Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/hsr.44.2019.1.160-187
Luka Jakelja, Florian Brugger
»Warum ändern sich Märkte? Einige konventionentheoretische Überlegungen zur Stabilität und zur Dynamik von Märkten«. This paper wants to develop a dynamic approach of markets. We take the economics of conventions (EC) as the basic theoretical framework and expand it regarding concepts, which help to answer the question under which circumstances markets are either (persistently) stable or (radically) dynamic. We introduce EC as a European research program focusing on uncertainty as the fundamental problem on markets. Then we develop the concept of market regimes to draw on some main pillars of the EC and at the same time to focus attention more, as it is usually the case, on the question why conventions are stable and why they change. We argue that usually markets are relatively stable; however, crises, exogenous factors, and divergent interpretations of quality on the individual level (dissatisfaction/critique of key actors) lead to change of conventions and consequently changing market regimes. Analytically, the existing regime fails to overcome uncertainty and establish market coordination. The empirical part of the paper illustrates the theoretical concepts with the case of a regional wine market where radical change led to the fall of the market convention and the rise of the domestic convention.
»Warum ändern sich Märkte?“传统理论研究Überlegungen zur Stabilität和动力学研究Märkten”。本文试图建立一种动态的市场分析方法。我们将惯例经济学(EC)作为基本的理论框架，并将其扩展到概念上，这有助于回答在哪种情况下市场是(持续)稳定的还是(激进)动态的问题。我们介绍欧共体作为一个欧洲的研究计划，重点是不确定性作为市场的基本问题。然后，我们发展了市场制度的概念，以借鉴欧共体的一些主要支柱，同时将注意力更多地集中在为什么惯例是稳定的以及为什么它们会变化的问题上，这通常是情况。我们认为市场通常是相对稳定的;然而，危机、外生因素和个人层面上对质量的不同解释(对关键行为者的不满/批评)导致了惯例的改变，从而改变了市场制度。分析认为，现行制度未能克服不确定性，建立市场协调机制。本文的实证部分以区域葡萄酒市场为例说明了理论概念，其中激进的变化导致了市场惯例的衰落和国内惯例的兴起。
{"title":"Why Do Markets Change? Some Conventionalist Considerations on the Stability and Dynamic of Markets","authors":"Luka Jakelja, Florian Brugger","doi":"10.12759/hsr.44.2019.1.160-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.44.2019.1.160-187","url":null,"abstract":"»Warum ändern sich Märkte? Einige konventionentheoretische Überlegungen zur Stabilität und zur Dynamik von Märkten«. This paper wants to develop a dynamic approach of markets. We take the economics of conventions (EC) as the basic theoretical framework and expand it regarding concepts, which help to answer the question under which circumstances markets are either (persistently) stable or (radically) dynamic. We introduce EC as a European research program focusing on uncertainty as the fundamental problem on markets. Then we develop the concept of market regimes to draw on some main pillars of the EC and at the same time to focus attention more, as it is usually the case, on the question why conventions are stable and why they change. We argue that usually markets are relatively stable; however, crises, exogenous factors, and divergent interpretations of quality on the individual level (dissatisfaction/critique of key actors) lead to change of conventions and consequently changing market regimes. Analytically, the existing regime fails to overcome uncertainty and establish market coordination. The empirical part of the paper illustrates the theoretical concepts with the case of a regional wine market where radical change led to the fall of the market convention and the rise of the domestic convention.","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"160-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66508845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.1.7-24
Rainer Diaz-Bone, O. Favereau
»Perspektiven der Economie des conventions auf Märkte, Organisationen und Recht. Eine Einleitung«. The article introduces the French approach of economics of convention (in short EC), presents some of its core concepts – as quality conventions – and introduces some of its perspectives on markets, organizations, and law. EC is characterized as a pragmatist institutionalism, which has conceptions of human agency, rationality, market, organization, state, and institution that make EC distinct from other established institutional approaches. EC continues structuralist perspectives and shows a growing interest in the social theory of Michel Foucault, who worked on power, dispositive, and discourse. This article sketches also some newer developments of EC’s research on markets, organizations, and law and offers an introductory frame for the other contributions of the HSR Special Issue. One focus of this special issue is to present contributions of members of the second and third generation of EC (as mostly formed at the University of Paris X – Nanterre) but also of an international group of scholars in the field, who apply EC to the analysis of markets, organizations and law.
{"title":"Perspectives of Economics of Convention on Markets, Organizations, and Law: An Introduction","authors":"Rainer Diaz-Bone, O. Favereau","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.1.7-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.1.7-24","url":null,"abstract":"»Perspektiven der Economie des conventions auf Märkte, Organisationen und Recht. Eine Einleitung«. The article introduces the French approach of economics of convention (in short EC), presents some of its core concepts – as quality conventions – and introduces some of its perspectives on markets, organizations, and law. EC is characterized as a pragmatist institutionalism, which has conceptions of human agency, rationality, market, organization, state, and institution that make EC distinct from other established institutional approaches. EC continues structuralist perspectives and shows a growing interest in the social theory of Michel Foucault, who worked on power, dispositive, and discourse. This article sketches also some newer developments of EC’s research on markets, organizations, and law and offers an introductory frame for the other contributions of the HSR Special Issue. One focus of this special issue is to present contributions of members of the second and third generation of EC (as mostly formed at the University of Paris X – Nanterre) but also of an international group of scholars in the field, who apply EC to the analysis of markets, organizations and law.","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"7-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66510606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.270-287
Anne Piezunka
»Kampf um Anerkennung Die Stabilisierung externer Schulinspektionen als Institution in Deutschland«. In the educational field, evaluations based on standardised indicators play a major role in the determination of evidence-based regulations. To have an effect within a policy field, evaluations based on standardised indicators have to become institutionalised. Nevertheless, very little is known about the strategies that actors apply to institutionalise their procedure and whether these strategies are successful. This paper explores the strategies that German school inspectorates use to maintain external evaluations based on standardised indicators as an institution. The paper draws on educational governance research and institutional work. By conducting expert interviews with staff members of school inspectorates, I show which strategies are used to increase the acceptance by school representatives. Two strategies can be identified: school inspectors try to make less judgements and focus on descriptions of what they have observed (strategy I), and school inspectors give school representatives a greater say when formulating expectations for schools (strategy II). From a governance perspective, these strategies mean that school representatives are perceived as equal partners. They also imply that school representatives do not have to give up any of their autonomy, which is also a necessary condition for the institutionalisation of school inspec-
{"title":"Struggle for Acceptance - Maintaining External School Evaluation as an Institution in Germany","authors":"Anne Piezunka","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.270-287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.270-287","url":null,"abstract":"»Kampf um Anerkennung Die Stabilisierung externer Schulinspektionen als Institution in Deutschland«. In the educational field, evaluations based on standardised indicators play a major role in the determination of evidence-based regulations. To have an effect within a policy field, evaluations based on standardised indicators have to become institutionalised. Nevertheless, very little is known about the strategies that actors apply to institutionalise their procedure and whether these strategies are successful. This paper explores the strategies that German school inspectorates use to maintain external evaluations based on standardised indicators as an institution. The paper draws on educational governance research and institutional work. By conducting expert interviews with staff members of school inspectorates, I show which strategies are used to increase the acceptance by school representatives. Two strategies can be identified: school inspectors try to make less judgements and focus on descriptions of what they have observed (strategy I), and school inspectors give school representatives a greater say when formulating expectations for schools (strategy II). From a governance perspective, these strategies mean that school representatives are perceived as equal partners. They also imply that school representatives do not have to give up any of their autonomy, which is also a necessary condition for the institutionalisation of school inspec-","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"270-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66510747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.247-269
Michael Huber, M. Hillebrandt
»‘Bezahlung für Versprechen‘ im Hochschulwesen: Der Einfluss des NPM auf die Ressourcenverteilung in deutschen Universitäten«. Quantification as a way to govern by numbers has colonised all sectors of modern societies. In the German higher education sector, a Performance-Based Resource Allocation scheme (commonly referred to as Leistungsorientierte Mittelverteilung – LOM for short) has steadily been developed since the 1990s. In an organisational context characterised by increasing international competition and internal differentiation, universities and their regulators have embraced the notion of smart resource allocation through performance indicators. At the same time, the sector has historically been characterised by a traditional cameralistic resource allocation mechanism, where the interactions between the main financiers (state governments), and beneficiaries (universities) were underpinned by a desire to ensure continuity and predictability. Based on empirical evidence, we outline how the university has transformed from a bureaucratic public service deliverer to an adaptable organisation that is supposed to learn from quantified information. This perspective allows for the discussion of quantification as a contemporary steering mechanism.
' Bezahlung fr Versprechen ' im Hochschulwesen: Der Einfluss des NPM auf die ressourcenverilung in deutschen Universitäten '。量化作为一种通过数字进行管理的方式，已经渗透到现代社会的各个领域。在德国高等教育部门，自20世纪90年代以来，一个基于绩效的资源分配方案(通常被称为Leistungsorientierte Mittelverteilung -简称LOM)一直在稳步发展。在国际竞争加剧和内部分化的组织背景下，大学及其监管机构已经接受了通过绩效指标进行智能资源配置的概念。与此同时，该部门历来以传统的照相机式资源分配机制为特征，主要出资者(州政府)和受益者(大学)之间的互动以确保连续性和可预测性的愿望为基础。基于经验证据，我们概述了大学如何从一个官僚的公共服务提供者转变为一个适应性强的组织，应该从量化信息中学习。这种观点允许将量化作为一种当代指导机制进行讨论。
{"title":"\"Pay for Promise\" in Higher Education: the Influence of NPM on Resource Allocation in German Universities","authors":"Michael Huber, M. Hillebrandt","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.247-269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.247-269","url":null,"abstract":"»‘Bezahlung für Versprechen‘ im Hochschulwesen: Der Einfluss des NPM auf die Ressourcenverteilung in deutschen Universitäten«. Quantification as a way to govern by numbers has colonised all sectors of modern societies. In the German higher education sector, a Performance-Based Resource Allocation scheme (commonly referred to as Leistungsorientierte Mittelverteilung – LOM for short) has steadily been developed since the 1990s. In an organisational context characterised by increasing international competition and internal differentiation, universities and their regulators have embraced the notion of smart resource allocation through performance indicators. At the same time, the sector has historically been characterised by a traditional cameralistic resource allocation mechanism, where the interactions between the main financiers (state governments), and beneficiaries (universities) were underpinned by a desire to ensure continuity and predictability. Based on empirical evidence, we outline how the university has transformed from a bureaucratic public service deliverer to an adaptable organisation that is supposed to learn from quantified information. This perspective allows for the discussion of quantification as a contemporary steering mechanism.","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"247-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66511122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.77-102
Rainer Diaz-Bone
»Statistischer Panoptismus und dessen Kritik«. The article develops the concept of statistical panopticism, thereby combining the French approach of economics of convention (EC) and Michel Foucault’s concept of panopticism. The differences between Foucault’s original notion of panopticism and statistical panopticism are emphasized. It is argued that statistical panopticism has been made possible by the enormous growth of quantification, datafication, linking, and centralization of numerical data production, data collection, and data analysis. This has been (mainly) realized by private enterprises and implemented in different social spheres but also in private situations. From the perspective of EC, quantification, big data, and statistical panopticism have to be related to the foundational conventions of data production (measurement) and data interpretation. Foucault has analyzed the neoliberal and indirect form of contemporary governance. Statistical panopticism works as a dispositive for this neoliberal form of governance. Its asymmetric and mainly invisible character is sketched. Also the critique and the deficiencies of critique of political and economic usages of numerical data and indicators are discussed.
{"title":"Statistical Panopticism and Its Critique","authors":"Rainer Diaz-Bone","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.77-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.77-102","url":null,"abstract":"»Statistischer Panoptismus und dessen Kritik«. The article develops the concept of statistical panopticism, thereby combining the French approach of economics of convention (EC) and Michel Foucault’s concept of panopticism. The differences between Foucault’s original notion of panopticism and statistical panopticism are emphasized. It is argued that statistical panopticism has been made possible by the enormous growth of quantification, datafication, linking, and centralization of numerical data production, data collection, and data analysis. This has been (mainly) realized by private enterprises and implemented in different social spheres but also in private situations. From the perspective of EC, quantification, big data, and statistical panopticism have to be related to the foundational conventions of data production (measurement) and data interpretation. Foucault has analyzed the neoliberal and indirect form of contemporary governance. Statistical panopticism works as a dispositive for this neoliberal form of governance. Its asymmetric and mainly invisible character is sketched. Also the critique and the deficiencies of critique of political and economic usages of numerical data and indicators are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"77-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66511557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/hsr.44.2019.1.119-135
Ariane Ghirardello
»Diskriminierung als eine Konvention: Eine Neubewertung des Effekts sozialer Intervention«. This article argues that the “standard approach” of the analysis of discrimination cannot easily explain the durability of discriminatory practices, which should “normally” disappear thanks to market forces. We propose an analysis of labor market discrimination using the concept of convention. First, our convention-based explanation tries to characterize discrimination as an arbitrary, automatic, conformist, and self-enforcing behavior. Second, using the French institutional approach of economics of convention, we can define discrimination as an illegitimate practice. This implies that, because discrimination is stable in the long run and unfair, legislation and policy, as well as affirmative action, are useful. This new approach to the economic analysis of discrimination also changes the interrelation(s) of markets, firms,
“Diskriminierung - aline convention: eineneubewertung des effects社会化干预”。本文认为，分析歧视的“标准方法”不能轻易解释歧视做法的持久性，歧视做法“通常”应该由于市场力量而消失。我们建议使用惯例的概念对劳动力市场歧视进行分析。首先，我们基于惯例的解释试图将歧视描述为一种武断的、自动的、顺从的和自我强制的行为。其次，使用法国惯例经济学的制度方法，我们可以将歧视定义为一种非法的做法。这意味着，由于歧视从长远来看是稳定的和不公平的，立法和政策以及平权行动是有用的。这种对歧视进行经济分析的新方法也改变了市场、公司、
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.1.285-307
Mitchell R. Faust, Jürgen Kädtler
»Das (nicht ganz) finanzialisierte Unternehmen. Ein konzeptioneller Vorschlag«. Against the background of financialization being applied as a sort of catch-all category for corporate reorganization and especially the deterioration of labor and working conditions the paper presents the concept of the “multi-referential enterprise.“ Capital market expectations put established labor relations under a new pressure, but competing ideas remain relevant as a reference in both institutional reform processes and everyday decision making at firm level, including labor relations. Respective power positions also depend on rights anchored in labor law, collective bargaining, and labor market regulations as well as on what happens to sources of primary power of the respective workforce due to labor market conditions, technological change, and pressures from value chain reorganization and globalization. Hence, what unions and works councils eventually have to concede in negotiations is not just a matter of the degree of financialization but of a variety of other structurations of the field and respective companies.
{"title":"The (Not Entirely) Financialized Enterprise - A Conceptual Proposal","authors":"Mitchell R. Faust, Jürgen Kädtler","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.1.285-307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.1.285-307","url":null,"abstract":"»Das (nicht ganz) finanzialisierte Unternehmen. Ein konzeptioneller Vorschlag«. Against the background of financialization being applied as a sort of catch-all category for corporate reorganization and especially the deterioration of labor and working conditions the paper presents the concept of the “multi-referential enterprise.“ Capital market expectations put established labor relations under a new pressure, but competing ideas remain relevant as a reference in both institutional reform processes and everyday decision making at firm level, including labor relations. Respective power positions also depend on rights anchored in labor law, collective bargaining, and labor market regulations as well as on what happens to sources of primary power of the respective workforce due to labor market conditions, technological change, and pressures from value chain reorganization and globalization. Hence, what unions and works councils eventually have to concede in negotiations is not just a matter of the degree of financialization but of a variety of other structurations of the field and respective companies.","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"285-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66510360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.288-312
Philipp H. Lepenies
»Transformation durch Zahlen, die zählen Fortschritt, Partizipation und die nationalen Initiativen zur Festlegung von Wohlfahrtsindikatoren«. The goal of governments is to enhance the well-being of their citizens. In the aftermath of World War II, national product (be it gross national or gross domestic) and its rate of growth were seen as a proxy indicator to measure well-being – making economic growth doubtless the most powerful political indicator in history. Yet, in light of the negative effects of growth such as climate change and due to methodological progress in measuring well-being or happiness, governments have begun to reconsider the belief that growth automatically leads to improved well-being. The Sustainable Development Goals of 2015 underline a universal desire to “transform our world” and the fact that this transformation is to be done with the help of alternative statistical indicators. In the last decade, a number of national governments have embarked on a largely unnoticed, but revolutionary OECD-driven endeavor: to fix national alternative measures of well-being “beyond GDP”, to decide in a participatory manner which indicators matter to people and to discuss which new or adapted notion of progress is valid in the 21st century. This paper will highlight a number of these national cases and analyze the context in which these initiatives evolved. It will be shown that although revolutionary in their aspirations, many initiatives do not live up to their expectations. This has to do with the manner in which they were executed, with the political unwillingness to really consider alternatives to GDP and to allow broad participation. But it might also show that the expectations regarding the power of indicators to guide policies might
{"title":"Transforming by Metrics that Matter - Progress, Participation, and the National Initiatives of Fixing Well-Being Indicators","authors":"Philipp H. Lepenies","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.288-312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.2.288-312","url":null,"abstract":"»Transformation durch Zahlen, die zählen Fortschritt, Partizipation und die nationalen Initiativen zur Festlegung von Wohlfahrtsindikatoren«. The goal of governments is to enhance the well-being of their citizens. In the aftermath of World War II, national product (be it gross national or gross domestic) and its rate of growth were seen as a proxy indicator to measure well-being – making economic growth doubtless the most powerful political indicator in history. Yet, in light of the negative effects of growth such as climate change and due to methodological progress in measuring well-being or happiness, governments have begun to reconsider the belief that growth automatically leads to improved well-being. The Sustainable Development Goals of 2015 underline a universal desire to “transform our world” and the fact that this transformation is to be done with the help of alternative statistical indicators. In the last decade, a number of national governments have embarked on a largely unnoticed, but revolutionary OECD-driven endeavor: to fix national alternative measures of well-being “beyond GDP”, to decide in a participatory manner which indicators matter to people and to discuss which new or adapted notion of progress is valid in the 21st century. This paper will highlight a number of these national cases and analyze the context in which these initiatives evolved. It will be shown that although revolutionary in their aspirations, many initiatives do not live up to their expectations. This has to do with the manner in which they were executed, with the political unwillingness to really consider alternatives to GDP and to allow broad participation. But it might also show that the expectations regarding the power of indicators to guide policies might","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"288-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66510801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.4.269-292
Young-mi Kwon, Juhwa Park
»Frieden durch Kooperation oder Frieden durch Stärke? Wie Frieden in einer renitenten Konfliktgesellschaft erreicht werden kann«. The Korean War, having started on June 25, 1950, has never formally ended. As the two Koreas are technically still at war, the conflict on the Korean Peninsula has become intractable. The goal of this study is to explore the attitudes of South Koreans living in the intractable conflict about how to achieve peace. To fulfill this goal, we conducted a nation-wide survey to investigate attitudes toward militant and cooperative internationalism. We also measured various variables involved with the intractable conflict. Our results indicate that the value of international harmony and equality as well as attitudes toward peace are the best predictors of cooperative internationalism, while the value of international harmony and equality as well as the attitudes toward war were the strongest predictors of militant internationalism. Our results also suggest that the tendency to regard inter-Korean relations as zero-sum relations and the attitudes toward peace mediated the relationship between international harmony and cooperative internationalism, while the zero-sum perception and attitudes toward war on the Korean Peninsula mediated the same value factor and the cooperative internationalism. Possible implications are discussed.
»Frieden durch合作订单Frieden durch Stärke?“我们的朋友在任何地方都有可能成为我们的朋友。”朝鲜战争于1950年6月25日开始，从未正式结束。从技术上讲，朝韩两国仍处于战争状态，朝鲜半岛的冲突变得棘手起来。本研究的目的是探讨生活在棘手冲突中的韩国人对如何实现和平的态度。为了实现这一目标，我们在全国范围内进行了一项调查，调查人们对战斗与合作国际主义的态度。我们还测量了与棘手冲突有关的各种变量。研究结果表明，国际和谐平等价值观和和平态度是合作国际主义的最佳预测因子，而国际和谐平等价值观和战争态度是战斗国际主义的最强预测因子。将南北关系视为零和关系的倾向和对和平的态度在国际和谐与合作国际主义之间起中介作用，而对朝鲜半岛战争的零和感知和态度在同一价值因素与合作国际主义之间起中介作用。讨论了可能的影响。
{"title":"Peace through Cooperation or Peace through Strength? How to Achieve Peace in the Very Intractable Conflict Society","authors":"Young-mi Kwon, Juhwa Park","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.4.269-292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.4.269-292","url":null,"abstract":"»Frieden durch Kooperation oder Frieden durch Stärke? Wie Frieden in einer renitenten Konfliktgesellschaft erreicht werden kann«. The Korean War, having started on June 25, 1950, has never formally ended. As the two Koreas are technically still at war, the conflict on the Korean Peninsula has become intractable. The goal of this study is to explore the attitudes of South Koreans living in the intractable conflict about how to achieve peace. To fulfill this goal, we conducted a nation-wide survey to investigate attitudes toward militant and cooperative internationalism. We also measured various variables involved with the intractable conflict. Our results indicate that the value of international harmony and equality as well as attitudes toward peace are the best predictors of cooperative internationalism, while the value of international harmony and equality as well as the attitudes toward war were the strongest predictors of militant internationalism. Our results also suggest that the tendency to regard inter-Korean relations as zero-sum relations and the attitudes toward peace mediated the relationship between international harmony and cooperative internationalism, while the zero-sum perception and attitudes toward war on the Korean Peninsula mediated the same value factor and the cooperative internationalism. Possible implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"269-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66511189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.12759/HSR.44.2019.4.308-324
Jin-Heon Jung, Eun-Jeung Lee
{"title":"Division and unification: seen through the eyes of Korean migrants in Berlin","authors":"Jin-Heon Jung, Eun-Jeung Lee","doi":"10.12759/HSR.44.2019.4.308-324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12759/HSR.44.2019.4.308-324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47073,"journal":{"name":"Historical Social Research-Historische Sozialforschung","volume":"44 1","pages":"308-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66511247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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