Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-288-304
A. A. Valitov, V. S. Sulimov
The subject of this study is the rural settlements of the Tyumen district in the first quarter of the 20th century. It is noted that during this period, the Tyumen district was situated at the heart of the Tyumen region, ranking first in terms of population size (44,545 people) and the area of territory covered (5.4 thousand square kilometers). The paper examines changes in the number and typology of settlements within the Tyumen district through the lens of its rural localities. It has been established that the district’s settlement network consisted of 177 localities, falling into 11 types, with villages making up a significant proportion — over 50%. This fact indicates that in long-settled regions, settlement networks have existed in virtually unchanged forms despite various external and internal factors. Fifteen villages were identified as creating the framework of the Tyumen district’s settlement network, demonstrating resilience and successfully adapting to new conditions. For instance, data from 1912 and 1926 show that population numbers in these localities were growing, especially in those settlements occupying advantageous (central) positions within the existing network. Many villages in the Tyumen district attained this status during the Soviet period, even though at the beginning of the 20th century they were mere villages. Successful new connections between settlements were facilitated by transportation factors (the presence of railways, tract roads, and a navigable water artery — the Tura River).
{"title":"Tyumen District in 1920s: Settlement Numbers and Development Features","authors":"A. A. Valitov, V. S. Sulimov","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-288-304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-288-304","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this study is the rural settlements of the Tyumen district in the first quarter of the 20th century. It is noted that during this period, the Tyumen district was situated at the heart of the Tyumen region, ranking first in terms of population size (44,545 people) and the area of territory covered (5.4 thousand square kilometers). The paper examines changes in the number and typology of settlements within the Tyumen district through the lens of its rural localities. It has been established that the district’s settlement network consisted of 177 localities, falling into 11 types, with villages making up a significant proportion — over 50%. This fact indicates that in long-settled regions, settlement networks have existed in virtually unchanged forms despite various external and internal factors. Fifteen villages were identified as creating the framework of the Tyumen district’s settlement network, demonstrating resilience and successfully adapting to new conditions. For instance, data from 1912 and 1926 show that population numbers in these localities were growing, especially in those settlements occupying advantageous (central) positions within the existing network. Many villages in the Tyumen district attained this status during the Soviet period, even though at the beginning of the 20th century they were mere villages. Successful new connections between settlements were facilitated by transportation factors (the presence of railways, tract roads, and a navigable water artery — the Tura River).","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-378-394
D. S. Mityureva
The article examines the origins of the modern right to remain silent and not testify against oneself, which was established in legal discussions among English jurists in the sixteenth century and in the practice of English courts in the seventeenth century. The aim of the article is to analyze the conflict between common and civil law jurists in the late sixteenth century regarding the procedure of ex officio oath-taking, that is, taking an oath due to the prosecutor’s official position. The legal context of the 1580s-1590s, when there was a dispute over the activities of the High Commission, is reviewed. The legal texts under consideration demonstrate a struggle between inquisitorial practices and attempts to make the judicial process (including the church) “properly organized.” Special attention is paid to the position of Robert Bill, a clerk of the Privy Council. The author delves into the arguments Bill presents against ex officio oaths. The analysis of the legal debate allows for a broader understanding of several conflicts: the relationship between church and common law in England after the Reformation and the balance of power between authorities and subjects’ rights.
{"title":"Legal Debates on ‘Ex Officio’ Procedure in Late 16th Century England: Robert Bill’s Position","authors":"D. S. Mityureva","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-378-394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-378-394","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the origins of the modern right to remain silent and not testify against oneself, which was established in legal discussions among English jurists in the sixteenth century and in the practice of English courts in the seventeenth century. The aim of the article is to analyze the conflict between common and civil law jurists in the late sixteenth century regarding the procedure of ex officio oath-taking, that is, taking an oath due to the prosecutor’s official position. The legal context of the 1580s-1590s, when there was a dispute over the activities of the High Commission, is reviewed. The legal texts under consideration demonstrate a struggle between inquisitorial practices and attempts to make the judicial process (including the church) “properly organized.” Special attention is paid to the position of Robert Bill, a clerk of the Privy Council. The author delves into the arguments Bill presents against ex officio oaths. The analysis of the legal debate allows for a broader understanding of several conflicts: the relationship between church and common law in England after the Reformation and the balance of power between authorities and subjects’ rights.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-142-165
O. Alimuradov, M. A. Gorbunova
This article analyzes the functional potential of multilingual texts within urban spaces from a linguistic-semiotic perspective. The study uses a sample of 1590 multilingual texts, consisting of photographs of graffiti objects found in four cities in Southern Russia: Nalchik, the Novorossiysk agglomeration (Novorossiysk and Myskhako), Pyatigorsk, and Rostov-on-Don. The methods used include continuous sampling of multilingual texts, content analysis of their verbal elements, semiotic analysis of their graphic elements, comparative and contrastive methods, and quantitative data processing techniques. The phenomenon of graffiti is analyzed from linguistic and linguo-semiotic perspectives, with a distinction made between graffiti and street art. The authors describe the ontology of graffiti in the urban environment through a series of important dichotomies: visibility / invisibility, performance / risk / art, and sanction/unsanction. The functions of graffiti are also examined in detail, including their integrative-identifying function, self-presentation function, protest function, subversive function, and advertising / propaganda function. The study concludes that multilingual texts, represented in the form of graffiti within urban spaces, have significant functional potential.
{"title":"Functional Potential of Multilingual Text in Urban Space: a Linguistic-Semiotic Perspective","authors":"O. Alimuradov, M. A. Gorbunova","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-142-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-142-165","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the functional potential of multilingual texts within urban spaces from a linguistic-semiotic perspective. The study uses a sample of 1590 multilingual texts, consisting of photographs of graffiti objects found in four cities in Southern Russia: Nalchik, the Novorossiysk agglomeration (Novorossiysk and Myskhako), Pyatigorsk, and Rostov-on-Don. The methods used include continuous sampling of multilingual texts, content analysis of their verbal elements, semiotic analysis of their graphic elements, comparative and contrastive methods, and quantitative data processing techniques. The phenomenon of graffiti is analyzed from linguistic and linguo-semiotic perspectives, with a distinction made between graffiti and street art. The authors describe the ontology of graffiti in the urban environment through a series of important dichotomies: visibility / invisibility, performance / risk / art, and sanction/unsanction. The functions of graffiti are also examined in detail, including their integrative-identifying function, self-presentation function, protest function, subversive function, and advertising / propaganda function. The study concludes that multilingual texts, represented in the form of graffiti within urban spaces, have significant functional potential.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-452-472
E. Rostovtsev, I. V. Sidorchuk
This study explores the issue of obtaining academic degrees in prerevolutionary Russia, a process that was an integral part of scientific initiation, allowing individuals to enter the ranks of the country’s intellectual elite. The aim of this paper is to determine the interplay between socio-political, corporate, and scientific elements in shaping the discourse of academic disputation. The analysis presented herein draws upon data primarily concerning Saint Petersburg University, which was a leading center for Russian scholarly activity. Specifically, this research utilizes unpublished materials from the minutes of the University Council meetings, journals of public assemblies of various faculties, and archives managed by the Saint Petersburg educational district, containing information on planned disputes. The authors conclude that there were eight formal obstacles a candidate had to overcome in the pursuit of a degree. The key hurdle was access to the public defense, which was a closed affair, being an internal corporate matter that excluded not only the degree candidate but also external authorities and society at large. The public defense of a thesis served more as a socially significant rite of corporate initiation, demonstrating the public importance of the corporation.
{"title":"Models of Dissertation Defense: From Post-Reform University to Soviet Era (Case of Saint Petersburg University)","authors":"E. Rostovtsev, I. V. Sidorchuk","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-452-472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-452-472","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the issue of obtaining academic degrees in prerevolutionary Russia, a process that was an integral part of scientific initiation, allowing individuals to enter the ranks of the country’s intellectual elite. The aim of this paper is to determine the interplay between socio-political, corporate, and scientific elements in shaping the discourse of academic disputation. The analysis presented herein draws upon data primarily concerning Saint Petersburg University, which was a leading center for Russian scholarly activity. Specifically, this research utilizes unpublished materials from the minutes of the University Council meetings, journals of public assemblies of various faculties, and archives managed by the Saint Petersburg educational district, containing information on planned disputes. The authors conclude that there were eight formal obstacles a candidate had to overcome in the pursuit of a degree. The key hurdle was access to the public defense, which was a closed affair, being an internal corporate matter that excluded not only the degree candidate but also external authorities and society at large. The public defense of a thesis served more as a socially significant rite of corporate initiation, demonstrating the public importance of the corporation.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-473-490
E. V. Sokolova
The article examines the characteristics of the formation of the rural settlement network in the territory of modern Omsk region during the last quarter of the 19th century through the early 20th century. The relevance of this study is driven by societal and governmental interest in rural history, as well as by the expansion of the source base, which is related to the popularization of museum collections and personal archives. Throughout the research, the author analyzes a wide range of sources and identifies features of the territory’s settlement, lifestyle, and everyday life of peasants, as well as the nature of relationships between settlers and natives. The author concludes that natural and geographical conditions played a significant role in shaping the network of rural settlements, organizing economic life, and the daily routines of peasants. Particular attention is paid to the study of the economic life of peasants, as it was one of the defining factors in the formation of the rural settlement network of the territory. The investigation reveals that agriculture was the main occupation for peasants in the Omsk Irtysh region, despite the limited amount of arable land available. Livestock breeding was confined to its economic significance. Additional income for peasants depended on their settlement location and was determined by the natural resources of the territory. Natural and geographical conditions also dictated the external appearance of settlements.
{"title":"Rural Settlement Network in Territory of Contemporary Omsk Region from Last Quarter of 19th Century to Early 20th Century","authors":"E. V. Sokolova","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-473-490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-473-490","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the characteristics of the formation of the rural settlement network in the territory of modern Omsk region during the last quarter of the 19th century through the early 20th century. The relevance of this study is driven by societal and governmental interest in rural history, as well as by the expansion of the source base, which is related to the popularization of museum collections and personal archives. Throughout the research, the author analyzes a wide range of sources and identifies features of the territory’s settlement, lifestyle, and everyday life of peasants, as well as the nature of relationships between settlers and natives. The author concludes that natural and geographical conditions played a significant role in shaping the network of rural settlements, organizing economic life, and the daily routines of peasants. Particular attention is paid to the study of the economic life of peasants, as it was one of the defining factors in the formation of the rural settlement network of the territory. The investigation reveals that agriculture was the main occupation for peasants in the Omsk Irtysh region, despite the limited amount of arable land available. Livestock breeding was confined to its economic significance. Additional income for peasants depended on their settlement location and was determined by the natural resources of the territory. Natural and geographical conditions also dictated the external appearance of settlements.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-414-434
D. A. Pinaeva
The article examines the role of public scientific and technical associations in the implementation of the Soviet Union’s science and technology policy aimed at stimulating inventive activity and expediting the introduction of new technology into production. Considering mass invention and rationalization as a crucial resource for ensuring the country’s competitiveness, especially in industries not related to the defense-industrial complex, the state essentially fully administered the activities of scientific and technical societies. The evolution of the mass invention management system is demonstrated. Organizational and economic mechanisms aimed at stimulating innovative activity are analyzed, revealing the most effective and indemand practices. It is noted that public associations had high potential for solving scientific and technical tasks, possessing a large number of qualified personnel, an extensive network of primary organizations, and a centralized management apparatus. However, administrative pressure, the imposition of ideological directives not inherent to scientific and technical societies, the creation of numerous associations with duplicative functions, and the pursuit of increasing quantitative indicators constrained the possibilities of scientific and technical societies, ultimately leading to formalism in the work of public associations.
{"title":"Contribution of Public Scientific and Technical Associations to Development of Mass Inventiveness in USSR from Mid-1950s to Mid-1960s","authors":"D. A. Pinaeva","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-414-434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-414-434","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the role of public scientific and technical associations in the implementation of the Soviet Union’s science and technology policy aimed at stimulating inventive activity and expediting the introduction of new technology into production. Considering mass invention and rationalization as a crucial resource for ensuring the country’s competitiveness, especially in industries not related to the defense-industrial complex, the state essentially fully administered the activities of scientific and technical societies. The evolution of the mass invention management system is demonstrated. Organizational and economic mechanisms aimed at stimulating innovative activity are analyzed, revealing the most effective and indemand practices. It is noted that public associations had high potential for solving scientific and technical tasks, possessing a large number of qualified personnel, an extensive network of primary organizations, and a centralized management apparatus. However, administrative pressure, the imposition of ideological directives not inherent to scientific and technical societies, the creation of numerous associations with duplicative functions, and the pursuit of increasing quantitative indicators constrained the possibilities of scientific and technical societies, ultimately leading to formalism in the work of public associations.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-435-451
A. G. Prazdnikov
The accession to power of Richard III in England in 1483 is one of the most contentious events during the Wars of the Roses. Typically, the focus is on the personality of the monarch himself. However, the usurpation involved many individuals from Richard’s circle, as well as other members of the political elite, including members of the Royal Council. The role that the Council played between April and July of 1483, the issues it addressed, and the decisions it made effectively position it as the governing body of England during the interregnum. Drawing on a wide array of sources, information was compiled about all members of the Council who were or could have been part of its composition at the beginning of the period under study (61 individuals). A biogram of each member is provided. Analysis revealed that a majority of Council members (37 individuals) supported Richard III’s usurpation. Only 7 members did not support Richard and were either executed or fled the country. The conclusion is drawn that the Council as a whole, and not merely its individual representatives, played a role in Richard III’s seizure of the throne.
{"title":"Royal Council of England in 1483 and Usurpation of Power by Richard III","authors":"A. G. Prazdnikov","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-435-451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-435-451","url":null,"abstract":"The accession to power of Richard III in England in 1483 is one of the most contentious events during the Wars of the Roses. Typically, the focus is on the personality of the monarch himself. However, the usurpation involved many individuals from Richard’s circle, as well as other members of the political elite, including members of the Royal Council. The role that the Council played between April and July of 1483, the issues it addressed, and the decisions it made effectively position it as the governing body of England during the interregnum. Drawing on a wide array of sources, information was compiled about all members of the Council who were or could have been part of its composition at the beginning of the period under study (61 individuals). A biogram of each member is provided. Analysis revealed that a majority of Council members (37 individuals) supported Richard III’s usurpation. Only 7 members did not support Richard and were either executed or fled the country. The conclusion is drawn that the Council as a whole, and not merely its individual representatives, played a role in Richard III’s seizure of the throne.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-344-359
V. V. Zapariy, V. V. Zapariy, N. N. Melnikov
This article is dedicated to the lesser-known aspects of Soviet policy regarding the compulsory seizure of industrial equipment in territories liberated by the Red Army from the fascist bloc states in 1944—1945. Based on an analysis of decrees by the State Defense Committee, the principles of interaction between representatives of industrial People’s Commissariats and military authorities in liberated territories are revealed, with the aim of dismantling and transporting the most promising industrial assets back to the USSR for the needs of restoring the country’s metallurgical complex. The paper provides examples of property disputes among leading economic entities — the industrial People's Commissariats of the USSR — over the right to dismantle industrial facilities for their own benefit. It also sheds light on the activities of Special Assembly Managements under the People’s Commissariat for Construction of the USSR and their authority in the process of seizing industrial assets in territories freed from German control in Eastern Europe. Using the case studies of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy enterprises located in territories of fascist bloc countries (Germany, Hungary) liberated by the Red Army, typical approaches to organizing the compulsory dismantling of their equipment are analyzed. The research conducted vividly demonstrates the significance of reparations seizures of industrial equipment in Eastern Europe for the modernization and recovery of the USSR’s metallurgical complex during 1944—1945.
{"title":"Reparations Withdrawals Of Metallurgical Equipment in Central and Eastern European Countries at Final Stage of Great Patriotic War (1944—1945)","authors":"V. V. Zapariy, V. V. Zapariy, N. N. Melnikov","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-344-359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-344-359","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to the lesser-known aspects of Soviet policy regarding the compulsory seizure of industrial equipment in territories liberated by the Red Army from the fascist bloc states in 1944—1945. Based on an analysis of decrees by the State Defense Committee, the principles of interaction between representatives of industrial People’s Commissariats and military authorities in liberated territories are revealed, with the aim of dismantling and transporting the most promising industrial assets back to the USSR for the needs of restoring the country’s metallurgical complex. The paper provides examples of property disputes among leading economic entities — the industrial People's Commissariats of the USSR — over the right to dismantle industrial facilities for their own benefit. It also sheds light on the activities of Special Assembly Managements under the People’s Commissariat for Construction of the USSR and their authority in the process of seizing industrial assets in territories freed from German control in Eastern Europe. Using the case studies of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy enterprises located in territories of fascist bloc countries (Germany, Hungary) liberated by the Red Army, typical approaches to organizing the compulsory dismantling of their equipment are analyzed. The research conducted vividly demonstrates the significance of reparations seizures of industrial equipment in Eastern Europe for the modernization and recovery of the USSR’s metallurgical complex during 1944—1945.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-211-228
K. A. Potashova
The article explores the mechanisms of poetic representation of celestial bodies, the celestial sphere, and extraordinary cosmic phenomena in Russian poetry at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries in the context of changing artistic paradigms (classicism and romanticism), poets’ worldview, and their artistic methods. It analyzes literary-critical articles from the 1820s-1840s and works by literary scholars from the second half of the 19th to the 21st centuries. The main research strategies for analyzing the cosmic imagery in Russian poetry of this period are identified. The existing methodology for interpreting the poetic works of G. R. Derzhavin and V. A. Zhukovsky, who were at the forefront of the leading artistic systems of the time, is evaluated in terms of understanding the image of the cosmic universe. It is determined that in literary criticism and scholarship, three main approaches have emerged in interpreting the image of the cosmic universe: interpretations of the astronomical universe as classical emblems, as typical elements of landscape in romantic aesthetics, and as ontologically charged images. It is proven that the study of cosmic motifs did not have a systematic character in relation to the literary process at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries.
{"title":"Cosmic Imagery in Russian Poetry at Turn of 18th and 19th Centuries: Strategies of Study","authors":"K. A. Potashova","doi":"10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-211-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-211-228","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the mechanisms of poetic representation of celestial bodies, the celestial sphere, and extraordinary cosmic phenomena in Russian poetry at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries in the context of changing artistic paradigms (classicism and romanticism), poets’ worldview, and their artistic methods. It analyzes literary-critical articles from the 1820s-1840s and works by literary scholars from the second half of the 19th to the 21st centuries. The main research strategies for analyzing the cosmic imagery in Russian poetry of this period are identified. The existing methodology for interpreting the poetic works of G. R. Derzhavin and V. A. Zhukovsky, who were at the forefront of the leading artistic systems of the time, is evaluated in terms of understanding the image of the cosmic universe. It is determined that in literary criticism and scholarship, three main approaches have emerged in interpreting the image of the cosmic universe: interpretations of the astronomical universe as classical emblems, as typical elements of landscape in romantic aesthetics, and as ontologically charged images. It is proven that the study of cosmic motifs did not have a systematic character in relation to the literary process at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries.","PeriodicalId":43602,"journal":{"name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-10-491-511
M. Tikhomirova, K. Tikhomirov
The article is dedicated to the history of the establishment of the villages of Malye Murly in the Tarsky District and Molodtsovo in the Muromtsevsky District of the Omsk Region, founded by Tatars during the period of mass migrations to Siberia. These villages no longer exist. The paper introduces documents from regional archives into scholarly discourse. Materials from the First All-Russian population census of 1897 have been analyzed to study the age, gender, and ethnic composition of the inhabitants. The article reconstructs the economic activities of the settlers. The authors conclude that the village of Malye Murly (also known as Novo-Murlinskaya) was established by Tatars from Ust-Tarskaya in the 1870s, while Molodtsovo (also known as Molodtsovsky settlement) was settled by residents of the Chipliarovski yurts prior to 1897. It is reported that both settlements lasted for about a century. Evidence suggests that the inhabitants of both settlements engaged little in agriculture; they had more developed livestock practices but lacked sufficient land resources, as the best lands were occupied by older settlements or belonged to the state. The authors conclude that in their formative stages, these settlements exhibit similar characteristics to another Tatar village, Mamshenkino in the Bolsherechensky District of Omsk Region, which was also founded during this period and whose residents eventually dispersed.
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