Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.3390/languages8040235
Pilar Couto-Cantero, Noemi Fraga-Castrillón, Giuseppe Trovato
The InnoDAT project is framed within the TRADILEX Project, which is aimed at demonstrating the applicability of Audiovisual Translation (AVT) for teaching and learning languages. TRADILEX is an ongoing project presented at a state-funded competitive call and supported by the Spanish Government. This article is aimed at presenting InnoDAT, an innovative project based in the use of AVT for teaching and learning languages through: Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (SDH). It has been designed to learn Spanish as a Second Foreign Language in an Italian Higher Education context according to a B2 CEFR level. The methodology used was developed by researchers of TRADILEX. Six tailormade Learning Units (LU), based on the SDH mode, were designed and implemented among participants (N = 97). Authentic materials and cultural matters were also used and adapted according to the B2 level. The results show a clear improvement in the process of teaching and learning languages, knowledge of the culture and traditions of the target language, and the consciousness of accessibility among the participants. The authors compare this innovative research with former research The InnoDAT project validates the applicability of the didactic audiovisual translation (DAT) as a means for learning languages and cultures within digital educational settings and how languages and cultures are intricately connected. Moreover, not only cultural issues but also accessibility were paramount in this research. Finally, motivation, autonomous and meaningful learning, communicative language competence, and digital competence were also nurtured by means of the InnoDAT project.
{"title":"InnoDAT—An Innovative Project Based on Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing for Learning Languages and Cultures","authors":"Pilar Couto-Cantero, Noemi Fraga-Castrillón, Giuseppe Trovato","doi":"10.3390/languages8040235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040235","url":null,"abstract":"The InnoDAT project is framed within the TRADILEX Project, which is aimed at demonstrating the applicability of Audiovisual Translation (AVT) for teaching and learning languages. TRADILEX is an ongoing project presented at a state-funded competitive call and supported by the Spanish Government. This article is aimed at presenting InnoDAT, an innovative project based in the use of AVT for teaching and learning languages through: Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (SDH). It has been designed to learn Spanish as a Second Foreign Language in an Italian Higher Education context according to a B2 CEFR level. The methodology used was developed by researchers of TRADILEX. Six tailormade Learning Units (LU), based on the SDH mode, were designed and implemented among participants (N = 97). Authentic materials and cultural matters were also used and adapted according to the B2 level. The results show a clear improvement in the process of teaching and learning languages, knowledge of the culture and traditions of the target language, and the consciousness of accessibility among the participants. The authors compare this innovative research with former research The InnoDAT project validates the applicability of the didactic audiovisual translation (DAT) as a means for learning languages and cultures within digital educational settings and how languages and cultures are intricately connected. Moreover, not only cultural issues but also accessibility were paramount in this research. Finally, motivation, autonomous and meaningful learning, communicative language competence, and digital competence were also nurtured by means of the InnoDAT project.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.3390/languages8040234
Karin Vivanco, Maria del Mar Bassa Vanrell
Attitude verbs describe mental states of their subject in relation to a proposition codified by their clausal complement. In this paper, we describe the behavior of such verbs in Karitiana, a Tupian language spoken in Brazil. Recently, it has been noted in the literature that embedded clauses with nominal features seem to lead to a factive reading of these verbs. In Karitiana, all embedded clauses are nominalized since they lack many clausal features, and conversely exhibit nominal distribution and behavior. We propose a structure with an N head for embedded clauses in Karitiana, which accounts for their morphological behavior and also explains why these constructions behave as strong islands. Judgments of contradiction with attitude verbs of Karitiana were collected and the results show that they fall into two categories: one that obligatorily entails the truth of the embedded clause and another that favors it, but that does not require it obligatorily. This shows that nominalization of embedded clauses seems to be tied to the presence of factive entailments, but this alone is not a sufficient condition to force a factive reading of the matrix attitude verb.
{"title":"Factive Entailments and Clausal Complementation in Karitiana","authors":"Karin Vivanco, Maria del Mar Bassa Vanrell","doi":"10.3390/languages8040234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040234","url":null,"abstract":"Attitude verbs describe mental states of their subject in relation to a proposition codified by their clausal complement. In this paper, we describe the behavior of such verbs in Karitiana, a Tupian language spoken in Brazil. Recently, it has been noted in the literature that embedded clauses with nominal features seem to lead to a factive reading of these verbs. In Karitiana, all embedded clauses are nominalized since they lack many clausal features, and conversely exhibit nominal distribution and behavior. We propose a structure with an N head for embedded clauses in Karitiana, which accounts for their morphological behavior and also explains why these constructions behave as strong islands. Judgments of contradiction with attitude verbs of Karitiana were collected and the results show that they fall into two categories: one that obligatorily entails the truth of the embedded clause and another that favors it, but that does not require it obligatorily. This shows that nominalization of embedded clauses seems to be tied to the presence of factive entailments, but this alone is not a sufficient condition to force a factive reading of the matrix attitude verb.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135854172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.3390/languages8040233
María Mare
This paper examines the distribution of ‘genitive’ pronouns in non-nominal domains in Spanish. These pronouns can alternate with constructions headed by the item de ‘of’ and a pronoun or other Determiner Phrases (DPs). In general Spanish, this alternation between a synthetic (nuestro ‘our’) and an analytic (de nosotros ‘of us’) option is found in the nominal domain. However, when looking at variation, this alternation appears in adverbial, verbal, and adjectival domains too. We discuss this phenomenon from a neo-constructionist approach, which assumes the late insertion of phonological exponents. We propose that the analytic and the synthetic options have almost the same syntactic structure, the only difference being the nature of the nominalizer’s φ-features. When the nominalizer values its φ-features, it can be lexicalized alone, and the ‘genitive’ pronoun lexicalizes the rest of the structure, including the introducer p/Place. Otherwise, when the nominalizer cannot (or needs not to) value its features, a ‘non-genitive’ pronoun lexicalizes the pronominal structure, and the head p/Place is lexicalized by the item de. Our proposal explains the complementary distribution between agreement/nominal morphology and the item de observed in many Spanish constructions. Different consequences are advantageously deduced.
本文研究了西班牙语非名词性领域中“属格”代词的分布。这些代词可以与以“of”开头的结构和代词或其他限定词交替使用。在一般的西班牙语中，这种合成(nuestro ' our ')和分析(de nosotros ' of us ')选项之间的交替出现在名义领域。然而，当观察变化时，这种变化也出现在状语、动词和形容词领域。我们从一种新建构主义的方法来讨论这一现象，该方法假设语音指数的后期插入。我们提出，分析选项和综合选项具有几乎相同的句法结构，唯一的区别是名词化的φ-特征的性质。当名词化器重视其φ-特征时，它可以单独词汇化，而“属格”代词则可以词汇化结构的其余部分，包括引入者p/Place。否则，当名词化器不能(或不需要)评价其特征时，“非属”代词将代词结构词汇化，而词头p/Place则被词项de词汇化。我们的建议解释了在许多西班牙语结构中观察到的协议/名义形态和词项de之间的互补分布。有利地推断出不同的结果。
{"title":"A Formal Approach to Spanish ‘Genitive’ Pronouns in Non-Nominal Domains","authors":"María Mare","doi":"10.3390/languages8040233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040233","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the distribution of ‘genitive’ pronouns in non-nominal domains in Spanish. These pronouns can alternate with constructions headed by the item de ‘of’ and a pronoun or other Determiner Phrases (DPs). In general Spanish, this alternation between a synthetic (nuestro ‘our’) and an analytic (de nosotros ‘of us’) option is found in the nominal domain. However, when looking at variation, this alternation appears in adverbial, verbal, and adjectival domains too. We discuss this phenomenon from a neo-constructionist approach, which assumes the late insertion of phonological exponents. We propose that the analytic and the synthetic options have almost the same syntactic structure, the only difference being the nature of the nominalizer’s φ-features. When the nominalizer values its φ-features, it can be lexicalized alone, and the ‘genitive’ pronoun lexicalizes the rest of the structure, including the introducer p/Place. Otherwise, when the nominalizer cannot (or needs not to) value its features, a ‘non-genitive’ pronoun lexicalizes the pronominal structure, and the head p/Place is lexicalized by the item de. Our proposal explains the complementary distribution between agreement/nominal morphology and the item de observed in many Spanish constructions. Different consequences are advantageously deduced.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.3390/languages8040232
Cristina Díaz-Martín
Over the years, the integration of technology in bilingual education has become increasingly significant. In the European context, particularly in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), supporting the professional development of future educators has emerged as a crucial aspect. Video-based technology plays a key role in the training of pre-service language teachers, where it serves as a valuable tool for teacher education. There is a growing demand to enhance language teachers’ professional development programs, especially within the realm of CLIL teacher education. This study presents a video-based technology training programme intended to enhance the professional development of pre-service language teachers in CLIL. After implementation of the video-based training programme, semi-structured interviews with pre-service language teachers were conducted to evaluate the impact of the programme. The results show a positive influence on the pre-service language teachers’ professional development. The utilization of video-based technology was found to significantly improve their comprehension of CLIL while fostering their awareness of their teaching practice. For the research community, these encouraging results should act as a driving force to continue exploring video technology within teacher education programs in CLIL to enhance educators’ professional development.
{"title":"Professional Development of Pre-Service Language Teachers in Content and Language Integrated Learning: A Training Programme Integrating Video Technology","authors":"Cristina Díaz-Martín","doi":"10.3390/languages8040232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040232","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the integration of technology in bilingual education has become increasingly significant. In the European context, particularly in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), supporting the professional development of future educators has emerged as a crucial aspect. Video-based technology plays a key role in the training of pre-service language teachers, where it serves as a valuable tool for teacher education. There is a growing demand to enhance language teachers’ professional development programs, especially within the realm of CLIL teacher education. This study presents a video-based technology training programme intended to enhance the professional development of pre-service language teachers in CLIL. After implementation of the video-based training programme, semi-structured interviews with pre-service language teachers were conducted to evaluate the impact of the programme. The results show a positive influence on the pre-service language teachers’ professional development. The utilization of video-based technology was found to significantly improve their comprehension of CLIL while fostering their awareness of their teaching practice. For the research community, these encouraging results should act as a driving force to continue exploring video technology within teacher education programs in CLIL to enhance educators’ professional development.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.3390/languages8040231
Kendra V. Dickinson
This project investigates English–Spanish codeswitching in internet memes posted to the Facebook page, We are mitú (mitú), and analyzes how lexical insertions and quotatives contribute to the enregisterment of linguistic patterns and the construction of collective identity among U.S. Latinx millennials in virtual social spaces. Data include instances of lexical insertion (n = 280) and quotative mixed codes (n = 114) drawn from a collected corpus of 765 image–text memes. The most frequent lexical insertions included food items (e.g., elote and pozole), kinship terms (e.g., abuelita and tía), and culturally specific artifacts or practices (e.g., quinceañera and lotería), which reflect biculturalism and rely on a shared set of references for the construction of a group identity. Additionally, the quotatives in the data construct Spanish-speaking characterological figures that enregister a particular brand of U.S. Latinx millennial identity that includes being bilingual, having Spanish-speaking parents, and having strong ties to Latinx culture. Overall, this work highlights not only internet memes as a vehicle for enregisterment, but also, and more importantly, how the language resources employed within them work to enregister linguistic and cultural norms of U.S. Latinx millennials, and thereby, play a role in identity construction in virtual social spaces.
该项目调查了Facebook页面We are mitú (mitú)上发布的网络模因中的英语-西班牙语代码转换，并分析了词汇插入和引用如何在虚拟社交空间中促进美国拉丁裔千禧一代的语言模式登记和集体身份建构。数据包括从收集的765个图像-文本模因语料库中提取的词汇插入实例(n = 280)和引用混合代码实例(n = 114)。最常见的词汇插入包括食物项目(例如elote和pozole)，亲属关系术语(例如abuelita和tía)，以及文化特定的人工制品或实践(例如quinceañera和lotería)，这些都反映了双文化主义，并依赖于一组共享的参考来构建群体身份。此外，数据中的引语构建了讲西班牙语的特征人物，这些人物注册了美国拉丁裔千禧一代的特定品牌，包括双语、有讲西班牙语的父母、与拉丁文化有很强的联系。总的来说，这项工作不仅强调了网络模因作为登记的工具，而且更重要的是，其中使用的语言资源如何登记美国拉丁裔千禧一代的语言和文化规范，从而在虚拟社会空间的身份建构中发挥作用。
{"title":"What Does It Meme? English–Spanish Codeswitching and Enregisterment in Virtual Social Space","authors":"Kendra V. Dickinson","doi":"10.3390/languages8040231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040231","url":null,"abstract":"This project investigates English–Spanish codeswitching in internet memes posted to the Facebook page, We are mitú (mitú), and analyzes how lexical insertions and quotatives contribute to the enregisterment of linguistic patterns and the construction of collective identity among U.S. Latinx millennials in virtual social spaces. Data include instances of lexical insertion (n = 280) and quotative mixed codes (n = 114) drawn from a collected corpus of 765 image–text memes. The most frequent lexical insertions included food items (e.g., elote and pozole), kinship terms (e.g., abuelita and tía), and culturally specific artifacts or practices (e.g., quinceañera and lotería), which reflect biculturalism and rely on a shared set of references for the construction of a group identity. Additionally, the quotatives in the data construct Spanish-speaking characterological figures that enregister a particular brand of U.S. Latinx millennial identity that includes being bilingual, having Spanish-speaking parents, and having strong ties to Latinx culture. Overall, this work highlights not only internet memes as a vehicle for enregisterment, but also, and more importantly, how the language resources employed within them work to enregister linguistic and cultural norms of U.S. Latinx millennials, and thereby, play a role in identity construction in virtual social spaces.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136358106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.3390/languages8040230
Qi He, Ting Hu
Against the backdrop of globalization, migration, and the growing dominance of English as a lingua franca, analyzing and understanding multilingualism and its relationship to identity is a complex and challenging task [...]
{"title":"Book Review: Ayres-Bennett and Fisher, Eds. (2022). Multilingualism and Identity: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-1-108-49020-7 (hbk)","authors":"Qi He, Ting Hu","doi":"10.3390/languages8040230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040230","url":null,"abstract":"Against the backdrop of globalization, migration, and the growing dominance of English as a lingua franca, analyzing and understanding multilingualism and its relationship to identity is a complex and challenging task [...]","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.3390/languages8040229
F. Nihan Ketrez
Whether non-case-marked objects with and without the numeral bir in Turkish have the same structural properties or not has been a topic of discussion for decades. This study aims to contribute to this discussion with experimental data that compares the comprehension of these object types along with their accusative-marked indefinite counterparts in terms of their scope with respect to negation by four-, five-, and six-year-old children as well as adults. The results suggest that both non-case-marked objects with and without bir contrast with accusative-marked indefinite objects and have a narrow scope with respect to negation in adults’ speech. However, bir can still have a main effect on the interpretation of the objects, just like the accusative case, and unlike non-case-marked objects without bir, objects with bir may scope over negation. Children treat all object types alike at age four and distinguish objects with and without bir at age five. These findings are compatible with an account that assumes different structures for two types of non-case-marked objects.
{"title":"Are Turkish Non-Case-Marked Objects with and without bir Interpreted and Acquired Differently?","authors":"F. Nihan Ketrez","doi":"10.3390/languages8040229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040229","url":null,"abstract":"Whether non-case-marked objects with and without the numeral bir in Turkish have the same structural properties or not has been a topic of discussion for decades. This study aims to contribute to this discussion with experimental data that compares the comprehension of these object types along with their accusative-marked indefinite counterparts in terms of their scope with respect to negation by four-, five-, and six-year-old children as well as adults. The results suggest that both non-case-marked objects with and without bir contrast with accusative-marked indefinite objects and have a narrow scope with respect to negation in adults’ speech. However, bir can still have a main effect on the interpretation of the objects, just like the accusative case, and unlike non-case-marked objects without bir, objects with bir may scope over negation. Children treat all object types alike at age four and distinguish objects with and without bir at age five. These findings are compatible with an account that assumes different structures for two types of non-case-marked objects.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-23DOI: 10.3390/languages8040228
Brianna Butera, Rajiv Rao, Maryann Parada
Motivated by a growing body of research on heritage Spanish prosody, the current study uses the Sp_ToBi framework for the transcription of Spanish intonation to report trends in phonological targets of broad focus declaratives produced by heritage speakers of Chilean Spanish living in Stockholm, Sweden. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews from six participants belonging to the same social network including two Spanish-dominant first-generation immigrants and four Swedish-dominant second-generation speakers who were born and raised in Sweden and are heritage speakers of Spanish. The G1 participants are the primary source of Spanish input for the G2 speakers. Data were analyzed by identifying word- and phrase-level phonological targets and associating them with the appropriate pitch accent and boundary tones. Results show that the heritage Spanish declarative intonation patterns of the G2 speakers closely resemble those of the G1 speakers. These patterns are scrutinized in terms of the potential influence of Swedish and/or other varieties of Spanish. This analysis exhibits evidence of the importance of source input variety and cross-generational transmission of phonological targets in a heritage language as well as the potential contributions of multiple intonational systems in forming the phonological inventory of heritage speakers.
{"title":"A Preliminary Exploration of Declarative Intonation in the Chilean Diaspora of Sweden","authors":"Brianna Butera, Rajiv Rao, Maryann Parada","doi":"10.3390/languages8040228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040228","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by a growing body of research on heritage Spanish prosody, the current study uses the Sp_ToBi framework for the transcription of Spanish intonation to report trends in phonological targets of broad focus declaratives produced by heritage speakers of Chilean Spanish living in Stockholm, Sweden. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews from six participants belonging to the same social network including two Spanish-dominant first-generation immigrants and four Swedish-dominant second-generation speakers who were born and raised in Sweden and are heritage speakers of Spanish. The G1 participants are the primary source of Spanish input for the G2 speakers. Data were analyzed by identifying word- and phrase-level phonological targets and associating them with the appropriate pitch accent and boundary tones. Results show that the heritage Spanish declarative intonation patterns of the G2 speakers closely resemble those of the G1 speakers. These patterns are scrutinized in terms of the potential influence of Swedish and/or other varieties of Spanish. This analysis exhibits evidence of the importance of source input variety and cross-generational transmission of phonological targets in a heritage language as well as the potential contributions of multiple intonational systems in forming the phonological inventory of heritage speakers.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135966869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.3390/languages8040227
Vincenzo Nicolò Di Caro
This paper is meant as a contribution to the research project on variation and optionality in the determiner system in Italo-Romance, with novel data from the Sicilian dialect of Delia. The study is based on fieldwork interviews and the construction of a small corpus of 850 observations by 24 native speakers of Deliano (mean age: 36.37; age range: 19–72). The participants were asked to (i) describe in Deliano a 3 min videotape of an Italian speaking woman during her shopping session at a supermarket and (ii) talk about their own shopping routines in Deliano. These activities were designed mainly to detect the following strategies to express indefiniteness: (i) ART, i.e., a definite article with an indefinite interpretation; (ii) ZERO, a zero determiner for bare nouns; (iii) DI+ART, the so-called “partitive article”; (iv) pseudo-partitives such as ‘a bit of’; (v) the grammaticalised cardinal ‘two’; and (vi) the grammaticalised cardinal ‘four’. The data confirm (i) the preference for ZERO in negative episodic sentences in the past; (ii) the general lack of bare DI and DI+ART, and of certo ‘certain’ used as an indefinite; (iii) the use of different specialised forms of pseudo-partitive ‘a bit of’ in older speakers of Deliano; (iv) the neutralisation of this pseudo-partitive specialisation and the consequent emergence of some true optionality in younger speakers.
本文旨在对意大利-罗曼语中限定词系统的变化和可选性研究项目作出贡献，该研究项目使用了来自迪利亚西西里方言的新数据。该研究基于实地访谈和一个小型语料库的构建，该语料库由24名母语为Deliano的人(平均年龄:36.37;年龄范围:19-72岁)。参与者被要求(i)用Deliano描述一段3分钟的录像，录像中是一位讲意大利语的妇女在超市购物的过程;(ii)谈论他们自己在Deliano的购物习惯。这些活动主要是为了检测下列表达不确定性的策略:(i) ART，即具有不确定解释的定冠词;(ii) ZERO，用于裸名词的零限定词;(iii) DI+ART，即所谓的“分割条款”;(iv)伪分词，如“a bit of”;(v)文法化的基数“二”;(六)语法化的基数“四”。数据证实了(1)过去时否定情景句对零的偏好;(ii)一般缺乏纯DI和DI+ART，以及“确定”用作不确定词;(三)老年德利亚诺语使用者对伪分词“a bit of”不同特殊形式的使用;(iv)这种伪分词专门化的中性化，以及由此在年轻说话者中出现的一些真正的选择性。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.3390/languages8040225
Gregory Antono, Francisco França Miguel Makusi, Isabella Coutinho Costa, Suzi Lima
This paper discusses how pluractionality is expressed in Macuxi (Cariban), a South American Indigenous language spoken in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela. Cross-linguistically, the multiplicity of an action can be expressed by means of specialized pluractional morphemes affixed on verbs, via adverbs, or by reduplication. Previous work on Macuxi claimed that the iterative suffix -pîtî indicates a multiplicity of actions, whereas verbal reduplication is mentioned but scarcely described, and is associated with the interpretation of multiple events. Based on data from context-based elicitation, we show that verbal reduplication is impacted by Aktionsart (activity and semelfactive verbs, which denote unbounded, atelic events, have a higher tendency to be reduplicated) and that reduplicated verbs are often associated with an intensity interpretation. On the other hand, the suffix -pîtî functions as a pluractional marker that encodes a multiplicity of events and is predictable via a Lasersohnian analysis.
{"title":"Pluractionality of Events in Macuxi: A Morpho-Syntactic and Semantic Analysis","authors":"Gregory Antono, Francisco França Miguel Makusi, Isabella Coutinho Costa, Suzi Lima","doi":"10.3390/languages8040225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8040225","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses how pluractionality is expressed in Macuxi (Cariban), a South American Indigenous language spoken in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela. Cross-linguistically, the multiplicity of an action can be expressed by means of specialized pluractional morphemes affixed on verbs, via adverbs, or by reduplication. Previous work on Macuxi claimed that the iterative suffix -pîtî indicates a multiplicity of actions, whereas verbal reduplication is mentioned but scarcely described, and is associated with the interpretation of multiple events. Based on data from context-based elicitation, we show that verbal reduplication is impacted by Aktionsart (activity and semelfactive verbs, which denote unbounded, atelic events, have a higher tendency to be reduplicated) and that reduplicated verbs are often associated with an intensity interpretation. On the other hand, the suffix -pîtî functions as a pluractional marker that encodes a multiplicity of events and is predictable via a Lasersohnian analysis.","PeriodicalId":52329,"journal":{"name":"Languages","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136060511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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