Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0004
T. Merricks
This chapter defends the claim that every good answer to the following question implies being numerically identical with: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? So this chapter defends the claim that personal identity is necessary for what matters in survival. This chapter also shows that Derek Parfit’s famous argument to the contrary fails. But there is no single way in which Parfit’s argument uncontroversially goes wrong. Rather, the way in which that argument fails depends on this or that controversial metaphysics of persistence. So that argument fails in one way given endurance, and it fails in a different way given (for example) stage theory. Most importantly, there is no metaphysics of persistence on which that argument succeeds.
{"title":"On the Necessity of Personal Identity","authors":"T. Merricks","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter defends the claim that every good answer to the following question implies being numerically identical with: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? So this chapter defends the claim that personal identity is necessary for what matters in survival. This chapter also shows that Derek Parfit’s famous argument to the contrary fails. But there is no single way in which Parfit’s argument uncontroversially goes wrong. Rather, the way in which that argument fails depends on this or that controversial metaphysics of persistence. So that argument fails in one way given endurance, and it fails in a different way given (for example) stage theory. Most importantly, there is no metaphysics of persistence on which that argument succeeds.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43561507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0003
T. Merricks
This chapter defends my answer to: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? My answer is numerical identity. That is, I say that your being numerically identical with a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you. This answer is controversial. For this answer implies that your being numerically identical with a person at a future time explains why it is appropriate for you to first-personally anticipate, and have future-directed self-interested concern with regard to, the experiences that that person will have at that time.
{"title":"On the Sufficiency of Personal Identity","authors":"T. Merricks","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter defends my answer to: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? My answer is numerical identity. That is, I say that your being numerically identical with a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you. This answer is controversial. For this answer implies that your being numerically identical with a person at a future time explains why it is appropriate for you to first-personally anticipate, and have future-directed self-interested concern with regard to, the experiences that that person will have at that time.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46201089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0008
T. Merricks
Previous chapters defend a variety of claims about what matters in survival. This chapter puts those claims through their paces by applying them to a new topic: personal immortality. I begin by using the distinction between persistence and survival to clarify the idea of personal immortality. I then show how claims defended in earlier chapters allow us to block familiar objections to the desirability and to the possibility of immortality. Here are two examples. Chapter 4’s conclusion that the Selfer view is false plays an important role in my reply to the Tedium Objection. And my answer to the Why Question in terms of numerical identity provides the resources to argue that what matters in survival will not slowly ‘fade out’ over time and change.
{"title":"The Hope of Glory","authors":"T. Merricks","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Previous chapters defend a variety of claims about what matters in survival. This chapter puts those claims through their paces by applying them to a new topic: personal immortality. I begin by using the distinction between persistence and survival to clarify the idea of personal immortality. I then show how claims defended in earlier chapters allow us to block familiar objections to the desirability and to the possibility of immortality. Here are two examples. Chapter 4’s conclusion that the Selfer view is false plays an important role in my reply to the Tedium Objection. And my answer to the Why Question in terms of numerical identity provides the resources to argue that what matters in survival will not slowly ‘fade out’ over time and change.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43324018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0007
T. Merricks
Consider: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? Chapter 5 focused on an answer to the Why Question in terms of a specific sort of psychological connectedness, namely, having the same self-narrative. This chapter considers two more answers to the Why Question, one of which—like the answer considered in Chapter 5—involves narrative. But the answers considered in this chapter are in terms of specific sorts of psychological continuity, as opposed to psychological connectedness. This chapter also defends the conclusion that it is false that any good answer to the Why Question must be in terms of some sort of psychological connectedness or psychological continuity.
{"title":"Agential Continuity and Narrative Continuity","authors":"T. Merricks","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Consider: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? Chapter 5 focused on an answer to the Why Question in terms of a specific sort of psychological connectedness, namely, having the same self-narrative. This chapter considers two more answers to the Why Question, one of which—like the answer considered in Chapter 5—involves narrative. But the answers considered in this chapter are in terms of specific sorts of psychological continuity, as opposed to psychological connectedness. This chapter also defends the conclusion that it is false that any good answer to the Why Question must be in terms of some sort of psychological connectedness or psychological continuity.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48792538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0005
T. Merricks
According to the Selfer view, your first-personally anticipating, or having future-directed self-interested concern with regard to, a person’s experiences at a future time is appropriate only if the way you are now is relevantly psychologically connected to the way that person will be at that time. The relevant sort of psychological connectedness is being substantively alike with regard to values, desires, and projects. So to be Selfer is to be committed to the view that a person will have, at a future time, what matters in survival for you only if that person will have, at that time, (enough of) your current values, desires, and projects. This chapter opposes the Selfer view.
{"title":"The Same Self","authors":"T. Merricks","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Selfer view, your first-personally anticipating, or having future-directed self-interested concern with regard to, a person’s experiences at a future time is appropriate only if the way you are now is relevantly psychologically connected to the way that person will be at that time. The relevant sort of psychological connectedness is being substantively alike with regard to values, desires, and projects. So to be Selfer is to be committed to the view that a person will have, at a future time, what matters in survival for you only if that person will have, at that time, (enough of) your current values, desires, and projects. This chapter opposes the Selfer view.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41314123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0006
T. Merricks
Consider: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? Some have answered the Why Question in terms of narrative. Narrative-based answers to the Why Question can be in terms of psychological connectedness, or in terms of psychological continuity (which is a chain of overlapping instances of psychological connectedness). Chapter 6 considers an answer in terms of narrative-based psychological continuity. But this chapter focuses on an answer in terms of narrative-based psychological connectedness. In particular, this chapter focuses on—and raises objections to—an answer in terms of being alike with regard to ‘self-narrative’. As we shall see, this chapter thereby continues the discussion of the Selfer view that began in Chapter 4.
{"title":"The Same Self-Narrative","authors":"T. Merricks","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843432.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Consider: The Why Question: What way of being related to a (conscious) person at a future time explains why that person will have (at that time) what matters in survival for you? Some have answered the Why Question in terms of narrative. Narrative-based answers to the Why Question can be in terms of psychological connectedness, or in terms of psychological continuity (which is a chain of overlapping instances of psychological connectedness). Chapter 6 considers an answer in terms of narrative-based psychological continuity. But this chapter focuses on an answer in terms of narrative-based psychological connectedness. In particular, this chapter focuses on—and raises objections to—an answer in terms of being alike with regard to ‘self-narrative’. As we shall see, this chapter thereby continues the discussion of the Selfer view that began in Chapter 4.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45580014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2021.2013309
M. Berzonsky, D. R. Papini
ABSTRACT The developmental interplay among cognitive dispositions (need for cognition and faith in intuition), identity processing styles (informational, normative, and diffuse-avoidant), and identity commitments was examined. Participants (N = 269 university students) completed measures of the study variables twice separated by a three-month interval. A rational cognitive disposition at T1 predicted increases in informational style scores and decreases in normative style scores at T2. The informational style also predicted increases in rational reasoning scores over time. High informational and normative scores at T1 predicted increases in identity commitment. Commitment scores at T1 predicted decreased diffuse-avoidant scores at T2. Implications of the findings for the role cognitive processes and identity styles play in identity formation are considered.
{"title":"Cross-lagged associations between cognitive dispositions, identity processing styles, and identity commitments","authors":"M. Berzonsky, D. R. Papini","doi":"10.1080/15298868.2021.2013309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2021.2013309","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The developmental interplay among cognitive dispositions (need for cognition and faith in intuition), identity processing styles (informational, normative, and diffuse-avoidant), and identity commitments was examined. Participants (N = 269 university students) completed measures of the study variables twice separated by a three-month interval. A rational cognitive disposition at T1 predicted increases in informational style scores and decreases in normative style scores at T2. The informational style also predicted increases in rational reasoning scores over time. High informational and normative scores at T1 predicted increases in identity commitment. Commitment scores at T1 predicted decreased diffuse-avoidant scores at T2. Implications of the findings for the role cognitive processes and identity styles play in identity formation are considered.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45467311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2021.2015429
Alice B. Huang, H. Berenbaum, G. McKee
ABSTRACT Studies have found that self-security, defined as the acceptance of one’s own weaknesses, is associated with many important outcomes. The present research examined the link between self-insecurity (the rejection of one’s own weaknesses) and unpleasant repetitive thinking, a transdiagnostic process that appears to be a major risk factor for internalizing psychopathology. In Study 1, we examined the link at two levels: between-individuals (N = 158 undergraduates) and within-individuals (using daily diary methods). At both levels, self-insecurity was significantly associated with repetitive thinking, even after simultaneously accounting for neuroticism/NA and self-esteem. Study 2 (N = 280 undergraduates) replicated Study 1’s findings. Additionally, Study 2 assessed repetitive thinking using reports by participants’ close others: self-insecurity was significantly associated with close-others-reported repetitive thinking.
{"title":"Between-individuals and within-individual relations between self-insecurity and unpleasant repetitive thinking","authors":"Alice B. Huang, H. Berenbaum, G. McKee","doi":"10.1080/15298868.2021.2015429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2021.2015429","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Studies have found that self-security, defined as the acceptance of one’s own weaknesses, is associated with many important outcomes. The present research examined the link between self-insecurity (the rejection of one’s own weaknesses) and unpleasant repetitive thinking, a transdiagnostic process that appears to be a major risk factor for internalizing psychopathology. In Study 1, we examined the link at two levels: between-individuals (N = 158 undergraduates) and within-individuals (using daily diary methods). At both levels, self-insecurity was significantly associated with repetitive thinking, even after simultaneously accounting for neuroticism/NA and self-esteem. Study 2 (N = 280 undergraduates) replicated Study 1’s findings. Additionally, Study 2 assessed repetitive thinking using reports by participants’ close others: self-insecurity was significantly associated with close-others-reported repetitive thinking.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47769861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-06DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2021.2012511
Jia Wei Zhang, Van-Kim Bui, Andrew N Snell, Ryan T. Howell, D. Bailis
ABSTRACT Asians are not immune to racial discrimination and discrimination against Asians has heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic because they were blamed as the origin of the virus. A pre-registered 14-day diary explored if self-compassion was associated with subjective well-being and protective behaviors for Asians (U.S. & Canada) who faced COVID-19 discriminations (N = 82 & ndiaries =711). Participants reported discriminations experience for 28% (U.S.) and 25% (Canada) of their days. Daily self-compassion predicted daily subjective well-being despite COVID-19 discrimination experience. Daily self-compassion predicted increased COVID-19 protective behaviors on days Asian Americans experienced COVID-19 discrimination. Daily acceptance, but not daily reappraisal, explained the link between daily self-compassion and daily subjective well-being. These findings could not be accounted for by daily self-esteem.
{"title":"Daily self-compassion protects Asian Americans/Canadians after experiences of COVID-19 discrimination: Implications for subjective well-being and health behaviors","authors":"Jia Wei Zhang, Van-Kim Bui, Andrew N Snell, Ryan T. Howell, D. Bailis","doi":"10.1080/15298868.2021.2012511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2021.2012511","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Asians are not immune to racial discrimination and discrimination against Asians has heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic because they were blamed as the origin of the virus. A pre-registered 14-day diary explored if self-compassion was associated with subjective well-being and protective behaviors for Asians (U.S. & Canada) who faced COVID-19 discriminations (N = 82 & ndiaries =711). Participants reported discriminations experience for 28% (U.S.) and 25% (Canada) of their days. Daily self-compassion predicted daily subjective well-being despite COVID-19 discrimination experience. Daily self-compassion predicted increased COVID-19 protective behaviors on days Asian Americans experienced COVID-19 discrimination. Daily acceptance, but not daily reappraisal, explained the link between daily self-compassion and daily subjective well-being. These findings could not be accounted for by daily self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41400833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-02DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2021.2004217
C. Manzi, Y. Koç, V. Benet‐Martínez, Eleonora Reverberi
ABSTRACT Since February 2020, the world has faced a health emergency due to the rapid spread of COVID-19. Two of the first measures adopted by most countries to ensure social distancing were the closure of schools and childcare services, and the mandate to work from home. Millions of parents, while facing the threat of the virus infection, suddenly found themselves locked down in their homes managing workload and care load in single “crowded” spaces. This study tested whether relevant identity structures and individual differences (i.e., work-parent identity integration, identification with family, and identification with work) and contextual factors (i.e., work demands, family demands, and housing conditions) predicted parents’ professional, parental, and mental health outcomes during the lockdown. Data collected in April-2020 from 432 Italian parents working from home during the strict lockdown showed that the main predictor of all outcomes is work-parent identity integration. We provide recommendations for how professionals and organizations can support parents working from home due to COVID-19 or in future lockdowns.
{"title":"Identity integration matters: The case of parents working from home during the COVID-19 health emergency","authors":"C. Manzi, Y. Koç, V. Benet‐Martínez, Eleonora Reverberi","doi":"10.1080/15298868.2021.2004217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2021.2004217","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since February 2020, the world has faced a health emergency due to the rapid spread of COVID-19. Two of the first measures adopted by most countries to ensure social distancing were the closure of schools and childcare services, and the mandate to work from home. Millions of parents, while facing the threat of the virus infection, suddenly found themselves locked down in their homes managing workload and care load in single “crowded” spaces. This study tested whether relevant identity structures and individual differences (i.e., work-parent identity integration, identification with family, and identification with work) and contextual factors (i.e., work demands, family demands, and housing conditions) predicted parents’ professional, parental, and mental health outcomes during the lockdown. Data collected in April-2020 from 432 Italian parents working from home during the strict lockdown showed that the main predictor of all outcomes is work-parent identity integration. We provide recommendations for how professionals and organizations can support parents working from home due to COVID-19 or in future lockdowns.","PeriodicalId":51426,"journal":{"name":"Self and Identity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：