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2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)最新文献

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Electricity Monitoring System with Interchangeable Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Dynamic Power Management Circuitry 具有可互换压电能量采集器和动态电源管理电路的电力监测系统
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626335
Zongxian Yang, S. Zarabi, E. Fernandes, Isabel Rua, H. Debéda, A. Salehian, D. Nairn, Lan Wei
Real time electricity monitoring is critical to enable intelligent and customized energy management for users in residential and commercial buildings. Piezoelectric (PZT) energy harvesters (EHs) and sensors have been studied extensively and used for such application. One of the main application requirements is to design a cheap and robust system with flexibility to work with different PZT EHs without adjusting the circuit, enabling low-cost system upgrade or maintenance. This work aims at providing a low-cost and easily-maintainable solution to build wireless sensor network (WSN) for real-time electricity grid monitoring. This paper presents the design and integration of a self-contained, noninvasive system tested with two types of PZT EHs. The system is powered by EH, thus battery-less. The customized interface circuitry is designed to collect and regulate the energy from the EH. The dynamic power management ensures the system to work with two different EHs at a wide range of output power from micro-watt to milli-watt. The unit can achieve a read-transmit duty cycle from < 1min up to 18min, depending on the characteristics of different EHs and intensity of current passing through the wire being monitored, and is robust against unstable power input.
实时电力监测对于实现住宅和商业建筑用户的智能和定制能源管理至关重要。压电(PZT)能量收集器(EHs)和传感器已经得到了广泛的研究和应用。其中一个主要的应用要求是设计一种廉价且强大的系统,该系统可以灵活地与不同的PZT EHs一起工作,而无需调整电路,从而实现低成本的系统升级或维护。本工作旨在提供一种低成本、易维护的无线传感器网络(WSN)构建方案,实现对电网的实时监测。本文介绍了一个独立的、无创的系统的设计和集成,测试了两种类型的PZT EHs。该系统由EH供电,因此无需电池。定制的接口电路设计用于收集和调节来自EH的能量。动态电源管理确保系统在两种不同的EHs下工作,输出功率范围从微瓦到毫瓦。根据不同EHs的特性和通过被监测电线的电流强度,该装置可以实现从< 1min到18min的读-传占空比,并且对不稳定的电源输入具有鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 1
Machine Learning Bandgaps of Inorganic Mixed Halide Perovskites 无机混合卤化物钙钛矿的机器学习带隙
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626420
J. Stanley, A. Gagliardi
The identification of suitable lead-free perovskites is crucial for their envisioned applications in photovoltaics. Efficient and accurate vetting of these compounds for a range of properties has recently been accomplished in high-throughput studies by use of statistical learning methods. Here we demonstrate how one such property, the fundamental bandgap, can be predicted for a family of inorganic mixed halide perovskites using fingerprints based solely on the atomic arrangement of the unit cell. Important trends and experimentally accessible factors controlling this property are thereby illuminated in a chemically intuitive manner.
确定合适的无铅钙钛矿对于其在光伏电池中的预期应用至关重要。最近,利用统计学习方法在高通量研究中完成了对这些化合物一系列性质的有效和准确的审查。在这里,我们展示了如何使用指纹仅基于单元电池的原子排列来预测无机混合卤化物钙钛矿家族的基本带隙。因此,以化学直观的方式阐明了控制这一性质的重要趋势和实验上可获得的因素。
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引用次数: 1
Performance analysis for capacitive electrical neural interfaces 电容性电神经接口的性能分析
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8706513
C. Koca, E. Dinc, H. Ramezani, O. Akan
Neural interfaces will pave the way for novel treatment methods for neural disorders, which are due to communication problems in nervous system. Such disorders include spinal cord injuries, Alzheimer's and Multiple Sclerosis. In this work, we present a novel neural stimulator, which will act as the transmitter part of a neural interface. We perform in detail physical analysis of such a device for the first time, considering the electrostatic and capacitive effects. We also establish the stimulation requirements of the post-synaptic neuron and support our findings with COMSOL simulations. This work will pave the way to the design of more efficient neural stimulators.
神经接口将为神经系统中由于交流问题引起的神经疾病的治疗开辟新的途径。这些疾病包括脊髓损伤、阿尔茨海默氏症和多发性硬化症。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新的神经刺激器,它将作为神经接口的传递部分。我们首次对这种器件进行了详细的物理分析,考虑了静电和电容效应。我们还建立了突触后神经元的刺激需求,并通过COMSOL模拟支持了我们的发现。这项工作将为设计更有效的神经刺激器铺平道路。
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引用次数: 0
Metamaterial-Based Label-Free Chemical Sensors for the Detection of Volatile Organic Solutions 用于挥发性有机溶液检测的基于超材料的无标签化学传感器
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626254
Yu‐Sheng Lin, Ruijia Xu, Kanghong Yan, Jun Sha, Wenjun Chen, Ji Luo, Xiaoyan Liu, Shengrong Yang, Dongyuan Yao, Jitong Zhong, Shaoquan Liao, Yangbin Yu, Zefeng Xu, Yanlin Tong
Three metamaterials-based label-free chemical sensors for volatile organic solutions sensing are demonstrated. They are complementary circle metamaterial (CCM), complementary square metamaterial (CSM), and complementary U-shape metamaterial (CUM) compared to fill without and with various kinds of volatile organic solutions. The sensitivities of devices are 274.37 nm/RIU, 684.21 nm/RIU, 727.27 nm/RIU for CCM, CSM, and CUM, respectively. The figure-of-merit of CUM can be enhanced 3.36-fold and 1.28-fold compared to that of CCM and CSM, respectively. This sensing approach can successfully recognize inorganic and organic solutions for chemical sensors in mid-IR wavelength range.
展示了用于挥发性有机溶液传感的三种基于超材料的无标签化学传感器。它们分别是互补圆形超材料(CCM)、互补方形超材料(CSM)和互补u形超材料(CUM)。CCM、CSM和CUM的灵敏度分别为274.37 nm/RIU、684.21 nm/RIU、727.27 nm/RIU。与CCM和CSM相比,CUM的优点系数分别提高了3.36倍和1.28倍。该传感方法可以在中红外波长范围内成功地识别化学传感器的无机和有机溶液。
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引用次数: 0
Lightweight Refresh Method for PCM-based Neuromorphic Circuits 基于pcm的神经形态电路轻量刷新方法
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626327
Megumi Ito, M. Ishii, A. Okazaki, Sangbum Kim, J. Okazawa, A. Nomura, K. Hosokawa, W. Haensch
Phase change memory (PCM) is being explored as a synaptic nanodevice for scalable and low-power neuromorphic circuits. We present a novel and lightweight method to refresh PCM cells after they saturate at their maximum conductance during the learning process. Our learning system is an event-based Restricted Boltzmann Machine with Spike Time Dependent Plasticity update rule using a modified contrastive divergence algorithm. By using our event-based neuromorphic circuit simulator and the MNIST handwritten digit dataset, we show that our refresh method reduces power consumption by decreasing the number of SET and RESET programming pulses while maintaining high learning accuracy.
相变存储器(PCM)作为一种可扩展的低功耗神经形态电路的突触纳米器件正在被探索。在学习过程中,我们提出了一种新颖且轻量级的方法来刷新PCM细胞在其最大电导饱和后的状态。我们的学习系统是一个基于事件的受限玻尔兹曼机,它采用了一种改进的对比发散算法,具有峰值时间相关的可塑性更新规则。通过使用我们的基于事件的神经形态电路模拟器和MNIST手写数字数据集,我们表明我们的刷新方法通过减少SET和RESET编程脉冲的数量来降低功耗,同时保持较高的学习精度。
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引用次数: 7
Microwave Aided Synthesis of Colloidal Nickel Nanocrystals for Memory Device Application 微波辅助合成用于存储器件的胶体镍纳米晶体
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626246
M. Yadav, R. V. Ravi Shankar, Rohit Sharma
__Microwave assisted synthesis of colloidal Nickel nanocrystals is considered as an efficient technique to control particle size and their uniformity. This method is suitable for large-scale synthesis of the nanocrystals, which can have significant applications in memory devices. In this paper, we report microwave-assisted synthesis of colloidal nickel nanocrystals with an average size distribution of 5 nm. Colloidal nickel nanocrystals are spin coated over silicon dioxide wafer to understand the spin coating process reliability for memory device fabrication. Spin coated wafer surface is studied using atomic force microscopy and energy dispersive X -ray characterization methods. The synthesized nanocrystals are used for fabrication of non-volatile memory devices using spin coating process. We also present the process flow for fabrication and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of the fabricated device. Our results show significant flat band voltage shift of 4 V that indicates an excellent memory window for memory device.
微波辅助合成胶体镍纳米晶体被认为是一种有效的控制颗粒大小和均匀性的技术。该方法适合于纳米晶体的大规模合成,在存储器件中具有重要的应用价值。在本文中,我们报道了微波辅助合成的胶体镍纳米晶体,其平均尺寸分布为5nm。在二氧化硅晶圆上自旋涂覆胶体镍纳米晶体,了解自旋涂覆工艺在存储器件制造中的可靠性。利用原子力显微镜和能量色散X射线表征方法研究了自旋涂层硅片表面。所合成的纳米晶体用于自旋镀膜工艺制备非易失性存储器件。我们还介绍了制造工艺流程和制造器件的电容电压(C-V)特性。我们的研究结果显示了4 V的显著平带电压位移,这表明存储器件具有良好的存储窗口。
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引用次数: 1
Thermal transport in finite-size van der Waals materials: Modeling and Simulations 有限尺寸范德华材料的热输运:建模与模拟
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626240
G. Barbalinardo, Charles A. Sievers, Shunda Chen, D. Donadio
Alongside with exceptional electronic and optoelectronic properties, two-dimensional van der Waals materials present intriguing heat transport properties, such as ultra-high thermal conductivity. Here we perform molecular simulations to unravel how heat transport in these materials may be tuned upon mechanical strain and chemical transformations. Our study sheds light on the phononic structure and the thermal conductivity of strained and lithium-intercalated MoS2, and on the thermal boundary resistance among graphene layers.
除了优异的电子和光电子性能外,二维范德华材料还具有有趣的热传输性能,如超高导热性。在这里,我们进行分子模拟来揭示这些材料中的热传递如何在机械应变和化学转化上进行调整。我们的研究揭示了应变和锂插层MoS2的声子结构和导热性,以及石墨烯层之间的热边界电阻。
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引用次数: 2
A multi-scale simulation study for optimization and variability evaluation of molecular based flash cell 分子基闪光电池优化与变异性评价的多尺度模拟研究
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8706507
V. Georgiev, Laia Vilà‐Nadal, L. Cronin, A. Asenov
This paper presents computational simulation of a conceptual low power non-volatile memory cell based on inorganic molecular metal oxide clusters (polyoxometalates (POM)). The storage media is embedded in the gate dielectric of a Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator (FDSOI) device. The simulations are carried out using a multi-physics simulation framework, which allows us to evaluate the variability in the programming window of the molecular based flash cell with an 18 nm gate length. We have focused our study on the threshold voltage variability influenced by random dopant fluctuations and random special fluctuations of the molecules in the floating gate of the flash-cell. Our simulation framework and conclusions can be applied not only to the POM-based flash cell but also to flash cells based on alternative molecules used as a storage media.
本文提出了一种基于无机分子金属氧化物簇(聚金属氧酸盐(POM))的概念性低功耗非易失性存储电池的计算模拟。该存储介质嵌入在完全耗尽绝缘体上硅(FDSOI)器件的栅极介质中。模拟是使用多物理场模拟框架进行的,这使我们能够评估具有18 nm栅极长度的分子基闪光电池的编程窗口的可变性。我们重点研究了掺杂物随机波动和浮栅中分子随机特殊波动对阈值电压变化的影响。我们的模拟框架和结论不仅可以应用于基于pom的闪存电池,也可以应用于基于替代分子作为存储介质的闪存电池。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis and Characterization of Tungsten Oxide Electrochromic Thin Films 氧化钨电致变色薄膜的合成与表征
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626293
Yingpeng Zhen, T. Gaol, B. P. Jelle
A radio frequency sputtering method was utilized and developed for tungsten oxide film preparation. The thickness of tungsten oxide film can be controlled at nano scale. Tungsten oxide thin films with thickness of ~36 nm was prepared and investigated. The morphologies and microstructures of the as-prepared tungsten oxide thin films were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Flourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Tungsten oxide films utilized in the laboratory changed color from colorless to blue during electrochemical cycles, showing a potential for assembling electrochromic smart windows to modulate the transmitted solar radiations.
采用射频溅射法制备氧化钨薄膜。氧化钨薄膜的厚度可以在纳米尺度上进行控制。制备并研究了厚度为~36 nm的氧化钨薄膜。利用x射线衍射、扫描电镜和红外光谱对制备的氧化钨薄膜的形貌和微观结构进行了表征。在实验室中使用的氧化钨薄膜在电化学循环中从无色变为蓝色,显示出组装电致变色智能窗口来调制透射的太阳辐射的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Plasmonic and Dielectric Nanostructures for Improved Performance of Ingan thin Film Solar Cells 等离子体和介电纳米结构用于改善Ingan薄膜太阳能电池的性能
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2018.8626376
U. Kumawat, Kamal Kumar, Nitin Gupta, A. Dhawan
In this study, we present Indium-rich InGaN thin film solar cells containing a periodic array of various plasmonic and dielectric nanostructures such as Ag nanogratings (NGs), ITO nanogratings, and Ag nanodiscs (NDs). Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations were carried out for solar cells containing nanostructures on the back side and on the front side of the solar cells, and an improvement in the performance of the solar cells was compared for the different geometries of these nanostructures. FDTD simulation results demonstrate a broadband absorption enhancement in the active-medium after employing a combination of Ag nanodiscs and ITO nanogratings. The Ag NDs lead to an enhanced surface plasmon-based scattering of longer wavelengths of light, while the ITO NGs lead to enhanced scattering of shorter wavelengths of light. This leads to a significant enhancement in optical absorption in the active medium, as well as in the short circuit current density, $mathrm{J}_{text{sc}}$, of these solar cells.
在这项研究中,我们提出了富含铟的InGaN薄膜太阳能电池,其中包含各种等离子体和介电纳米结构的周期性阵列,如银纳米光栅(ng), ITO纳米光栅和银纳米片(nd)。采用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法对太阳能电池背面和正面的纳米结构进行了仿真,比较了不同几何形状的纳米结构对太阳能电池性能的影响。时域有限差分模拟结果表明,采用银纳米片和ITO纳米光栅组合后,活性介质中的宽带吸收增强。Ag纳米粒子导致表面等离子体对波长较长的光的散射增强,而ITO纳米粒子导致波长较短的光的散射增强。这导致在有源介质中的光吸收显著增强,以及在短路电流密度,$ mathm {J}_{text{sc}}$,这些太阳能电池。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)
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