Laureen H. Smith PhD, RN, Marliese D. Nist PhD, RN, Christine A. Fortney PhD, RN, Barbara Warren PhD, RN, Tondi Harrison PhD, RN, Shannon Gillespie PhD, RN, Kayla Herbell PhD, RN, Lisa Militello PhD, RN, Cindy M. Anderson PhD, RN, Sharon Tucker PhD, RN, Jodi Ford PhD, RN, Mei-Wei Chang PhD, RN, Christine Sayre DNP, RN, Rita Pickler PhD, RN, FAAN
Topic
Early-life experiences, the transmission of health and disease within families, and the influence of cumulative risks as well as protective factors throughout life shape the trajectory of health, including mental health. Long-term health trajectories established early in life are influenced by biologic, social, and environmental factors. Negative trajectories may be more salient if exposures to adversity occur during critical developmental periods.
Purpose
The purpose of this brief is to (a) review pediatric health disparities related to depression and the intergenerational transmission of pediatric depression using a Life Course Health Development (LCHD) model and (b) provide recommendations for pediatric mental health research.
Sources
Peer-reviewed papers available for PubMed, CINAL, and Medline. Other sources include published books, papers, and gray materials.
Conclusions
The LCHD model is a perspective to guide and foster new scientific inquiry about the development of mental health outcomes over the life course. The model enables synthesis of mental health, nursing, and public health, linking mental health prevention, risk reduction, and treatment in children.
{"title":"Using the life course health development model to address pediatric mental health disparities","authors":"Laureen H. Smith PhD, RN, Marliese D. Nist PhD, RN, Christine A. Fortney PhD, RN, Barbara Warren PhD, RN, Tondi Harrison PhD, RN, Shannon Gillespie PhD, RN, Kayla Herbell PhD, RN, Lisa Militello PhD, RN, Cindy M. Anderson PhD, RN, Sharon Tucker PhD, RN, Jodi Ford PhD, RN, Mei-Wei Chang PhD, RN, Christine Sayre DNP, RN, Rita Pickler PhD, RN, FAAN","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12452","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Topic</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early-life experiences, the transmission of health and disease within families, and the influence of cumulative risks as well as protective factors throughout life shape the trajectory of health, including mental health. Long-term health trajectories established early in life are influenced by biologic, social, and environmental factors. Negative trajectories may be more salient if exposures to adversity occur during critical developmental periods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this brief is to (a) review pediatric health disparities related to depression and the intergenerational transmission of pediatric depression using a Life Course Health Development (LCHD) model and (b) provide recommendations for pediatric mental health research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Sources</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peer-reviewed papers available for PubMed, CINAL, and Medline. Other sources include published books, papers, and gray materials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The LCHD model is a perspective to guide and foster new scientific inquiry about the development of mental health outcomes over the life course. The model enables synthesis of mental health, nursing, and public health, linking mental health prevention, risk reduction, and treatment in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcap.12452","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maha M. Albdour PhD, APHN-BC, RN, Elizabeth S. Jenuwine PhD, MLIS, Jun Sung Hong PhD
Problem
Existing bullying research among Arab Americans is limited, focusing mainly on school-age adolescents and victimization. There is a lack of studies that examine retrospective bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, and physical fights during high school and their effect on current Arab American college students' stress and health outcomes. This study examines if bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, and physical fights during high school predict current stress and the physical and mental health of Arab American college students. In addition, we examined if perceived psychological stress mediates the relationships between bullying and fighting involvement and health.
Methods
One hundred and sixty-two undergraduate Arab American college students were recruited from a Midwestern university and completed self-report measures of bullying, stress, and health (both physical and mental).
Findings
Controlling for demographic variables, only high school victimization was significantly associated with current stress and physical and mental health. Stress fully mediated the relationship between victimization and health (both physical and mental).
Conclusions
Victimization during high school years may result in serious physical and mental health consequences during college years. However, perpetration and fighting may not have similar effects. Addressing stress among bullying victims may reduce the negative impact of this experience on immigrant Arab American college students. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
{"title":"Consequences of high school bullying on stress and health of Arab American college students","authors":"Maha M. Albdour PhD, APHN-BC, RN, Elizabeth S. Jenuwine PhD, MLIS, Jun Sung Hong PhD","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12453","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Existing bullying research among Arab Americans is limited, focusing mainly on school-age adolescents and victimization. There is a lack of studies that examine retrospective bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, and physical fights during high school and their effect on current Arab American college students' stress and health outcomes. This study examines if bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, and physical fights during high school predict current stress and the physical and mental health of Arab American college students. In addition, we examined if perceived psychological stress mediates the relationships between bullying and fighting involvement and health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and sixty-two undergraduate Arab American college students were recruited from a Midwestern university and completed self-report measures of bullying, stress, and health (both physical and mental).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Controlling for demographic variables, only high school victimization was significantly associated with current stress and physical and mental health. Stress fully mediated the relationship between victimization and health (both physical and mental).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Victimization during high school years may result in serious physical and mental health consequences during college years. However, perpetration and fighting may not have similar effects. Addressing stress among bullying victims may reduce the negative impact of this experience on immigrant Arab American college students. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evidence-based treatments used in managing behaviors of children require caregiver engagement. However, there is a gap in understanding a caregiver's level of comprehension of how they can advocate for their children's mental health needs and how to help their children in the home once outpatient treatment is initiated.
Methods
This was a qualitative study using interviews with semi-structured research questions. Recruitment was through convenience sampling at a private practice mental health agency. Nine participants were interviewed. A thematic analysis was completed posttranscription and coding.
Results
Four themes emerged that captured the lived experience of the caregivers as they sought to facilitate care for the child/adolescent: Feeling lost (powerless navigating the mental health care system); Feeling a loss of control (Lack of Return Communication and Lack of Available Providers); Feeling frustrated (insurance and/or cost barriers); and Feeling powerless to help (their child at home and not included in treatment).
Relevance
This study addresses the gaps in the current health care system. Through examining the caregiver's sense of power in their role in mental health care for their children, interventions may be developed to encourage more active involvement in treatment outcomes and more involvement in interventions for the home setting. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of giving insight to providers on how to help families navigate mental health care, communicate more, and include the patient and caregiver in the development of comprehensive treatment plans.
{"title":"Predictors and barriers to engagement in caring for children with a mental health diagnosis: A qualitative study of caregivers perception of power","authors":"Valerie Seney","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12454","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence-based treatments used in managing behaviors of children require caregiver engagement. However, there is a gap in understanding a caregiver's level of comprehension of how they can advocate for their children's mental health needs and how to help their children in the home once outpatient treatment is initiated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a qualitative study using interviews with semi-structured research questions. Recruitment was through convenience sampling at a private practice mental health agency. Nine participants were interviewed. A thematic analysis was completed posttranscription and coding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four themes emerged that captured the lived experience of the caregivers as they sought to facilitate care for the child/adolescent: Feeling lost (powerless navigating the mental health care system); Feeling a loss of control (Lack of Return Communication and Lack of Available Providers); Feeling frustrated (insurance and/or cost barriers); and Feeling powerless to help (their child at home and not included in treatment).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Relevance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study addresses the gaps in the current health care system. Through examining the caregiver's sense of power in their role in mental health care for their children, interventions may be developed to encourage more active involvement in treatment outcomes and more involvement in interventions for the home setting. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of giving insight to providers on how to help families navigate mental health care, communicate more, and include the patient and caregiver in the development of comprehensive treatment plans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to examine the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health status of adolescents exposed to the worst disaster of the century.
Methods
This study was descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational. This research was conducted between March 31 and July 1, 2023. The study was conducted with earthquake survivors who migrated from Kahramanmaraş, the epicenter of the earthquake, and Adıyaman and Hatay, the other two cities where it was most effective, to Şanlıurfa. The study was conducted with a total of 947 adolescents. “Personal Information Form,” “Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index,” and “Symptom Distress Check List- (SCL-90)” were used to collect data. Linear regression method was used in the analysis of the research. Path analysis was performed using PATH analysis.
Findings
The mean age of the adolescents participating in the study was 16.69 ± 1.41 years. It was found that the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the adolescents was at the pathological level with a mean of 2.36 ± 0.68. Posttraumatic stress reactions of the adolescents who experienced the earthquake was found to explain 97.2% of their mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, anger-hostility, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotic symptoms, other problems, and GSI) (p < 0.001). It was found that the age of the adolescents, total number of losses in the earthquake, the time they stayed under the rubble, the time they waited for siblings to be pulled from under the rubble and the state of having loss due to the earthquake explained 74.4% of the posttraumatic stress reactions (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
As a conclusion, it was found that the adolescents who experienced the earthquake experienced severe posttraumatic stress symptoms. It was also found that adolescents who experienced high levels of trauma symptoms showed pathological mental symptoms. After the earthquake, adolescents should be evaluated periodically in terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms. In the evaluations to be made, it is important to determine how adolescents are affected especially mentally. In this context, interventions should be implemented for the identified mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, etc.).
{"title":"The association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health of adolescents who exposed to the worst disaster of the century: Extensive data from southeast Turkey","authors":"Mehmet Emin Düken, Veysel Kaplan, Joseph Almazan","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12449","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problems</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted to examine the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health status of adolescents exposed to the worst disaster of the century.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational. This research was conducted between March 31 and July 1, 2023. The study was conducted with earthquake survivors who migrated from Kahramanmaraş, the epicenter of the earthquake, and Adıyaman and Hatay, the other two cities where it was most effective, to Şanlıurfa. The study was conducted with a total of 947 adolescents. “Personal Information Form,” “Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index,” and “Symptom Distress Check List- (SCL-90)” were used to collect data. Linear regression method was used in the analysis of the research. Path analysis was performed using PATH analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the adolescents participating in the study was 16.69 ± 1.41 years. It was found that the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the adolescents was at the pathological level with a mean of 2.36 ± 0.68. Posttraumatic stress reactions of the adolescents who experienced the earthquake was found to explain 97.2% of their mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, anger-hostility, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotic symptoms, other problems, and GSI) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). It was found that the age of the adolescents, total number of losses in the earthquake, the time they stayed under the rubble, the time they waited for siblings to be pulled from under the rubble and the state of having loss due to the earthquake explained 74.4% of the posttraumatic stress reactions (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a conclusion, it was found that the adolescents who experienced the earthquake experienced severe posttraumatic stress symptoms. It was also found that adolescents who experienced high levels of trauma symptoms showed pathological mental symptoms. After the earthquake, adolescents should be evaluated periodically in terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms. In the evaluations to be made, it is important to determine how adolescents are affected especially mentally. In this context, interventions should be implemented for the identified mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, etc.).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139488488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heni D. Windarwati, Retno Lestari, Ridhoyanti Hidayah, Haliza Hasan, Niken A. L. Ati, Mira W. Kusumawati, Irhamna N. Selena, Bergita Dumar, Gemi Rahayu
Problems
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to have a notably poorer quality of life than the general population, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the association between institutional support and family support on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2022 in a School for Special Needs in Malang City, East Java Province, Indonesia. The pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) and Institutional and Family Support questionnaire were used to measure the HRQoL and support perceived by parents of children with ASD. We analyzed each component of the PedsQL and the Institutional and Family Support questionnaire. The independent T-test was performed to analyze the association between HRQoL and perceived support by parents of children with ASD.
Findings
The results showed that most participants (72.7%) were women aged 40. As many as 69.39% of participants had more than one child, and 16.33% declared they had other children who experienced the same problem (special needs children). This study indicated that the average health-related quality of life score in children with ASD was 57.41 (9.418). The finding of this study showed a significant mean difference in HRQoL scores in children with ASD who received high institutional and family support compared to those who had low (p = 0.028, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −11.071 to 0.664).
Conclusion
Institutional support positively impacts children with ASD's quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to improve the adequacy of support felt by families while caring for children with ASD.
{"title":"Institutional and family support impact on health-related quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Heni D. Windarwati, Retno Lestari, Ridhoyanti Hidayah, Haliza Hasan, Niken A. L. Ati, Mira W. Kusumawati, Irhamna N. Selena, Bergita Dumar, Gemi Rahayu","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12450","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problems</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to have a notably poorer quality of life than the general population, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the association between institutional support and family support on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2022 in a School for Special Needs in Malang City, East Java Province, Indonesia. The pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) and Institutional and Family Support questionnaire were used to measure the HRQoL and support perceived by parents of children with ASD. We analyzed each component of the PedsQL and the Institutional and Family Support questionnaire. The independent <i>T</i>-test was performed to analyze the association between HRQoL and perceived support by parents of children with ASD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that most participants (72.7%) were women aged 40. As many as 69.39% of participants had more than one child, and 16.33% declared they had other children who experienced the same problem (special needs children). This study indicated that the average health-related quality of life score in children with ASD was 57.41 (9.418). The finding of this study showed a significant mean difference in HRQoL scores in children with ASD who received high institutional and family support compared to those who had low (<i>p</i> = 0.028, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −11.071 to 0.664).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Institutional support positively impacts children with ASD's quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to improve the adequacy of support felt by families while caring for children with ASD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139474025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathleen R. Delaney PhD, PMH-NP, FAAN, Brenda Happell PhD, Med, Bed, Dip Ed, BA (Hons), RN, Cert Psych Nurs., FACMHN
{"title":"JCAPN editor transition: The next era begins","authors":"Kathleen R. Delaney PhD, PMH-NP, FAAN, Brenda Happell PhD, Med, Bed, Dip Ed, BA (Hons), RN, Cert Psych Nurs., FACMHN","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139474026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nagwan R. Zahry PhD, Jiying Ling PhD, MS, RN, FAAN, Lorraine B. Robbins PhD, RN, FNP-BC, FAAN
Problem
Families living in poverty may be particularly vulnerable to the deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The current study focuses on caregivers of preschoolers aged 3–5 years old who lived in poverty to explore how COVID-19 affected mental health and lifestyle behaviors and what coping strategies were helpful for dealing with challenges induced by COVID-19.
Methods
A qualitative study was conducted using individual semi-structured interviews with 17 caregivers.
Findings
Both caregivers and preschoolers experienced high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and reported unhealthy eating habits and excessive screen time. Physical activity increased in preschoolers, but declined among caregivers during COVID-19. Caregivers’ coping strategies included taking short walks, seeking professional and social support, and praying; avoidant caregiver coping strategies including eating when stressed and increased screen time.
Conclusions
Future interventions are warranted to empower caregivers who live in poverty with the skills needed to maintain optimal physical and mental health, as well as assisting them to cope with challenges that may continue post-COVID-19.
{"title":"Mental health and lifestyle behavior changes during COVID-19 among families living in poverty: A descriptive phenomenological study","authors":"Nagwan R. Zahry PhD, Jiying Ling PhD, MS, RN, FAAN, Lorraine B. Robbins PhD, RN, FNP-BC, FAAN","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12447","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Families living in poverty may be particularly vulnerable to the deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The current study focuses on caregivers of preschoolers aged 3–5 years old who lived in poverty to explore how COVID-19 affected mental health and lifestyle behaviors and what coping strategies were helpful for dealing with challenges induced by COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative study was conducted using individual semi-structured interviews with 17 caregivers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both caregivers and preschoolers experienced high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and reported unhealthy eating habits and excessive screen time. Physical activity increased in preschoolers, but declined among caregivers during COVID-19. Caregivers’ coping strategies included taking short walks, seeking professional and social support, and praying; avoidant caregiver coping strategies including eating when stressed and increased screen time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future interventions are warranted to empower caregivers who live in poverty with the skills needed to maintain optimal physical and mental health, as well as assisting them to cope with challenges that may continue post-COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcap.12447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah E. Gray BSN, RN, Michaela Carter BSN, RN, Amanda Harper DNP, RN, CPNP
Problem
The adolescent years are a formative time when rapid hormonal and physical changes stimulate the developing mind. Exposure to poverty, abuse, violence, and lack of peer and social support causes an increase in vulnerability to the development of mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic has also exacerbated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Regardless of the risk factors, anxiety and depression continue to be significant health problems, affecting thousands of adolescents yearly in the United States. The first-line treatment recommendation for managing anxiety and depression symptoms is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, access to a provider for CBT treatment is not always an option for many reasons.
Methods
This pilot evidenced-based practice project aims to increase access to skills acquired through CBT and improve adolescents' mental health by implementing a brief and evidenced-based CBT program in a school setting. The CBT program for this project is the Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment (COPE) for Teens program consisting of seven 50−55-min sessions. The COPE program was delivered to 22 students in a 7th-grade health class. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Modified for Adolescents measured anxiety and depression scores at baseline, post-intervention, and 2-month follow-up.
Findings
Results indicate clinically significant improvements in anxiety and depression scores and showed participant satisfaction.
Conclusions
COPE in the school setting offers a low-risk solution to improving behaviors and emotional intelligence. COPE is a cost-effective solution to the mental health provider shortage.
{"title":"Effectiveness of an evidenced-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for adolescents in a school setting","authors":"Sarah E. Gray BSN, RN, Michaela Carter BSN, RN, Amanda Harper DNP, RN, CPNP","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12448","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The adolescent years are a formative time when rapid hormonal and physical changes stimulate the developing mind. Exposure to poverty, abuse, violence, and lack of peer and social support causes an increase in vulnerability to the development of mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic has also exacerbated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Regardless of the risk factors, anxiety and depression continue to be significant health problems, affecting thousands of adolescents yearly in the United States. The first-line treatment recommendation for managing anxiety and depression symptoms is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, access to a provider for CBT treatment is not always an option for many reasons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This pilot evidenced-based practice project aims to increase access to skills acquired through CBT and improve adolescents' mental health by implementing a brief and evidenced-based CBT program in a school setting. The CBT program for this project is the Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment (COPE) for Teens program consisting of seven 50−55-min sessions. The COPE program was delivered to 22 students in a 7th-grade health class. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Modified for Adolescents measured anxiety and depression scores at baseline, post-intervention, and 2-month follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results indicate clinically significant improvements in anxiety and depression scores and showed participant satisfaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COPE in the school setting offers a low-risk solution to improving behaviors and emotional intelligence. COPE is a cost-effective solution to the mental health provider shortage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayse Dost, Sura Kaya, Ramazan Kurucay, Berkan Sezen, Mehmet Akinci, Nihal Sunal
Objective
This research aimed to examine changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in activities of daily living and health status of children with special needs.
Method
The current descriptive and comparative study was carried out with 82 students studying at a special education practice school that provided daytime education to children with special needs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Personal Information Form, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and the Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme were employed as data collection tools in the research.
Results
The 10 most common problems during the COVID-19 pandemic were stated as cognition (86.6%), mental health (75.6%), speech and language (85.4%), interpersonal relationships (79.3%), personal care (79.3%), social contact (64.6%), growth and development (63.4%), neighborhood/workplace safety (58.5%), communication with community resources (57.3%), and caretaking/parenting (n = 47, 57.3%). The incidence of “cognition,” “speech and language,” “neighborhood/workplace safety,” “communication with community resources,” and “caretaking/parenting” problems of children with special needs was significantly higher during the pandemic than before the pandemic (p < 0.05; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The current research emphasized the significant impacts on the health of children with physical and mental disabilities and loss of opportunity, as their education was considerably interrupted during the quarantine. During a pandemic, the regular evaluation of health benefits/risks is essential to ensure the continuity of medical follow-up, rehabilitation, education, and support mechanisms for children with disabilities.
{"title":"Reflections of the COVID-19 pandemic on health problems of children with special needs","authors":"Ayse Dost, Sura Kaya, Ramazan Kurucay, Berkan Sezen, Mehmet Akinci, Nihal Sunal","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12446","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcap.12446","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research aimed to examine changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in activities of daily living and health status of children with special needs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current descriptive and comparative study was carried out with 82 students studying at a special education practice school that provided daytime education to children with special needs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Personal Information Form, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and the Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme were employed as data collection tools in the research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 10 most common problems during the COVID-19 pandemic were stated as cognition (86.6%), mental health (75.6%), speech and language (85.4%), interpersonal relationships (79.3%), personal care (79.3%), social contact (64.6%), growth and development (63.4%), neighborhood/workplace safety (58.5%), communication with community resources (57.3%), and caretaking/parenting (<i>n</i> = 47, 57.3%). The incidence of “cognition,” “speech and language,” “neighborhood/workplace safety,” “communication with community resources,” and “caretaking/parenting” problems of children with special needs was significantly higher during the pandemic than before the pandemic (<i>p</i> < 0.05; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current research emphasized the significant impacts on the health of children with physical and mental disabilities and loss of opportunity, as their education was considerably interrupted during the quarantine. During a pandemic, the regular evaluation of health benefits/risks is essential to ensure the continuity of medical follow-up, rehabilitation, education, and support mechanisms for children with disabilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcap.12446","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Kadoglou, Eftychia Tziaka, Maria Samakouri, Aspasia Serdari
Problem
Anxiety is a common phenomenon among children that can lead to adverse developmental outcomes. A challenging parent–child relationship and its characteristics may negatively impact the development of a child's internalizing problems. However, theoretical models on children's anxiety have not fully emphasized the contribution of parenting and environmental factors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the possible correlations between parenting styles and other parental characteristics with children's anxiety.
Methods
The sample consisted of 443 parents of preschool children who completed the Parenting Styles and Dimension Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5. The univariate analysis included differences between demographic groups, assessed with independent sample t-tests. Associations between demographic evidence and child anxiety were estimated using χ2 tests. Binomial logistic regression analysis assessed the most important parenting characteristics contributing to a child's anxiety.
Findings
A total of 24.6% of the children had borderline or clinical symptoms of anxiety. Parents whose children were anxious were more permissive than parents of nonanxious children (p < 0.001). Mothers were more authoritative compared to fathers. In addition, permissive parenting style increased the probability of a child's anxiety and maternal permissive style emerged as a significant predictor of anxiety in preschoolers (p < 0.003).
Conclusions
This study revealed that the permissive parenting style is associated with anxiety in preschool children. Furthermore, the maternal permissive style was identified as a predictor of anxiety. Future research may address its causal effect on anxiety and other behavioral problems, focusing on multiple perspective relationships and cultural dimensions.
{"title":"Preschoolers and anxiety: The effect of parental characteristics","authors":"Maria Kadoglou, Eftychia Tziaka, Maria Samakouri, Aspasia Serdari","doi":"10.1111/jcap.12445","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcap.12445","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anxiety is a common phenomenon among children that can lead to adverse developmental outcomes. A challenging parent–child relationship and its characteristics may negatively impact the development of a child's internalizing problems. However, theoretical models on children's anxiety have not fully emphasized the contribution of parenting and environmental factors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the possible correlations between parenting styles and other parental characteristics with children's anxiety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample consisted of 443 parents of preschool children who completed the Parenting Styles and Dimension Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5. The univariate analysis included differences between demographic groups, assessed with independent sample <i>t</i>-tests. Associations between demographic evidence and child anxiety were estimated using <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> tests. Binomial logistic regression analysis assessed the most important parenting characteristics contributing to a child's anxiety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 24.6% of the children had borderline or clinical symptoms of anxiety. Parents whose children were anxious were more permissive than parents of nonanxious children (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Mothers were more authoritative compared to fathers. In addition, permissive parenting style increased the probability of a child's anxiety and maternal permissive style emerged as a significant predictor of anxiety in preschoolers (<i>p</i> < 0.003).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study revealed that the permissive parenting style is associated with anxiety in preschool children. Furthermore, the maternal permissive style was identified as a predictor of anxiety. Future research may address its causal effect on anxiety and other behavioral problems, focusing on multiple perspective relationships and cultural dimensions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcap.12445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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