、EDX和熔点技术对合成的化合物进行了表征。通过差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）、计时伏安法（CHA）和循环伏安法（CV）等电化学技术，研究了Cu-MOFs/GCN/ cegees在PBS介质中的实际应用和心得安（PROP）的电化学行为。主要参数有电荷转移系数（α = 0.65）、扩散系数（D = 7.64 × 10−4 cm2/s）和催化速率常数（Kcat = 0.183 × 104 cm3.mol−1）。s−1)，对PROP的电催化氧化效果进行了评价。实验结果表明，改性电极通过DPV成功检测到PROP，检测限达到2.54 μM。最后，所提出的电化学传感平台成功应用于血液样本中低浓度PROP的检测，表明其在临床分析和质量控制中的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

A novel electrochemical sensor for in situ analysis of neurotransmitter profiles generated by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons 一种新的电化学传感器，用于原位分析由诱导多能干细胞衍生的神经元产生的神经递质谱

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100894

Noha Shalabny , Mahmood Ali Saleh , Alexander Snezhko , Gad D. Vatine , Hadar Ben-Yoav

Neurons communicate through electrical signals and chemical messengers such as neurotransmitters (NTs). Disruptions between the action potential and the neurotransmitter release have been noted in disorders such as Parkinson's disease. However, monitoring the profiles of neurotransmitters released by neurons remains challenging. Electrochemical transduction methods provide powerful analytical tools for characterizing neurotransmitters; however, current electrochemical sensors work according to the lock-and-key approach and detect only single types of neurotransmitters, thus overlooking neurophysiological information from other neurotransmitters. Here, we present a novel holistic approach for in situ analysis of multiple redox-active neurotransmitters released by neurons. This approach is based on a high temporal resolution technique (fast-scan cyclic voltammetry; 8.5 ms transient readings) to record electrochemical signals generated by the neurotransmitters' profile using microelectrodes (100 μm in diameter). We recorded the electrochemical signals from motor neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells that were cultured on the microelectrode array. We recorded changes in the electrochemical signals generated by the neurons due to their chemical stimulation with potassium chloride (KCl; a chemical known to induce depolarization and enhance neuronal firing). The presence of KCl led to a significant increase in charge from 2320 ± 30 μC (no stimulation) to 2750 ± 70 μC and 3150 ± 64 μC with 30 mM and 90 mM KCl, respectively. These findings demonstrate our approach's potential for studying neurochemical communication and thereby advancing personalized therapies for neurological disorders. By enabling in situ neurotransmitter profiling from patient-derived cells, offering valuable insights into patient-specific diagnostics and treatment strategies.

神经元通过电信号和神经递质（nt）等化学信使进行交流。动作电位和神经递质释放之间的中断已经在帕金森病等疾病中被注意到。然而，监测神经元释放的神经递质的概况仍然具有挑战性。电化学转导方法为表征神经递质提供了强大的分析工具；然而，目前的电化学传感器是根据锁与钥匙的方法工作的，只能检测单一类型的神经递质，从而忽略了来自其他神经递质的神经生理信息。在这里，我们提出了一种新的整体方法，用于原位分析神经元释放的多种氧化还原活性神经递质。该方法基于高时间分辨率技术（快速扫描循环伏安法，8.5 ms瞬态读数），使用微电极（直径100 μm）记录神经递质谱产生的电化学信号。我们记录了在微电极阵列上培养的诱导多能干细胞产生的运动神经元的电化学信号。我们记录了由于氯化钾（KCl，一种已知能诱导去极化和增强神经元放电的化学物质）的化学刺激，神经元产生的电化学信号的变化。KCl的存在使植株的电荷量从2320±30 μC（无刺激）显著增加到2750±70 μC和3150±64 μC （KCl为30 mM和90 mM）。这些发现证明了我们的方法在研究神经化学交流方面的潜力，从而促进了神经系统疾病的个性化治疗。通过从患者来源的细胞中原位神经递质分析，为患者特异性诊断和治疗策略提供有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Electrochemically pretreated graphite:glass thick films for ultra-trace detection of neonicotinoids in surface water and honey 电化学预处理石墨：用于地表水和蜂蜜中新烟碱超痕量检测的玻璃厚膜

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2025.100890

Maksimiljan Dekleva , Barbara Repič , Danjela Kuscer , Nikola Tasić , Mitja Kolar , Helena Prosen , Gregor Marolt

Neonicotinoids (NNIs) pose a significant threat to pollinator populations and environmental health due to their widespread use and adverse effects on non-target organisms. Despite regulatory efforts, monitoring of NNIs in natural ecosystems remains challenging. In contrast to conventional chromatographic methods, integrated electrochemical sensors provide a rapid and on-site detection of NNIs. In this study, we report on a novel voltammetric sensor based on the electrochemical pretreatment of an in-house screen-printed graphite:glass electrode for a sensitive and selective detection of clothianidin (CLO), imidacloprid (IMI), and thiamethoxam (TMX). Electrochemical characterization via cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy demonstrated a significant enhancement in electrode performance after the pretreatment, offering strong adsorption properties and detection limits in the nanomolar level, achieving the lowest reported LODs for CLO (26 nmol L⁻¹) and IMI (12 nmol L⁻¹). For all three NNIs, two linear ranges between 0.5 and 40 μmol L⁻¹ were observed, alongside great sensitivity (8.1–13.1 μA μmol⁻¹ L, depending on the analyte). Notably, the recoveries obtained for NNIs in surface water and honey samples, ranging from 96.3 % to 107.8 %, indicate its applicability for real-sample and on-field monitoring. Utilizing one-step voltammetric electrode pretreatment and adsorption-based pre-concentration offers a cost-effective, fast, and ultra-sensitive platform, thus addressing a critical need in environmental analysis and pesticide regulation.

由于新烟碱类杀虫剂的广泛使用和对非目标生物的不良影响，对传粉媒介种群和环境健康构成了重大威胁。尽管做出了监管努力，但对自然生态系统中NNIs的监测仍然具有挑战性。与传统的色谱方法相比，集成电化学传感器提供了快速和现场检测NNIs。在这项研究中，我们报道了一种基于内部丝网印刷石墨玻璃电极电化学预处理的新型伏安传感器，用于灵敏和选择性地检测噻虫胺（CLO），吡虫啉（IMI）和噻虫嗪（TMX）。通过循环伏安法和阻抗谱进行的电化学表征表明，预处理后电极性能显著增强，具有很强的吸附性能和纳摩尔水平的检测限，对CLO （26 nmol L−1）和IMI （12 nmol L−1）的lod达到了报道的最低水平。对于所有三种NNIs，在0.5和40 μmol L−1之间观察到两个线性范围，同时具有很高的灵敏度（8.1-13.1 μA μmol−1 L，取决于分析物）。值得注意的是，NNIs在地表水和蜂蜜样品中的回收率为96.3%至107.8%，表明其适用于实际样品和现场监测。利用一步伏安电极预处理和基于吸附的预浓缩提供了一个经济、快速和超灵敏的平台，从而解决了环境分析和农药监管的关键需求。

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