B. Ariel, A. Sutherland, D. Weisburd, Yonatan Ilan, Matthew Bland
Substantial evidence suggests that focussing police resources on hotspots of crime has a discernable crime-reduction effect. However, little is known about the efficacy of proactively policing areas with higher concentrations of more common low-harm problems in society. This study evaluates the first national double-blind randomized controlled trial in which clearly identifiable hotspots (n = 488) of low-harm ‘quality-of-life’ incidents nested in 31 participating police stations were randomized to be either actively policed by any available police officer or by ‘business-as-usual’ reactive policing over a 12-month period. A series of count-based regression models show a moderate and statistically significant reduction in the number of quality-of-life incidents in treatment versus control hotspots, with more than 2,000 quality-of-life incidents prevented, without evidence of spatial displacement to street segments nearby. However, we find no diffusion of benefits in terms of other crime types within the same hotspots, which may suggest that either low- and high-harm crime hotspots are not spatially aligned with each other, that focussing police officers on one type of crime does not produce a suppression effect on other types of crime, or both. We discuss the implications of these results for crime policy and future research.
{"title":"Can the police cool down quality-of-life hotspots? A double-blind national randomized control trial of policing low-harm hotspots","authors":"B. Ariel, A. Sutherland, D. Weisburd, Yonatan Ilan, Matthew Bland","doi":"10.1093/police/paad040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Substantial evidence suggests that focussing police resources on hotspots of crime has a discernable crime-reduction effect. However, little is known about the efficacy of proactively policing areas with higher concentrations of more common low-harm problems in society. This study evaluates the first national double-blind randomized controlled trial in which clearly identifiable hotspots (n = 488) of low-harm ‘quality-of-life’ incidents nested in 31 participating police stations were randomized to be either actively policed by any available police officer or by ‘business-as-usual’ reactive policing over a 12-month period. A series of count-based regression models show a moderate and statistically significant reduction in the number of quality-of-life incidents in treatment versus control hotspots, with more than 2,000 quality-of-life incidents prevented, without evidence of spatial displacement to street segments nearby. However, we find no diffusion of benefits in terms of other crime types within the same hotspots, which may suggest that either low- and high-harm crime hotspots are not spatially aligned with each other, that focussing police officers on one type of crime does not produce a suppression effect on other types of crime, or both. We discuss the implications of these results for crime policy and future research.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49144571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents a tailored research tool developed to explore and test the recent theory of deeply embedded core normative values, which asserts that beliefs about the legitimacy of law-enforcement authorities derive in part from profound cultural orientations through which individuals act in and interpret the world. The model is based on a typology of four core normative value systems, namely religious–traditional, liberal, republican–communitarian, and ethno-national, which are associated in different ways with legitimacy. We first conducted in-depth interviews with 45 participants to develop the research tool (questionnaire), then performed a large-scale representative survey among 1,617 Israeli respondents. The findings support the main premises of the model. They show that liberal, republican–communitarian, and religious–traditional values have significant associations with two measures of legitimacy (trust and obligation to obey the police), and that these associations generally hold beyond perceptions of police conduct and performance.
{"title":"Deeply embedded core normative values and their relationship with perceptions of legitimacy","authors":"Roni Factor, Yoav Mehozay","doi":"10.1093/police/paad027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents a tailored research tool developed to explore and test the recent theory of deeply embedded core normative values, which asserts that beliefs about the legitimacy of law-enforcement authorities derive in part from profound cultural orientations through which individuals act in and interpret the world. The model is based on a typology of four core normative value systems, namely religious–traditional, liberal, republican–communitarian, and ethno-national, which are associated in different ways with legitimacy. We first conducted in-depth interviews with 45 participants to develop the research tool (questionnaire), then performed a large-scale representative survey among 1,617 Israeli respondents. The findings support the main premises of the model. They show that liberal, republican–communitarian, and religious–traditional values have significant associations with two measures of legitimacy (trust and obligation to obey the police), and that these associations generally hold beyond perceptions of police conduct and performance.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47156877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
قد تكون إدارة المعرفة المستخلصة وفعاليتها حافزًامحتملاً لتحقيق أهداف المشروع لتحقيق النجاح والسرعة الأمثل، أو قد تكون سببًارئيسيًا لفشل المشروع عندما تتم إدارة المعرفة بشكل غير كافٍ. تطرقت الأبحاث العلمية الحديثة إلى عدم تسهيل تطبيق آليات إدارة المعرفة في جميع مراحل المشروع بسبب الوضع المؤقت للمشروعات وكذلك أوجه القصور في تطبيق مفهوم المساءلة بين المتخصصين. تتناول هذه الورقة عنصرًاواحدًا من مشروع بحثي أوسع يتم تنفيذه مع شرطة أبو ظبي لتحديد العوامل التمكينية والعوائق التي تحول دون إدارة المعرفة في مشاريع الشرطة. كان البحث نوعيًا بطبيعته وركز بشكل مباشر على معالجة آليات وطرق دمج المعرفة الإدارية لتحسين نجاح المشروع وتطوير قدرة رأس المال البشري في العمل الشرطي. حددت نتائج البحث تسعة عوامل تمكينية تدعم إدارة المعرفة الناجحة في المشاريع الشرطية: سياسة لإدارة المعرفة، والقيادة المؤسسية لدعم التواصل المفتوح والتحفيز، تسليط الضوء على قيمة إدارة المعرفة، ربط محتوى إدارة المعرفة بتوصيف الوظائف، إنشاء قنوات محددة للتواصل مع المعنيين في المشروع، الموارد التكنولوجية الكافية، أنظمة الاتصال لإدارة المعرفة بين الفرق في مواقع منفصلة، تمكين التفاعل الاجتماعي لتسهيل عملية إدارة المعرفة في العمليات اليومية، تطبيق عمليات التقييم والقياس في استخدام الشبكات الاجتماعية لإدارة المعرفة.
{"title":"تحديد عوامل التمكين والمعوقات لإدارة المعرفة في المؤسسة الشرطية. دراسة حالة لشرطة أبو ظبي","authors":"محمد عبيد الظنحاني, شماء النقبي","doi":"10.1093/police/paac091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paac091","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 قد تكون إدارة المعرفة المستخلصة وفعاليتها حافزًامحتملاً لتحقيق أهداف المشروع لتحقيق النجاح والسرعة الأمثل، أو قد تكون سببًارئيسيًا لفشل المشروع عندما تتم إدارة المعرفة بشكل غير كافٍ. تطرقت الأبحاث العلمية الحديثة إلى عدم تسهيل تطبيق آليات إدارة المعرفة في جميع مراحل المشروع بسبب الوضع المؤقت للمشروعات وكذلك أوجه القصور في تطبيق مفهوم المساءلة بين المتخصصين. تتناول هذه الورقة عنصرًاواحدًا من مشروع بحثي أوسع يتم تنفيذه مع شرطة أبو ظبي لتحديد العوامل التمكينية والعوائق التي تحول دون إدارة المعرفة في مشاريع الشرطة. كان البحث نوعيًا بطبيعته وركز بشكل مباشر على معالجة آليات وطرق دمج المعرفة الإدارية لتحسين نجاح المشروع وتطوير قدرة رأس المال البشري في العمل الشرطي. حددت نتائج البحث تسعة عوامل تمكينية تدعم إدارة المعرفة الناجحة في المشاريع الشرطية: سياسة لإدارة المعرفة، والقيادة المؤسسية لدعم التواصل المفتوح والتحفيز، تسليط الضوء على قيمة إدارة المعرفة، ربط محتوى إدارة المعرفة بتوصيف الوظائف، إنشاء قنوات محددة للتواصل مع المعنيين في المشروع، الموارد التكنولوجية الكافية، أنظمة الاتصال لإدارة المعرفة بين الفرق في مواقع منفصلة، تمكين التفاعل الاجتماعي لتسهيل عملية إدارة المعرفة في العمليات اليومية، تطبيق عمليات التقييم والقياس في استخدام الشبكات الاجتماعية لإدارة المعرفة.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42123097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. P. Peacock, S. Ivković, Yuning Wu, I. Sun, Marijan Vinogradac, V. P. Vinogradac
As police organizational justice research continues to mature, this article examines whether an asymmetry exists between positive and negative supervisory experiences on officer perceptions of police performance. The study builds on new theoretical developments in organizational justice that argues for better capturing the independent roles of just and unjust supervisory behaviour. A generally held, but untested, view in the organizational behaviour literature suggests a negative bias: perceptions of unjust supervisors affect employee outcomes more than those viewed as procedurally just. This cross-national test of the impact of supervisory procedural justice finds the existence of a strong positive bias across officer attitudes on police-citizen interactions and rule compliance. Specifically, officer perceptions of just supervisors have a greater influence on officer attitudes toward procedural justice, procedural injustice, and rule compliance in their interactions with the public.
{"title":"The Surprising Positive Asymmetry in the Impact of Organizational Justice on Police Outcomes","authors":"R. P. Peacock, S. Ivković, Yuning Wu, I. Sun, Marijan Vinogradac, V. P. Vinogradac","doi":"10.1093/police/paad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As police organizational justice research continues to mature, this article examines whether an asymmetry exists between positive and negative supervisory experiences on officer perceptions of police performance. The study builds on new theoretical developments in organizational justice that argues for better capturing the independent roles of just and unjust supervisory behaviour. A generally held, but untested, view in the organizational behaviour literature suggests a negative bias: perceptions of unjust supervisors affect employee outcomes more than those viewed as procedurally just. This cross-national test of the impact of supervisory procedural justice finds the existence of a strong positive bias across officer attitudes on police-citizen interactions and rule compliance. Specifically, officer perceptions of just supervisors have a greater influence on officer attitudes toward procedural justice, procedural injustice, and rule compliance in their interactions with the public.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42981067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study argues that the dichotomy of instrumental-versus-normative motives in mainstream policing literature can mislead the ways in which police effectiveness and procedural justice shape people’s judgments about the police. Effective policing may be important even for individuals who do not directly benefit from it, while procedurally just policing can bring instrumental benefits, particularly for underprivileged social groups. We propose an alternative framework that characterizes police effectiveness and procedural justice as competing public values, of which the salience depends on political dynamics that vary across time and space. We explored the South Korean case where advocates for effective crime control and procedural justice are vying without one side decisively outweighing the other. Analysis of a representative cross-sectional survey shows that people’s perceptions of police effectiveness and procedural justice are both positively associated with trust in the police which, in turn, is positively associated with willingness for voluntary compliance and cooperation. Broader implications for theory and policy are discussed.
{"title":"Police Effectiveness and Procedural Justice as Competing Public Values: Moving Beyond the Instrumental-Versus-Normative Model of Police Legitimacy","authors":"Chongmin Na, Seulki Lee, Inkyu Kang","doi":"10.1093/police/paad025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study argues that the dichotomy of instrumental-versus-normative motives in mainstream policing literature can mislead the ways in which police effectiveness and procedural justice shape people’s judgments about the police. Effective policing may be important even for individuals who do not directly benefit from it, while procedurally just policing can bring instrumental benefits, particularly for underprivileged social groups. We propose an alternative framework that characterizes police effectiveness and procedural justice as competing public values, of which the salience depends on political dynamics that vary across time and space. We explored the South Korean case where advocates for effective crime control and procedural justice are vying without one side decisively outweighing the other. Analysis of a representative cross-sectional survey shows that people’s perceptions of police effectiveness and procedural justice are both positively associated with trust in the police which, in turn, is positively associated with willingness for voluntary compliance and cooperation. Broader implications for theory and policy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46489382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberta Signori, D. P. Heinrich, Andrew B. Wootton, C. Davey
Community policing prioritises building positive relationships between police officers and local communities. The approach focuses on working with communities to identify and address the causes of crime and disorder, rather than just reacting to calls for service. Officer’s continuity in community policing has been a concern, with calls for greater consistency in the posting of officers to local neighbourhoods. Through the Cutting Crime Impact (CCI) project, Greater Manchester Police (GMP) identified that when community police officers leave their post, knowledge and relationships they've built with the community are lost. This jeopardises citizens' trust and perceptions of the police. To preserve the important connections that community policing officers build in their neighbourhoods, GMP adopted a human-centred design approach to research and develop a novel handover protocol. This work has enabled development of a conceptual framework for 'relational continuity' in community policing, inspired by research into therapeutic relationships in health care disciplines.
{"title":"Relational continuity in community policing: Insights from a human-centred design perspective","authors":"Roberta Signori, D. P. Heinrich, Andrew B. Wootton, C. Davey","doi":"10.1093/police/paad038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Community policing prioritises building positive relationships between police officers and local communities. The approach focuses on working with communities to identify and address the causes of crime and disorder, rather than just reacting to calls for service. Officer’s continuity in community policing has been a concern, with calls for greater consistency in the posting of officers to local neighbourhoods. Through the Cutting Crime Impact (CCI) project, Greater Manchester Police (GMP) identified that when community police officers leave their post, knowledge and relationships they've built with the community are lost. This jeopardises citizens' trust and perceptions of the police. To preserve the important connections that community policing officers build in their neighbourhoods, GMP adopted a human-centred design approach to research and develop a novel handover protocol. This work has enabled development of a conceptual framework for 'relational continuity' in community policing, inspired by research into therapeutic relationships in health care disciplines.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46490428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Police decisions to arrest and disperse protestors, displaying anti monarch rhetoric during the funeral cortege of Queen Elizabeth ii, has questioned the right to freedom of expression under the Human Rights Act 1998. This presents a potential problem around public perception of police impartiality. This paper utilises an online questionnaire, with the aim of establishing views of youths aged 18 to 23 years old, as a sample of Generation Z, around police actions at the scene. It reviews whether restrictions towards freedom of speech, have negatively impacted upon perceptions of police impartiality. The hypothesis is that the participants will perceive freedom of speech as highly important, with restrictions to this right, damaging the concept of police impartiality. Findings highlight how participants acknowledge the importance of freedom of speech for democracy. However, there was doubt shown around whether police actions which appeared to restrict this right, impacted upon police impartiality.
{"title":"Policing the blank page movement: Insights from policing students, as a cohort of representatives of Generation Z","authors":"Allison Turner","doi":"10.1093/police/paad029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Police decisions to arrest and disperse protestors, displaying anti monarch rhetoric during the funeral cortege of Queen Elizabeth ii, has questioned the right to freedom of expression under the Human Rights Act 1998. This presents a potential problem around public perception of police impartiality. This paper utilises an online questionnaire, with the aim of establishing views of youths aged 18 to 23 years old, as a sample of Generation Z, around police actions at the scene. It reviews whether restrictions towards freedom of speech, have negatively impacted upon perceptions of police impartiality. The hypothesis is that the participants will perceive freedom of speech as highly important, with restrictions to this right, damaging the concept of police impartiality. Findings highlight how participants acknowledge the importance of freedom of speech for democracy. However, there was doubt shown around whether police actions which appeared to restrict this right, impacted upon police impartiality.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48068111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ركز العالم في عام 2020 جهودَه على التصدي للتحديات الإنسانية التي واجهت العالم إثر تفشي جائحة كوفيد-19، حيث واجه مجتمع التعليم حول العالم تحديات مماثلة في إظهار مدى المرونة والابتكار لدعم مستوى “الحياة الطبيعية” للطلاب على جميع المستويات والمهن. يعرض البحث المقدم في هذه المقالة نظرة فاحصة عن إعداد ونشر عملية الانتقال التعليمي لطلاب الشرطة سواء التعليم وجهًا لوجه أو عن بُعد في بيئة لم تعتد في الماضي على تلقي التعلم عن بُعد. وتشير النتائج إلى أن الاهتمام الحاسم الذي يولى إلى الانتقال إلى التعليم عن بعد ليس فقط في تقديم المادة العلمية -لكلٍ من الطلاب وأعضاء هيئة التدريس- كان اهتمامًامحوريًا في تحقيق نتائج تعلم إيجابية لدى الطلاب. إن نهج الانتقال إلى بيئة التعلم عن بُعد والحصول على أكثر البيانات الشائعة التي تشير إلى الحد الأدنى من التأثير على مدى تحصيل الطلاب يُساهم في اتخاذ القرار لدى مؤسسات التعليم التي تركز على تطوير متخصصي الجاهزية مثل ضباط الشرطة.
{"title":"عليم متخصصي شرطة المستقبل وسط كوفيد -19 من منظور الإمارات العربية المتحدة","authors":"الشريفين امي, ديفيز أماندا","doi":"10.1093/police/paac089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paac089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 ركز العالم في عام 2020 جهودَه على التصدي للتحديات الإنسانية التي واجهت العالم إثر تفشي جائحة كوفيد-19، حيث واجه مجتمع التعليم حول العالم تحديات مماثلة في إظهار مدى المرونة والابتكار لدعم مستوى “الحياة الطبيعية” للطلاب على جميع المستويات والمهن. يعرض البحث المقدم في هذه المقالة نظرة فاحصة عن إعداد ونشر عملية الانتقال التعليمي لطلاب الشرطة سواء التعليم وجهًا لوجه أو عن بُعد في بيئة لم تعتد في الماضي على تلقي التعلم عن بُعد. وتشير النتائج إلى أن الاهتمام الحاسم الذي يولى إلى الانتقال إلى التعليم عن بعد ليس فقط في تقديم المادة العلمية -لكلٍ من الطلاب وأعضاء هيئة التدريس- كان اهتمامًامحوريًا في تحقيق نتائج تعلم إيجابية لدى الطلاب. إن نهج الانتقال إلى بيئة التعلم عن بُعد والحصول على أكثر البيانات الشائعة التي تشير إلى الحد الأدنى من التأثير على مدى تحصيل الطلاب يُساهم في اتخاذ القرار لدى مؤسسات التعليم التي تركز على تطوير متخصصي الجاهزية مثل ضباط الشرطة.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61072228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernanda Novaes Cruz, André Rodrigues de Oliveira, Frederico Castelo Branco, V. Cubas
Studies on police institutions have argued that the internal treatment given to agents contributes to define how these agents will treat the communities to which they provide services. Brazil’s main police force has a military structure and formal ties with the Armed Forces. These military characteristics include career structure, regulations, manuals, and disciplinary regiments either copied or adapted from the Army. In this work, we analyse data from a survey applied to 298 military police officers stationed in the city of São Paulo. Using Structural Equation Modelling, we analysed whether, among the police officers who answered a Disciplinary Administrative Proceeding, their evaluation of having been granted the right to speak, treated with respect during the process, and a fair outcome at the end impact their perceptions about their relationship with peers, superiors, and their views on organizational justice. Our findings reveal that respectful treatment during the proceeding was more important than a favourable outcome, and the perception of having been treated with respect during the Disciplinary Administrative Proceeding positively impacts their views about their superiors and organizational justice. These findings help us to reflect on the impacts of the militarization of Public Security on internal relationships as well as the importance of procedural justice within this context.
{"title":"The impact of administrative disciplinary proceedings on military police officers in São Paulo","authors":"Fernanda Novaes Cruz, André Rodrigues de Oliveira, Frederico Castelo Branco, V. Cubas","doi":"10.1093/police/paad046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studies on police institutions have argued that the internal treatment given to agents contributes to define how these agents will treat the communities to which they provide services. Brazil’s main police force has a military structure and formal ties with the Armed Forces. These military characteristics include career structure, regulations, manuals, and disciplinary regiments either copied or adapted from the Army. In this work, we analyse data from a survey applied to 298 military police officers stationed in the city of São Paulo. Using Structural Equation Modelling, we analysed whether, among the police officers who answered a Disciplinary Administrative Proceeding, their evaluation of having been granted the right to speak, treated with respect during the process, and a fair outcome at the end impact their perceptions about their relationship with peers, superiors, and their views on organizational justice. Our findings reveal that respectful treatment during the proceeding was more important than a favourable outcome, and the perception of having been treated with respect during the Disciplinary Administrative Proceeding positively impacts their views about their superiors and organizational justice. These findings help us to reflect on the impacts of the militarization of Public Security on internal relationships as well as the importance of procedural justice within this context.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48700975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer D. Wood, Elizabeth R. Groff, Dijonée Talley
This study mined officers’ perspectives on whether body-worn cameras (BWCs) could change the behaviour of citizens and police. Officers reinforced themes from prior studies on the professionalizing effect of BWCs, the potential for passivity, and the concern with ‘second-guessing’. Officers also stressed the theme of ‘it depends’, where behaviour change is contingent on the citizen, the situation, and the officer. Findings resonated with the concept of police encounters as two-way social interactions and related insights from regulation scholarship on ‘motivational posturing’. Results underscore the need for more observational studies (including ethnographies and systematic social observations) that identify the variety of encounters and settings where BWC activation might alter behavioural norms and encounter dynamics. Relatedly, BWC footage could be mined to inform reviews of everyday police work that identify the unique ways in which BWC activation could be leveraged to change behaviour in a variety of situations with different posturing dynamics. Policymakers should emphasize the complexity of the implementation environments surrounding the uptake of BWCs and other technology, with a view to encouraging research that measures the many dimensions of officers’ perceptions. Understanding the place and role of BWCs within the contexts of officers’ holistic experiences should help policymakers understand both the limits and potential of cameras to change everyday policing.
{"title":"‘It depends’: Officer insights on the potential for body-worn cameras to change police and citizen behaviour","authors":"Jennifer D. Wood, Elizabeth R. Groff, Dijonée Talley","doi":"10.1093/police/paad024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paad024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study mined officers’ perspectives on whether body-worn cameras (BWCs) could change the behaviour of citizens and police. Officers reinforced themes from prior studies on the professionalizing effect of BWCs, the potential for passivity, and the concern with ‘second-guessing’. Officers also stressed the theme of ‘it depends’, where behaviour change is contingent on the citizen, the situation, and the officer. Findings resonated with the concept of police encounters as two-way social interactions and related insights from regulation scholarship on ‘motivational posturing’. Results underscore the need for more observational studies (including ethnographies and systematic social observations) that identify the variety of encounters and settings where BWC activation might alter behavioural norms and encounter dynamics. Relatedly, BWC footage could be mined to inform reviews of everyday police work that identify the unique ways in which BWC activation could be leveraged to change behaviour in a variety of situations with different posturing dynamics. Policymakers should emphasize the complexity of the implementation environments surrounding the uptake of BWCs and other technology, with a view to encouraging research that measures the many dimensions of officers’ perceptions. Understanding the place and role of BWCs within the contexts of officers’ holistic experiences should help policymakers understand both the limits and potential of cameras to change everyday policing.","PeriodicalId":47186,"journal":{"name":"Policing-A Journal of Policy and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46335826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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