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Family oriented intervention for families of adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A feasibility study 青少年注意缺陷多动障碍家庭干预的可行性研究
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2023-01-21 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12405
Ingibjorg M. Baldursdottir RN, M.Ed, PhD(s), Asta B. Petursdottir RN, PhD, Erla K. Svavarsdottir RN, PhD, FAAN

Purpose

Based on eight research criteria, this study examines the feasibility of a 5-week Family Strength-Oriented Therapeutic Conversation (FAM-SOTC) for caregivers of adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); this intervention aims to improve outcomes of both caregivers and adolescents.

Design and Methods

The FAM-SOTC intervention was implemented at an adolescent psychiatric outpatient unit with 10 caregivers of 10 adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. The feasibility criteria were addressed through survey responses, diary reports, and a one-group pre- and posttest quasi-experimental design.

Findings

The assessment of eight feasibility criteria showed promising results for the further evaluation of the intervention.

Practical Implications

This feasibility study has produced promising results, which represent a step toward a more extensive study, designed to evaluate a protocol that may offer educational and supportive programs for families of adolescents with ADHD, enhancing their self-management behavior. Further studies are warranted to test the FAM-SOTC intervention using a larger sample.

目的基于8项研究标准,探讨为期5周的以家庭力量为导向的治疗性谈话(FAM-SOTC)对诊断为注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的青少年照顾者的可行性;这项干预措施旨在改善照顾者和青少年的结果。设计与方法采用FAM-SOTC干预在一个青少年精神科门诊进行,10名护理人员对10名诊断为ADHD的青少年进行干预。可行性标准通过调查回答、日记报告和一组测试前和测试后准实验设计来解决。结果对8项可行性标准的评估为进一步评估干预措施提供了有希望的结果。这项可行性研究已经产生了有希望的结果,这代表着朝着更广泛的研究迈出了一步,旨在评估一项协议,该协议可能为患有ADHD的青少年家庭提供教育和支持计划,增强他们的自我管理行为。进一步的研究需要使用更大的样本来测试FAM-SOTC干预。
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引用次数: 0
Sociodemographic factors associated with weight perception of adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis 与青少年体重感知相关的社会人口因素:一项系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12406
Kaihan Yang PhD, RN, Anqi Zhao BSN, RN, Yujie Xie BSN, RN, Zhanyi Xu BSN, RN, Yubinxin Peng BSN, RN, Haiyang Tang BSM

Purpose

To systematically assess the main sociodemographic factors associated with weight perception of adolescents.

Methodology

All studies related to adolescents’ weight perception were retrieved from seven databases from January 2001 to July 2022. A total of 13 Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords were used to identify qualified studies, and reference lists included in the retrieved studies were manually searched to identify potentially relevant publications. Two evaluators independently assessed the eligibility and extracted data of each study. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) risk of bias evaluation tool was used to evaluate the quality and bias risk of included studies. RevMan (version: 5.3) software was used to conduct heterogeneity test and meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 12 studies, published between 2003 and 2020, were selected and included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, consisting of 325,367 adolescents from five countries. The risk of bias evaluation indicated that risk of bias was low in five studies and moderate in seven studies. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were no differences in the weight perception accuracy among adolescents under different gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88–1.15, p = 0.940), place of residence (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.83–1.16, p = 0.800), grade (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.68–4.42, p = 0.250), and family economic level (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86–1.02, p = 0.140). Egger's linear regression showed that there was no significant publication bias in the primary analysis.

Conclusions

The current analysis indicates that gender, place of residence, grade, and family economic level were not identified as influencing factors for adolescents' weight perception accuracy. Due to the limitations of the review and included studies, more robust trials are warranted in different social and economic environments to confirm our findings.

目的系统评价影响青少年体重认知的主要社会人口学因素。方法从2001年1月至2022年7月的7个数据库中检索所有与青少年体重感知相关的研究。共使用13个医学主题标题(MeSH)和关键词来确定符合条件的研究,并手动检索检索到的研究中包含的参考文献列表,以确定可能相关的出版物。两名评估员独立评估每项研究的合格性并提取数据。采用AHRQ偏倚风险评价工具评价纳入研究的质量和偏倚风险。采用RevMan (version: 5.3)软件进行异质性检验和meta分析。结果共选择了2003年至2020年间发表的12项研究,并将其纳入系统评价和荟萃分析,其中包括来自五个国家的325,367名青少年。偏倚风险评价显示,5项研究偏倚风险为低,7项研究偏倚风险为中等。meta分析结果显示,不同性别(比值比[OR] = 1.00, 95%可信区间[CI]: 0.88 ~ 1.15, p = 0.940)、居住地(OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.83 ~ 1.16, p = 0.800)、年级(OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.68 ~ 4.42, p = 0.250)、家庭经济水平(OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86 ~ 1.02, p = 0.140)的青少年体重知觉正确率无差异。Egger's线性回归分析显示,初步分析不存在显著的发表偏倚。结论目前的分析表明,性别、居住地、年级和家庭经济水平并不是青少年体重感知准确性的影响因素。由于综述和纳入研究的局限性,需要在不同的社会和经济环境中进行更有力的试验来证实我们的发现。
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引用次数: 0
Child mental health issues to watch in 2023 2023年需要关注的儿童心理健康问题
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12407
Kathleen Delaney
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引用次数: 0
Children and adolescents' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of their experiences COVID-19大流行期间儿童和青少年的心理健康:对其经历的定性研究
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12404
Marjorie Montreuil RN, PhD, Lauranne Gendron-Cloutier BA, Emilie Laberge-Perrault MSc, Geneviève Piché PhD, Ps.éd., Christine Genest RN, PhD, Jessica Rassy Inf., PhD, Catherine Malboeuf-Hurtubise PhD, Elsa Gilbert PhD, Aline Bogossian SW, M.Sw, PhD, Chantal Camden Pht, PhD, Trinity Mastine BA, Geneveave Barbo RN, MN, MClSc

Topic

Public health measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted children and adolescents' (C&A) lives, affecting their sense of structure, predictability, and security.

Purpose

To examine C&A' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic to better understand how this context and its associated public health measures affected them and their mental health, and to identify helpful coping strategies.

Sources used

The study was guided by a participatory hermeneutic framework. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 25 C&A aged 6–17 years during the first and second pandemic waves. Participants' interviews were analyzed following a narrative synthesis approach, through which C&A' experiences were contrasted and contextualized to highlight relevant themes.

Conclusions

Participants described a distinct pattern related to their mental health as the pandemic unfolded, which followed the severity of the pandemic in the province. Negative repercussions on their mental health were linked to the loss of social activities, imposed public health measures, transition to online learning, and challenges with family relationships. Certain youth shared positive societal and moral reflections triggered by the pandemic context. Coping strategies reported include: having a variety of hobbies; expressing their emotions; and accessing financial and material resources.

This study highlights the importance of supporting C&A' mental health during crisis situations such as a pandemic. Their perspectives are vital for clinical practice and policy improvement, particularly to find means for social engagement while maintaining safety.

为应对COVID-19大流行而实施的公共卫生措施严重扰乱了儿童和青少年的生活,影响了他们的结构感、可预测性和安全感。目的研究美国在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的经历,以更好地了解这一背景及其相关的公共卫生措施如何影响他们及其心理健康,并确定有益的应对策略。本研究以参与式解释学框架为指导。在第一波和第二波大流行期间,对25名6-17岁的儿童进行了半结构化访谈。参与者的访谈是按照叙事综合方法进行分析的,通过这种方法,对C& a的经历进行对比和背景化,以突出相关主题。随着大流行的展开,参与者描述了一种与他们的心理健康相关的独特模式,这种模式紧随该省大流行的严重程度。对他们心理健康的负面影响与社交活动的减少、强制性的公共卫生措施、向在线学习的过渡以及家庭关系的挑战有关。某些青年分享了疫情背景下引发的积极的社会和道德思考。报告的应对策略包括:拥有各种各样的爱好;表达他们的情感;获取财政和物质资源。这项研究强调了在流行病等危机情况下支持儿童心理健康的重要性。他们的观点对于临床实践和政策改进至关重要,特别是对于寻找在保持安全的同时进行社会参与的方法。
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引用次数: 3
Street and drug use experiences among sheltered children and adolescents in the Federal District of Brazil 巴西联邦区受庇护儿童和青少年的街头和吸毒经历
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12403
Nadja Maryelly de Oliveira Gomes, Eloisa Dutra Caldas

Problem

The use of drugs by street children and adolescents is a problem found in most large cities around the world.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of street children and adolescents living in shelters in the Federal District, Brazil. An objective questionnaire was applied to 84 individuals from September 2016 to October 2017; 14 of them participated in the qualitative study.

Findings

Most participants were adolescents (84.5%) and males (64.3%), with a history of abandonment, domestic violence, and family drug abuse. All spent some time on the street; boys had a higher chance of being behind the school level and using drugs than girls. Over 60% had used drugs in the previous year, mainly alcohol and marijuana. Over 70% understand the health consequences of this behavior, but most have never tried or failed to stop. About 40% consider themselves dependent on drugs.

Conclusions

The results showed that street-life experience, peer pressure, and exposure to drugs within the family had an important impact on respondent's drug use behavior, reinforcing the importance of education programs that focus on the family.

街头儿童和青少年吸毒是世界上大多数大城市都存在的一个问题。方法对巴西联邦区收容所里的街头儿童和青少年进行横断面研究。2016年9月至2017年10月对84名个体进行客观问卷调查;其中14人参与了定性研究。结果大多数参与者为青少年(84.5%)和男性(64.3%),有遗弃史、家庭暴力史和家庭药物滥用史。他们都在街上呆过一段时间;男孩比女孩有更高的机会落后于学校水平和吸毒。超过60%的人在前一年使用过毒品,主要是酒精和大麻。超过70%的人了解这种行为对健康的影响,但大多数人从未尝试过或未能停止。大约40%的人认为自己依赖毒品。结论街头生活经历、同辈压力和家庭内接触毒品对被调查者的吸毒行为有重要影响,强调了以家庭为重点的教育项目的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
The association between nonpharmacological interventions and quality of life in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review 非药物干预与注意缺陷多动障碍儿童生活质量的关系:一项系统综述
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12402
Marie-Louise Jensen MSc, Marianne Vamosi phD

Background

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a common psychiatric disorder with a worldwide prevalence of about five percent among children and adolescents. This disorder affects most aspects of their lives e.g., academic performance and social relations, and their overall quality of life is reduced compared to healthy peers. The majority of children with ADHD are treated with medication that potentially has an insufficient effect and/or frequently occurring side effects.

Objectives

To enable nurses and other health care professionals to guide children with ADHD and their families in their choices of treatment, based on the best available literature on the association between nonpharmacological interventions and quality of life.

Data Sources

A literature search was performed in the databases CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Seven randomized controlled trials were included in this systematic review. They examined the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids, physical activity, psychoeducation, cognitive therapy, cognitive training, hippotherapy, and behavioral therapy.

Conclusions

The study of behavioral therapy in the form of a sleep intervention detected an improvement in quality of life which was statistically significant compared to the control group.

Implications for Practice

Children with ADHD and a sleep disorder may gain improvement in their quality of life from a sleep intervention.

注意缺陷多动障碍是一种常见的精神疾病,在世界范围内儿童和青少年中患病率约为5%。这种障碍影响了他们生活的大部分方面,如学习成绩和社会关系,与健康的同龄人相比,他们的整体生活质量下降。大多数患有多动症的儿童接受的药物治疗可能效果不足,而且/或经常出现副作用。目的使护士和其他卫生保健专业人员能够根据非药物干预与生活质量之间关系的最佳文献,指导ADHD儿童及其家庭选择治疗方法。在CENTRAL、Embase、PubMed、CINAHL和PsycINFO数据库中进行文献检索。本系统评价纳入了7项随机对照试验。他们调查了多不饱和脂肪酸、体育活动、心理教育、认知疗法、认知训练、海马疗法和行为疗法的使用情况。结论以睡眠干预形式进行行为治疗的研究发现,与对照组相比,生活质量有统计学意义的改善。患有多动症和睡眠障碍的儿童可能会从睡眠干预中获得生活质量的改善。
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引用次数: 0
Factors related to self-reported smartphone addiction among Brazilian adolescents in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-method study 面对COVID-19大流行,巴西青少年自我报告的智能手机成瘾相关因素:一项混合方法研究
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-11-12 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12401
Bruna H. B. M. de Freitas PhD, Maria Aparecida M. Gaíva PhD, Paula M. J. Diogo PhD, Juliano Bortolini PhD

Problem

(1) To identify the factors associated with self-reported smartphone addiction (SRSA) among adolescents in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic; and (2) to analyze the adolescents' perception of these factors related to SRSA.

Methods

A mixed-method study with a sequential explanatory design, carried out with Brazilian adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years old.

Findings

The prevalence of SRSA was 56.37%, and the variables that remained in the final model of association were as follows: public schools; longer smartphone use during the COVID-19 pandemic; number of hours connected to the smartphone; preference for sleeping during the day; use of the device immediately after waking up, smartphone use after 9 p.m., amount of sleep less than 8 h a day; and smartphone use during meals. Sequentially, after analyzing the data obtained in the focus groups, it was possible to describe how adolescents perceive the intensification of smartphone uses, its repercussions, and activities carried out on it during the pandemic.

Conclusions

The pandemic had repercussions on the behavior established with the smartphone, such as time and period of use, being associated with the SRSA. In addition, it was found that such conditions also affect the adolescents' sleep quality, diet, and studies.

问题(1)在2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行背景下,确定青少年智能手机自我报告成瘾(SRSA)的相关因素;(2)分析青少年对SRSA相关因素的认知。方法采用顺序解释设计的混合方法研究,研究对象为15 ~ 18岁的巴西青少年。调查结果:小学生SRSA患病率为56.37%,存在于最终关联模型中的变量为:公立学校;在COVID-19大流行期间,智能手机的使用时间更长;使用智能手机的小时数;白天喜欢睡觉;起床后立即使用电子设备,晚上9点后使用智能手机。每天睡眠时间少于8小时;吃饭时使用智能手机。随后,在分析了焦点小组获得的数据后,可以描述青少年如何看待智能手机使用的加剧、其影响以及在大流行期间开展的相关活动。结论:流感大流行对使用智能手机的行为产生了影响,例如使用时间和时间段与SRSA有关。此外,研究还发现,这些情况也会影响青少年的睡眠质量、饮食和学习。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of aggression management training (AMT) on self-esteem, impulsivity, and aggressive behavior among adolescents residing in delinquent homes—A feasibility study from east India 攻击管理训练对不良家庭青少年自尊、冲动和攻击行为的影响——一项来自东印度的可行性研究
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12400
P. Srinivasan MSc (N), Sreevani Rentala PhD (N), Pragya Kumar MD, MMed

Purpose

This feasibility study examined the aggression management training (AMT) interventions on self-esteem, impulsivity, and aggressive behavior among adolescents residing in delinquent or observation homes.

Methods

A quantitative research approach with the quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group (comparison) pretest and Posttest design was adopted. A total of 32 male adolescents (16 each in experimental and comparison groups) residing in two different observation homes in the state of Bihar, India were selected by convenience sampling technique. The study evaluated the following outcome measures: self-esteem, impulsivity, and aggressive behavior for both groups at baseline and 1 month. AMT was administered to the experimental group bi-weekly for 4 weeks covering four components in 8 sessions.

Results

We analysed the data with independent and paired t-tests for between and within the group differences, and Pearson correlation for a relationship. AMT intervention improved self-esteem and reduced aggressive behavior and impulsivity among adolescents residing in delinquent homes. A correlation was found between aggression and impulsivity, and between self-esteem and impulsivity.

Psychiatric nursing Implications

The study had provided initial evidence for practice that can help psychiatric nurses significantly implement these types of interventions among significant, vulnerable, and ignored groups of adolescents detained in observation homes to prevent the occurrence of repeat offenses.

目的本可行性研究考察了侵犯管理训练(AMT)对居住在犯罪家庭或观察家庭的青少年自尊、冲动和攻击行为的干预。方法采用准实验非等效对照组(比较)前测和后测设计的定量研究方法。通过方便抽样技术,共选择了居住在印度比哈尔邦两个不同观察院的32名男性青少年(实验组和对照组各16名)。该研究评估了以下结果指标:基线和1个月时两组的自尊、冲动和攻击行为。实验组每两周给药一次,为期4周,共8次,共4个成分。结果我们用独立和配对t检验分析了组间和组内差异的数据,并用Pearson相关分析了一种关系。AMT干预改善了居住在犯罪家庭的青少年的自尊,减少了他们的攻击行为和冲动。研究发现,攻击性和冲动性以及自尊和冲动性之间存在相关性。精神病护理的影响该研究为实践提供了初步证据,可以帮助精神病护士在被拘留在观察院的重要、脆弱和被忽视的青少年群体中显著实施这些类型的干预措施,以防止再次犯罪的发生。
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引用次数: 0
Family lifestyle is related to low-income preschoolers' emotional well-being during COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19大流行期间,家庭生活方式与低收入学龄前儿童的情绪健康有关
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-11-06 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12399
Jiying Ling PhD, MS, RN, FAAN, Tsui-Sui Annie Kao PhD, FNP-BC, FAANP, Lorraine B. Robbins PhD, RN, FNP-BC, FAAN, Charis Lauren Wahman PhD

Problem

COVID-19 has profoundly impacted children's behavioral and psychosocial development, especially young children from low-income families. This study examined how caregivers' and preschoolers' lifestyle behaviors (sleep, screen time, physical activity, eating behavior) were related to preschoolers' emotional well-being (sadness, fear, anger, and positive affect).

Methods

Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited low-income caregivers from Head Start organizations and the Qualtrics panel. Participants provided consent and completed an online survey.

Findings

A total of 408 caregivers (mean age = 31) participated: 17% Hispanic, 21% Black, 49% separated/single, 44% unemployed, and 39% with ≤high school education. After adjusting for demographics and preschoolers' lifestyle behaviors, caregivers' sleep disturbance was positively correlated with preschoolers' anger, fear, and sadness, while negatively related to positive affect. Similarly, caregivers' sleep time was positively correlated with preschoolers' sadness and negatively related to positive affect. Preschoolers' sleep time was negatively related to fear and positively related to positive affect. Likewise, preschoolers' physical activity was negatively correlated with fear, sadness, and positively correlated with positive affect. Additionally, preschoolers' fruit/vegetable intake was negatively associated with anger, fear, sadness, and positively associated with positive affect.

Conclusions

The identified behavior-emotion connection provides a foundation for developing family-based lifestyle interventions in promoting mental health among preschoolers.

COVID-19严重影响了儿童的行为和心理社会发展,特别是低收入家庭的幼儿。这项研究调查了照顾者和学龄前儿童的生活方式行为(睡眠、屏幕时间、身体活动、饮食行为)与学龄前儿童的情绪健康(悲伤、恐惧、愤怒和积极影响)之间的关系。方法采用横断面设计,我们招募了来自启智组织和质量小组的低收入护理人员。参与者提供同意并完成在线调查。共有408名护理人员(平均年龄为31岁)参与:17%为西班牙裔,21%为黑人,49%分居/单身,44%失业,39%学历≤高中。在调整了人口统计学和学龄前儿童的生活方式行为后,照顾者的睡眠障碍与学龄前儿童的愤怒、恐惧和悲伤呈正相关,与积极情绪负相关。同样,照顾者的睡眠时间与学龄前儿童的悲伤情绪呈正相关,与积极情绪负相关。学龄前儿童睡眠时间与恐惧负相关,与积极情绪正相关。同样,学龄前儿童的体育活动与恐惧、悲伤呈负相关,与积极情绪呈正相关。此外,学龄前儿童的水果/蔬菜摄入量与愤怒、恐惧、悲伤呈负相关,与积极情绪呈正相关。结论行为-情绪联系为制定以家庭为基础的生活方式干预措施促进学龄前儿童心理健康提供了基础。
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引用次数: 3
Childhood grief: Elevating awareness of prevalence and the need for requisite support 童年悲伤:提高对患病率和必要支持需求的认识
IF 1.5 Q2 NURSING Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12398
Kathleen Delaney
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing
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