Pub Date : 2025-04-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101640
Nathalie Belhoste , Anna Dimitrova
Applying resource dependence and process theory to an in-depth case study of a French MNE that maintained operations in Syria despite the civil war, we provide a processual and multilevel analysis of how political strategies evolve in response to civil war dynamics and complexity. We show that strategies are mainly conditioned by the firm's interactions and interdependencies with non-state armed groups. We further reveal that rather than ensuring firm survival, political strategies may cause a downward spiral, binding the firm to the warring context as it crosses over to the “dark side” of political strategies, and eventually forcing its exit.
{"title":"Downward spiral of firms’ political strategies in conflict zones: A process analysis of an MNE's operations during an active civil war","authors":"Nathalie Belhoste , Anna Dimitrova","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying resource dependence and process theory to an in-depth case study of a French MNE that maintained operations in Syria despite the civil war, we provide a processual and multilevel analysis of how political strategies evolve in response to civil war dynamics and complexity. We show that strategies are mainly conditioned by the firm's interactions and interdependencies with non-state armed groups. We further reveal that rather than ensuring firm survival, political strategies may cause a downward spiral, binding the firm to the warring context as it crosses over to the “dark side” of political strategies, and eventually forcing its exit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 4","pages":"Article 101640"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101641
Zhongfeng Su , Jiatao Li , Wenping Ye , Yaya Shi , Bangzhu Zhu
Can co-ethnic immigrant communities (CICs) influence the foreign location choice of family firms from emerging economies (FFEs) under different cross-national distance conditions? To answer this question, this study explores how the effect of CIC size on the foreign location choice of FFEs varies with four key types of cross-national distances. By using the data of 885 investments of Chinese family firms in 161 countries, this study finds that CIC size has a positive effect on the location choice of such firms. Moreover, the effect is strengthened by administrative and knowledge distances, weakened by global connectedness distance, and does not vary with relational distance. This study adds insights into the antecedents of foreign location choice and clarifies the role of CICs in helping FFEs overcome the challenges of different types of cross-national distances. By contextualizing FFEs, this study can benefit family firm internationalization research.
{"title":"Co-ethnic immigrant communities, cross-national distance, and foreign location choice of family firms from emerging economies","authors":"Zhongfeng Su , Jiatao Li , Wenping Ye , Yaya Shi , Bangzhu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Can co-ethnic immigrant communities (CICs) influence the foreign location choice of family firms from emerging economies (FFEs) under different cross-national distance conditions? To answer this question, this study explores how the effect of CIC size on the foreign location choice of FFEs varies with four key types of cross-national distances. By using the data of 885 investments of Chinese family firms in 161 countries, this study finds that CIC size has a positive effect on the location choice of such firms. Moreover, the effect is strengthened by administrative and knowledge distances, weakened by global connectedness distance, and does not vary with relational distance. This study adds insights into the antecedents of foreign location choice and clarifies the role of CICs in helping FFEs overcome the challenges of different types of cross-national distances. By contextualizing FFEs, this study can benefit family firm internationalization research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 4","pages":"Article 101641"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101643
Liang Shao , Zaiyang Xie , Yixin Qiu , Liang Wang
The evolving decoupling between the U.S. and China, and the resulting bifurcation of the global economy, represents one of the biggest external uncertainties in international business since the end of the Cold War. From a real options perspective, this study conducted a content analysis of the annual reports of Chinese publicly-listed firms (2016–2021) to capture how these firms perceived the uncertainty stemming from decoupling and adjusted their investment strategies accordingly. The data show that the perception of decoupling uncertainty, and associated concerns of the economic downturn and profitability, triggered Chinese firms to defer overall investments. The impact is limited to manufacturing industries where investment typically is more irreversible, and private firms’ investment decisions are more subjective to the uncertainty. Moreover, the impact differs across different types of investments: decoupling uncertainty affects capital expenditure but not R&D investment. Our study sheds light on the manifestations of decoupling in firm-level investment strategies. Furthermore, the study answers the call to incorporate subjective judgment of uncertainty in the real options theory by revealing the impact of perceived uncertainty on different types of firm investments.
{"title":"US-China decoupling and the Chinese firms’ real option to defer overall but R&D investment","authors":"Liang Shao , Zaiyang Xie , Yixin Qiu , Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolving decoupling between the U.S. and China, and the resulting bifurcation of the global economy, represents one of the biggest external uncertainties in international business since the end of the Cold War. From a real options perspective, this study conducted a content analysis of the annual reports of Chinese publicly-listed firms (2016–2021) to capture how these firms perceived the uncertainty stemming from decoupling and adjusted their investment strategies accordingly. The data show that the perception of decoupling uncertainty, and associated concerns of the economic downturn and profitability, triggered Chinese firms to defer overall investments. The impact is limited to manufacturing industries where investment typically is more irreversible, and private firms’ investment decisions are more subjective to the uncertainty. Moreover, the impact differs across different types of investments: decoupling uncertainty affects capital expenditure but not R&D investment. Our study sheds light on the manifestations of decoupling in firm-level investment strategies. Furthermore, the study answers the call to incorporate subjective judgment of uncertainty in the real options theory by revealing the impact of perceived uncertainty on different types of firm investments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 4","pages":"Article 101643"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101642
Manish Popli , Mehul Raithatha
How do firms in emerging economies react to competitive contexts shaped by the temporal advancement of pro-market reforms? With multi-country analysis, this research shows that as the pace of reforms increases in emerging economies, the incumbent firms engage in strategic renewal actions of internal development and external sourcing through acquisitions. Furthermore, this study integrates the problemistic search perspective and finds that facing a faster pace of pro-market reforms, firms with performance above the aspiration level prioritize augmentation in internal capabilities. In contrast, firms performing below the aspiration level prioritize either domestic or cross-border mergers and acquisitions. We test our hypotheses using 55,068 firm-year observations from 37 emerging economies from 1998 to 2019. This study contributes by providing a better understanding of 'when', 'how,' and 'why' firms from emerging economies take specific strategic renewal actions as their home markets evolve.
{"title":"Pace of pro-market reforms, performance feedback, and strategic renewal actions of emerging economy firms","authors":"Manish Popli , Mehul Raithatha","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How do firms in emerging economies react to competitive contexts shaped by the temporal advancement of pro-market reforms? With multi-country analysis, this research shows that as the pace of reforms increases in emerging economies, the incumbent firms engage in strategic renewal actions of internal development and external sourcing through acquisitions. Furthermore, this study integrates the problemistic search perspective and finds that facing a faster pace of pro-market reforms, firms with performance above the aspiration level prioritize augmentation in internal capabilities. In contrast, firms performing below the aspiration level prioritize either domestic or cross-border mergers and acquisitions. We test our hypotheses using 55,068 firm-year observations from 37 emerging economies from 1998 to 2019. This study contributes by providing a better understanding of 'when', 'how,' and 'why' firms from emerging economies take specific strategic renewal actions as their home markets evolve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 4","pages":"Article 101642"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101638
Martina Musteen , Xialu Liu , Dwarka Chakravarty
Drawing primarily upon institutional theory, we examine the impact of the target country context on the abandonment of cross-border acquisitions (CBAs). We focus on four inter-related but distinct dimensions of target country context – the quality of formal institutions reflected in the regulatory ease of doing business, the quality of informal institutions assessed as the level of corruption, the city location of the acquisition target (i.e. whether the acquisition target is located in a global city vs. elsewhere), and the overall level of country economic development (i.e., advanced vs. emerging). Based on this framework, we argue that while business-friendly formal institutions in the target country generally reduce the likelihood of CBA abandonment, the quality of informal institutions has a non-linear effect on CBA abandonment, and the location of the acquisition target in a global city reduces the likelihood of CBA abandonment. We also posit that these relationships are moderated by the target country's level of economic development. We test these predictions using a large sample of 1,459 CBAs in 70 target countries and find empirical support for most of our hypotheses.
{"title":"Abandonment of cross-border acquisitions: The role of target country context","authors":"Martina Musteen , Xialu Liu , Dwarka Chakravarty","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drawing primarily upon institutional theory, we examine the impact of the target country context on the abandonment of cross-border acquisitions (CBAs). We focus on four inter-related but distinct dimensions of target country context – the quality of formal institutions reflected in the regulatory ease of doing business, the quality of informal institutions assessed as the level of corruption, the city location of the acquisition target (i.e. whether the acquisition target is located in a global city vs. elsewhere), and the overall level of country economic development (i.e., advanced vs. emerging). Based on this framework, we argue that while business-friendly formal institutions in the target country generally reduce the likelihood of CBA abandonment, the quality of informal institutions has a non-linear effect on CBA abandonment, and the location of the acquisition target in a global city reduces the likelihood of CBA abandonment. We also posit that these relationships are moderated by the target country's level of economic development. We test these predictions using a large sample of 1,459 CBAs in 70 target countries and find empirical support for most of our hypotheses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 4","pages":"Article 101638"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101630
Ha-Phuong Luong , Chris Jones , Yama Temouri
This paper explores the factors that influence the internationalization of multinational enterprises (MNEs) from clusters, with a particular focus on the use of tax havens. Institutional Theory is used as our theoretical framework, with mimetic isomorphism highlighted as a primary mechanism connecting cluster characteristics to MNE internationalization. By analyzing firm-level data for the UK and Germany from 2008-2019, we show that institutional features within clusters—such as imitation, the co-location of professional services, and industrial concentration—facilitate this form of internationalization. Furthermore, the findings improve research on cluster internationalization, indicating that the imitation effect is amplified by firm leadership and experience.
{"title":"Cluster Internationalization to Tax Havens by Multinational Enterprises: An Exploration of Imitative Behaviour","authors":"Ha-Phuong Luong , Chris Jones , Yama Temouri","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the factors that influence the internationalization of multinational enterprises (MNEs) from clusters, with a particular focus on the use of tax havens. <em>Institutional Theory</em> is used as our theoretical framework, with mimetic isomorphism highlighted as a primary mechanism connecting cluster characteristics to MNE internationalization. By analyzing firm-level data for the UK and Germany from 2008-2019, we show that institutional features within clusters—such as imitation, the co-location of professional services, and industrial concentration—facilitate this form of internationalization. Furthermore, the findings improve research on cluster internationalization, indicating that the imitation effect is amplified by firm leadership and experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 4","pages":"Article 101630"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101628
Michael A. Witt , Luciano Ciravegna
We argue that national security concerns can be an important driver of market exit decisions of MNEs. Drawing on institutional theory and using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) on a sample of 196 MNEs from 26 home countries, we find that two factors expressing pressure arising from national security concerns combined with three organizational boundary conditions account for 88 % of exit decisions of MNEs from the Russian market following the start of the Ukraine War. We extend theory by establishing national security as a source of legitimacy pressure affecting MNE strategic choices and by elaborating contingencies under which national security pressures are sufficient for market exit, at least in the context of economic war. Our findings may further be relevant to the sanctions literature in international business by indicating that the impact of sanctions is contingent on organizational-level conditions.
{"title":"Serving national security? MNE responses in economic war","authors":"Michael A. Witt , Luciano Ciravegna","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We argue that national security concerns can be an important driver of market exit decisions of MNEs. Drawing on institutional theory and using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) on a sample of 196 MNEs from 26 home countries, we find that two factors expressing pressure arising from national security concerns combined with three organizational boundary conditions account for 88 % of exit decisions of MNEs from the Russian market following the start of the Ukraine War. We extend theory by establishing national security as a source of legitimacy pressure affecting MNE strategic choices and by elaborating contingencies under which national security pressures are sufficient for market exit, at least in the context of economic war. Our findings may further be relevant to the sanctions literature in international business by indicating that the impact of sanctions is contingent on organizational-level conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 3","pages":"Article 101628"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101623
Yuehua Xu , Jiatao Li , Yimin Wang , Li Xin , Haichuan Zhao
This study aims to advance the understanding of the effectiveness of strategies addressing the country of origin (COO)-based stigma of a multinational enterprise (MNE), a persistent form of liability of the COO. On the basis of integrated insights from research on stigma by association and identity salience, we propose that when an MNE's home country is implicated in a negative global event, similar strategies at different levels (corporate philanthropy and foreign aid) would differentially affect its COO-based stigma resulting from its association with its home country. The results of scenario-based experimental analyses indicate that while MNEs’ philanthropic efforts reduce stigma, aid from their home country increases stigma among host country consumers.
{"title":"Exploring Corporate Philanthropy, Home Country Foreign Aid, and Country of Origin-Based Stigma for Multinational Enterprises: An Experimental Study","authors":"Yuehua Xu , Jiatao Li , Yimin Wang , Li Xin , Haichuan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to advance the understanding of the effectiveness of strategies addressing the country of origin (COO)-based stigma of a multinational enterprise (MNE), a persistent form of liability of the COO. On the basis of integrated insights from research on stigma by association and identity salience, we propose that when an MNE's home country is implicated in a negative global event, similar strategies at different levels (corporate philanthropy and foreign aid) would differentially affect its COO-based stigma resulting from its association with its home country. The results of scenario-based experimental analyses indicate that while MNEs’ philanthropic efforts reduce stigma, aid from their home country increases stigma among host country consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 3","pages":"Article 101623"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101622
Wolfgang Messner
Culture is often viewed as a value system that shapes cultural practices. Frameworks like Hofstede, GLOBE, and Schwartz identify and quantify various cultural dimensions; however, these rely on surveys that are criticized for limited country coverage, lack of psychometric robustness, small sample sizes, and cultural biases. This article presents an empirical experiment designed to quantify cultural practices and diversity across 216 countries and territories by prompting large language models using a zero-shot learning strategy. This approach enables subnational and segment-specific analyses, equipping researchers with powerful tools for deeper cultural insights.
{"title":"Quantification of cultural practices and diversity: An empirical experiment with generative artificial intelligence","authors":"Wolfgang Messner","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Culture is often viewed as a value system that shapes cultural practices. Frameworks like Hofstede, GLOBE, and Schwartz identify and quantify various cultural dimensions; however, these rely on surveys that are criticized for limited country coverage, lack of psychometric robustness, small sample sizes, and cultural biases. This article presents an empirical experiment designed to quantify cultural practices and diversity across 216 countries and territories by prompting large language models using a zero-shot learning strategy. This approach enables subnational and segment-specific analyses, equipping researchers with powerful tools for deeper cultural insights.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 3","pages":"Article 101622"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101626
Tao Bai , Abby Jingzi Zhou , Steven Shijin Zhou , Peter Liesch
We examine the critical role of CEO power in influencing the firm's internationalization in response to negative performance feedback. Firms with CEOs who possess strong ownership and expert power may adopt a self-enhancement approach avoiding strategic changes within the firm such as pursuing internationalization to address a performance shortfall. In contrast, those with CEOs who wield significant structural and prestige power may adopt a problem-solving approach using internationalization as a solution. Positive performance prospects, as identified by business analysts, intensify these patterns. Data from 462 newly listed public companies in China from 2009 to 2020 support our hypotheses. We conclude that firms may internationalize to address domestic performance shortfalls rather than to exploit advantages in overseas markets.
{"title":"Negative performance feedback, CEO power and internationalization","authors":"Tao Bai , Abby Jingzi Zhou , Steven Shijin Zhou , Peter Liesch","doi":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the critical role of CEO power in influencing the firm's internationalization in response to negative performance feedback. Firms with CEOs who possess strong ownership and expert power may adopt a self-enhancement approach avoiding strategic changes within the firm such as pursuing internationalization to address a performance shortfall. In contrast, those with CEOs who wield significant structural and prestige power may adopt a problem-solving approach using internationalization as a solution. Positive performance prospects, as identified by business analysts, intensify these patterns. Data from 462 newly listed public companies in China from 2009 to 2020 support our hypotheses. We conclude that firms may internationalize to address domestic performance shortfalls rather than to exploit advantages in overseas markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Business","volume":"60 3","pages":"Article 101626"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号