Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-123-140
Xue Chen
The article discusses the peculiarities of the terminology of traditional Chinese medicine and the problems that arise during its translation into Russian. The author shows that the most common model for creating terms in this field is represented by two-word and four-word phrases. It is noted that their translation cannot be limited to traditional methods. It is asserted that the conceptual meaning of terms in traditional Chinese medicine has historical, philosophical, and humanistic foundations. It is emphasized that the translation of terms in traditional Chinese medicine should include issues of cultural communication. Examples of successful and unsuccessful translations of terms into Russian demonstrate that the rich cultural subtext contained in them determines the difficulty of their perception. The reasons for incorrect translations of terms in traditional Chinese medicine are indicated, among which their non-equivalence, historical-cultural context, differences in content when there are differences in expression, etc. It is concluded that an important issue in translating terms in traditional Chinese medicine is the need to formulate unified rules for translating texts in this field into a foreign language.
{"title":"Translation of Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine into Russian: Cultural Communication and Translation Features","authors":"Xue Chen","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-123-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-123-140","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the peculiarities of the terminology of traditional Chinese medicine and the problems that arise during its translation into Russian. The author shows that the most common model for creating terms in this field is represented by two-word and four-word phrases. It is noted that their translation cannot be limited to traditional methods. It is asserted that the conceptual meaning of terms in traditional Chinese medicine has historical, philosophical, and humanistic foundations. It is emphasized that the translation of terms in traditional Chinese medicine should include issues of cultural communication. Examples of successful and unsuccessful translations of terms into Russian demonstrate that the rich cultural subtext contained in them determines the difficulty of their perception. The reasons for incorrect translations of terms in traditional Chinese medicine are indicated, among which their non-equivalence, historical-cultural context, differences in content when there are differences in expression, etc. It is concluded that an important issue in translating terms in traditional Chinese medicine is the need to formulate unified rules for translating texts in this field into a foreign language.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"61 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-9-27
T. M. Voronina
The sphere of “Education” can be understood in terms of culture, knowledge, axiology, etc. This indicates the integrative and multi-aspect nature of the content behind lexemes such as education, learning, teaching, and studying. The main aspect of this article is lexicographic, with the aim of determining the scope and structure of the lexical set of words comprising the ideographic sphere of “Education” in modern Russian language. The work was carried out as part of the development of the project “Universal Ideographic Dictionary-Thesaurus of the Russian” by the Ural Semantic School under the guidance of L. G. Babenko. Materials from various dictionaries prepared by this team of researchers were used. Methods used included component analysis of lexical meaning and ideographic classification. Various types of relationships organizing this lexical set were identified in order to present a modeling of the “Education” sphere as a fragment of the denotative-ideographic world map. Examples of words and word groups related by hyper-hyponymy, meronymy, synonymy, and antonymy within the denotative-ideographic groups of this sphere are provided. It is shown that the lexical set of words representing the sphere of “Education,” like many other similar classes of words denotatively linked to human social life, is structured not hierarchically, but in accordance with components of represented situations.
教育 "领域可以从文化、知识、公理等方面来理解。这表明 "教育"、"学习"、"教学 "和 "研究 "等词组背后的内容具有综合性和多面性。本文的主要内容是词典学，目的是确定现代俄语 "教育 "表意领域的词集范围和结构。这项工作是乌拉尔语义学校在 L. G. Babenko 的指导下开展的 "俄语通用表意词典-词库 "项目的一部分。使用的材料来自该研究小组编写的各种词典。使用的方法包括词义成分分析和表意分类。为了将 "教育 "领域作为表意-表意世界地图的一个片段来建模，确定了组织该词集的各类关系。在该领域的指称-表意词组中，提供了通过超同义词、同义词、同义词和反义词关联的词和词组的例子。结果表明，代表 "教育 "领域的词集，与其他许多与人类社会生活相关的类似词类一样，不是按等级结构，而是按所代表情境的组成部分结构的。
{"title":"Specifics of Structuring Ideographic Word Classes Representing Social Spheres (Example of “Education” Sphere)","authors":"T. M. Voronina","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-9-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-9-27","url":null,"abstract":"The sphere of “Education” can be understood in terms of culture, knowledge, axiology, etc. This indicates the integrative and multi-aspect nature of the content behind lexemes such as education, learning, teaching, and studying. The main aspect of this article is lexicographic, with the aim of determining the scope and structure of the lexical set of words comprising the ideographic sphere of “Education” in modern Russian language. The work was carried out as part of the development of the project “Universal Ideographic Dictionary-Thesaurus of the Russian” by the Ural Semantic School under the guidance of L. G. Babenko. Materials from various dictionaries prepared by this team of researchers were used. Methods used included component analysis of lexical meaning and ideographic classification. Various types of relationships organizing this lexical set were identified in order to present a modeling of the “Education” sphere as a fragment of the denotative-ideographic world map. Examples of words and word groups related by hyper-hyponymy, meronymy, synonymy, and antonymy within the denotative-ideographic groups of this sphere are provided. It is shown that the lexical set of words representing the sphere of “Education,” like many other similar classes of words denotatively linked to human social life, is structured not hierarchically, but in accordance with components of represented situations.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"64 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-49-67
N. I. Ivanova
The article explores the issue of language reproduction in family communication among the Yakut people in the context of transformational tendencies in the development of urban families during the industrialization era. Using a multidisciplinary approach and sociolinguistic surveys conducted in 2007, 2014, and 2021, the study aims to identify dynamic changes in the functioning of the native (ethnic) language in family communication among rural and urban Yakut people. The results show that the ethnic function of the Yakut language is relevant only for half of urban Yakut families (52.1%) and 89.2% of rural Yakut families. In the context of general social transformation of the family institution, the main findings indicate a reduction in the volume of communication with children in everyday communication, a decrease in intergenerational family communication space on the ethnic language (grandmothers communicating with grandchildren), and a slight increase in parental communication with children. The social function of the ethnic language in rural family communication remains stable due to relative mono-ethnicity and geographical remoteness, but the introduction of digitization into everyday language use leads to cases of younger children switching to another language.
{"title":"Language Distribution in Sakha Family Communication: Traditions and Innovations","authors":"N. I. Ivanova","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-49-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-49-67","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the issue of language reproduction in family communication among the Yakut people in the context of transformational tendencies in the development of urban families during the industrialization era. Using a multidisciplinary approach and sociolinguistic surveys conducted in 2007, 2014, and 2021, the study aims to identify dynamic changes in the functioning of the native (ethnic) language in family communication among rural and urban Yakut people. The results show that the ethnic function of the Yakut language is relevant only for half of urban Yakut families (52.1%) and 89.2% of rural Yakut families. In the context of general social transformation of the family institution, the main findings indicate a reduction in the volume of communication with children in everyday communication, a decrease in intergenerational family communication space on the ethnic language (grandmothers communicating with grandchildren), and a slight increase in parental communication with children. The social function of the ethnic language in rural family communication remains stable due to relative mono-ethnicity and geographical remoteness, but the introduction of digitization into everyday language use leads to cases of younger children switching to another language.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-85-103
L. Moskovkin
The aim of the article is to examine models of speech ontogenesis in Russian monolinguals living in Russia and Russian-German bilinguals living in Germany. The study uses deviations from literary language norms in transcriptions of oral speech from 42 monolinguals and 48 bilinguals, supplemented by speech analysis data reflected in printed sources. Research methods include surveys, interviews, reading phonetically representative texts and picture stories, analysis of deviations from literary language norms, and synthesis of speech data. Two models of speech ontogenesis for monolinguals and four models for bilinguals are described. It is shown that the process of speech ontogenesis proceeds differently among Russian language speakers depending on a) whether it occurs in Russia or abroad, b) which variety of Russian language the speaker uses, c) at what age the foreign speaker of Russian language begins to actively use the language of the majority. It is established that the most important factor preventing the loss of elements of the Russian language in the diaspora is mastery of literary language norms. The dependence of the appearance of interference from the German language on the model of speech ontogenesis is determined.
{"title":"Models of Speech Ontogenesis in Russian Monolinguals and Russian-German Bilinguals","authors":"L. Moskovkin","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-85-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-85-103","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to examine models of speech ontogenesis in Russian monolinguals living in Russia and Russian-German bilinguals living in Germany. The study uses deviations from literary language norms in transcriptions of oral speech from 42 monolinguals and 48 bilinguals, supplemented by speech analysis data reflected in printed sources. Research methods include surveys, interviews, reading phonetically representative texts and picture stories, analysis of deviations from literary language norms, and synthesis of speech data. Two models of speech ontogenesis for monolinguals and four models for bilinguals are described. It is shown that the process of speech ontogenesis proceeds differently among Russian language speakers depending on a) whether it occurs in Russia or abroad, b) which variety of Russian language the speaker uses, c) at what age the foreign speaker of Russian language begins to actively use the language of the majority. It is established that the most important factor preventing the loss of elements of the Russian language in the diaspora is mastery of literary language norms. The dependence of the appearance of interference from the German language on the model of speech ontogenesis is determined.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"173 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-68-84
E. S. Kachmazova, I. N. Tsallagova, F. A. Tsarikayeva
This article analyzes the converted lexicon of the Iron and Digor dialects of the Ossetian language. The study uses lexical units extracted through a random sampling method from Ossetian language dictionaries. The relevance of the research lies in identifying the primary conversion models necessary for solving problems related to the differentiation of parts of speech in the Ossetian language. The novelty of the study is that it attempts a scientific description of Ossetian conversion models using linguistic material from the Iron and Digor dialects. The study reveals that the most active forms of conversion in the Ossetian language are substantivization, adjectivization, and adverbialization (the direction of productivity may vary). The study also shows that the conversion model in the Ossetian language often includes nouns, adjectives, and participles. Conversion relationships between autosynthetic and synsemantic words in the Ossetian language are mainly represented by adverbs and postpositions, which are due to the developed system of postpositions in the Ossetian language. Analysis of linguistic material from the two main dialects of the Ossetian language suggests that there are no significant differences in the mechanisms of converting Iron and Digor lexicons.
{"title":"Conversion in Ossetian Language (Iron and Digor Dialects)","authors":"E. S. Kachmazova, I. N. Tsallagova, F. A. Tsarikayeva","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-68-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-68-84","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the converted lexicon of the Iron and Digor dialects of the Ossetian language. The study uses lexical units extracted through a random sampling method from Ossetian language dictionaries. The relevance of the research lies in identifying the primary conversion models necessary for solving problems related to the differentiation of parts of speech in the Ossetian language. The novelty of the study is that it attempts a scientific description of Ossetian conversion models using linguistic material from the Iron and Digor dialects. The study reveals that the most active forms of conversion in the Ossetian language are substantivization, adjectivization, and adverbialization (the direction of productivity may vary). The study also shows that the conversion model in the Ossetian language often includes nouns, adjectives, and participles. Conversion relationships between autosynthetic and synsemantic words in the Ossetian language are mainly represented by adverbs and postpositions, which are due to the developed system of postpositions in the Ossetian language. Analysis of linguistic material from the two main dialects of the Ossetian language suggests that there are no significant differences in the mechanisms of converting Iron and Digor lexicons.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-104-122
E. S. Onufrieva
The article analyzes the functioning of the Modern Greek verb κάθομαι ‘to sit’ in relation to its lexical and syntactic environment. The study is motivated by the under-researched system of position verbs in Modern Greek and their grammaticalization. Corpus and lexicographic methods are used, drawing on data from the National Corpus of Greek and the elTenTen19 corpus, as well as major Modern Greek dictionaries. The spectrum of meanings of κάθομαι is analyzed, along with the constructions in which these meanings are manifested. A corpus analysis of the construction Τι κάθεσαι και Χ is separately conducted. The study shows that κάθομαι is a weakly semantically-specified lexical unit whose meaning is determined by its context. In the construction Τι κάθεσαι και Χ, which expresses a negative evaluation of an action or state X, the verb κάθομαι loses its meaning of a specific human posture. However, depending on the lexical content of the construction slot, it is capable of demonstrating various non-locative meanings within the same construction. The interaction between κάθομαι as a constituent element of the construction and the lexical content of the slot allows this verb to exhibit its polysemy.
文章分析了现代希腊语动词κάθομαι "坐 "的功能与其词汇和句法环境的关系。本研究的动机是对现代希腊语中的位置动词系统及其语法化研究不足。研究采用了语料库和词典学方法，从国家希腊语语料库和 elTenTen19 语料库以及主要的现代希腊语词典中汲取数据。分析了κάθομαι的各种意义，以及体现这些意义的结构。另外还对结构 Τι κάθεσαι και Χ 进行了语料分析。研究表明，κάθομαι 是一个弱语义的词汇单位，其意义由语境决定。在表达对动作或状态 X 的否定评价的结构 Τι κάθεσαι και Χ 中，动词 κάθομαι 失去了特定人体姿势的意义。然而，根据结构槽的词汇内容，它能够在同一结构中表现出各种非唤醒意义。作为构词成分的κάθομαι和槽的词汇内容之间的相互作用使这个动词表现出它的多义性。
{"title":"Modern Greek Constructions with Position Verb κάθομαι","authors":"E. S. Onufrieva","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-104-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-104-122","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the functioning of the Modern Greek verb κάθομαι ‘to sit’ in relation to its lexical and syntactic environment. The study is motivated by the under-researched system of position verbs in Modern Greek and their grammaticalization. Corpus and lexicographic methods are used, drawing on data from the National Corpus of Greek and the elTenTen19 corpus, as well as major Modern Greek dictionaries. The spectrum of meanings of κάθομαι is analyzed, along with the constructions in which these meanings are manifested. A corpus analysis of the construction Τι κάθεσαι και Χ is separately conducted. The study shows that κάθομαι is a weakly semantically-specified lexical unit whose meaning is determined by its context. In the construction Τι κάθεσαι και Χ, which expresses a negative evaluation of an action or state X, the verb κάθομαι loses its meaning of a specific human posture. However, depending on the lexical content of the construction slot, it is capable of demonstrating various non-locative meanings within the same construction. The interaction between κάθομαι as a constituent element of the construction and the lexical content of the slot allows this verb to exhibit its polysemy.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"136 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-28-48
M. Golomidova, S. Goryaev
This article addresses the issue of representing regional and local identity in urban toponymy. Based on a sociological interpretation of the phenomenon of territorial identity in an urban environment, the authors aim to identify how residents perceive the toponymic / urbanonymic landscape as a translator of local distinctiveness. The study was conducted in the Zaural city of Shadrinsk, founded in the 17th century. The research method involved a targeted survey of residents on the Internet, followed by socio- and linguocultural interpretation of the data obtained. The results of the study allowed for the identification of stable key characteristics in the established image of Shadrinsk among its residents. A discrepancy was found between the need to update the urbanonymic landscape by emphasizing its unique features and the insufficient efforts in this direction. Data was collected on preferred nominative themes for potential names, and new urbanonyms were proposed that could best support the city’s key characteristics and enhance the representation of its regional and local identity.
本文探讨了在城市地名中体现区域和地方特征的问题。基于对城市环境中地域认同现象的社会学解释，作者旨在确定居民如何看待地名/城市地名景观作为地方特色的翻译者。研究在 17 世纪建立的沙德林斯克市（Zaural city of Shadrinsk）进行。研究方法包括在互联网上对居民进行有针对性的调查，然后对获得的数据进行社会和语言文化解读。研究结果确定了沙德林斯克在居民心目中既定形象的稳定关键特征。通过强调城市地名的独特性来更新城市地名景观的必要性与在这方面所做的努力之间存在差异。我们收集了有关潜在名称首选提名主题的数据，并提出了新的城市地名，这些地名能够最好地支持该城市的主要特征，并增强其区域和地方特征的代表性。
{"title":"Toponymic Landscape of Shadrinsk in Aspect of Regional and Local Identity: A Sociolinguistic Study","authors":"M. Golomidova, S. Goryaev","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-28-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-28-48","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the issue of representing regional and local identity in urban toponymy. Based on a sociological interpretation of the phenomenon of territorial identity in an urban environment, the authors aim to identify how residents perceive the toponymic / urbanonymic landscape as a translator of local distinctiveness. The study was conducted in the Zaural city of Shadrinsk, founded in the 17th century. The research method involved a targeted survey of residents on the Internet, followed by socio- and linguocultural interpretation of the data obtained. The results of the study allowed for the identification of stable key characteristics in the established image of Shadrinsk among its residents. A discrepancy was found between the need to update the urbanonymic landscape by emphasizing its unique features and the insufficient efforts in this direction. Data was collected on preferred nominative themes for potential names, and new urbanonyms were proposed that could best support the city’s key characteristics and enhance the representation of its regional and local identity.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"237 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-517-532
I. A. Shevchenko, L. I. Zemtsov
The problem of alcohol consumption and the struggle for sobriety in Russia in the early 20th century is being investigated. The discussion in government and public circles about the possibility of effectively combating drunkenness by spreading the culture of consuming low-alcohol beverages (primarily beer) among the people is analyzed. The aim of the article is to analyze how viable this idea could have been in the realities of that time. The relevance of addressing this topic is due to the ongoing search in modern Russia for ways to spread the values of a healthy lifestyle among the population in the face of the interests of producers and sellers of various types of alcohol in preserving and increasing their profits. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and comparative analysis. Among the sources used are archival materials (from the RGIA funds), press, stenographic reports of State Duma meetings, and journalism. The sources used together allow achieving the set goal. The main result of the research is to clarify the circumstances and reasons for the victory of domestic temperance forces over the “beer lobby” in the 1900s—1910s, the main reason being the unwillingness of the government, society, and the masses to replace strong vodka with beer on a national scale.
{"title":"Fight for Sobriety in Russia at Beginning of 20th Century: Discussion on Low-Alcohol Beverages","authors":"I. A. Shevchenko, L. I. Zemtsov","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-517-532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-517-532","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of alcohol consumption and the struggle for sobriety in Russia in the early 20th century is being investigated. The discussion in government and public circles about the possibility of effectively combating drunkenness by spreading the culture of consuming low-alcohol beverages (primarily beer) among the people is analyzed. The aim of the article is to analyze how viable this idea could have been in the realities of that time. The relevance of addressing this topic is due to the ongoing search in modern Russia for ways to spread the values of a healthy lifestyle among the population in the face of the interests of producers and sellers of various types of alcohol in preserving and increasing their profits. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and comparative analysis. Among the sources used are archival materials (from the RGIA funds), press, stenographic reports of State Duma meetings, and journalism. The sources used together allow achieving the set goal. The main result of the research is to clarify the circumstances and reasons for the victory of domestic temperance forces over the “beer lobby” in the 1900s—1910s, the main reason being the unwillingness of the government, society, and the masses to replace strong vodka with beer on a national scale.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"337 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-497-516
K. K. Fidarova, L. C. Khablieva, S. V. Kalabekova
The article discusses a range of issues related to labor mobilization during the emergency conditions of wartime in the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. One of the main objectives of this article is the publication of sources in a scholarly manner. The materials from the Central State Archive of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and the State Archive of Recent History of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania on the topic are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The materials containing decisions on implementing defense measures, creating a system of defensive fortifications, and mobilizing citizens through labor duty are analyzed. Attention is paid to the activities of the Ordzhonikidzevsk (Vladikavkaz) Defense Committee and local authorities in organizing work in these areas. The relevance of the study lies in shedding light on historical experience in taking defense measures with active support from the population in the rear. The authors emphasize that rear work helped the army to accomplish its tasks. The authors conclude that during the Great Patriotic War, heavy physical labor became a norm of life for women, children, and adolescents who replaced able-bodied men who had gone to the front. Labor mobilization allowed for the quick organization of work by a large number of people and brought victory closer.
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Pub Date : 2023-12-09DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-482-496
Ruilin Xu, S. S. Kolegov
This article provides a brief overview of the development of Russian-Turkish relations in the 21st century against the backdrop of changes in Turkey’s domestic political situation at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Special attention is paid to the evolution of Turkey’s foreign policy strategy. It is noted that the Russian Federation is a particularly important partner for the Republic of Turkey. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that currently, the relationship between the two countries continues to develop actively, despite external political challenges. At the same time, the history of Russia-Turkey contacts requires further study, as this period is not well represented in the existing literature. The novelty of this research lies in the use of new sources to study state relations. The authors of the article come to a justified conclusion that the Turkish government seeks to develop its relationship with the Russian Federation while maintaining ties with both Western and Eastern countries. This demonstrates their efforts to utilize the opportunities provided by Turkey’s geographical location, which serves as a “corridor” between various parts of Eurasia.
{"title":"Turkish-Russian Relations in 21st Century: Problems of Development","authors":"Ruilin Xu, S. S. Kolegov","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-482-496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-9-482-496","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a brief overview of the development of Russian-Turkish relations in the 21st century against the backdrop of changes in Turkey’s domestic political situation at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Special attention is paid to the evolution of Turkey’s foreign policy strategy. It is noted that the Russian Federation is a particularly important partner for the Republic of Turkey. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that currently, the relationship between the two countries continues to develop actively, despite external political challenges. At the same time, the history of Russia-Turkey contacts requires further study, as this period is not well represented in the existing literature. The novelty of this research lies in the use of new sources to study state relations. The authors of the article come to a justified conclusion that the Turkish government seeks to develop its relationship with the Russian Federation while maintaining ties with both Western and Eastern countries. This demonstrates their efforts to utilize the opportunities provided by Turkey’s geographical location, which serves as a “corridor” between various parts of Eurasia.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":"316 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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