Case Studies on Transport Policy最新文献_第10页

New ways of collecting urban freight traffic data and applications for urban freight policies and research 收集城市货运交通数据的新方法及在城市货运政策和研究中的应用

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101315

Laetitia Dablanc, Francois Adoue

The current quality of data on urban logistics traffic patterns is poor. Data are scarce, heterogeneous, often old and expensive to collect. This research looks at new ways to collect urban freight data and make that data available to both policy-makers and academia. Three case studies are examined: Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Brussels, Belgium; and Barcelona, Spain. They help identify new sources of data from traffic and parking policies: automated number plate recognition cameras, an on-street delivery smartphone app, and a truck pricing scheme. Both the context in which new data sources of interest to urban logistics are produced, and the level of appropriation of these data by local stakeholders and the research community are examined. We then construct an analysis grid to evaluate the diversity of systems (technical and socio-technical) producing data relevant to urban logistics. This analysis framework can be used to facilitate comparisons between data sources and thus help future case studies. In the three cases, we found that local governments use the data more than researchers do. The issue of data dissemination raises questions about costs (who is to bear the cost of storing, maintaining and extracting data sets?) as well as regulatory questions. We conclude that local administrations should be encouraged to work towards harmonizing data collection methods and data sharing conditions in order to improve the quality and comparability of the data. Cities in countries with little access to new sources of data, such as France for regulatory reasons, should try to find ways to create data source opportunities. In all countries, urban freight research communities should be encouraged to use the now increasingly available data.

目前有关城市物流交通模式的数据质量很差。数据稀缺、不统一、往往陈旧且收集成本高昂。本研究探讨了收集城市货运数据并将数据提供给政策制定者和学术界的新方法。本研究考察了三个案例：荷兰鹿特丹、比利时布鲁塞尔和西班牙巴塞罗那。它们有助于从交通和停车政策中发现新的数据来源：自动车牌识别摄像机、路边送货智能手机应用程序和卡车定价计划。我们研究了城市物流所关注的新数据源的产生背景，以及当地利益相关者和研究界对这些数据的利用程度。然后，我们构建了一个分析网格，以评估产生城市物流相关数据的系统（技术和社会技术）的多样性。这一分析框架可用于促进数据来源之间的比较，从而有助于未来的案例研究。在这三个案例中，我们发现地方政府对数据的使用多于研究人员。数据传播问题引发了成本问题（谁来承担存储、维护和提取数据集的成本？我们的结论是，应鼓励地方行政部门努力协调数据收集方法和数据共享条件，以提高数据的质量和可比性。在法国等由于监管原因而无法获得新数据源的国家，城市应设法创造数据源机会。在所有国家，应鼓励城市货运研究界使用现在越来越多的可用数据。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of electric vehicles and environmental policy stringency on transport CO2 emissions 电动汽车和环境政策的严格性对交通运输二氧化碳排放的影响

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101330

Junwook Chi

This paper aims to fill the existing gap in the literature by examining the roles of electric vehicles (EVs) and the stringency of environmental policies in reducing carbon emissions from transportation. Using a novel method of moment quantile regression (MMQR), this study investigates the impacts of EV adoption, environmental policy stringency, economic growth, commercial transportation services, and renewable energy on transport sector’s CO₂ emissions. The results indicate that the influence of EV adoption on transport emissions varies across different quantiles. While the adoption of EVs is not significantly associated with transport CO₂ emissions at the high quantile level, a significant relationship is found in the low and middle quantiles. More importantly, transport CO₂ emissions demonstrate a significant negative correlation with the stringency of environmental policies across all quantiles. Our results highlight that the combined impacts of EVs and stringent environmental policies are more pronounced in alleviating carbon emissions compared to their individual effects. These findings hold intriguing implications for policy discussions, suggesting that EVs, along with rigorous environmental policies, offer a viable pathway to mitigate carbon emissions in the transportation industry. Furthermore, this study confirms the existence of an inverted U-shaped Kuznets curve in the context of the relationship between economic growth and transport-related emissions, implying that policies promoting economic growth might be seen as environmentally sustainable in the long term.

本文旨在通过研究电动汽车（EV）和环境政策的严格程度在减少交通碳排放方面的作用，填补现有文献的空白。本研究采用矩量回归（MMQR）的新方法，研究了电动汽车的采用、环境政策的严格程度、经济增长、商业运输服务和可再生能源对交通部门二氧化碳排放的影响。研究结果表明，电动汽车的采用对交通部门二氧化碳排放的影响在不同的量级上有所不同。虽然在高量化水平上，电动汽车的采用与交通部门的二氧化碳排放量没有显著关系，但在低量化和中量化水平上，两者之间存在显著关系。更重要的是，在所有量级中，交通二氧化碳排放量与环境政策的严格程度呈显著负相关。我们的研究结果表明，电动汽车和严格的环境政策对减少碳排放的综合影响比它们各自的影响更为明显。这些研究结果对政策讨论具有引人入胜的意义，表明电动汽车与严格的环境政策一起，为减少交通行业的碳排放提供了一条可行的途径。此外，本研究还证实，在经济增长与交通相关排放之间存在倒 U 型库兹涅茨曲线，这意味着促进经济增长的政策可能被视为具有长期环境可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the factors determining service quality in Bhopal’s multimodal public transport system: A factor analysis 调查决定博帕尔多式联运公共交通系统服务质量的因素：因素分析

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101317

Rahul Tanwar, Pradeep Kumar Agarwal

Multimodal public transport systems are crucial for sustainable urban mobility in growing cities like India. This study investigates the factors determining service quality in Bhopal’s multimodal public transport system using factor analysis. A survey of 650 regular users was conducted to assess service quality perceptions. Exploratory factor analysis revealed six significant factors: integration (22.12 % of variance explained), reliability (14.30 %), comfort (9.38 %), safety (8.07 %), accessibility (6.85 %), and customer service (5.74 %). The factors demonstrated high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.8). Satisfaction levels varied across factors, with accessibility and comfort receiving higher ratings than reliability. Demographic comparisons revealed significant differences based on gender and age. The findings provide insights into the critical factors shaping service quality perceptions and offer a framework for assessment. The results highlight the need for targeted interventions, particularly in areas with lower satisfaction levels. This research contributes to the literature on public transport service quality in developing cities and underscores the importance of considering passenger perspectives in multimodal transport planning and management. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on public transport service quality in developing cities and underscores the importance of considering passenger perspectives in the planning and management of multimodal transport systems.

多式联运公共交通系统对于印度等发展中城市的可持续城市交通至关重要。本研究采用因素分析法调查了决定博帕尔多式联运公共交通系统服务质量的因素。对 650 名固定用户进行了调查，以评估他们对服务质量的看法。探索性因子分析揭示了六个重要因子：整合性（解释了 22.12 % 的方差）、可靠性（14.30 %）、舒适性（9.38 %）、安全性（8.07 %）、可达性（6.85 %）和客户服务（5.74 %）。各因素的内部一致性可靠性较高（Cronbach's alpha > 0.8）。各因素的满意度水平不尽相同，可及性和舒适度的评分高于可靠性。人口统计学比较显示，性别和年龄差异显著。研究结果深入揭示了影响服务质量感知的关键因素，并提供了一个评估框架。研究结果突出表明，有必要采取有针对性的干预措施，特别是在满意度较低的地区。这项研究为有关发展中城市公共交通服务质量的文献做出了贡献，并强调了在多式联运规划和管理中考虑乘客观点的重要性。这项研究为不断增加的有关发展中城市公共交通服务质量的文献做出了贡献，并强调了在多式联运系统的规划和管理中考虑乘客视角的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Towards greener freight transport networks: An integrated model for location planning and carbon regulation policy evaluation

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101329

Vanessa de Almeida Guimarães , Pedro Henrique González , Víctor Alonso-Gomez , Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro

This paper proposes a mathematical model to assist governmental planning in the transport sector by suggesting optimal locations for logistics integration centers considering intermodality, logistics costs, and carbon costs. Seven scenarios were evaluated considering the assessment of carbon-tax and carbon-cap policies. The findings showed that logistic costs are more significant than carbon costs across the network investigated. Only non-competitive conditions such as considering carbon costs alone or adopting outrageous values for the carbon tax could change this situation. If no facility were opened, the total cost would be 2.8 times higher than the baseline scenario, while intermodality would reduce the baseline emissions by up to 3.753%. Therefore, the government should prioritize greener strategies and modal shifts in addition to implementing carbon policies to ensure a more sustainable and cost-effective transportation sector.

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Comparative analysis of perceived quality of bus services in different socioeconomic and cultural urban contexts: Tangier (Morocco) and Oviedo (Spain) 对不同社会经济和文化背景下城市公交服务质量的比较分析：丹吉尔（摩洛哥）和奥维耶多（西班牙）

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101321

Shireen Al Suleiman , Andres Monzon , Elena Lopez , Adriana Cortez

Understanding how socioeconomic and cultural factors shape the perception of public transport (PT) services is crucial for improving urban mobility. This study investigates user satisfaction with bus services in Tangier, Morocco, and Oviedo, Spain—two medium-sized cities representing contrasting socioeconomic and cultural contexts. The objective is to assess bus service attributes by identifying and comparing them between the two cities to improve the quality of public transport services. The comparison also highlighted the two cities’ different socioeconomic and cultural contexts.

The research was based on customised surveys that collected 1,271 answers from bus users in Tangier and 970 in Oviedo. Then, an analytical method was applied, integrating Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). These methods were used to determine key factors affecting user satisfaction and to evaluate the importance and performance of various service attributes. The relevant factors identified were comfort, accessibility, ticket pricing, and service information.

Significant differences in user perceptions were identified. Oviedo excels in comfort, service information, and accessibility, reflecting the maturity of its public transport system. While showing higher satisfaction with ticket prices, Tangier has a younger population that relies heavily on public transport for daily needs. In contrast, Oviedo has a broader age range of users and a higher proportion of women and elderly passengers. Additionally, Oviedo faces challenges in service frequency and availability on weekends and holidays. The analysis suggests that insights from Oviedo’s system can improve service quality in Tangier by adapting best practices to local conditions. The findings underscore the importance of tailoring public transport policies to socioeconomic and cultural contexts to enhance user satisfaction and promote sustainable urban mobility in cities with varying levels of development.

了解社会经济和文化因素如何影响人们对公共交通（PT）服务的看法，对于改善城市交通至关重要。本研究调查了用户对摩洛哥丹吉尔和西班牙奥维耶多公交服务的满意度，这两个中型城市代表了截然不同的社会经济和文化背景。目的是通过识别和比较两个城市的公交服务属性来评估公交服务质量，从而提高公共交通服务质量。这项研究以定制调查为基础，在丹吉尔和奥维耶多分别收集了 1,271 份和 970 份公交用户问卷。然后，采用了一种分析方法，将分类与回归树（CART）和重要性-绩效分析（IPA）结合起来。这些方法用于确定影响用户满意度的关键因素，并评估各种服务属性的重要性和性能。确定的相关因素包括舒适度、可达性、票价和服务信息。奥维多在舒适度、服务信息和可达性方面表现出色，反映了其公共交通系统的成熟度。丹吉尔对票价的满意度较高，但丹吉尔人口较年轻，日常需求主要依赖公共交通。相比之下，奥维耶多的乘客年龄跨度更大，女性和老年乘客比例更高。此外，奥维多在周末和节假日的服务频率和可用性方面也面临挑战。分析表明，从奥维耶多系统中获得的启示可以通过根据当地情况调整最佳实践来提高丹吉尔的服务质量。研究结果强调了根据社会经济和文化背景调整公共交通政策的重要性，以提高用户满意度，促进不同发展水平城市的可持续城市交通。

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引用次数: 0

Online exams in higher education: A possible solution to avoid unnecessary car trips 高等教育中的在线考试：避免不必要乘车出行的可行解决方案

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101318

Sergio Maria Patella , Francesco Maria Olivieri , Leonardo Zamberlan

Distance learning represents a form of remote participation, resulting in avoidance of commuting trips. After the end of the pandemic emergency, the progressive return to in-person exams is expected to generate a significant volume of car trips, especially for those telematic universities that in the last few years have experienced an impressive growth in students’ enrolment. This research presents the case study from Universitas Mercatorum, the University of the Italian Chambers of Commerce. Through a survey-based methodology, this study aims at estimating the students’ travel demand to take exams in case of full return to traditional in-person format. Following a Well-to-Wheel approach, this study also performs a transport-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions assessment. Results show that car is the most used mode (51 %), and a total amount of about 40 million vehicle-kilometres travelled per year is expected. This translates into about 9 thousand tonnes of CO2eq emissions per year. However, the stated preference experiment highlights that 37 % of motorized private transport users (cars and motorbikes) might shift to rail and 37 % of car users are willing to carpool.

远程学习是一种远程参与的形式，可以避免通勤。在大流行病紧急状态结束后，逐步恢复面授考试预计将产生大量的汽车出行，尤其是对于那些在过去几年中学生注册人数增长显著的远程大学而言。本研究介绍了意大利商会大学（Universitas Mercatorum）的案例研究。通过调查方法，本研究旨在估算在完全恢复传统面授形式的情况下，学生参加考试的出行需求。按照 "从井底到车轮"（Well-to-Wheel）的方法，本研究还进行了与交通相关的温室气体（GHG）排放评估。结果显示，汽车是最常用的出行方式（51%），预计每年的总出行量约为 4000 万汽车公里。这相当于每年排放约 9000 吨二氧化碳当量。然而，陈述偏好实验表明，37% 的机动私人交通用户（汽车和摩托车）可能会转向铁路，37% 的汽车用户愿意拼车。

{"title":"Online exams in higher education: A possible solution to avoid unnecessary car trips","authors":"Sergio Maria Patella , Francesco Maria Olivieri , Leonardo Zamberlan","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Distance learning represents a form of remote participation, resulting in avoidance of commuting trips. After the end of the pandemic emergency, the progressive return to in-person exams is expected to generate a significant volume of car trips, especially for those telematic universities that in the last few years have experienced an impressive growth in students’ enrolment. This research presents the case study from Universitas Mercatorum, the University of the Italian Chambers of Commerce. Through a survey-based methodology, this study aims at estimating the students’ travel demand to take exams in case of full return to traditional in-person format. Following a Well-to-Wheel approach, this study also performs a transport-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions assessment. Results show that car is the most used mode (51 %), and a total amount of about 40 million vehicle-kilometres travelled per year is expected. This translates into about 9 thousand tonnes of CO2eq emissions per year. However, the stated preference experiment highlights that 37 % of motorized private transport users (cars and motorbikes) might shift to rail and 37 % of car users are willing to carpool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fuelling the pandemic: The impact of fuel prices on COVID-19 为大流行病加油：燃料价格对 COVID-19 的影响

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101314

Vincenzo Alfano , Salvatore Capasso

In 2022 the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with a surge in global fuel prices, particularly affecting Italy. This study explores the impact of rising fuel costs on public transportation usage and its influence on the spread of airborne viruses. As fuel prices increased, private vehicle users were incentivized to shift to public transportation, raising concerns about a potential rise in COVID-19 cases. Using a hybrid model with F-GLS estimators, we find that higher fuel prices are correlated with increased COVID-19 cases, though this effect diminishes with greater public transportation availability. We estimate that when public transportation capacity falls below 6,500 seats per capita per kilometre, case numbers rise. Thus, robust public transportation systems may help limit the spread of airborne viruses, while inadequate systems could exacerbate transmission.

2022 年，在 COVID-19 大流行的同时，全球燃料价格飙升，意大利受到的影响尤为严重。本研究探讨了燃料成本上升对公共交通使用的影响及其对空气传播病毒的影响。随着燃料价格上涨，私家车用户受到刺激而转向公共交通，这引发了人们对 COVID-19 病例可能增加的担忧。通过使用 F-GLS 估计器的混合模型，我们发现燃料价格上涨与 COVID-19 病例增加相关，但随着公共交通可用性的提高，这种影响会减弱。我们估计，当公共交通容量低于人均每公里 6,500 个座位时，病例数会上升。因此，强大的公共交通系统可能有助于限制空气传播病毒，而不完善的系统则可能加剧传播。

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 and its influence on the propensity to work from home between March 2020 and June 2021 COVID-19 及其对 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 6 月期间在家工作倾向的影响

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101319

David A. Hensher, Matthew J. Beck, Camila Balbontin

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the world of work. With growing support and preference revelation from both employees and employers, we might anticipate a settling in of working from home around one to two days a week, varying by occupation depending on the ability to work remotely. Although there are a growing number of studies that have analysed data collected at a point in time or over time during the pandemic, there is now sufficient time and data to treat the waves of collected data as a repeated cross section that is jointly modelled to assess systematically, the changing roles of various influences on the proportion of working days that are worked from home. This paper estimates random effects regression models for the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Area and South-East Queensland over four waves of data collected in 2020 and 2021, where this last one represents a period with almost full vaccinations and minimum restrictions (i.e., ‘new normal’). By jointly estimating four waves of data within a single modelling framework, we are able to track the changing roles of the influences found to be statistically significant across the waves. The elasticity outputs reveal how these influences impact on the propensity to WFH, giving clues on whether we were starting to see a stabilisation of WFH activity mid-way in the pandemic period that can be reflective of a ‘new normal’. Results are very supportive of employees’ preferences, suggesting that those that feel the same or more productive when working from home relative to going to the office, are more likely to working from home relative to those that feel less productive.

COVID-19 大流行对工作领域产生了重大影响。随着雇员和雇主对在家工作的支持和偏好不断增加，我们可以预见，在家工作将逐渐成为一种趋势，每周大约有一到两天的时间在家工作，不同职业的情况会有所不同，这取决于远程工作的能力。尽管有越来越多的研究分析了在大流行期间某一时点或一段时间内收集到的数据，但现在有足够的时间和数据将收集到的数据作为一个重复的横截面来处理，并对其进行联合建模，以系统地评估各种影响因素对在家工作的工作日比例所起的不断变化的作用。本文估计了大悉尼都市区和昆士兰东南部在 2020 年和 2021 年收集的四波数据的随机效应回归模型，其中最后一波数据代表了几乎全面接种疫苗和最低限制（即 "新常态"）的时期。通过在单一建模框架内对四波数据进行联合估算，我们能够跟踪在统计上具有显著意义的影响因素在各波数据中的作用变化。弹性输出结果揭示了这些影响因素对全职工作倾向的影响，为我们提供了线索，说明我们是否开始看到全职工作活动在大流行病中期趋于稳定，从而反映出一种 "新常态"。研究结果非常支持员工的偏好，表明那些在家工作时感觉与去办公室工作效率相同或更高的员工，相对于那些感觉工作效率较低的员工，更倾向于在家工作。

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引用次数: 0

Simulation modeling of passengers flow at airport terminals to reduce delay and enhance level of service 机场航站楼客流仿真建模，以减少延误并提高服务水平

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101312

Sharaf AlKheder, Salma Alhadeyah, Zahra Albaghli

Passenger delays are considered as global issues that influence the overall efficiency of an airport and competitiveness as well as restricting terminal developments. This paper studied Kuwait International Airport Terminal 4 (T4); a new expansion of the old airport. This study mainly aims to analyze the influence of the design on passenger flow in T4 and how it affected the capacity in addition to obtain a path for the passenger movement from the terminal entrance until they reach the gate of the aircraft and vice versa through CAST simulation model. The effect of the T4 design on the overall efficiency was found, the current flow conditions were analyzed and compared with the required Level of Service (LOS) and several developments and expansions were suggested. Passengers flow was studied to improve passenger experience, increase operational efficiencies, maximize retail revenues and increase security effectiveness. It was indicated that customs and security facilities require expansion in areas during peak hours to maintain a high level of performance. However, the check in premium showed the minimum gap between queue capacity and the declared queuing size indicating the high level of service in this area. The results revealed that immigration queueing requires expansion. Moreover, queuing area provision indicates no capacity issues to cope with maximum queue size. The provision of immigration counters according showed no adequate queuing space to cope with MQS. It is recommended to increase the number of economy check-in counters.

旅客延误被认为是影响机场整体效率和竞争力以及限制航站楼发展的全球性问题。本文研究的是科威特国际机场 4 号航站楼（T4），它是老机场的新扩建部分。本研究的主要目的是分析 T4 航站楼的设计对客流的影响，以及如何影响其容量，此外还通过 CAST 仿真模型获得乘客从航站楼入口到飞机登机口的移动路径，反之亦然。研究发现了 T4 航站楼设计对整体效率的影响，分析了当前的客流状况，并将其与要求的服务水平（LOS）进行了比较，同时提出了若干发展和扩建建议。对客流进行了研究，以改善乘客体验、提高运营效率、最大限度地增加零售收入并提高安检效率。研究表明，海关和安检设施需要在高峰时段进行扩建，以保持较高的服务水平。然而，值机手续费显示排队能力与申报排队人数之间的差距最小，表明该区域的服务水平较高。结果显示，出入境排队区需要扩建。此外，排队区的提供情况表明在应对最大排队人数方面没有能力问题。出入境柜台的设置显示没有足够的排队空间来应对最大排队人数。建议增加经济舱值机柜台的数量。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of transport sustainability index to conserve resources: A case study of Delhi, India 优化交通可持续性指数以节约资源：印度德里案例研究

IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Case Studies on Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101316

Ashwani Gupta M.A.Sc. , Errampalli Madhu Ph.D.

The objective of the study is to propose a methodology for optimization of Transport Sustainability Index (TSI) of National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi since maximum value of TSI i.e. 1.0 will occur when all the sustainability indicators attain their extremum values simultaneously, which is highly improbable. TSI is estimated using 29 most appropriate transport sustainability indicators under four pillars of sustainability, viz. environmental, social, economic, and technological. Optimization of TSI involves following steps, viz. identification of three independent variables, i.e. fuel consumption (X₁), registered vehicles (X₂) and population (X₃) which influence all the indicators, data collection in respect of indicators and influencing variables for 30-year time period (from year 2000 to 2030), evolution of regression equations between indicators and influencing variables, and formulation of TSI as a multi-variate non-linear expression in terms of influencing variables, which is used for optimization. The generalized reduced gradient non-linear programming optimization technique is used to solve for the optimum values of influencing variables (X₁^opt, X₂^opt, X₃^opt) as 0.0988, 0.4709 & 0.0 respectively and optimum value of TSI (TSI^opt) as 0.71, which is 25% higher than the TSI of 0.59 for the year 2023–24. The knowledge of optimum value of TSI would help the city transport policy planners to allocate, only that much quantum of infrastructural and financial resources so as to reach optimum rather than extremum values, which leads to potential savings or conservation of resources. An overall notional savings of 58% has been estimated by the study.

本研究的目的是提出一种优化德里国家首都区（NCT）交通可持续性指数（TSI）的方法，因为当所有可持续性指标同时达到极值时，TSI 的最大值即 1.0 将出现，而这是极不可能的。TSI 是根据可持续发展的四大支柱，即环境、社会、经济和技术，使用 29 个最合适的交通可持续发展指标进行估算的。TSI 的优化包括以下步骤：确定影响所有指标的三个自变量，即燃料消耗量（X1）、注册车辆数（X2）和人口数（X3）；收集 30 年期间（从 2000 年到 2030 年）指标和影响变量的数据；建立指标和影响变量之间的回归方程；将 TSI 表述为影响变量的多变量非线性表达式，用于优化。利用广义梯度非线性编程优化技术，求解出影响变量的最优值（X1opt、X2opt、X3opt）分别为 0.0988、0.4709 & 0.0，TSI 的最优值（TSIopt）为 0.71，比 2023-24 年的 TSI 值 0.59 高出 25%。对 TSI 最佳值的了解将有助于城市交通政策规划者仅分配相应数量的基础设施和财政资源，以达到最佳而非极值，从而节省或保护潜在资源。研究估计，理论上可节省 58%的资源。

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引用次数: 0