首页 > 最新文献

Case Studies on Transport Policy最新文献

英文 中文
User information needs for hybrid public transport systems in Cape Town, South Africa 南非开普敦混合动力公共交通系统的用户信息需求
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101243
Bianca B. Ryseck

Public transport information imbalances are rife in cities with hybrid systems composed of scheduled and unscheduled modes, hindering users’ ability to access mobility. Though private and public entities alike are seeking information-based technological solutions to aid users to navigate these systems, there is still little understanding of what information users need to navigate these complex hybrid systems. Particularly for captive public transport users who do not have access to private alternative means of travel, access to relevant information across all modes could enable access to information on trips that better suit their needs and preferences. Through semi-structured interviews followed by a best-worst scaling survey with captive public transport users in Cape Town, South Africa, this study investigates what information users need to plan non-routine hybrid journeys. Information needs are extensive, ranging beyond that which is publicly offered, not only on available transport services in isolation, but also across these collective services. This paper provides a method for investigating the information needs of users to enable policy makers to better align information and data strategies to support the integration of hybrid public transport systems through passenger information.

在城市中,公共交通信息失衡的现象非常普遍,这些系统由定时和不定时模式组成,阻碍了用户的出行能力。尽管私营和公共实体都在寻求基于信息的技术解决方案来帮助用户驾驭这些系统,但人们对用户在驾驭这些复杂的混合系统时需要哪些信息仍然知之甚少。特别是对于那些无法使用私人替代出行方式的公共交通用户来说,获取所有出行方式的相关信息可以让他们获得更适合自己需求和偏好的出行信息。本研究通过对南非开普敦公共交通用户进行半结构式访谈和最佳-最差比例调查,调查了用户在计划非日常混合出行时需要哪些信息。用户对信息的需求是广泛的,超出了公开提供的信息范围,不仅包括单独的可用交通服务,还包括这些集体服务。本文提供了一种调查用户信息需求的方法,使决策者能够更好地调整信息和数据战略,通过乘客信息支持混合公共交通系统的整合。
{"title":"User information needs for hybrid public transport systems in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"Bianca B. Ryseck","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Public transport information imbalances are rife in cities with hybrid systems composed of scheduled and unscheduled modes, hindering users’ ability to access mobility. Though private and public entities alike are seeking information-based technological solutions to aid users to navigate these systems, there is still little understanding of what information users need to navigate these complex hybrid systems. Particularly for captive public transport users who do not have access to private alternative means of travel, access to relevant information across all modes could enable access to information on trips that better suit their needs and preferences. Through semi-structured interviews followed by a best-worst scaling survey with captive public transport users in Cape Town, South Africa, this study investigates what information users need to plan non-routine hybrid journeys. Information needs are extensive, ranging beyond that which is publicly offered, not only on available transport services in isolation, but also across these collective services. This paper provides a method for investigating the information needs of users to enable policy makers to better align information and data strategies to support the integration of hybrid public transport systems through passenger information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of an integrated urban modelling framework for examining the impacts of work from home on travel behavior 开发城市综合建模框架,研究在家办公对出行行为的影响
IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101244

This paper develops an integrated urban modelling framework (IUMF) to predict how work from home (WFH) decision affects travel behavior. First, it conducts a questionnaire survey among working professionals in Halifax, Canada, to collect data on their socio-demographic characteristics, mode choice, vehicle ownership, and work-arrangement. Bayesian Belief network models are developed using the collected responses to calculate the cumulative probability tables (CPTs) of variables associated with the decision to WFH. Next, the ascertained CPTs are used as input to extend an integrated urban modelling framework (IUMF) that is further utilized to simulate individuals’ work from home choices and travel behavior up to 2025 for Halifax, Canada. Results indicate that around 57% of the workers would like to WFH and 7% wants to relocate closer to workplace. The model forecasts a significant preference for remote work among individuals with offices in the urban core. Results also show that auto mode share is increased to 79% in 2024, whereas transit, walking and biking trips decreased. Average travel distance is higher in the post-pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic, while travel distance of telecommuters is found to be higher than non-telecommuters. Statistically significant differences are observed between telecommuters and non-telecommuters for ‘number of activities’ and ‘distance travelled’ in a day. The outcomes of this study will offer policy makers a better understanding of long-term impacts of WFH on transport and land-use systems and help to develop effective travel demand management strategies.

本文建立了一个综合城市建模框架(IUMF),以预测在家办公(WFH)决策如何影响出行行为。首先,本文对加拿大哈利法克斯的在职专业人士进行了问卷调查,收集了他们的社会人口特征、模式选择、车辆拥有量和工作安排等数据。利用收集到的答复建立贝叶斯信念网络模型,计算出与全职家庭生活决策相关的变量累积概率表(CPT)。然后,将确定的 CPTs 作为输入,扩展综合城市建模框架 (IUMF),并进一步利用该框架模拟加拿大哈利法克斯到 2025 年的个人在家办公选择和出行行为。结果表明,约 57% 的工人希望全职在家工作,7% 的工人希望搬迁到离工作地点更近的地方。该模型预测,在城市核心地区拥有办公室的个人更倾向于远程工作。结果还显示,到 2024 年,汽车出行比例将上升至 79%,而公交、步行和自行车出行比例则有所下降。大流行后的平均出行距离高于大流行前,而远程办公者的出行距离高于非远程办公者。在一天的 "活动次数 "和 "旅行距离 "方面,电子通勤者和非电子通勤者之间存在明显的统计学差异。这项研究的结果将使政策制定者更好地了解全职家庭对交通和土地使用系统的长期影响,并有助于制定有效的出行需求管理策略。
{"title":"Development of an integrated urban modelling framework for examining the impacts of work from home on travel behavior","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper develops an integrated urban modelling framework (IUMF) to predict how work from home (WFH) decision affects travel behavior. First, it conducts a questionnaire survey among working professionals in Halifax, Canada, to collect data on their socio-demographic characteristics, mode choice, vehicle ownership, and work-arrangement. Bayesian Belief network models are developed using the collected responses to calculate the cumulative probability tables (CPTs) of variables associated with the decision to WFH. Next, the ascertained CPTs are used as input to extend an integrated urban modelling framework (IUMF) that is further utilized to simulate individuals’ work from home choices and travel behavior up to 2025 for Halifax, Canada. Results indicate that around 57% of the workers would like to WFH and 7% wants to relocate closer to workplace. The model forecasts a significant preference for remote work among individuals with offices in the urban core. Results also show that auto mode share is increased to 79% in 2024, whereas transit, walking and biking trips decreased. Average travel distance is higher in the post-pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic, while travel distance of telecommuters is found to be higher than non-telecommuters. Statistically significant differences are observed between telecommuters and non-telecommuters for ‘number of activities’ and ‘distance travelled’ in a day. The outcomes of this study will offer policy makers a better understanding of long-term impacts of WFH on transport and land-use systems and help to develop effective travel demand management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000993/pdfft?md5=267feb52dfdad0f270336bb1642be6a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000993-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141411045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Travel behaviour changes among post-secondary students after COVID-19 pandemic – A case of Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada COVID-19 大流行后大专学生旅行行为的变化--以加拿大大多伦多和汉密尔顿地区为例
IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101245

Recent research has reported travel behaviour changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Speculatively, these short-term disruptions in travel may lead to new habit formation and longer-term travel behaviour changes among young adults belonging to generations Y and Z. Focusing on post-secondary students within Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada and using longitudinal data collected in fall 2019 and spring 2022, our exploratory study examined the post-COVID-19 travel behaviour changes and analyzed whether these changes are associated with their socio-demographic characteristics and life events experienced over the course of pandemic. Results show that many public transit users and active travellers (pedestrians and cyclists) switched to cars for commuting post-pandemic. The post-pandemic retention of public transit use was lower compared to cars, while active transportation modes had the lowest post-pandemic retention rate. Some socio-demographic characteristics such as age, living situation, work hours and access to cars were significantly associated with these changes. In terms of life events, students who joined workforce after completion of education between 2019 and 2022 were more likely to shift their commute mode from public transit to cars, implying some influence of this life event on commute mode changes, in addition to pandemic-induced changes. Our findings suggest that the post-pandemic commute mode changes observed among young adults in the GTHA may not be a result of only COVID-19 pandemic and may also be partly associated with important life events that they experienced over the course of pandemic. Future transportation planning and policy implications, and directions for future research have been discussed.

最近的研究报告显示,在 COVID-19 大流行期间,人们的旅行行为发生了变化。我们的探索性研究以加拿大大多伦多地区和汉密尔顿地区的大专学生为重点,使用 2019 年秋季和 2022 年春季收集的纵向数据,考察了 COVID-19 大流行后的出行行为变化,并分析了这些变化是否与大流行期间经历的社会人口特征和生活事件有关。结果显示,许多公共交通用户和积极的旅行者(行人和骑自行车者)在大流行后改用汽车通勤。与小汽车相比,公共交通在大流行后的保留率较低,而主动交通方式在大流行后的保留率最低。一些社会人口特征,如年龄、生活状况、工作时间和是否有车,与这些变化有显著关联。在生活事件方面,2019 年至 2022 年期间完成学业后参加工作的学生更有可能将通勤方式从公共交通转变为小汽车,这意味着除了大流行引起的变化外,这一生活事件对通勤方式的改变也有一定影响。我们的研究结果表明,在 GTHA 的年轻人中观察到的大流行后通勤模式变化可能不仅仅是 COVID-19 大流行的结果,还可能与他们在大流行期间经历的重要生活事件有部分关联。本文讨论了未来交通规划和政策的影响,以及未来研究的方向。
{"title":"Travel behaviour changes among post-secondary students after COVID-19 pandemic – A case of Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent research has reported travel behaviour changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Speculatively, these short-term disruptions in travel may lead to new habit formation and longer-term travel behaviour changes among young adults belonging to generations Y and Z. Focusing on post-secondary students within Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada and using longitudinal data collected in fall 2019 and spring 2022, our exploratory study examined the post-COVID-19 travel behaviour changes and analyzed whether these changes are associated with their socio-demographic characteristics and life events experienced over the course of pandemic. Results show that many public transit users and active travellers (pedestrians and cyclists) switched to cars for commuting post-pandemic. The post-pandemic retention of public transit use was lower compared to cars, while active transportation modes had the lowest post-pandemic retention rate. Some socio-demographic characteristics such as age, living situation, work hours and access to cars were significantly associated with these changes. In terms of life events, students who joined workforce after completion of education between 2019 and 2022 were more likely to shift their commute mode from public transit to cars, implying some influence of this life event on commute mode changes, in addition to pandemic-induced changes. Our findings suggest that the post-pandemic commute mode changes observed among young adults in the GTHA may not be a result of only COVID-19 pandemic and may also be partly associated with important life events that they experienced over the course of pandemic. Future transportation planning and policy implications, and directions for future research have been discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24001007/pdfft?md5=330ac6cf0fae7f9ca6dce81ec8ddcc08&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24001007-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The analysis of relationships between global shipping networks and foreign trade volumes in developing countries 全球航运网络与发展中国家对外贸易量之间的关系分析
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101242
Şerif Canbay

This study aims to examine the relationships between the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index and foreign trade volumes in Brazil, China, India, Russia, Türkiye, and South Africa. In pursuit of this objective, causality relationships among the variables were examined using the bootstrap panel causality test with data 2006–2021. The analysis findings indicate a positive and bidirectional causality relationship between the connectivity to global maritime networks and exports in Brazil and a positive and unidirectional causality relationship from the connectivity to global maritime networks and exports in Türkiye. Regarding the relationships between the connectivity to global maritime networks and imports, the analysis findings reveal a negative and unidirectional causality relationship from imports to the connectivity to global maritime networks in China, India, and Russia. However, in Türkiye, a positive and unidirectional causality relationship was identified from the connectivity to global maritime networks to imports.

本研究旨在考察班轮航运连通性指数与巴西、中国、印度、俄罗斯、土耳其和南非的对外贸易量之间的关系。为了实现这一目标,我们使用自引导面板因果检验法对 2006-2021 年的数据进行了检验。分析结果表明,巴西的全球海洋网络连通性与出口之间存在正向和双向因果关系,图尔基耶的全球海洋网络连通性与出口之间存在正向和单向因果关系。关于全球海洋网络连通性与进口之间的关系,分析结果显示,在中国、印度和俄罗斯,进口与全球海洋网络连通性之间存在单向负因果关系。然而,在土耳其,全球海洋网络连通性与进口之间存在单向的正向因果关系。
{"title":"The analysis of relationships between global shipping networks and foreign trade volumes in developing countries","authors":"Şerif Canbay","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to examine the relationships between the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index and foreign trade volumes in Brazil, China, India, Russia, Türkiye, and South Africa. In pursuit of this objective, causality relationships among the variables were examined using the bootstrap panel causality test with data 2006–2021. The analysis findings indicate a positive and bidirectional causality relationship between the connectivity to global maritime networks and exports in Brazil and a positive and unidirectional causality relationship from the connectivity to global maritime networks and exports in Türkiye. Regarding the relationships between the connectivity to global maritime networks and imports, the analysis findings reveal a negative and unidirectional causality relationship from imports to the connectivity to global maritime networks in China, India, and Russia. However, in Türkiye, a positive and unidirectional causality relationship was identified from the connectivity to global maritime networks to imports.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141313676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimating personal electric vehicle demand and its adoption timeframe: A study on consumer perception in Indian metropolitan cities 估计个人电动汽车需求及其采用时间框架:印度大城市消费者认知研究
IF 2.4 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101246

India’s transition to electric vehicles has entered its second decade. The government has set a target of having EV sales accounting for 30 % of private cars and 80 % for two-wheelers by 2030. However, despite several efforts of government and industry, the penetration of electric vehicles till-date has not been as per the set targets. This study aims to estimate the end-user demand and adoption timeframe of electric 4-wheelers (e-4 W) and 2-wheelers (e-2 W) in India’s four large metropolitan areas. Binary logit choice models are developed based on a discrete choice experiment carried out by utilizing 2,400 face-to-face interview responses. In addition, ordered logit models are developed to assess the adoption timeframe of the EVs. The study results show a significant geographic variation in demand for e-4Ws and e-2Ws within India. This demand is also driven by vehicle attributes, demographics, infrastructural elements, and user attitudes. Existing vehicle owners are more likely to purchase an EV in the future, and are also likely to drive/ride it more. In addition, consumers who are young and wealthy, and living in homes with dedicated parking spaces are more likely to be early adopters of EVs. These findings would assist policymakers in designing a tailormade and phased EV implementation scheme in India.

印度向电动汽车的过渡已进入第二个十年。政府设定的目标是,到 2030 年,电动汽车销量占私家车销量的 30%,占两轮车销量的 80%。然而,尽管政府和产业界做出了许多努力,迄今为止电动汽车的普及率仍未达到既定目标。本研究旨在估算印度四大都市区对电动四轮车(e-4 W)和电动两轮车(e-2 W)的最终用户需求和采用时间框架。二元对数选择模型是在离散选择实验的基础上建立的,该实验利用了 2,400 份面对面的访谈回复。此外,还建立了有序 logit 模型来评估电动汽车的采用时间框架。研究结果表明,印度国内对电动四轮车和电动两轮车的需求存在明显的地域差异。这种需求还受到车辆属性、人口统计、基础设施要素和用户态度的驱动。现有车主更有可能在未来购买电动汽车,也更有可能驾驶/乘坐电动汽车。此外,年轻、富有、居住在有专用停车位的家庭中的消费者更有可能成为电动汽车的早期使用者。这些发现将有助于政策制定者为印度量身定制分阶段的电动汽车实施计划。
{"title":"Estimating personal electric vehicle demand and its adoption timeframe: A study on consumer perception in Indian metropolitan cities","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>India’s transition to electric vehicles has entered its second decade. The government has set a target of having EV sales accounting for 30 % of private cars and 80 % for two-wheelers by 2030. However, despite several efforts of government and industry, the penetration of electric vehicles till-date has not been as per the set targets. This study aims to estimate the end-user demand and adoption timeframe of electric 4-wheelers (e-4 W) and 2-wheelers (e-2 W) in India’s four large metropolitan areas. Binary logit choice models are developed based on a discrete choice experiment carried out by utilizing 2,400 face-to-face interview responses. In addition, ordered logit models are developed to assess the adoption timeframe of the EVs. The study results show a significant geographic variation in demand for e-4Ws and e-2Ws within India. This demand is also driven by vehicle attributes, demographics, infrastructural elements, and user attitudes. Existing vehicle owners are more likely to purchase an EV in the future, and are also likely to drive/ride it more. In addition, consumers who are young and wealthy, and living in homes with dedicated parking spaces are more likely to be early adopters of EVs. These findings would assist policymakers in designing a tailormade and phased EV implementation scheme in India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Origin-destination demand prediction of public transit using graph convolutional neural network 利用图卷积神经网络预测公共交通的始发站需求
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101230
Nithin K. Shanthappa , Raviraj H. Mulangi , Harsha M. Manjunath

The insight into origin–destination (OD) demand patterns aids transport planners in making the public transit system more efficient and attractive. This may encourage individuals to shift from private vehicles to public transit, easing the burden on traffic and its negative impacts. Hence, to know how OD demand is going to vary in future, a state-of-the-art OD demand prediction model needs to be developed. Previously, studies have developed zone-based prediction models which may not be appropriate for predicting OD demand within a route of public transit. Additionally, spatial correlations between the stops of public transit must be included in the model for improved forecasting accuracy. Hence, in an effort to fulfil these gaps, a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN) is developed to forecast the OD demand of public bus transit with nodes being the bus stops and links between them representing the passenger flow between the stops. Land use around the bus stops is retrieved as a node feature and included in the model to account for the spatial correlation between the stops. The model is trained using a real-life dataset from the public bus service of Davangere city located in India. Land use around the bus stops is extracted from the Davangere city master plan, procured from the urban development authority. The developed model is compared with conventional models and the findings show that the GCN model performs better in terms of prediction accuracy than the baseline models. Additionally, at the stop level, the performance of the model remained stable due to the inclusion of land use data compared to conventional models where land use data was not considered.

对出发地-目的地(OD)需求模式的深入了解有助于交通规划者提高公共交通系统的效率和吸引力。这可能会鼓励人们从私家车转向公共交通,减轻交通负担及其负面影响。因此,要了解未来 OD 需求的变化情况,就需要开发最先进的 OD 需求预测模型。以前的研究开发了基于区域的预测模型,但这些模型可能并不适合预测公共交通线路内的 OD 需求。此外,为了提高预测的准确性,模型中还必须包括公共交通站点之间的空间相关性。因此,为了弥补这些不足,我们开发了一个图卷积神经网络(GCN)来预测公共交通的运营需求,节点是公交站点,它们之间的链接代表站点之间的客流。公交站点周围的土地使用情况作为节点特征进行检索,并纳入模型中,以考虑站点之间的空间相关性。该模型使用印度达万格雷市公共汽车服务的真实数据集进行训练。公交站点周围的土地使用情况是从城市发展局获取的达旺杰雷市总体规划中提取的。将所开发的模型与传统模型进行了比较,结果表明 GCN 模型在预测准确性方面优于基线模型。此外,与未考虑土地利用数据的传统模型相比,在车站层面,由于纳入了土地利用数据,模型的性能保持稳定。
{"title":"Origin-destination demand prediction of public transit using graph convolutional neural network","authors":"Nithin K. Shanthappa ,&nbsp;Raviraj H. Mulangi ,&nbsp;Harsha M. Manjunath","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The insight into origin–destination (OD) demand patterns aids transport planners in making the public transit system more efficient and attractive. This may encourage individuals to shift from private vehicles to public transit, easing the burden on traffic and its negative impacts. Hence, to know how OD demand is going to vary in future, a state-of-the-art OD demand prediction model needs to be developed. Previously, studies have developed zone-based prediction models which may not be appropriate for predicting OD demand within a route of public transit. Additionally, spatial correlations between the stops of public transit must be included in the model for improved forecasting accuracy. Hence, in an effort to fulfil these gaps, a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN) is developed to forecast the OD demand of public bus transit with nodes being the bus stops and links between them representing the passenger flow between the stops. Land use around the bus stops is retrieved as a node feature and included in the model to account for the spatial correlation between the stops. The model is trained using a real-life dataset from the public bus service of Davangere city located in India. Land use around the bus stops is extracted from the Davangere city master plan, procured from the urban development authority. The developed model is compared with conventional models and the findings show that the GCN model performs better in terms of prediction accuracy than the baseline models. Additionally, at the stop level, the performance of the model remained stable due to the inclusion of land use data compared to conventional models where land use data was not considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An overview of dynamic pricing toll roads in the United States: Pricing algorithms, operation strategies, equity concerns, and funding mechanism 美国动态定价收费公路概览:定价算法、运营策略、公平问题和筹资机制
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101226
Adriana Valentina Farias, Shanjiang Zhu, Atabak Mardan

Toll roads with fully dynamic pricing schemes could play a key role in addressing the economic and environmental tolls imposed by increasing congestion levels in major metropolitan areas. Transportation professionals usually argue that they could provide additional revenue streams to accelerate the delivery of much-needed highway projects and serve as a tool for travel demand management. However, the number of dynamic pricing toll roads only increased recently in the U.S., and their performance has not been empirically evaluated systematically. This study provides a comprehensive review of U.S. dynamic pricing toll roads. Pricing is reactive to demand, and additional travel demand management strategies such as incentives for high occupancy vehicles, clean vehicles, and transit are commonly included. Both conventional project delivery methods and private–public partnerships have been used for such projects. Financial statements from a few P3 dynamic toll road projects suggest they are taking full advantage of TIFIA loans and are performing well during their short history. Equity issues are commonly raised, and many projects address them specifically through subsidies to vulnerable groups or re-investment in the community. Further quantitative analyses are needed to test if dynamic toll roads are an efficient tool to address the financial, economic, and environmental challenges major metropolitan areas face.

采用完全动态定价方案的收费公路可在解决大都市地区日益严重的交通拥堵所造成的经济和环境问题方面发挥关键作用。交通专业人士通常认为,收费公路可以提供额外的收入来源,加快实施急需的公路项目,并可作为旅行需求管理的工具。然而,美国动态定价收费公路的数量最近才有所增加,而且其性能尚未得到系统的实证评估。本研究对美国动态定价收费公路进行了全面回顾。定价是对需求的反应,通常还包括额外的出行需求管理策略,如对高乘载率车辆、清洁车辆和公交车的激励措施。传统的项目交付方法和公私合作伙伴关系都被用于此类项目。一些 P3 动态收费公路项目的财务报表表明,这些项目充分利用了 TIFIA 贷款,并在短时间内取得了良好的业绩。公平问题被普遍提及,许多项目通过对弱势群体的补贴或对社区的再投资来专门解决这些问题。还需要进一步的定量分析来检验动态收费公路是否是解决大都市地区所面临的金融、经济和环境挑战的有效工具。
{"title":"An overview of dynamic pricing toll roads in the United States: Pricing algorithms, operation strategies, equity concerns, and funding mechanism","authors":"Adriana Valentina Farias,&nbsp;Shanjiang Zhu,&nbsp;Atabak Mardan","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Toll roads with fully dynamic pricing schemes could play a key role in addressing the economic and environmental tolls imposed by increasing congestion levels in major metropolitan areas. Transportation professionals usually argue that they could provide additional revenue streams to accelerate the delivery of much-needed highway projects and serve as a tool for travel demand management. However, the number of dynamic pricing toll roads only increased recently in the U.S., and their performance has not been empirically evaluated systematically. This study provides a comprehensive review of U.S. dynamic pricing toll roads. Pricing is reactive to demand, and additional travel demand management strategies such as incentives for high occupancy vehicles, clean vehicles, and transit are commonly included. Both conventional project delivery methods and private–public partnerships have been used for such projects. Financial statements from a few P3 dynamic toll road projects suggest they are taking full advantage of TIFIA loans and are performing well during their short history. Equity issues are commonly raised, and many projects address them specifically through subsidies to vulnerable groups or re-investment in the community. Further quantitative analyses are needed to test if dynamic toll roads are an efficient tool to address the financial, economic, and environmental challenges major metropolitan areas face.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Airport noise assessment and mitigation: A simple and flexible methodology 机场噪声评估与缓解:简单灵活的方法
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101240
Gianmarco Andreana, Mattia Grampella, Gianmaria Martini, Davide Scotti

Airport noise assessment and mitigation have been recognized as major challenges in the current civil aviation context. This paper aims to provide a general, simple, and flexible methodology to approximate airport noise-influenced zones and quantify the social cost of noise pollution. The proposed methodology performs this assessment without the need for specific software, monitoring stations, and sophisticated data. Airport noise-influenced zones are estimated by relying on publicly available aircraft certification data, while the social cost of such estimation is computed by taking into account the distribution of residential units located within zones affected by noise. We present an application of this method to a group of Italian and Spanish airports, as well as possible beneficial policy interventions in terms of minimization of noise impact on the population living in the airport neighborhoods. In addition, possible mitigation policies are presented in the form of noise surcharges applied to different aircraft categories.

机场噪声评估和缓解已被视为当前民航面临的主要挑战。本文旨在提供一种通用、简单而灵活的方法,用于近似估算机场噪声影响区,并量化噪声污染的社会成本。所提出的方法无需特定软件、监测站和复杂数据即可进行评估。机场噪声影响区是通过公开的飞机认证数据估算出来的,而这种估算的社会成本则是通过考虑位于噪声影响区内的住宅单位的分布情况计算出来的。我们介绍了该方法在意大利和西班牙机场群中的应用,以及在最大限度减少噪声对机场周边居民的影响方面可能采取的有利政策干预措施。此外,我们还介绍了对不同类别飞机征收噪声附加费的可能缓解政策。
{"title":"Airport noise assessment and mitigation: A simple and flexible methodology","authors":"Gianmarco Andreana,&nbsp;Mattia Grampella,&nbsp;Gianmaria Martini,&nbsp;Davide Scotti","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Airport noise assessment and mitigation have been recognized as major challenges in the current civil aviation context. This paper aims to provide a general, simple, and flexible methodology to approximate airport noise-influenced zones and quantify the social cost of noise pollution. The proposed methodology performs this assessment without the need for specific software, monitoring stations, and sophisticated data. Airport noise-influenced zones are estimated by relying on publicly available aircraft certification data, while the social cost of such estimation is computed by taking into account the distribution of residential units located within zones affected by noise. We present an application of this method to a group of Italian and Spanish airports, as well as possible beneficial policy interventions in terms of minimization of noise impact on the population living in the airport neighborhoods. In addition, possible mitigation policies are presented in the form of noise surcharges applied to different aircraft categories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000956/pdfft?md5=550f42360e53b0e64388b5da8f2ec3cd&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000956-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The critical success factors of smart port digitalization development in the post-COVID-19 era 后 COVID-19 时代智能港口数字化发展的关键成功因素
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101231
Yi-Chih Yang , Yun-Hsin Hsieh

The international outbreak of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) at the end of 2019 has caused an indelible impact on the global economy. However, it has grown against the trend in unmanned distribution and online consumption. In recent years, the maritime industry has gradually introduced artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things, and big data. Through literature review and expert interviews, this research figures out the development status of smart ports at home and abroad and the digital development barriers of ports and then uses the Fuzzy Delphi and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process method to identify three dimensions and thirteen key factors target companies. The survey targets shipping companies, shipping agencies, and port management companies. The paper conducted the questionnaires to identify the critical success factors of port digitization. It was found that the “digital solutions” dimension had the highest weight value among the three dimensions and the top five critical factors in the overall ranking were based on the order of “carbon emission management,” “enhancing port safety”, “technology standardization,” “digital asset management,” and “optimization of the supply chain.” The result of this study can help port operators and shipping companies identify critical success factors of smart ports and adopt port digital development strategies for operation efficiency improvement and climate change mitigation.

2019 年底,新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)在国际上爆发,对全球经济造成了不可磨灭的影响。然而,在无人配送、线上消费等方面却逆势增长。近年来,海运业逐步引入人工智能、区块链、物联网、大数据等技术。本研究通过文献查阅和专家访谈,摸清国内外智慧港口的发展现状和港口数字化发展障碍,然后运用模糊德尔菲法和模糊分析层次过程法,确定了目标企业的三个维度和十三个关键因素。调查对象包括航运公司、船务代理公司和港口管理公司。本文通过问卷调查来确定港口数字化的关键成功因素。结果发现,在三个维度中,"数字化解决方案 "维度的权重值最高,综合排名前五位的关键因素依次为 "碳排放管理"、"加强港口安全"、"技术标准化"、"数字化资产管理 "和 "优化供应链"。这一研究结果有助于港口运营商和航运公司识别智慧港口的关键成功因素,并采用港口数字化发展战略来提高运营效率和减缓气候变化。
{"title":"The critical success factors of smart port digitalization development in the post-COVID-19 era","authors":"Yi-Chih Yang ,&nbsp;Yun-Hsin Hsieh","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The international outbreak of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) at the end of 2019 has caused an indelible impact on the global economy. However, it has grown against the trend in unmanned distribution and online consumption. In recent years, the maritime industry has gradually introduced artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things, and big data. Through literature review and expert interviews, this research figures out the development status of smart ports at home and abroad and the digital development barriers of ports and then uses the Fuzzy Delphi and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process method to identify three dimensions and thirteen key factors target companies. The survey targets shipping companies, shipping agencies, and port management companies. The paper conducted the questionnaires to identify the critical success factors of port digitization. It was found that the “digital solutions” dimension had the highest weight value among the three dimensions and the top five critical factors in the overall ranking were based on the order of “carbon emission management,” “enhancing port safety”, “technology standardization,” “digital asset management,” and “optimization of the supply chain.” The result of this study can help port operators and shipping companies identify critical success factors of smart ports and adopt port digital development strategies for operation efficiency improvement and climate change mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X24000865/pdfft?md5=f8c7199ce5d960bf3e1264da1e2691fb&pid=1-s2.0-S2213624X24000865-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
‘How can I get there?’: Effects of road system destruction in the northeast of Aleppo governorate under war conditions 我怎样才能到达那里?战争条件下阿勒颇省东北部道路系统遭到破坏的影响
IF 2.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101241
Fateh Shaban , Fares Mahmoud
{"title":"‘How can I get there?’: Effects of road system destruction in the northeast of Aleppo governorate under war conditions","authors":"Fateh Shaban ,&nbsp;Fares Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46989,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies on Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Case Studies on Transport Policy
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1