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Gender Equitable Attitudes Among Adolescents: A Validation Study and Associations with Sexual Health Behaviors 青少年性别公平态度的验证研究及其与性健康行为的关系
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-09-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00171-4
Amber L. Hill, Elizabeth Miller, Galen E. Switzer, Kaleab Z. Abebe, Judy C. Chang, Julie Pulerwitz, Lisa D. Brush, Ashley V. Hill

Gender inequitable attitudes are associated with violence perpetration and poor sexual health. There is limited diversity in U.S. samples used to validate gender attitudes measurements. This study assessed a 13-item gender equitable attitudes scale’s validity among a sample of predominantly Black adolescent boys (n = 866; mean age = 15.5, range = 13–19 years) and examined associations with sexual health behaviors. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses tested construct validity. Logistic mixed-effects models were used to explore associations between gender equitable attitudes, adolescent relationship abuse, pornography use, and condom use behaviors; linear mixed-effects models explored associations between gender equitable attitudes and condom negotiation self-efficacy. By pooling data from two other gender transformative programs, Sisterhood 2.0 (n = 246, 13–19-year-old females (mean age = 15.2), 73.6% Black/African American) and Coaching Boys into Men Middle School (n = 958, 11–14-year-old males–6th grade: 10.4%, 7th grade: 36.5%, 8th grade: 53.1–56.6% white), measurement invariance was assessed across Black (n = 400) and white (n = 298) race and male (n = 429) and female (n = 246) gender. A three-factor 11-item scale showed construct validity among a sample of Black adolescent boys, weak factorial invariance across Black and white race, and configural invariance across male and female gender. Gender equitable attitudes were associated with less adolescent relationship abuse, higher condom negotiation self-efficacy, and less pornography use. These findings demonstrate some variability in measurements of gender equitable attitudes by race and gender. Targeting harmful gender norms may help prevent adolescent relationship abuse and improve sexual health behaviors.

性别不平等态度与实施暴力和性健康状况不佳有关。用于验证性别态度测量的美国样本的多样性有限。这项研究评估了13项性别平等态度量表在以黑人为主的青春期男孩(n = 866;平均年龄 = 15.5,范围 = 13-19岁),并检查了与性健康行为的关系。探索性和验证性因素分析检验了结构的有效性。采用Logistic混合效应模型探讨性别平等态度、青少年关系虐待、色情制品使用和避孕套使用行为之间的关系;线性混合效应模型探讨了性别平等态度与安全套谈判自我效能之间的关系。通过汇集另外两个性别变革项目的数据,姐妹会2.0(n = 246,13-19岁女性(平均年龄 = 15.2),73.6%的黑人/非裔美国人)和辅导男孩进入男子中学(n = 958人,11-14岁男性,6年级:10.4%,7年级:36.5%,8年级:53.1-56.6%白人),测量不变性在黑人(n = 400)和白色(n = 298)种族和男性(n = 429)和女性(n = 246)性别。三因素11项量表显示,黑人青春期男孩样本的结构有效性,黑人和白人种族的弱析因不变性,以及男性和女性的结构不变性。性别平等态度与青少年关系虐待较少、安全套谈判自我效能感较高和色情制品使用较少有关。这些发现表明,在按种族和性别衡量性别平等态度方面存在一些差异。针对有害的性别规范可能有助于防止青少年关系虐待和改善性健康行为。
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引用次数: 4
Correlates of Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioids in Middle and High School Adolescents: A Scoping Review 处方阿片类药物在中学和高中青少年中的非药物使用相关性:范围界定综述
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00170-5
Katilya Ware, Lynn G. Brown, Mary Elizabeth O’Barr, Pao-Feng Tsai

Nonmedical use of prescription opioids is increasing in prevalence among adolescents in the United States. Previous research has examined demographic, social, psychosocial, and behavioral factors that influence nonmedical use of prescription opioids. This review aimed to identify and map characteristics of adolescents who engage in nonmedical use of prescription opioids. To do so, it uses the five domains of social determinants of health identified by Health People 2030: economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context. Databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2021, which resulted in 13 studies meeting study criteria. There was sufficient information to report conclusions relating to the domains of demographics, economic stability, and social and community context; but there was insufficient information relating education access and quality, healthcare access and quality, and neighborhood and built environment. The results revealed that decreased adolescent age, non-white race, higher family income, peer disapproval, and positive parental relationships reduce the likelihood of nonmedical use of prescription opioids. This review identifies potential interaction effects among demographic and social determinant factors.

处方阿片类药物的非药物使用在美国青少年中的流行率正在上升。先前的研究调查了影响处方阿片类药物非药物使用的人口统计学、社会学、心理社会和行为因素。这篇综述旨在识别和绘制非药物使用处方阿片类药物的青少年的特征。为此,它使用了《2030年健康人》确定的健康社会决定因素的五个领域:经济稳定、教育机会和质量、医疗保健机会和质量,社区和建筑环境,以及社会和社区背景。在数据库中搜索2014年至2021年间发表的同行评审文章,共有13项研究符合研究标准。有足够的信息报告与人口统计、经济稳定、社会和社区背景等领域有关的结论;但有关教育机会和质量、医疗保健机会和质量以及社区和建筑环境的信息不足。结果显示,青少年年龄的降低、非白人、家庭收入的增加、同伴的反对以及积极的父母关系降低了非药物使用处方阿片类药物的可能性。这篇综述确定了人口和社会决定因素之间潜在的相互作用影响。
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引用次数: 0
Body Image Problems in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Review of the Literature 1型糖尿病患者的身体形象问题:文献综述
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-08-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00169-y
Alda Troncone, Crescenzo Cascella, Antonietta Chianese, Angela Zanfardino, Anna Borriello, Dario Iafusco

Despite type 1 diabetes' (T1D) potential influence on adolescents' physical development, the occurrence of body image problems of adolescents with diabetes remains unclear. No research synthesis has yet addressed this issue. This study aims to systematically evaluate the empirical evidence concerning body image in individuals with T1D in order to provide an overview of the existing literature. Using PRISMA methodology, 51 relevant studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were found, the majority of them (N = 48) involving youth. The findings varied across studies: 17 studies indicated that in youth with T1D, body dissatisfaction was common and that body concerns were generally greater in youth with T1D than in controls; nine studies did not find any differences in body image problems between participants with and without T1D; three studies described higher body satisfaction in youth with diabetes than in controls; and three studies reported mixed results. Body concerns in individuals with T1D were often found to be associated with negative medical and psychological functioning. The variability and limits in assessment tools across studies, the overrepresentation of female subjects, and the fact that most research in this field is based on cross-sectional data are stressed in the interpretation of these mixed findings. Future research directions that could improve the understanding of body image concerns and clinical implications are discussed.

尽管1型糖尿病(T1D)对青少年身体发育有潜在影响,但糖尿病青少年身体形象问题的发生情况仍不清楚。目前还没有综合研究来解决这个问题。本研究旨在系统评价T1D患者身体形象的经验证据,以提供现有文献的综述。使用PRISMA方法,发现了51项符合资格标准的相关研究,其中大多数(N = 48)涉及青年。研究结果各不相同:17项研究表明,在T1D青年中,身体不满意是常见的,T1D青年的身体问题通常比对照组更严重;九项研究没有发现患有和不患有T1D的参与者在身体形象问题上有任何差异;三项研究表明,糖尿病青年的身体满意度高于对照组;三项研究报告的结果参差不齐。T1D患者的身体问题通常与负面的医疗和心理功能有关。在解释这些混杂的发现时,强调了研究中评估工具的可变性和局限性,女性受试者的比例过高,以及该领域的大多数研究都是基于横断面数据。讨论了未来的研究方向,可以提高对身体图像问题和临床意义的理解。
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引用次数: 2
Measuring Stressors Among Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review 1956–2020 测量儿童和青少年的压力源:1956–2020年范围界定综述
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00168-z
Fernando Núñez-Regueiro, Isabelle Archambault, Pascal Bressoux, Cécile Nurra

Children and adolescents are confronted with a variety of stressful experiences that may impact their developmental and learning processes. Yet, little is known about the way stressors actually are measured in research. To bridge this gap, this study conducted a scoping review of measures indexing child and adolescent stressors (N = 56). The results shed light on key fundamental dimensions that undergird the definition of stressors (space and time, quantification of stressfulness) and on the qualities of existing measures (content validity, composite reliability, convergent validity, and criterion validity), but also on their limitations for conducting quantitative research on youth stress processes (e.g., overreliance on long checklists or interviews, lack of demonstrated measurement invariance). Implications are drawn for the development of more integrative and efficient measures of stressors.

儿童和青少年面临着各种各样的压力经历,这些经历可能会影响他们的发展和学习过程。然而,人们对压力源在研究中的实际测量方式知之甚少。为了弥补这一差距,本研究对儿童和青少年压力源指数化指标进行了范围审查(N = 56)。研究结果揭示了支撑压力源定义的关键基本维度(空间和时间、压力程度的量化)以及现有测量的质量(内容有效性、复合可靠性、收敛有效性和标准有效性),但也取决于他们对青年压力过程进行定量研究的局限性(例如,过度依赖冗长的检查表或访谈,缺乏证明的测量不变性)。这对制定更综合、更有效的压力源测量方法具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 6
A Systematic Review and Lived-Experience Panel Analysis of Hopefulness in Youth Depression Treatment 青少年抑郁症治疗希望的系统评价和生活经验面板分析
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00167-0
Clio Berry, Joanne Hodgekins, Daniel Michelson, Laura Chapman, Olga Chelidoni, Lucie Crowter, Catarina Sacadura, David Fowler

Hopefulness is arguably of central importance to the recovery of youth with major or complex youth depression, yet it is unclear how hopefulness can best be enhanced in treatment. A narrative synthesis of published and grey literature was combined with new insights from a youth lived-experience panel (N = 15), focusing on to what extent and how specific psychological therapies and standard mental health care scaffold hopefulness as applied to depression among 14–25-year-olds. Thirty-one studies of variable quality were included in this review; thirteen were qualitative, thirteen quantitative, and five used mixed methods. Hopefulness is an important active ingredient of psychotherapies and standard mental health care in youth depression. Evidence suggests talking and activity therapies have moderate to large effects on hopefulness and that hopefulness can be enhanced in standard mental health care. However, varying intervention effects suggest a marked degree of uncertainty. Hopefulness is best scaffolded by a positive relational environment in which there is support for identifying and pursuing personally valued goals and engaging in meaningful activity.

Animated (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4690PdTGec) and graphical summaries (https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27024.84487) are available.

希望可以说对患有严重或复杂青年抑郁症的青年的康复至关重要,但目前尚不清楚如何在治疗中最好地增强希望。已出版和灰色文学的叙事综合与青年生活体验小组的新见解相结合(N = 15) ,重点关注特定的心理疗法和标准心理健康护理在多大程度上以及如何将希望应用于14-25岁的抑郁症。本综述包括31项关于可变质量的研究;其中13种为定性方法,13种为定量方法,5种为混合方法。希望是青少年抑郁症心理治疗师和标准心理健康护理的重要活性成分。有证据表明,谈话和活动疗法对希望有中等到较大的影响,并且在标准的心理健康护理中可以增强希望。然而,不同的干预效果表明存在明显的不确定性。希望最好建立在一个积极的关系环境中,在这个环境中,有人支持确定和追求个人价值的目标,并参与有意义的活动。动画(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4690PdTGec)和图形摘要(https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27024.84487)可用。
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引用次数: 2
James Garbarino: Miller’s Children: Why Giving Teenage Killers a Second Chance Matters for All of Us. Oakland, California: University of California Press, 2018, 199 Pages, ISBN: 9780520295681 詹姆斯·加巴里诺:《米勒的孩子们:为什么给青少年杀手第二次机会对我们所有人都很重要》。加利福尼亚州奥克兰:加州大学出版社,2018,199页,ISBN:9780520295681
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00166-1
Emily A. Plaskett
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引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research of the Experiences of Young People and their Caregivers Affected by Suicidality and Self-harm: Implications for Family-Based Treatment 青少年及其照顾者受自杀和自残影响的质性研究的系统回顾:对家庭治疗的启示
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00164-3
Di Simes, Ian Shochet, Kate Murray, Isobel G. Sands

Despite the greatest onset and increased frequency of suicidal or self-harm behavior occurring in adolescence, most youth affected do not receive professional care. Family-based intervention offers a promising treatment for this population, however, there is much to learn about the barriers and facilitators to effective care and the tailoring of treatment necessary to meet youth and family needs. Such insights can be sourced from a growing qualitative literature reporting the views of young people and their caregivers affected by suicidality and self-harm. This systematic review analyzes qualitative research to synthesize the perspectives of these youth and their caregivers about their needs for and experiences of professional help. Following a search of 4 databases, 35 studies were analyzed using Consensual Qualitative Research methods. Barriers to effective care were identified at individual, family, and systems levels. Young people and their caregivers experienced fractured relationships and overwhelming emotions that impeded engagement, increased young people’s distress and suicidality, and reduced parenting efficacy. Systemic barriers to care included insufficient, fragmented, and inaccessible services, and stigmatizing or dismissive responses from healthcare providers. In contrast, effective professional care was timely, non-judgmental, collaborative, and included separate and joint sessions for youth and caregivers to address their individual needs and foster relationship repair. This review’s findings support the value of family-based treatment that pro-actively addresses stigma and highlight the need for increased services that are structured to facilitate therapeutic engagement from crisis through recovery.

尽管青少年自杀或自残行为的发病率最高,频率也增加,但大多数受影响的青少年没有得到专业护理。基于家庭的干预为这一人群提供了一种很有前景的治疗,然而,关于有效护理的障碍和促进因素,以及满足青年和家庭需求所需的治疗方法,还有很多需要了解。这些见解可以来源于越来越多的定性文献,这些文献报道了受自杀和自残影响的年轻人及其照顾者的观点。这篇系统综述分析了定性研究,以综合这些青年及其照顾者对专业帮助需求和经验的看法。在搜索了4个数据库后,使用一致定性研究方法对35项研究进行了分析。在个人、家庭和系统层面确定了有效护理的障碍。年轻人及其照顾者经历了破裂的关系和压倒性的情绪,阻碍了参与,增加了年轻人的痛苦和自杀,降低了养育子女的效率。医疗保健的系统性障碍包括服务不足、分散和无法获得,以及医疗保健提供者的污名化或轻蔑反应。相比之下,有效的专业护理是及时的、非评判性的、协作性的,包括为青年和护理人员单独和联合举办会议,以满足他们的个人需求并促进关系修复。这篇综述的研究结果支持了以家庭为基础的治疗的价值,该治疗积极解决污名化问题,并强调需要增加服务,以促进从危机到康复的治疗参与。
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引用次数: 11
The Role of the Rural Context in the Transition to Adulthood: A Scoping Review 农村环境在向成年过渡中的作用:一项范围审查
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00161-6
Melissa Pearman Fenton, Larry F. Forthun, Saprina Aristild, Katherine B. Vasquez

Rural adolescents are transitioning to adulthood in the context of growing disparities. To advance research on the social, behavioral, and contextual factors that influence rural young adult development, this study conducted a scoping review. The review sought to identify how researchers defined rural and how/which theories guided their work; how they integrated the rural context into the research design and methods; and how they used variables, concepts, and outcomes to measure rural experiences. Included articles were published between January 2009 and November 2020, included young adults ages 18–29, measured adult role achievement and/or behavioral health outcomes and reported on these outcomes for young adults, and focused on a rural sample within the United States. A systematic search of four databases resulted in 25 empirical articles for the inductive, qualitative analysis. Most studies used atheoretical approaches focusing on outcomes related to adult social roles, substance use, and mental health. Five themes emerged focused on the definitions of rural, the level of integration into the research design and method, and variables salient to the rural experience. These results reveal that future research should clearly define the rural context and better integrate the rural context into the conceptualization, design, methods, and implications of the empirical research.

在贫富差距日益扩大的背景下,农村青少年正在向成年过渡。为了推进对影响农村青年发展的社会、行为和背景因素的研究,本研究进行了范围界定综述。这篇综述试图确定研究人员如何定义农村,以及哪些理论如何指导他们的工作;他们如何将农村背景融入研究设计和方法中;以及他们如何使用变量、概念和结果来衡量农村经历。收录的文章发表于2009年1月至2020年11月,收录了18-29岁的年轻人,测量了成年人的角色成就和/或行为健康结果,并报告了年轻人的这些结果,重点关注美国的农村样本。通过对四个数据库的系统搜索,得出了25篇实证文章,用于归纳、定性分析。大多数研究使用了数学方法,重点关注与成人社会角色、药物使用和心理健康相关的结果。出现了五个主题,重点是农村的定义、融入研究设计和方法的程度以及农村经验的显著变量。这些结果表明,未来的研究应该明确界定农村背景,并将农村背景更好地融入实证研究的概念化、设计、方法和含义中。
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引用次数: 2
Introduction to Special Issue: Diverse Disciplinary Approaches to the Study of Adolescent Religious and Spiritual Development 特刊导论:青少年宗教和精神发展研究的不同学科方法
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00165-2
Sam A. Hardy, Jenae M. Nelson

This editorial introduces the special issue on Diverse Disciplinary Approaches to the Study of Adolescent Religious and Spiritual Development. First, a case is made for the importance of the special issue, focusing on the utility of diverse approaches in providing a richer understanding of the phenomena of interest. Second, a summary is given of the six target pieces in the special issue. These target articles were written by scholars from six disciplines doing work relevant to adolescent religious and spiritual development: developmental psychology, sociology, cultural psychology, social and personality psychology, cognitive psychology, and developmental neuroscience. It is hoped that this special issue strengthens the quality of scholarship in this research area, encourages interdisciplinary work, and enriches our understanding of adolescent religious and spiritual development.

这篇社论介绍了《青少年宗教和精神发展研究的多样化学科方法》特刊。首先,对特刊的重要性进行了论证,重点是各种方法在更丰富地理解感兴趣的现象方面的效用。其次,对特刊的六篇目标文章进行了总结。这些目标文章由六个学科的学者撰写,他们从事与青少年宗教和精神发展相关的工作:发展心理学、社会学、文化心理学、社会和人格心理学、认知心理学和发展神经科学。希望这期特刊能提高这一研究领域的学术质量,鼓励跨学科工作,丰富我们对青少年宗教和精神发展的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Developmental Perspectives on Adolescent Religious and Spiritual Development 青少年宗教和精神发展的发展观点
IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Pub Date : 2021-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00159-0
Pamela Ebstyne King, Sam A. Hardy, Sean Noe

Despite the prevalence of religiousness and spirituality among adolescents, little is known about the psychology of adolescent religious and spiritual development. The purpose of this article is to explain how scholars within the discipline of developmental psychology have begun to approach the topic. Specifically, the article details how developmental theory advances understanding of religious and spiritual development and overviews developmental methods that enable rigorous examination of the structure and function of adolescent religious and spiritual development. A Relational Developmental Systems metatheoretical approach, emphasizing longitudinal methods, is utilized to highlight ideographic and nomothetic aspects of adolescent religiousness and spirituality. Examples of theoretically and methodologically cutting-edge developmental research provide illustration. In conclusion, the article shows that developmental psychology provides insight toward a comprehensive approach to the study of religious and spiritual development and broadens the perspectives of other disciplines, while relying on other disciplines to deepen developmentalists’ research.

尽管在青少年中普遍存在宗教信仰和灵性,但对青少年宗教和精神发展的心理知之甚少。这篇文章的目的是解释发展心理学领域的学者们是如何开始研究这个话题的。具体来说,这篇文章详细介绍了发展理论如何促进对宗教和精神发展的理解,并概述了能够严格检查青少年宗教和精神发展结构和功能的发展方法。关系发展系统的元理论方法,强调纵向方法,被用来强调青少年的宗教信仰和灵性的表意和象形方面。理论和方法的前沿发展研究的例子提供了说明。综上所述,发展心理学为研究宗教与精神发展提供了一种综合性的方法,拓宽了其他学科的视野,同时也依靠其他学科来深化发展主义者的研究。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Adolescent Research Review
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