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Examining the cognitive contributors to violence risk in forensic samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis 检验法医样本中暴力风险的认知因素:系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101887
Sarah Janes , Lindsey Gilling McIntosh , Suzanne O'Rourke , Matthias Schwannauer

A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to quantitatively summarise the association between measures of cognitive abilities (e.g., neuropsychological and clinical measures, and risk assessments with a cognitive component) and violent outcomes. After acknowledging that existing reviews in this area have largely focused on executive functions and specific diagnostic groups only, the review adopted a broader approach, first examining factors which differentiate violent from non-violent offenders (part one), followed by separately analysing the neuropsychological correlates of violence (part two). Forty-two studies were included in the analyses, and 12 individual neuropsychological domains were examined in part one, and five in part two. The findings from this study revealed a large range of effect sizes with wide confidence intervals, highlighting significant heterogeneity due to methodological differences between studies, calling for a consensus to be reached on the neuropsychological risk factors which are most relevant to violence risk, to bring more focus and specificity to the literature. Measures of impulsivity, inattention, and lack of insight boasted significant correlations with prospectively measured violent outcomes, revealing their potential to add a small amount of incremental validity to existing risk assessments.

进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析,以定量总结认知能力测量(如神经心理学和临床测量,以及带有认知成分的风险评估)与暴力结果之间的关系。在承认这一领域的现有审查主要侧重于执行职能和特定诊断群体之后,审查采取了更广泛的方法,首先审查区分暴力罪犯和非暴力罪犯的因素(第一部分),然后分别分析暴力的神经心理学相关性(第二部分)。分析中包括42项研究,第一部分检查了12个个体神经心理学领域,第二部分检查了5个。这项研究的发现揭示了具有宽置信区间的大范围效应大小,突显了由于研究之间的方法差异而产生的显著异质性,呼吁就与暴力风险最相关的神经心理风险因素达成共识,以使文献更加关注和特异性。冲动、注意力不集中和缺乏洞察力的测量与前瞻性测量的暴力结果具有显著相关性,揭示了它们为现有风险评估增加少量增量有效性的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Public stigma toward women victims of intimate partner violence: A systematic review 公众对亲密伴侣暴力女性受害者的污名化:一项系统综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101877
Lara Murvartian , Francisco Javier Saavedra-Macías , Jennifer J. Infanti

Public stigma toward women victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) undermines their recovery. However, research on this topic is still recent. This systematic review aimed to analyze the way this stigma was studied, findings from the literature related to or describing public stigmatization that contributed to understanding how it works and existing interventions and recommendations to combat stigma. Searches for peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2021 were conducted in six databases. The articles selected were limited to empirical studies in English, in which participants resided in high-income countries and providing results on IPV public stigma. A total of 29 articles were included. Stigma was normally not the primary focus of the studies, most articles did not draw upon any stigma theoretical model to contextualize their findings and qualitative methodologies predominated. We summarized a series of themes regarding stigma functioning: social norms and perceptions, public stigmatizing reactions and its consequences for victims. Factors such as ethnicity increased or decreased the stigma. Not disclosing the abuse and not looking for help were the most frequently mentioned consequences. Only one intervention and a few strategies to reduce the stigma were identified. Implication of these findings for research and practice were discussed.

公众对亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)女性受害者的污名化破坏了她们的康复。然而,对这一主题的研究仍然是最近才进行的。这项系统综述旨在分析对这种污名化的研究方式,与公众污名化相关或描述公众污名的文献中的发现,这些发现有助于理解它是如何运作的,以及现有的打击污名化干预措施和建议。在六个数据库中搜索了2010年至2021年间发表的同行评审文章。所选文章仅限于英语实证研究,参与者居住在高收入国家,并提供了IPV公众污名的结果。共收录了29篇文章。污名通常不是研究的主要焦点,大多数文章都没有利用任何污名理论模型来将其研究结果置于背景中,定性方法论占主导地位。我们总结了一系列关于污名化功能的主题:社会规范和观念、公众对污名化的反应及其对受害者的后果。种族等因素增加或减少了耻辱感。不披露虐待行为和不寻求帮助是最常被提及的后果。只确定了一项干预措施和一些减少污名化的战略。讨论了这些发现对研究和实践的启示。
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引用次数: 2
A framework for understanding emotions in violent ethnic conflicts 理解种族暴力冲突中情绪的框架
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101860
Ephrem Fernandez

Emotions have been studied largely within an interpersonal context but are now increasingly investigated wthin large scale social problems. This paper reviews key concepts in affective science as applicable to violent ethnic conflict. Beginning with the customary question “what are emotions?”, a cognitive-motivational perspective points to the appraisals and action tendencies inherent in anger and fear, the twin emotions corresponding to fight or flight during violent encounters. Also relevant to violent ethnic conflict are resentment, contempt, sadness, shame, guilt, pride/honor, and remorse. Whether these emotions are (i) situational (state) or dispositional (trait), (ii) felt vs expressed, they have further implications for conflict. Anger, as one example of emotion, can be characterized with reference to five parameters; it can also be represented along six major dimensions of expression, as witnessed interpersonally and intercommunally. A new theoretical position is taken in which violent ethnic conflict is no longer positioned within the primordalist-constructivist dichotomy, but instead is viewed as a function of predisposing factors, precipitating factors, exacerbating factors, perpetuating factors, consequences, and enabling factors. Each of these factors may carry its own cache of emotions that interact with one another over the course of violent ethnic conflict.

情绪在很大程度上是在人际关系的背景下研究的,但现在越来越多的人在大规模的社会问题中进行研究。本文回顾了情感科学中适用于种族暴力冲突的关键概念。从“什么是情绪?”这一常见问题开始,认知动机视角指向愤怒和恐惧中固有的评价和行动倾向,这两种情绪对应于暴力遭遇中的打斗或逃跑。与种族暴力冲突相关的还有怨恨、蔑视、悲伤、羞耻、内疚、骄傲/荣誉和悔恨。无论这些情绪是(i)情境(状态)还是倾向(特质),(ii)感觉与表达,它们都会对冲突产生进一步的影响。作为情绪的一个例子,愤怒可以通过五个参数来表征;它也可以沿着六个主要的表达维度来表现,如人际和社区间所见证的。采取了一种新的理论立场,即暴力种族冲突不再被定位在原始秩序主义-建构主义的二分法中,而是被视为诱发因素、促成因素、加剧因素、持续因素、后果和促成因素的函数。这些因素中的每一个都可能携带着自己的情感,在种族暴力冲突的过程中相互影响。
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引用次数: 1
Atrocity denial and emotions in the Ethiopian civil war 埃塞俄比亚内战中的暴行否认和情绪
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101875
Michael Woldemariam , Yilma Woldgabreal

What is the relationship between atrocity denial and emotion in violent ethnic conflict? Atrocity denial is often anchored in instrumental calculations, as it facilitates implicated parties escaping legal and political accountability; yet it is also a phenomenon tethered to personal and mass emotions in important ways. Freud's classic intuition that denial arises from a subconscious desire to suppress painful emotions resonates specifically in the context of atrocity denial, since association with morally reprehensible acts can generate difficult sentiments of shame, guilt, and remorse that perpetrators and their constituents would prefer to avoid. Atrocity denial conventionally understood is thus a defense mechanism, designed to blunt distressing emotions, and its effect on violence is permissive—neutralizing the uncomfortable emotive sentiments that might otherwise constrain conflict in the future.

Using the case of the Ethiopian civil war, we argue that this classic conception of the atrocity denial-emotion nexus misses an important dimension. Atrocity denial blunts certain emotional responses, but appeals to emotion as well, including the very emotions that cause and sustain violent ethnic conflict. Careful analysis of two specific alleged atrocities committed in the course of the war—the Mai Kadra massacre and the ethnic of cleansing of Tigrayans in Western Tigray—and the corresponding denial narratives of the various parties to the conflict, highlight the ways in which emotions such as hatred, fear, and resentment are consistently invoked in denial accounts. Atrocity denial is thus not simply an act of defense via emotional supression, but through emotional appeals, constitutive of political violence itself.

在种族暴力冲突中,否认暴行与情感之间有什么关系?否认暴行往往以工具性计算为基础,因为这有助于受牵连的各方逃避法律和政治责任;然而,它也是一种在重要方面与个人和大众情绪联系在一起的现象。弗洛伊德的经典直觉是,否认源于压抑痛苦情绪的潜意识欲望,这在否认暴行的背景下产生了特别的共鸣,因为与道德上应受谴责的行为联系在一起会产生难以忍受的羞耻、内疚和悔恨情绪,而施暴者及其选民更愿意避免这种情绪。因此,传统意义上的否认暴行是一种防御机制,旨在抑制令人痛苦的情绪,其对暴力的影响是宽容的——消除了不舒服的情绪,否则可能会限制未来的冲突。以埃塞俄比亚内战为例,我们认为这种否认暴行-情感关系的经典概念忽略了一个重要方面。否认暴行会削弱某些情绪反应,但也会吸引情绪,包括导致和维持种族暴力冲突的情绪。仔细分析战争过程中发生的两起具体暴行——迈·卡德拉大屠杀和提格雷西部对提格雷人的种族清洗——以及冲突各方相应的否认叙事,突显了仇恨、恐惧和怨恨等情绪在否认叙述中不断被援引的方式。因此,否认暴行不仅仅是一种通过情感压制的辩护行为,而是通过情感诉求的辩护,构成政治暴力本身。
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引用次数: 0
Unjustified aggression in early childhood education: A systematic, narrative and conceptual review of the current scientific literature 幼儿教育中的无端侵犯:对当前科学文献的系统、叙述和概念综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101857
Daniel Falla, Carmen Dueñas-Casado, Rosario Ortega-Ruiz

Unjustified aggression in early childhood education has received less scientific attention due to the methodological and ethical difficulties involved in working with children. This limitation has generated a degree of conceptual ambiguity, due to the methodological and procedural diversity employed by researchers. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review on unjustified aggression and victimization in the classroom in early childhood over the last decade. Following the guidelines set by Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), a total of 3905 articles published between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed, which were narrowed down to a final sample of 52 papers that met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated a low scientific production, in which the existing research comes almost exclusively from developed countries, where 57.70 % were carried out with samples of less than 250 participants. A total of 67.31 % of these studies have used teachers' reports to obtain the information, victimization does not feature highly in these studies, and there are few longitudinal studies in this respect. The results are discussed in relation to both the need to reconceptualize the construct and the need to standardize the methodology to obtain more robust data on this interpersonal classroom dynamic in early childhood.

幼儿教育中的无端侵犯行为由于涉及儿童工作的方法和伦理困难而较少受到科学关注。由于研究人员采用的方法和程序的多样性,这种限制产生了一定程度的概念模糊性。本研究的目的是对过去十年中幼儿课堂上的无理侵犯和伤害行为进行系统回顾。根据系统综述和荟萃分析(PRISMA)制定的指南,对2011年至2021年间发表的3905篇文章进行了综述,最终样本为52篇符合纳入标准的论文。结果表明,科学成果很少,现有的研究几乎完全来自发达国家,其中57.70%的研究是用不到250名参与者的样本进行的。在这些研究中,共有67.31%的研究使用了教师的报告来获取信息,这些研究中受害情况并不突出,这方面的纵向研究也很少。讨论的结果涉及重新定义结构的必要性和标准化方法的必要性,以获得关于幼儿期人际课堂动态的更有力的数据。
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引用次数: 0
Anonymity and its role in digital aggression: A systematic review 匿名及其在数字攻击中的作用:系统综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101856
M. Kim , M. Ellithorpe , S.A. Burt

Digital aggression (DA), or the use of information communication technologies to inflict harm on others, is an emerging public health crisis. Targets of DA experience increased anxiety, depression, aggression, and higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts. There is thus a clear need to uncover the origins of DA. A handful of studies have identified contextual features that increase DA, most notably anonymity. Critically, however, research in this context has rarely evaluated different aspects of anonymity, specifically technical versus social anonymity or self- versus other-anonymity. It has also frequently relied on potentially problematic self-report assessment techniques. The current paper sought to better understand the role of anonymity in DA with a systematic review of the relevant literature. While the systematic review did highlight a significant relationship between perpetrator self-anonymity and DA, we also uncovered evidence of a more complex and nuanced relationship between anonymity and DA than was expected, including the need to jointly consider positive cyberbullying attitudes and related constructs. Implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing DA are discussed.

数字攻击(DA),或使用信息通信技术对他人造成伤害,是一场新出现的公共卫生危机。DA经历的目标增加了焦虑、抑郁、攻击性,自杀意念和企图的发生率也更高。因此,有必要揭示DA的起源。少数研究已经确定了增加DA的上下文特征,最显著的是匿名性。然而,至关重要的是,这方面的研究很少评估匿名的不同方面,特别是技术匿名与社会匿名或自我匿名与其他匿名。它还经常依赖于可能存在问题的自我报告评估技术。本文通过对相关文献的系统回顾,试图更好地理解匿名在DA中的作用。虽然系统审查确实强调了犯罪者自我匿名与DA之间的重要关系,但我们也发现了匿名与DA间关系比预期更复杂、更微妙的证据,包括需要共同考虑积极的网络欺凌态度和相关结构。讨论了旨在减少DA的预防和干预工作的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Men's perceptions of why they stay in intimate partner violent heterosexual relationships: A systematic review 男性对他们为什么保持亲密伴侣暴力异性恋关系的看法:一项系统综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101876
Andreia Machado , Diana Farinha

Literature highlights that intimate partner violence is a social problem. Although there is a gender asymmetry regarding the prevalence of intimate partner violence (i.e., women as the majority of victims), the global statistics point to a considerable number of men who are victims of violence in heterosexual relationships. Although the negative impact of these victimization experiences is known, the specificities of intimate partner violence against men victims are not. Therefore, this systematic review aims to: 1) identify and systematize empirical evidence about heterosexual men's reasons for staying in violent intimate partner relationships; 2) explore, evaluate and critically discuss the results and limitations of the selected articles. This systematic review was carried out in Web of Science, PsycINFO and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, since 1970 until 2020. The method used was PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analysis), with the following research equation: “battered men OR husband syndrome AND reasons to stay*”.Results revealed that the reasons to stay of heterosexual men are similar to heterosexual women's and men who are in same sex relationships, highlighting: concern for their children, parenting and fear of losing contact; commitment to the relationship and psychological dependence. The results also emphasizes that there are specificities related to the male role in society that prevent men from leaving their relationships, as well as reasons that are not found in the literature, such as guilt, family pressure, fear of not being believed and threats of suicide by their partner. Finally, these results stressed that there is a clear need of an inclusive approach of IPV and a deconstruction of the myths and social stereotypes associated with the male ideals, both in society and with frontline professionals, in order to contribute to more appropriate intervention and political practices.

文献强调亲密伴侣暴力是一个社会问题。尽管亲密伴侣暴力的普遍性存在性别不对称(即女性是大多数受害者),但全球统计数据表明,相当多的男性是异性恋关系中暴力的受害者。尽管这些受害经历的负面影响是已知的,但亲密伴侣暴力侵害男性受害者的具体情况却不清楚。因此,本系统综述旨在:1)识别并系统化异性恋男性保持暴力亲密伴侣关系的原因的经验证据;2) 探索、评估并批判性地讨论所选文章的结果和局限性。自1970年至2020年,这篇系统综述发表在《科学网》、《心理信息》和《心理学与行为科学集》上。使用的方法是PRISMA(系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目),具有以下研究等式:“受虐男子或丈夫综合征和留下的原因*”。结果显示,异性恋男性留下来的原因与异性恋女性和处于同性关系中的男性相似,突出表现为:关心孩子、养育子女和害怕失去联系;对关系的承诺和心理依赖。研究结果还强调,男性在社会中的角色有一些特殊性,阻止男性离开他们的关系,以及文献中没有的原因,如内疚、家庭压力、害怕不被相信以及伴侣威胁自杀。最后,这些结果强调,显然需要对IPV采取包容性的方法,解构社会和一线专业人员中与男性理想相关的神话和社会刻板印象,以促进更适当的干预和政治实践。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic review on psychological interventions for individuals with a history of offending behavior delivered by digital means 通过数字手段对有犯罪行为史的个体进行心理干预的系统回顾
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101855
Cláudia Calaboiça , Diana Moreira , Eduardo Araújo , Helena Grangeia , Cláudia Oliveira , Sofia Barros , Anita Santos

Violence and other criminal behaviors are problems with a high social, economic, and criminal justice impact. Individuals with a history of offending behavior (IHOB) can be found in a range of contexts within the criminal justice system, from prisons to community-based settings. Assessing the risk of recidivism, intervening, and reintegrating IHOB in society is of fundamental importance and the criminal justice contexts play a fundamental role in offering the necessary conditions and services. Rehabilitation programs have proven their efficacy, with better results achieved when programs seek to meet the needs of individuals. Treatment implementation can be troubled by a diversity of barriers ranging from geographical to financial restrictions. In this framework, digital means made it possible to ensure, albeit at a distance, the continuity of interventions and the rehabilitation of individuals and presented itself as an alternative mean that is likely to persist in the forensic context. Therefore, it matters to know which psychological interventions delivered by digital means aimed at IHOB have been implemented and what results have been achieved. To this end, a systematic review was conducted. Searches were performed in the EBSCO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Initially, 1983 records were identified, to which six records were added by manual search. Of the 14 studies included in the review, were identified 4 motivational interventions delivered by digital means, considered effective in promoting behavior change in IHOB. Three cognitive-behavioral approaches were analyzed, and they presented high levels of acceptability and effectiveness. Overall, the programs delivered by digital means reported greater effectiveness, when compared to control groups. Implications for the rehabilitation of IHOB are discussed.

暴力和其他犯罪行为是具有高度社会、经济和刑事司法影响的问题。有犯罪行为史的个人可以在刑事司法系统的各种环境中找到,从监狱到社区环境。评估累犯风险、干预和重新融入社会至关重要,刑事司法环境在提供必要的条件和服务方面发挥着根本作用。康复计划已经证明了其有效性,当计划寻求满足个人需求时,会取得更好的效果。治疗的实施可能会受到各种障碍的困扰,从地理限制到财政限制。在这一框架内,数字手段使确保干预措施的连续性和个人康复成为可能,尽管距离遥远,但它本身是一种可能在法医学背景下持续存在的替代手段。因此,重要的是要知道哪些针对IHOB的数字手段提供的心理干预措施已经实施,以及取得了什么成果。为此,进行了系统审查。在EBSCO、PubMed和Web of Science数据库中进行了搜索。最初,确定了1983条记录,其中通过手动搜索添加了6条记录。在纳入综述的14项研究中,确定了4项通过数字手段提供的动机干预措施,被认为对促进IHOB的行为改变有效。分析了三种认知行为方法,它们具有较高的可接受性和有效性。总体而言,与对照组相比,通过数字方式提供的程序报告了更大的有效性。讨论了对IHOB康复的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Sibling bullying during childhood: A scoping review 儿童时期的兄弟姐妹欺凌:范围界定综述
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101862
Hannah Brett, Alice Jones Bartoli, Peter K. Smith

Previous research has established that positive sibling relationships can be protective against peer bullying and general family conflicts, as well as improving self-esteem and development, but significantly less attention has been given to the situation when these relationships are not positive, specifically with bullying between siblings. Despite being viewed as a ‘normal’ part of growing up, the consequences of sibling bullying can be as harmful as that of peer bullying, if not more, and it is necessary to understand and address the problem. The current scoping review assesses the existing research on sibling bullying, with attention to what is currently known and what is yet to be understood. Four databases were searched, and 45 papers were identified and synthesised. Much of the literature was conducted in Western countries, with a focus on self-reported protective and risk factors. Moreover, much of the research has identified surface-level characteristics of sibling bullying, with limited explanation for why these issues arise. This scoping review highlights and discusses these findings and provides recommendations for further research.

先前的研究已经证实,积极的兄弟姐妹关系可以防止同伴欺凌和一般的家庭冲突,并改善自尊和发展,但对这些关系不积极的情况,特别是兄弟姐妹之间的欺凌,人们的关注明显较少。尽管被视为成长过程中的“正常”部分,但兄弟姐妹欺凌的后果可能与同伴欺凌一样有害,甚至更多,因此有必要了解和解决这个问题。目前的范围审查评估了现有的关于兄弟姐妹欺凌的研究,关注目前已知的和尚待理解的内容。检索了四个数据库,确定并合成了45篇论文。大部分文献都是在西方国家进行的,重点是自我报告的保护和风险因素。此外,许多研究已经确定了兄弟姐妹欺凌的表面特征,对为什么会出现这些问题的解释有限。这篇范围界定综述强调并讨论了这些发现,并为进一步研究提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Neurobiological characteristics of individuals who have committed sexual offenses: A systematic review 性犯罪者的神经生物学特征:系统回顾
IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2023.101858
Eduarda Ramião , Patrícia Figueiredo , Andreia Azeredo , Diana Moreira , Ricardo Barroso , Fernando Barbosa

Sexual violence is recognized as one of the most serious forms of violence. Assessment of individuals with history of sexual offenses is essential to inform placement decisions (e.g., inpatient or outpatient treatment, foster or residential placement), guide legal dispositions, prevent their offenses, and provide the basis for treatment planning. Insights into the neurobiological characteristics in subtypes of sexual offenses are particularly important both to the advancement of its understanding and guide research clinical efforts. The goal of this systematic review is to synthesize the findings regarding the neurobiological characteristics of individuals who have committed sexual offenses, focusing on the identification of the factors that should be targeted in the assessment of these individuals. Studies related to the topic were obtained from multiple databases, through rigorous exclusion and inclusion criteria. Only empirical studies with quantitative methodologies were included. Aims, methodological aspects (sample and instruments), and main conclusions were extracted from each study. In general, this systematic review found psychophysiological, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological studies, which used neurobiological techniques to evaluate individuals who have committed sexual offenses. A substantial part of the studies examined the neuroimaging profile of individuals who have committed sexual offenses against children with or without pedophilic interests, suggesting anatomical changes and functional deficits. Overall, there is enough evidence to support the link between specific neurobiological characteristics and sexual offenses, with this link being mainly revealed by neuroimaging and endocrinology studies. The knowledge about neurobiological characteristics implicated in sexual offending can help developing more accurate and valid protocols for the evaluation of individuals involved in such offenses, thereby improving diagnosis and treatment.

性暴力被认为是最严重的暴力形式之一。对有性犯罪史的个人进行评估对于告知安置决定(例如,住院或门诊治疗、寄养或寄宿安置)、指导法律处置、预防其犯罪以及为治疗计划提供依据至关重要。深入了解性犯罪亚型的神经生物学特征对提高其理解和指导临床研究工作尤为重要。这项系统综述的目的是综合有关性犯罪者神经生物学特征的研究结果,重点是确定评估这些人时应针对的因素。通过严格的排除和纳入标准,从多个数据库中获得了与该主题相关的研究。只包括采用定量方法的实证研究。从每项研究中提取目标、方法方面(样本和工具)和主要结论。总的来说,这篇系统综述发现了心理生理学、神经影像学和神经生理学研究,这些研究使用神经生物学技术来评估犯下性犯罪的个人。大部分研究检查了对有或没有恋童癖的儿童实施性侵犯的个体的神经影像学特征,表明了解剖结构的变化和功能缺陷。总的来说,有足够的证据支持特定的神经生物学特征与性犯罪之间的联系,这种联系主要通过神经影像学和内分泌学研究来揭示。关于性犯罪所涉及的神经生物学特征的知识可以帮助制定更准确有效的方案来评估参与此类犯罪的个人,从而改进诊断和治疗。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Aggression and Violent Behavior
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