Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230081
Y.C. Li, H.C. Yang, J.M. Zhang, G.J. Wang, W.B. Gong, J.J. Tian, H.Y. Li, K. Zhang, Y. Xia, Z.F. Li, J. Xie, E.M. Yu
This study estimated the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with defatted Periplaneta americana meal (PAM) on the growth, antioxidant status, immunity, and hepatic and intestinal health of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Five diets were formulated by replacing 0% (PAM0), 25% (PAM25), 50% (PAM50), 75% (PAM75), and 100% (PAM100) of FM, and then fed to triplicate groups of 15 fish (10.58 ± 0.73 g) for 60 days. The results indicated that growth and feed utilisation were increased in the PAM25 group while decreased in the PAM100 group (). The PAM diets positively influenced serum biochemical parameters. Furthermore, the PAM25 diet enhanced the intestinal protease activity compared to the PAM0 diet (), ameliorating the hepatic and intestinal morphology. In terms of gene expression, PAM25 diet increased the expression levels of growth hormone and growth hormone receptor () compared to the PAM0 diet. The expression of antioxidant genes was enhanced in the liver and intestine in fish fed PAM25, PAM50, and/or PAM75 diets. The intestinal caspase-3 expression was downregulated (PAM25), while the caspase-9 expression was upregulated in the liver and intestine (PAM75 and PAM100) (). The PAM diets also decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factor genes, including () (PAM25 and PAM50) in the liver and (PAM25) and interleukin-8 (PAM50) in the head kidney, and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factor genes such as tumor necrosis factor-α (PAM25) in the liver and head kidney and interleukin-10 () (PAM25 and PAM50) in the head kidney (). Overall, these results demonstrated that about 31% replacement of FM (31.58% and 31.93%) with PAM resulted in the best growth performance; However, the FM replacement above 50% declined growth, antioxidant capability, immunity, and hepatic and intestinal health of Nile tilapia.
{"title":"Effects of dietary defatted Periplaneta americana meal on the growth, antioxidant status, immunity, hepatic and intestinal health of Nile tilapia","authors":"Y.C. Li, H.C. Yang, J.M. Zhang, G.J. Wang, W.B. Gong, J.J. Tian, H.Y. Li, K. Zhang, Y. Xia, Z.F. Li, J. Xie, E.M. Yu","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230081","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimated the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with defatted Periplaneta americana meal (PAM) on the growth, antioxidant status, immunity, and hepatic and intestinal health of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Five diets were formulated by replacing 0% (PAM0), 25% (PAM25), 50% (PAM50), 75% (PAM75), and 100% (PAM100) of FM, and then fed to triplicate groups of 15 fish (10.58 ± 0.73 g) for 60 days. The results indicated that growth and feed utilisation were increased in the PAM25 group while decreased in the PAM100 group (). The PAM diets positively influenced serum biochemical parameters. Furthermore, the PAM25 diet enhanced the intestinal protease activity compared to the PAM0 diet (), ameliorating the hepatic and intestinal morphology. In terms of gene expression, PAM25 diet increased the expression levels of growth hormone and growth hormone receptor () compared to the PAM0 diet. The expression of antioxidant genes was enhanced in the liver and intestine in fish fed PAM25, PAM50, and/or PAM75 diets. The intestinal caspase-3 expression was downregulated (PAM25), while the caspase-9 expression was upregulated in the liver and intestine (PAM75 and PAM100) (). The PAM diets also decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factor genes, including () (PAM25 and PAM50) in the liver and (PAM25) and interleukin-8 (PAM50) in the head kidney, and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factor genes such as tumor necrosis factor-α (PAM25) in the liver and head kidney and interleukin-10 () (PAM25 and PAM50) in the head kidney (). Overall, these results demonstrated that about 31% replacement of FM (31.58% and 31.93%) with PAM resulted in the best growth performance; However, the FM replacement above 50% declined growth, antioxidant capability, immunity, and hepatic and intestinal health of Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139338303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230100
E. Phuah, Y. Lee, T. Tang, S.A. Lim, M. Rambli
Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), the larva stage of darkling beetle, confers high nutritional and functional protein and it can serve as a sustainable protein source. The present study therefore evaluated the effect of replacing the egg yolk as emulsifier with yellow mealworm protein hydrolysate powder (YMPH) (0-100%) at 20% increment levels on the rheological and textural properties, colour attributes, emulsion microstructure and storage stability of mayonnaise. The emulsion stability results demonstrated that mayonnaise with up to 60% substitution of YMPH displayed excellent storage stability for 3 weeks (<2% phase separation). In terms of textural properties, all samples showed no significant difference () in firmness whereas consistency decreased steadily with increasing YMPH concentration levels. Microstructure observation of all mayonnaise formulations demonstrated a gradual increase in oil droplet size in parallel with the increase in YMPH concentration. For rheological properties, all mayonnaise exhibited similar gel-like behaviour with greater storage modulus (G’) than loss modulus (G”) and loss tangent (tan δ) less than 1.0. For the colour attributes, increasing YMPH level led to significant decrease () in the L* and b* factors from 73.0 to 27.2 and 23.9 to 8.1, respectively. However, the overall a* factor value increased significantly () from 1.11 to 5.10 as the YMPH concentration increased. This study revealed that insect-based protein hydrolysate has a good potential to serve as an emulsifier.
{"title":"Rheological, textural properties and storage stability of mayonnaise formulated with protein hydrolysate derived from yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor)","authors":"E. Phuah, Y. Lee, T. Tang, S.A. Lim, M. Rambli","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230100","url":null,"abstract":"Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), the larva stage of darkling beetle, confers high nutritional and functional protein and it can serve as a sustainable protein source. The present study therefore evaluated the effect of replacing the egg yolk as emulsifier with yellow mealworm protein hydrolysate powder (YMPH) (0-100%) at 20% increment levels on the rheological and textural properties, colour attributes, emulsion microstructure and storage stability of mayonnaise. The emulsion stability results demonstrated that mayonnaise with up to 60% substitution of YMPH displayed excellent storage stability for 3 weeks (<2% phase separation). In terms of textural properties, all samples showed no significant difference () in firmness whereas consistency decreased steadily with increasing YMPH concentration levels. Microstructure observation of all mayonnaise formulations demonstrated a gradual increase in oil droplet size in parallel with the increase in YMPH concentration. For rheological properties, all mayonnaise exhibited similar gel-like behaviour with greater storage modulus (G’) than loss modulus (G”) and loss tangent (tan δ) less than 1.0. For the colour attributes, increasing YMPH level led to significant decrease () in the L* and b* factors from 73.0 to 27.2 and 23.9 to 8.1, respectively. However, the overall a* factor value increased significantly () from 1.11 to 5.10 as the YMPH concentration increased. This study revealed that insect-based protein hydrolysate has a good potential to serve as an emulsifier.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139338754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230105
C.T. O’Connor, J. Gathercole, S. Finlay-Smits, M.R. McNeill, M. Bowie, C. van Koten, J.D. Morton
Entomophagy (eating insects) can be a sustainable and efficient source of protein, prevalent in many cultures worldwide. However, there is limited research on the perceptions of entomophagy in Aotearoa New Zealand, particularly indigenous Māori perceptions. This work explores Māori perspectives on entomophagy, gaining understanding of the history of entomophagy in Māori culture, how entomophagy is currently perceived, and the potential of edible insect-derived products amongst Māori. An online survey was conducted via Qualtrics™ in 2021 recruiting via close contacts and social media platforms. Within the sample (n = 172), 42% of participants indicated insects play a significant role in Māori culture as food, and 10% as rongoā (traditional Māori medicine). Additionally, insects were described as part of cultural narratives. For insects as food, 47% of participants have eaten or know of their whānau (family) eating insects, with the huhu grub (larvae of a large wood-eating beetle) being the most consumed. We also found that 87% of participants were willing to consume insects in some form. Age had little effect on the likelihood of participants eating insects, except for those aged over 55 who were less likely to consume them. Participants with a flexitarian diet were significantly more willing to consume insects than those with a meat-eating or pescatarian diet. Conversely, participants with a vegetarian diet were more likely to say they would not eat insects. Participants were significantly more likely to consume insects if they were native to Aotearoa New Zealand or fed rongoā rākau (medicinal plants) and farmed sustainably, or if they knew that the type of insect was once eaten by Māori. Our findings show that indigenous Māori already recognise insects as being culturally significant and are relatively open to consuming insects. This presents an opportunity for Māori-led businesses or collaborations with Māori to revitalise insects as a food source.
{"title":"Attitudes to consumption of edible insects by indigenous Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand: future commercial opportunities","authors":"C.T. O’Connor, J. Gathercole, S. Finlay-Smits, M.R. McNeill, M. Bowie, C. van Koten, J.D. Morton","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230105","url":null,"abstract":"Entomophagy (eating insects) can be a sustainable and efficient source of protein, prevalent in many cultures worldwide. However, there is limited research on the perceptions of entomophagy in Aotearoa New Zealand, particularly indigenous Māori perceptions. This work explores Māori perspectives on entomophagy, gaining understanding of the history of entomophagy in Māori culture, how entomophagy is currently perceived, and the potential of edible insect-derived products amongst Māori. An online survey was conducted via Qualtrics™ in 2021 recruiting via close contacts and social media platforms. Within the sample (n = 172), 42% of participants indicated insects play a significant role in Māori culture as food, and 10% as rongoā (traditional Māori medicine). Additionally, insects were described as part of cultural narratives. For insects as food, 47% of participants have eaten or know of their whānau (family) eating insects, with the huhu grub (larvae of a large wood-eating beetle) being the most consumed. We also found that 87% of participants were willing to consume insects in some form. Age had little effect on the likelihood of participants eating insects, except for those aged over 55 who were less likely to consume them. Participants with a flexitarian diet were significantly more willing to consume insects than those with a meat-eating or pescatarian diet. Conversely, participants with a vegetarian diet were more likely to say they would not eat insects. Participants were significantly more likely to consume insects if they were native to Aotearoa New Zealand or fed rongoā rākau (medicinal plants) and farmed sustainably, or if they knew that the type of insect was once eaten by Māori. Our findings show that indigenous Māori already recognise insects as being culturally significant and are relatively open to consuming insects. This presents an opportunity for Māori-led businesses or collaborations with Māori to revitalise insects as a food source.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139338843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230001
K. B. Gongalsky, D. Korobushkin, L.A. Baratova, A.I. Bastrakov, M. I. Degtyarev, Anastasiya Y Gorbunova, A. Ksenofontov, S.A. Lapa, I.M. Lebedev, A. Zaitsev
‘Hidden hunger’ occurs in humans and livestock and stems from deficiencies in microelements, essential amino acids, and vitamins. Triggered by insufficient intake of micronutrients in food and feed, even when macronutrients are abundant, hidden hunger can result in the development of serious diseases and pathological conditions. Finding sufficient micronutrients is often challenging because they are either obtained from limited external natural sources or synthesised de novo. Soil-dwelling saprophages comprise one of the largest proportions of zoomasses on Earth but remain surprisingly overlooked as a potential micronutrient source. To assess their nutritional content concerning micronutrients, we selected 31 invertebrate species obtained from natural ecosystems of European Russia or widely cultivated species originating mainly from tropical regions. They belong to major soil saprophage taxa: cockroaches (Blattodea), beetle (Coleoptera) larvae and imagoes, springtails (Collembola), millipedes (Diplopoda), fly (Diptera) larvae, earthworms (Haplotaxida), woodlice (Isopoda), crickets (Orthoptera). We assessed their proteinogenic amino acid, microelement, and vitamin composition. Taxonomic differences in the composition and ratio of micronutrients were determined and we identified specific taxa naturally enriched with micronutrients for future consideration as potential candidates for incorporation into food and feed supplements to alleviate hidden hunger in livestock and humans.
{"title":"Soil saprophages as an emerging global source of micronutrients","authors":"K. B. Gongalsky, D. Korobushkin, L.A. Baratova, A.I. Bastrakov, M. I. Degtyarev, Anastasiya Y Gorbunova, A. Ksenofontov, S.A. Lapa, I.M. Lebedev, A. Zaitsev","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230001","url":null,"abstract":"‘Hidden hunger’ occurs in humans and livestock and stems from deficiencies in microelements, essential amino acids, and vitamins. Triggered by insufficient intake of micronutrients in food and feed, even when macronutrients are abundant, hidden hunger can result in the development of serious diseases and pathological conditions. Finding sufficient micronutrients is often challenging because they are either obtained from limited external natural sources or synthesised de novo. Soil-dwelling saprophages comprise one of the largest proportions of zoomasses on Earth but remain surprisingly overlooked as a potential micronutrient source. To assess their nutritional content concerning micronutrients, we selected 31 invertebrate species obtained from natural ecosystems of European Russia or widely cultivated species originating mainly from tropical regions. They belong to major soil saprophage taxa: cockroaches (Blattodea), beetle (Coleoptera) larvae and imagoes, springtails (Collembola), millipedes (Diplopoda), fly (Diptera) larvae, earthworms (Haplotaxida), woodlice (Isopoda), crickets (Orthoptera). We assessed their proteinogenic amino acid, microelement, and vitamin composition. Taxonomic differences in the composition and ratio of micronutrients were determined and we identified specific taxa naturally enriched with micronutrients for future consideration as potential candidates for incorporation into food and feed supplements to alleviate hidden hunger in livestock and humans.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230052
E. Atallah, T. M. Mahayri, K. Fliegerová, J. Mrázek, N. F. Addeo, F. Bovera, G. Moniello
In this study, we investigated the effect of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens larvae oil on the diversity and structure of the bacterial community of the caecal content of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). A total of 40 quails, equally selected for slaughter from 100 animals which were divided evenly into four treatment groups including control group (C) with a diet containing corn oil and 3 experimental groups with partial (25%, 50%) or total (100%) substitution of corn oil by H. illucens larvae oil, here referred to as Black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFO): BSFO 25, BSFO 50 and BSFO 100, respectively. After slaughtering (42 days of age), the microbiota of caecal samples was examined by high-throughput sequencing using the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In all the studied groups the dominant phylum was Firmicutes with prevailing families of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Caecal microbiota was meaningly influenced on genus level. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe) analysis for the differential taxa abundance showed that Lactobacillus was significantly increased in BSFO 25 group, Fusicatenibacter was significantly enriched in all the experimental groups fed larvae oil (BSFO 25, 50 and 100) and Subdoligranulum was highly elevated in BSFO 100 group. The analysis revealed statistical dissimilarities between the control group (C) and the groups with 50% and 100% oil replacement (BSFO 50 and 100). The bacterial diversity was significantly suppressed in the samples of quails fed the diet with a total inclusion of H. illucens oil (BSFO 100). The results showed the considerable effect of Black soldier fly larvae oil on the caecal microbiota of Japanese quails.
{"title":"The effect of different levels of Hermetia illucens oil inclusion on caecal microbiota of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica, Gould, 1837)","authors":"E. Atallah, T. M. Mahayri, K. Fliegerová, J. Mrázek, N. F. Addeo, F. Bovera, G. Moniello","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230052","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the effect of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens larvae oil on the diversity and structure of the bacterial community of the caecal content of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). A total of 40 quails, equally selected for slaughter from 100 animals which were divided evenly into four treatment groups including control group (C) with a diet containing corn oil and 3 experimental groups with partial (25%, 50%) or total (100%) substitution of corn oil by H. illucens larvae oil, here referred to as Black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFO): BSFO 25, BSFO 50 and BSFO 100, respectively. After slaughtering (42 days of age), the microbiota of caecal samples was examined by high-throughput sequencing using the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In all the studied groups the dominant phylum was Firmicutes with prevailing families of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Caecal microbiota was meaningly influenced on genus level. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe) analysis for the differential taxa abundance showed that Lactobacillus was significantly increased in BSFO 25 group, Fusicatenibacter was significantly enriched in all the experimental groups fed larvae oil (BSFO 25, 50 and 100) and Subdoligranulum was highly elevated in BSFO 100 group. The analysis revealed statistical dissimilarities between the control group (C) and the groups with 50% and 100% oil replacement (BSFO 50 and 100). The bacterial diversity was significantly suppressed in the samples of quails fed the diet with a total inclusion of H. illucens oil (BSFO 100). The results showed the considerable effect of Black soldier fly larvae oil on the caecal microbiota of Japanese quails.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230062
Pavit Tansakul, T. Petcharat, Tran Hong Quan, M. Chaijan, A. Juemanee, Pensiri Kaewthong
This study aimed to improve the quality of sterilised chicken bread spread (S-BS) fortified with silkworm pupae using binders (soy protein isolate (SP) and sodium caseinate (SC)). The characteristics of pasteurised chicken bread spread (P-BS) and S-BS were studied. S-BS was browner than P-BS, as indicated by the higher b* value. The higher total expressible fluid (TEF) in S-BS resulted in lower stickiness and spreadability values than those in P-BS, resulting in lower scores for appearance, taste, and overall preference for S-BS. Optimised types (SP and SC) and levels (0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) of binders for improving S-BS quality were evaluated. The TEF of S-BS significantly decreased with increased SP and SC levels (). SP showed a higher capacity to reduce TEF in S-BS than SC. Increased binder levels resulted in higher shear resistance during compression than the control sample, as indicated by the higher firmness, stickiness, and spreadability. The scores for appearance, colour, texture, and overall preference of S-BS with SC were higher than those of the sample with SP. The suitable binder level was 2% to improve the S-BS quality. The highest preference was shown for S-BS with 2% SC for all sensory attributes.
{"title":"Improving the quality of sterilised silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae fortified chicken bread spread using different binders","authors":"Pavit Tansakul, T. Petcharat, Tran Hong Quan, M. Chaijan, A. Juemanee, Pensiri Kaewthong","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230062","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to improve the quality of sterilised chicken bread spread (S-BS) fortified with silkworm pupae using binders (soy protein isolate (SP) and sodium caseinate (SC)). The characteristics of pasteurised chicken bread spread (P-BS) and S-BS were studied. S-BS was browner than P-BS, as indicated by the higher b* value. The higher total expressible fluid (TEF) in S-BS resulted in lower stickiness and spreadability values than those in P-BS, resulting in lower scores for appearance, taste, and overall preference for S-BS. Optimised types (SP and SC) and levels (0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) of binders for improving S-BS quality were evaluated. The TEF of S-BS significantly decreased with increased SP and SC levels (). SP showed a higher capacity to reduce TEF in S-BS than SC. Increased binder levels resulted in higher shear resistance during compression than the control sample, as indicated by the higher firmness, stickiness, and spreadability. The scores for appearance, colour, texture, and overall preference of S-BS with SC were higher than those of the sample with SP. The suitable binder level was 2% to improve the S-BS quality. The highest preference was shown for S-BS with 2% SC for all sensory attributes.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230045
L. Grispoldi, L. Zampogni, E. Costanzi, M. Karama, S. El-Ashram, E. Al-Olayan, C. Saraiva, J. Garcı́a-Dı́ez, M.F. Iulietto, B. Cenci-Goga
An online consumer survey, consisting of 23 closed questions divided into 9 sections, was conducted to investigate consumer perception of including edible insects in their diet. The data analysis was carried out using a variation of the classic Rasch-Andrich model for multiple choice questions. The online survey involved individuals (n = 327) from Italy and other 29 different European and non-European countries, with different ages, educational background and eating habits, selected from among people attending the University of Perugia. The analysis showed that the majority of participants (90%) were already aware of the term entomophagy, although only 19% of the participants had already eaten insects. Moreover, 42% of the participants would be willing to pay less than the equivalent of a hamburger to buy 10 g of insects and 93% would consider eating insects if necessary. The factors limiting entomophagy are mainly represented by neophobia, disgust, fear of allergic reactions and microbiological hazards. Furthermore, the majority would expect to find specific shelves in stores for insect-based products. Moreover, the majority of the participants accepted that pet or farm animals could be fed with insect-based products. Lastly, almost all the participants considered food safety of edible insects to be the responsibility of the national competent authorities, as required for other foods. The aim of this study was to address the current perceptions of modern consumers to entomophagy and discover the perceived advantages and disadvantages associated with the consumption of insects. Although it is difficult to predict whether edible insects can effectively represent the “food of the future” and whether they can really become part of western consumers’ diet, the results obtained in this study demonstrated that providing consumers with information not only on insects and the production methods used, but also on food safety measures can improve the consumer’s attitude towards entomophagy.
{"title":"Exploring consumer perception of entomophagy by applying the Rasch model: data from an online survey","authors":"L. Grispoldi, L. Zampogni, E. Costanzi, M. Karama, S. El-Ashram, E. Al-Olayan, C. Saraiva, J. Garcı́a-Dı́ez, M.F. Iulietto, B. Cenci-Goga","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230045","url":null,"abstract":"An online consumer survey, consisting of 23 closed questions divided into 9 sections, was conducted to investigate consumer perception of including edible insects in their diet. The data analysis was carried out using a variation of the classic Rasch-Andrich model for multiple choice questions. The online survey involved individuals (n = 327) from Italy and other 29 different European and non-European countries, with different ages, educational background and eating habits, selected from among people attending the University of Perugia. The analysis showed that the majority of participants (90%) were already aware of the term entomophagy, although only 19% of the participants had already eaten insects. Moreover, 42% of the participants would be willing to pay less than the equivalent of a hamburger to buy 10 g of insects and 93% would consider eating insects if necessary. The factors limiting entomophagy are mainly represented by neophobia, disgust, fear of allergic reactions and microbiological hazards. Furthermore, the majority would expect to find specific shelves in stores for insect-based products. Moreover, the majority of the participants accepted that pet or farm animals could be fed with insect-based products. Lastly, almost all the participants considered food safety of edible insects to be the responsibility of the national competent authorities, as required for other foods. The aim of this study was to address the current perceptions of modern consumers to entomophagy and discover the perceived advantages and disadvantages associated with the consumption of insects. Although it is difficult to predict whether edible insects can effectively represent the “food of the future” and whether they can really become part of western consumers’ diet, the results obtained in this study demonstrated that providing consumers with information not only on insects and the production methods used, but also on food safety measures can improve the consumer’s attitude towards entomophagy.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230082
L. Mozhui, L. N. Kakati, B. Ao, V. Kezo, V.B. Meyer-Rochow
In Nagaland insects like the Eri silkworm Samia cynthia ricini and the Indian honey bee Apis cerana indica are reared for commercial purposes rather than just household uses. Of the marketed edible insects in India, Hymenoptera contribute 34% followed by Orthoptera (25%), Coleoptera (16%), Hemiptera (12%), and Lepidoptera (9%) while Odonata and Blattodea contribute 2% each. The present study estimates that an insect seller may earn Rs. 600-800 (US $7.51-10.01) per kg from various types of insects such as grasshoppers, crickets, katydid, water and diving beetles, ants, stink bugs and tent caterpillars. For 1 litre of honey an insect seller may earn Rs. 532-1600 (US $6.66-20.02) and for 1 kg of wood larvae (largely beetle larvae), carpenter “worms” (= Cossus spp. moth larvae) and hornets the vendor can demand Rs. 3,300-3,750 (US $41.29-56.31). The contribution of the edible insect sector towards the socio-economy and livelihood improvement of the people in both rural and urban communities is highlighted and discussed. Given the insect bio-resource in the region, the consumption of edible insects, coupled with mass production, processing, and marketing (as successfully implemented in countries like Thailand, Vietnam, and some African countries like Cameroon and Nigeria), can be a boon to Nagaland.
{"title":"Socio-economic analysis of edible insect species collectors and vendors in Nagaland, North-East India","authors":"L. Mozhui, L. N. Kakati, B. Ao, V. Kezo, V.B. Meyer-Rochow","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230082","url":null,"abstract":"In Nagaland insects like the Eri silkworm Samia cynthia ricini and the Indian honey bee Apis cerana indica are reared for commercial purposes rather than just household uses. Of the marketed edible insects in India, Hymenoptera contribute 34% followed by Orthoptera (25%), Coleoptera (16%), Hemiptera (12%), and Lepidoptera (9%) while Odonata and Blattodea contribute 2% each. The present study estimates that an insect seller may earn Rs. 600-800 (US $7.51-10.01) per kg from various types of insects such as grasshoppers, crickets, katydid, water and diving beetles, ants, stink bugs and tent caterpillars. For 1 litre of honey an insect seller may earn Rs. 532-1600 (US $6.66-20.02) and for 1 kg of wood larvae (largely beetle larvae), carpenter “worms” (= Cossus spp. moth larvae) and hornets the vendor can demand Rs. 3,300-3,750 (US $41.29-56.31). The contribution of the edible insect sector towards the socio-economy and livelihood improvement of the people in both rural and urban communities is highlighted and discussed. Given the insect bio-resource in the region, the consumption of edible insects, coupled with mass production, processing, and marketing (as successfully implemented in countries like Thailand, Vietnam, and some African countries like Cameroon and Nigeria), can be a boon to Nagaland.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230026
J. Cammack, J. Tomberlin
While biotic conditions are recognised contributors to the growth and production of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), abiotic conditions are arguably of equal or greater relevance. Shifts in key environmental conditions can be the difference between optimal production of a black soldier colony, or its collapse. As with all insects, the impact of these criteria is highly dependent on development stage of the insect and scale of application (e.g. growth chamber in a laboratory versus an industrial rearing room). Through the analysis presented herein, the impact of three abiotic factors (temperature, humidity, and photophase) on immature black soldier flies will be discussed as a means to serve as a model for investigating other abiotic factors contributing to the physiology of the species. By identifying the impact of these factors on black soldier fly development, the industry can optimise production, minimise financial investment, and enhance the economic and environmental returns of the system.
{"title":"Environmental conditions influencing growth and development of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)","authors":"J. Cammack, J. Tomberlin","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230026","url":null,"abstract":"While biotic conditions are recognised contributors to the growth and production of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), abiotic conditions are arguably of equal or greater relevance. Shifts in key environmental conditions can be the difference between optimal production of a black soldier colony, or its collapse. As with all insects, the impact of these criteria is highly dependent on development stage of the insect and scale of application (e.g. growth chamber in a laboratory versus an industrial rearing room). Through the analysis presented herein, the impact of three abiotic factors (temperature, humidity, and photophase) on immature black soldier flies will be discussed as a means to serve as a model for investigating other abiotic factors contributing to the physiology of the species. By identifying the impact of these factors on black soldier fly development, the industry can optimise production, minimise financial investment, and enhance the economic and environmental returns of the system.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230063
L.J.F. Soares, G.O. Ribeiro, D.F. Freitas, E.R. Madureira, F.S. Aiura, M.P. Maciel, J. Nascimento, A.G. Ribeiro, S.H.S. Santos, D.V. Costa
The objective of the present study was to evaluate different inclusion levels of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two hundred male Tilapia juveniles were distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments (0%, 6.5%, 13%, 19.5% and 26% mealworm larvae meal) and four repetitions (polyethylene tanks), with 10 animals each. Productive performance, blood, histological and molecular parameters and viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were evaluated. Among the evaluated parameters, final biomass, biomass gain, final weight, weight gain and apparent feed consumption were influenced by the inclusion of mealworm larvae meal in the feeds; the best results were obtained with an inclusion level of 26%. The tilapia fed with mealworm larvae meal showed higher body and fillet weights and larger muscle fibres. In addition, they presented similar values of biochemical components compared to animals fed the standard diet. Lipogenic genes were significantly higher expressed in groups fed mealworm larvae meal. In view of the findings, the inclusion of mealworm larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia is a viable approach, and inclusion levels of up to 26% of replacement of digestible protein have no negative impacts on the analysed parameters.
{"title":"Performance, blood and histological parameters and gene expression of lipogenic markers in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed Tenebrio molitor larvae meal","authors":"L.J.F. Soares, G.O. Ribeiro, D.F. Freitas, E.R. Madureira, F.S. Aiura, M.P. Maciel, J. Nascimento, A.G. Ribeiro, S.H.S. Santos, D.V. Costa","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230063","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to evaluate different inclusion levels of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two hundred male Tilapia juveniles were distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments (0%, 6.5%, 13%, 19.5% and 26% mealworm larvae meal) and four repetitions (polyethylene tanks), with 10 animals each. Productive performance, blood, histological and molecular parameters and viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were evaluated. Among the evaluated parameters, final biomass, biomass gain, final weight, weight gain and apparent feed consumption were influenced by the inclusion of mealworm larvae meal in the feeds; the best results were obtained with an inclusion level of 26%. The tilapia fed with mealworm larvae meal showed higher body and fillet weights and larger muscle fibres. In addition, they presented similar values of biochemical components compared to animals fed the standard diet. Lipogenic genes were significantly higher expressed in groups fed mealworm larvae meal. In view of the findings, the inclusion of mealworm larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia is a viable approach, and inclusion levels of up to 26% of replacement of digestible protein have no negative impacts on the analysed parameters.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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