Language Sciences最新文献

Ecological linguistics and sound change in Chinese dialects: a case study of the entering tone in Pujiang dialect 生态语言学与汉语方言的语音变化——以浦江方言入音为例

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101798

Yuzhuo Jin

This study investigates mechanisms of sound change in Chinese dialects through an ecolinguistic lens, employing the evolution of the entering tone in the Pujiang dialect of Sichuan as a case study. Field research across twelve dialect localities collected pronunciations of 537 entering-tone characters from both elderly and younger speakers, with data analyzed using Jaccard similarity coefficients to assess geographical distribution and Praat-based acoustic measurements to quantify tonal characteristics. Results demonstrate that the entering tone's retention is shaped by ecological factors: dialect points in central Pujiang exhibit approximately seventy percent similarity between generations, whereas peripheral areas adjacent to Chengdu, Ya'an, and Meishan show accelerated convergence toward Mandarin, with similarity dropping to around sixty percent. Intergenerational shifts reveal a systematic redistribution of entering-tone characters into non-entering tonal categories, particularly Yangping, driven by language contact and sociocultural pressures. These findings underscore the utility of ecological linguistics in modeling dialect change, highlighting how geographic and social environments jointly constrain phonological evolution. The study thus offers empirical grounding for dialect preservation strategies while advancing theoretical integration between linguistic ecology and historical phonology.

本研究从生态语言学的角度，以四川浦江方言入音的演变为研究对象，探讨了汉语方言语音变化的机制。在12个方言地区进行实地调查，收集了来自老年人和年轻人的537个入音字符的发音，并使用Jaccard相似系数来评估地理分布，使用基于praat的声学测量来量化音调特征。结果表明，进入声调的保留受到生态因素的影响：浦江中部的方言点在世代之间表现出大约70%的相似性，而毗邻成都、雅安和眉山的周边地区则加速向普通话趋同，相似性下降到60%左右。代际变化表明，在语言接触和社会文化压力的推动下，入调文字被系统地重新分配到非入调类别中，尤其是阳平文字。这些发现强调了生态语言学在模拟方言变化中的作用，强调了地理和社会环境如何共同制约语音进化。研究为方言保护策略提供了实证依据，同时也促进了语言生态学与历史音韵学的理论整合。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative study of trade metaphors across political genres during the U.S.-China trade war 中美贸易战中不同政治类型的贸易隐喻比较研究

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101797

Xiaojuan Tan , Alan Cienki , Tina Krennmayr

Currently, applied metaphor analysis often focuses on metaphor use in a particular political genre of a single country, overlooking how metaphors legitimize dominant political ideologies across different political genres and different countries. This paper addresses this gap by proposing an innovative categorization of metaphorical functions to systematically examine how trade metaphors are used across three underexplored political genres to legitimize America’s populist-nationalist ideology of trade protectionism and China’s state-nationalist ideology of trade globalism during the U.S.-China trade war (2017–2021). The findings show that metaphor use varies by genre in the service of ideological legitimation. Quantitative analysis reveals that trade metaphors occur most frequently in the informational and persuasive textual genre (News Reports), less frequently in the involved and persuasive spoken genre (Remarks), and least in the abstract and formal textual genre (Policy Documents). Qualitative analysis further shows that the pragmatic functions of trade metaphors differ by genre in legitimizing trade ideologies. Trade metaphors in News Reports perform persuasive and offsite interactional functions; in Remarks, they serve persuasive and onsite interactional functions; in Policy Documents, they fulfill a textual function. These findings contribute to comparative metaphor analysis and comparative political discourse analysis by highlighting genre-dependent metaphor use. They also lay the groundwork for future research, including experimental studies on the real-world impact of trade metaphors across political genres.

目前，应用隐喻分析往往侧重于单个国家特定政治类型的隐喻使用，而忽略了隐喻如何使不同政治类型和不同国家的主流政治意识形态合法化。本文通过提出一种创新的隐喻功能分类来解决这一差距，系统地研究了贸易隐喻如何在三种未被充分探索的政治类型中被使用，以使美国的民粹主义-民族主义贸易保护主义意识形态和中国的国家民族主义贸易全球主义意识形态在中美贸易战（2017-2021）期间合法化。研究结果表明，隐喻的使用在为意识形态合法化服务的过程中因体裁而异。定量分析表明，贸易隐喻在信息性和说服性语篇类型（新闻报道）中出现的频率最高，在涉及性和说服性口语类型（评论）中出现的频率较低，在抽象和正式语篇类型（政策文件）中出现的频率最低。定性分析进一步表明，不同类型的贸易隐喻在使贸易意识形态合法化方面具有不同的语用功能。交易隐喻在新闻报道中具有说服和场外互动的功能；在评论中，它们具有说服和现场互动的功能；在策略文档中，它们完成文本功能。这些发现对比较隐喻分析和比较政治话语分析具有重要意义。它们也为未来的研究奠定了基础，包括跨政治类型的贸易隐喻对现实世界影响的实验研究。

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引用次数: 0

Enlanguaged emotions: a pragmatist-inspired proposal 语言情感：实用主义启发的提议

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101794

Roberta Dreon , Ad Foolen

In this paper, we propose applying the view of human experience as enlanguaged to the field of emotions and present the hypothesis of “enlanguaged emotions” as a challenging research hypothesis. To support this proposal, we explore the affinity between American Pragmatism and modern research on the relationship between, firstly, language and experience, particularly the so-called Grounded Language Approach, and secondly, language and emotions, especially the so-called Theory of Constructed Emotions. In the first part of the paper, we embrace the idea that human experience and language are not fundamentally separate realms: Human experience is enlanguaged, ontogenetically and phylogenetically. Language is an integral part of human experience and is not primarily experienced per se, as an independent syntactic or semantic system. Rather, it is strictly interwoven in human cognition, emotivity and joint action. Conversely, this ‘integrated view’ suggests that human experience, involving perception, cognition and emotion, is significantly configured through language. In the second part of the paper, we suggest extending the Pragmatists’ assertion that bodily and facial gestures are an integral part of emotional wholes to include linguistic gestures. These are not merely exterior vehicles for expressing internal states that exist in the mind or brain independently of human practices and interactions with a complex environment. More precisely, we argue that linguistic gestures – not only words, but more broadly linguistic habits, i.e. relatively stable ways of interacting and doing things through speech – contribute to the very constitution of human emotions, given the peculiarly enlanguaged experience and environment characterizing our species.

在本文中，我们提出将人类经验作为语言的观点应用于情感领域，并提出“语言情感”假设作为一个具有挑战性的研究假设。为了支持这一建议，我们探讨了美国实用主义与现代研究之间的密切关系，首先是语言与经验的关系，特别是所谓的基础语言方法，其次是语言与情感的关系，特别是所谓的构建情感理论。在本文的第一部分，我们接受了这样一种观点：人类经验和语言并不是根本分开的领域：人类经验是语言化的、个体发育的和系统发育的。语言是人类经验的一个组成部分，它本身并不是作为一个独立的句法或语义系统而被经验的。相反，它严格地交织在人类的认知、情感和共同行动中。相反，这种“综合观点”表明，包括感知、认知和情感在内的人类经验在很大程度上是通过语言配置的。在论文的第二部分，我们建议扩展语用主义者的断言，身体和面部手势是情感整体的一个组成部分，包括语言手势。这些不仅仅是表达独立于人类实践和与复杂环境的相互作用而存在于心灵或大脑中的内部状态的外部工具。更准确地说，我们认为语言手势——不仅是词语，还有更广泛的语言习惯，即相对稳定的互动方式和通过语言做事的方式——有助于人类情感的构成，因为我们的物种具有独特的语言经历和环境特征。

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引用次数: 0

Ecolinguistic analysis of the blame game in Los Angeles wildfire reporting 洛杉矶野火报告中指责游戏的生态语言学分析

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2025.101780

Tariq Amin , Wasima Shehzad

This study analyses news media reporting of the Los Angeles wildfires, examining blame and innocence ascription and revealing the blame game in wildfire coverage. A 79,034-token corpus was generated from CNN and Fox News news reports and analysed with corpus linguistic software: AntConc, WMatrix, and GraphColl. A qualitative approach was adopted to analyse linguistic trends, metaphors, and framing devices, using Van Leeuwen's model of discourse analysis and Stibbe's ecolinguistics. The study identified four dominant trends: one, natural forces such as weather and wind were primarily ascribed to the origin of the fires, with human involvement minimised; two, the media constructed the fires as uncontained, disaster-like events; three, the public were constructed as blameless victims, distancing them from fault; and four, government responses were constructed as heroic or non-existent, affecting constructions by the public of political responsibility. This framing has far-reaching consequences for environmental discourse, reducing human culpability for ecological harm and making effective climate policy more difficult, ultimately slowing environmental action.

本研究分析了新闻媒体对洛杉矶山火的报道，考察了山火报道中的指责与无罪归咎，揭示了山火报道中的指责游戏。从CNN和Fox新闻报道中生成了79,034个令牌语料库，并使用语料库语言软件：AntConc， WMatrix和GraphColl进行分析。本文采用定性分析的方法，运用Van Leeuwen的话语分析模型和Stibbe的生态语言学理论，分析了语言趋势、隐喻和框架装置。该研究确定了四个主要趋势：第一，自然力量，如天气和风，主要归因于火灾的起源，人类的参与最小；第二，媒体将火灾描述为无法控制的灾难事件；第三，公众被塑造成无可指责的受害者，使他们远离过错；第四，政府的反应被认为是英勇的或不存在的，影响了公众对政治责任的建构。这种框架对环境话语产生了深远的影响，减少了人类对生态危害的罪责，使有效的气候政策更加困难，最终减缓了环境行动。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of the gleam-glum effect and affective interference 微光效应与情感干扰分析

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101795

Kathryn M. Vick , Leslie J. Kelley

Sound symbolism is the non-arbitrary assignment of meaning to certain sounds. The “Gleam-Glum Effect” is a novel example of this phenomenon wherein individuals indicate more positive perception of words with the /i:/ phoneme (as pronounced in gleam) over words with the /ᴧ/ phoneme (as pronounced in glum) when compared (Yu et al., 2021). We tested for the gleam-glum effect through self-administered surveys based on a modified version of the original study design. Additionally, we tested to see if the gleam-glum effect was influenced by visual interference. We introduced multiple conditions of visual stimuli, including pictures with positive, negative, and neutral affective valence, sourced from the Open-Access Online Stimulus Set (OASIS) repository (Kurdi et al., 2017). Results demonstrated that the gleam-glum effect was equally robust across all survey groups and this effect remained despite affective visual interference. These results support the replicability of the gleam-glum effect, as well as offer some additional evidence regarding facial-muscular feedback as a potential mechanism supporting the effect.

声音象征主义是对某些声音赋予意义的非任意分配。“gleam - glum效应”是这一现象的一个新例子，在比较中，个体对/i:/音素（如gleam发音）的单词比/ᴧ/音素（如glum发音）的单词表现出更积极的感知（Yu et al., 2021）。我们通过基于原始研究设计的修改版本的自我管理调查来测试闪-暗效应。此外，我们还测试了视觉干扰是否会影响闪-暗效应。我们引入了多种视觉刺激条件，包括来自开放获取在线刺激集（OASIS）存储库的具有积极、消极和中性情感效价的图片（Kurdi等人，2017）。结果表明，在所有的调查群体中，闪烁-忧郁效应同样强劲，尽管有情感视觉干扰，这种效应仍然存在。这些结果支持了闪-暗效应的可复制性，并提供了一些额外的证据，证明面部肌肉反馈是支持该效应的潜在机制。

引用次数: 0

There is a language in the landscape: towards an ecology of meaning 景观中有一种语言：走向意义的生态

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101793

Antony Fredriksson

The main idea for Jakob Meløe is that our concepts originate in what we do: a toddler's expressions come from the lifeworld and environment of a toddler, and a fisherman's concepts originate in the practice of fishing and a life of seafaring. In this way words are related to a certain practice, but also to a certain place. The landscape that we call home reverberates with our concepts, through our engagement with that environment. This way of thinking about concepts goes against the grain of mainstream cognitivist theories on how human language comes about. Meløe's approach, which he mainly got from Wittgenstein, provides us with an understanding in which humans and environment are not separated, but entwined in an inevitable relationality. By elaborating on this view and connecting it with current works in enactivism and phenomenology, the article moves towards an affective account of perception and concepts. How we make sense of an environment is not solely dependent on knowledge, but also on the ways in which a place and its particular qualities affect us, resonate within us and provide us horizons for meaning. This entails a holistic account in which human language is not separated, transcendent or external to the nonhuman realm, but rather an expression of our affectivity and relationality. Tim Ingold emphasizes this when he notes that the word ‘text’ contains the original etymology from the Latin texere, meaning ‘to weave’ (2002, 404). Through concepts we create our relations not only to, but also with the world.

Jakob Meløe的主要观点是，我们的概念源于我们的行为：幼儿的表达来自幼儿的生活世界和环境，而渔夫的概念源于捕鱼的实践和航海的生活。这样一来，单词就与某种实践有关，也与某个地方有关。我们称之为家的景观通过我们与环境的接触，与我们的概念产生共鸣。这种对概念的思考方式与主流认知主义关于人类语言如何产生的理论背道而驰。梅尔厄的方法主要来自维特根斯坦，他为我们提供了一种理解，即人与环境不是分开的，而是以一种不可避免的关系交织在一起。通过阐述这一观点，并将其与当前的行动主义和现象学作品联系起来，文章走向了感知和概念的情感解释。我们如何理解一个环境不仅仅取决于知识，还取决于一个地方及其特殊品质如何影响我们，在我们心中产生共鸣，并为我们提供意义的视野。这需要一个整体的解释，其中人类语言不是分离的，超越的或外部的非人类领域，而是我们的情感和关系的表达。蒂姆·英格戈尔德强调了这一点，他指出“文本”一词包含了拉丁语texere的原始词源，意思是“编织”（2002,404）。通过概念，我们不仅与世界建立关系，而且与世界建立关系。

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引用次数: 0

Self-documentation and participatory autonomy in language documentation 语言文档中的自文档化和参与性自治

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101808

Pablo Fuentes , Marisol Henriquez-Barahona , Sonia Vita

This article analyzes some material and conceptual implications of a participatory methodology and fieldwork design that is being implemented for the documentation of Chedungun, the geographical variant of Mapudungun spoken by the Pewenche in Alto Biobío, Chile. We show how self-documentation practices (i.e., community members conducting documentation themselves) can have a beneficial influence on three different aspects: knowledge, value, and agency. We argue that these non-intrusive practices need not oppose professional standards and can be conceived and implemented in co-existence with science-oriented documentation. Overall, self-documentation is a sustainable workflow allowing for an ecological knowledge flow, thus favoring the generation of intergenerational links among community members and a sense of participatory autonomy that satisfies ideals both within and beyond the indigenous community.

本文分析了一种参与式方法和实地调查设计的一些材料和概念含义，这些方法和设计正在用于记录切顿贡语，切顿贡语是智利阿尔托Biobío佩文奇人所说的马普顿贡语的地理变异。我们展示了自我文档化实践（例如，社区成员自己进行文档化）如何在三个不同的方面产生有益的影响：知识、价值和代理。我们认为，这些非侵入性的实践不需要反对专业标准，并且可以与科学导向的文档共存。总体而言，自我记录是一种可持续的工作流程，允许生态知识流动，从而有利于社区成员之间代际联系的产生，以及满足土著社区内外理想的参与性自治意识。

引用次数: 0

Emotion word meaning and grammatical class: do nouns and adjectives mean the same? 情感词的意义和语法类：名词和形容词的意思相同吗？

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101807

Cristina Soriano , Christelle Gillioz , Johnny R.J. Fontaine , Klaus R. Scherer

In the study of emotion across disciplines emotion labels such as ‘anger’, ‘fear’ or ‘joy’ are frequently used in experiments as stimuli or as response prompts. Both nouns (e.g., ‘anger’) and adjectives (e.g., ‘angry’) are used indistinctly, assumed to mean the same. However, grammatical class has been claimed to carry meaning, with nouns construing entities as “things” and adjectives as “qualities”. This could influence the way emotional experiences are represented in speakers' minds when emotions are coded in one or another grammatical form. Whether labels like ‘anger’ and ‘angry’ elicit different types of mental representation is an empirical question. To address it, we employ the GRID instrument, an interdisciplinary research tool designed to study the meaning of emotion words across languages and cultures. In the GRID studies, native speakers rate the likelihood that a number of emotion features may belong to the meaning of emotion words in their language. Earlier studies investigated the most representative 80 emotion nouns in English. In the current study we use the same instrument to study the adjectival form of those nouns. The results reveal no structural differences between the affective space captured by nouns and adjectives in English, and very high semantic profile correlations between both grammatical forms for each emotion concept. Specific differences between some noun-adjective pairs are presented. Finally, the study limitations and implications for the cross-disciplinary study of emotion are discussed.

在跨学科的情绪研究中，“愤怒”、“恐惧”或“喜悦”等情绪标签经常被用作实验中的刺激或反应提示。名词（如“愤怒”）和形容词（如“愤怒”）的用法含糊不清，被认为是相同的意思。然而，语法类被认为是有意义的，名词将实体定义为“事物”，形容词定义为“品质”。当情感以一种或另一种语法形式编码时，这可能会影响情感体验在说话者脑海中的表现方式。“愤怒”和“愤怒”这样的标签是否会引发不同类型的心理表征，这是一个实证问题。为了解决这个问题，我们使用了GRID工具，这是一种跨学科的研究工具，旨在研究跨语言和文化的情感词的含义。在GRID研究中，以母语为母语的人对一些情感特征可能属于他们语言中情感词的含义的可能性进行了评估。早期的研究调查了英语中最具代表性的80个情感名词。在当前的研究中，我们使用相同的工具来研究这些名词的形容词形式。结果表明，英语中名词和形容词所捕获的情感空间在结构上没有差异，而每种情感概念的两种语法形式之间存在非常高的语义相关性。指出了某些名词-形容词对之间的具体区别。最后，讨论了本研究的局限性及其对情感跨学科研究的启示。

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引用次数: 0

The pro-spatial and pro-temporal structures in Chinese and English news discourses: a cognitive-cultural contrastive analysis of topic chains 中英新闻语篇的亲空间和亲时间结构：话题链的认知文化对比分析

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101796

Wenbin Wang , Ke Li

This paper aims to explore the pro-spatial and pro-temporal structures in Chinese and English news discourses by contrastively analyzing their topic chains from a cognitive-cultural perspective. Specifically, this study analyzes a self-built corpus of news reports on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, collected from major Chinese and English newspapers using the equivalent keywords. The corpus covers the period from October 7, 2023 to January 14, 2024, and comprises 50 randomly selected news articles in each language, totaling 61,374 tokens in Chinese and 64,240 tokens in English. The findings suggest that, while both Chinese and English news discourses employ similar types of topic chains to signal topic progression, their chain structures differ. Chinese news topic chains, either intra-chain or inter-chain, tend to be fragmentary, as semantics typically guides their structuring, whereas English ones are more continuous, as syntax tends to lead and organize their progression. Consequently, when construing Chinese topic chains, the conceptualizer tends to follow a discrete path characterized by discrete summary scanning; on the contrary, when engaging with English topic chains, the conceptualizer traces a consecutive path that primarily relates to sequential scanning. The topic chain and conceptualization differences correspond to the cultural inclinations towards spatiality in Chinese and temporality in English.

本文旨在从认知文化视角对比分析中英新闻语篇的话题链，探讨中英新闻语篇的亲空间结构和亲时间结构。具体而言，本研究分析了一个自建的关于巴以冲突的新闻报道语料库，该语料库收集自主要的中文和英文报纸，使用等效关键词。语料库涵盖2023年10月7日至2024年1月14日，随机抽取各语种新闻稿件50篇，共61374个中文语料库和64240个英文语料库。研究结果表明，虽然中英文新闻语篇使用相似类型的话题链来表示话题进展，但它们的话题链结构不同。中文的新闻话题链，无论是链内的还是链间的，往往是碎片化的，因为语义通常指导它们的结构，而英语的新闻话题链则是连续的，因为语法往往引导和组织它们的进展。因此，在构建汉语主题链时，概念建构者倾向于遵循以离散摘要扫描为特征的离散路径；相反，当涉及到英语主题链时，概念化器追踪一个连续的路径，这主要与顺序扫描有关。话题链和概念化差异与汉语的空间性文化倾向和英语的时间性文化倾向相对应。

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引用次数: 0

Metaphor, ideology, and climate policy in Moroccan news: a corpus-based analysis 摩洛哥新闻中的隐喻、意识形态与气候政策：基于语料库的分析

IF 1.1 2区文学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Language Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.langsci.2026.101809

Abdelhakim El Moene

Metaphors play a constitutive role in how individuals conceptualize abstract and complex issues such as climate change. In climate change communication, metaphorical framings influence public understanding and policy debates, which makes them central to both conceptualization and persuasion. Yet, despite the growing body of scholarship, existing meta-analyses reveal a pronounced geographical imbalance: perspectives from the Global South remain underrepresented in scholarship, even though these regions are among the most vulnerable to climate impacts. This study addresses this gap by investigating metaphorical framings of climate change and climate action in Moroccan online news discourse. Drawing on a corpus of 195 articles from three leading news outlets, the analysis employs corpus-based metaphor identification techniques within the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the Event-Structure Metaphor. The corpus exhibits multiple metaphorical patterns; among these, the analysis identifies three interrelated conceptual metaphors: CLIMATE CHANGE IS RAPID MOTION, CLIMATE ACTION IS A JOURNEY, and CLIMATE ACTION IS A RACE—each of which draws on the embodied domains of motion, journey, and racing. Findings demonstrate how these metaphorical framings reproduce urgency, progress, and competitiveness while embedding neoliberal ideological orientations that align with global climate narratives and national policy agendas.

隐喻在个体如何概念化抽象和复杂的问题（如气候变化）中起着构成作用。在气候变化传播中，隐喻框架影响公众理解和政策辩论，这使它们成为概念化和说服的核心。然而，尽管学术研究越来越多，现有的荟萃分析显示出明显的地域不平衡：来自全球南方的观点在学术研究中仍然没有得到充分代表，尽管这些地区是最容易受到气候影响的地区之一。本研究通过调查摩洛哥在线新闻话语中气候变化和气候行动的隐喻框架来解决这一差距。在概念隐喻理论和事件结构隐喻的框架下，本文采用基于语料库的隐喻识别技术，分析了来自三家主要新闻媒体的195篇文章。语料库呈现多重隐喻模式；其中，分析确定了三个相互关联的概念隐喻：气候变化是快速运动，气候行动是一次旅程，气候行动是一场比赛——每一个都利用了运动、旅程和比赛的具体领域。研究结果表明，这些隐喻框架如何再现紧迫性、进步和竞争力，同时嵌入与全球气候叙事和国家政策议程一致的新自由主义意识形态取向。

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引用次数: 0