Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.13
S. Setiawan, Ayunita Leliana, Fera Ratyaningrum, D. P. Ramendra, X. Renfei
In public areas, exposure to various languages is also beginning to be easily found in tourist cities. As far as observation, research on the linguistic landscape (hereinafter LL) in the public area is still not widely carried out, let alone lexicology is added. This study aims to: (1) know the existence of languages in the public domain as LL in tourist destinations in Bali, (2) reveal considerations that underlie the use of languages in LL in the public area, (3) explore society's perceptions towards the use of languages in LL in the public area, and (4) show the implications of the phenomenon of the use of languages in the public domain. This research uses qualitative methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. The object of the study is language exposure in public areas of tourist destinations in Bali. There are (4) four findings obtained, namely: (1) Balinese occupies the fourth position among the languages displayed in the public domain, and the top-down category gets a higher percentage of the bottom-up category, (2) Affixation is one of the lexicological processes found in LL and it was predominantly monolingual, (3) Most participants stated that the use of a variety of languages in LL is for revealing their identity, (4) As readers of LL, the society stated that the variety of languages in LL (Indonesian, English, Balinese, Mandarin, and Mixed Languages) is important to display because they know the variety of Languages, and (5) society has a prediction that Balinese will not continue to develop and disappear due to the high intensity of foreign language use in the tourism sector in Bali.
{"title":"“Battle” between languages over the public area in the tourism destination city of Bali: lexicological and linguistic landscape perspectives","authors":"S. Setiawan, Ayunita Leliana, Fera Ratyaningrum, D. P. Ramendra, X. Renfei","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.13","url":null,"abstract":"In public areas, exposure to various languages is also beginning to be easily found in tourist cities. As far as observation, research on the linguistic landscape (hereinafter LL) in the public area is still not widely carried out, let alone lexicology is added. This study aims to: (1) know the existence of languages in the public domain as LL in tourist destinations in Bali, (2) reveal considerations that underlie the use of languages in LL in the public area, (3) explore society's perceptions towards the use of languages in LL in the public area, and (4) show the implications of the phenomenon of the use of languages in the public domain. This research uses qualitative methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. The object of the study is language exposure in public areas of tourist destinations in Bali. There are (4) four findings obtained, namely: (1) Balinese occupies the fourth position among the languages displayed in the public domain, and the top-down category gets a higher percentage of the bottom-up category, (2) Affixation is one of the lexicological processes found in LL and it was predominantly monolingual, (3) Most participants stated that the use of a variety of languages in LL is for revealing their identity, (4) As readers of LL, the society stated that the variety of languages in LL (Indonesian, English, Balinese, Mandarin, and Mixed Languages) is important to display because they know the variety of Languages, and (5) society has a prediction that Balinese will not continue to develop and disappear due to the high intensity of foreign language use in the tourism sector in Bali.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47238974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.05
May Chan Myae Zaw, Alpatova Polina Nikolaevna
This article is devoted to the study of the formation and characteristics of ambiguous (polysemous) words in modern Russian terminology of the energy industry. In this article formation and development of terminology in Russia, the role of terminology in the XX and XXI centuries, the concept of terms and terminology in modern Russian linguistics, and the essence of polysemous terms in the energy industry are considered. This study is carried out by the lexico-semantic approach, observation, collecting and analysis of data. As the result of the collected data analysis, it can be concluded that 1) a number of ambiguous (polysemous) terms is found in the terminology of the energy industry; 2) those terms are widely used in different scientific texts, discourses and research; 3) some of them can be found with the similar or different meanings in various scientific fields; 4) the intended meaning of a polysemous term can be identified according to the context. The results of this article can be used in teaching and learning the Russian language as a native or a foreign language, in the development of training courses for professional communications, for translation of scientific texts and in the creation of dictionaries.
{"title":"Ambiguity in the Russian terminology of the energy industry","authors":"May Chan Myae Zaw, Alpatova Polina Nikolaevna","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the study of the formation and characteristics of ambiguous (polysemous) words in modern Russian terminology of the energy industry. In this article formation and development of terminology in Russia, the role of terminology in the XX and XXI centuries, the concept of terms and terminology in modern Russian linguistics, and the essence of polysemous terms in the energy industry are considered. This study is carried out by the lexico-semantic approach, observation, collecting and analysis of data. As the result of the collected data analysis, it can be concluded that 1) a number of ambiguous (polysemous) terms is found in the terminology of the energy industry; 2) those terms are widely used in different scientific texts, discourses and research; 3) some of them can be found with the similar or different meanings in various scientific fields; 4) the intended meaning of a polysemous term can be identified according to the context. The results of this article can be used in teaching and learning the Russian language as a native or a foreign language, in the development of training courses for professional communications, for translation of scientific texts and in the creation of dictionaries.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47906246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.09
Evgenia Kislyakova, E. Zvereva, I. Mitrofanova, Liudmila V. Krivoshlykova, S. G. Korovina
The article is devoted to alterity as a communication category in terms of linguocognitive and discursive approaches. The article gives an in-depth insight into alterity as a communication category in the cognitive and discursive aspects. Being an indispensable part of communication and cognition, the category has its own meaning presenting the communicative interaction within the frame "I – the Other". The category of alterity has its own set of category properties, which are specified uniquely in different languages. The article includes a description of the linguistic means and communicative strategies and tactics, with the help of which the category of alterity is realized in fiction. The category content is variable in the discourse, and it serves ground for the ecological and non-ecological modes of communication. The results of the research are verified with the help of the following methods employed in the research: the analysis of key concepts, comparative analysis, contextual analysis, discursive analysis. The study of special linguoallological (from allology – a science about the Other) competence forms the perspective of the research.
{"title":"Alterity as a term and a communication category: linguocognitive and discursive approach","authors":"Evgenia Kislyakova, E. Zvereva, I. Mitrofanova, Liudmila V. Krivoshlykova, S. G. Korovina","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to alterity as a communication category in terms of linguocognitive and discursive approaches. The article gives an in-depth insight into alterity as a communication category in the cognitive and discursive aspects. Being an indispensable part of communication and cognition, the category has its own meaning presenting the communicative interaction within the frame \"I – the Other\". The category of alterity has its own set of category properties, which are specified uniquely in different languages. The article includes a description of the linguistic means and communicative strategies and tactics, with the help of which the category of alterity is realized in fiction. The category content is variable in the discourse, and it serves ground for the ecological and non-ecological modes of communication. The results of the research are verified with the help of the following methods employed in the research: the analysis of key concepts, comparative analysis, contextual analysis, discursive analysis. The study of special linguoallological (from allology – a science about the Other) competence forms the perspective of the research.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42467636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.15
J. Baghana, T. Voloshina, Y. Glebova, Olga O. Chernova, Victor N. Karpenko
The article deals with the peculiarities of linguistic and cultural code-specific features which have a significant impact on the successful communication process within the framework of intercultural interaction. According to the research work, the basic ground of cross-cultural communication operates with definitions and cultural elements, which are of primary importance in the language-mastering process and adaptation procedure to the foreign language environment. The authors of the research work analyze the concepts of code existing processes in modern linguistics, considering the key components of the linguistic and cultural code, stressing the complex nature of intercultural communication procedure due to the subjective application of individual background knowledge of a person while adapting to a foreign country's language and culture environment. Special attention is paid to the process of code-switching, which entails a stage of the new coding system. The analyzed process is a system of subcodes transformation procedure while sub coding information is carried out using an unlimited number of verbal and nonverbal communication signs. The article presents the author's ideas about the strategic influence of Standard British English on the language and cultural conditions of such language variants as Nigerian English. Being used as the official language, Nigerian English presents a hybrid type language variant, adapting British English phonetics, lexis and grammar to the needs of local cultures and languages. The code-switching process from local languages into English in formal communication is a typical process for Nigerians. While analyzing the specific features of the code-switching process in Nigerian English, the authors stress the necessity of paying attention to all language group variants: basilect, mesolect and acrolect, which are equally used in Nigerian society. One must admit code-switching process results in the popularity of Nigerian Pidgin English which has become the most popular unofficial language to nearly all Nigerian social groups thanks to it simplification in all language levels. Nigerian cultures and languages made Standard British English adapt to the local environment due to the needs of speakers. To conclude, the authors stress the specificity of the speaker is revealed in the process of cross-cultural communication and adaptation based on the peculiarities of the peoples' mentality as well as on a communicant's national character specificity.
{"title":"Language and cultural code peculiarities within the framework of cross-cultural communication","authors":"J. Baghana, T. Voloshina, Y. Glebova, Olga O. Chernova, Victor N. Karpenko","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the peculiarities of linguistic and cultural code-specific features which have a significant impact on the successful communication process within the framework of intercultural interaction. According to the research work, the basic ground of cross-cultural communication operates with definitions and cultural elements, which are of primary importance in the language-mastering process and adaptation procedure to the foreign language environment. The authors of the research work analyze the concepts of code existing processes in modern linguistics, considering the key components of the linguistic and cultural code, stressing the complex nature of intercultural communication procedure due to the subjective application of individual background knowledge of a person while adapting to a foreign country's language and culture environment. Special attention is paid to the process of code-switching, which entails a stage of the new coding system. The analyzed process is a system of subcodes transformation procedure while sub coding information is carried out using an unlimited number of verbal and nonverbal communication signs. The article presents the author's ideas about the strategic influence of Standard British English on the language and cultural conditions of such language variants as Nigerian English. Being used as the official language, Nigerian English presents a hybrid type language variant, adapting British English phonetics, lexis and grammar to the needs of local cultures and languages. The code-switching process from local languages into English in formal communication is a typical process for Nigerians. While analyzing the specific features of the code-switching process in Nigerian English, the authors stress the necessity of paying attention to all language group variants: basilect, mesolect and acrolect, which are equally used in Nigerian society. One must admit code-switching process results in the popularity of Nigerian Pidgin English which has become the most popular unofficial language to nearly all Nigerian social groups thanks to it simplification in all language levels. Nigerian cultures and languages made Standard British English adapt to the local environment due to the needs of speakers. To conclude, the authors stress the specificity of the speaker is revealed in the process of cross-cultural communication and adaptation based on the peculiarities of the peoples' mentality as well as on a communicant's national character specificity.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44432734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.19
Karylgash U. Kinzhagaliyeva, S. Nurkenova, Zhanna Ospanova, Zhanar Tusselbayeva, A. Maimakova
The article is devoted to the study of the sub-standard vocabulary of the English language using examples of American slang, which makes up its main part. The development of language and society entails the constant emergence of new units of both standard and non-standard vocabulary. Knowledge of this layer of vocabulary is necessary for a better understanding of native English speakers, modern literature and mass media. The definitions and stylistic characteristics of the layers of non-standard vocabulary are indicated, combining them into a lexico-semantic paradigm based on the principle of socio-cultural and stylistic determinism of their functioning. The communicative structure of a literary text as a linguocultural space is determined to identify the stylistic characteristics of non-standard lexical units. The features of the conceptualization of the world through non-standard vocabulary are revealed. In addition, the article describes the communicative and pragmatic techniques of non-standard vocabulary at the lexical and semantic levels. At the word-formation level, non-standard compatibility manifests itself, as a rule, through a language game created with the help of word-formation means, as a rule, it is affixation, contamination, abbreviation, truncation.
{"title":"The communicative and pragmatic potential of non-standard vocabulary","authors":"Karylgash U. Kinzhagaliyeva, S. Nurkenova, Zhanna Ospanova, Zhanar Tusselbayeva, A. Maimakova","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.19","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the sub-standard vocabulary of the English language using examples of American slang, which makes up its main part. The development of language and society entails the constant emergence of new units of both standard and non-standard vocabulary. Knowledge of this layer of vocabulary is necessary for a better understanding of native English speakers, modern literature and mass media. The definitions and stylistic characteristics of the layers of non-standard vocabulary are indicated, combining them into a lexico-semantic paradigm based on the principle of socio-cultural and stylistic determinism of their functioning. The communicative structure of a literary text as a linguocultural space is determined to identify the stylistic characteristics of non-standard lexical units. The features of the conceptualization of the world through non-standard vocabulary are revealed. In addition, the article describes the communicative and pragmatic techniques of non-standard vocabulary at the lexical and semantic levels. At the word-formation level, non-standard compatibility manifests itself, as a rule, through a language game created with the help of word-formation means, as a rule, it is affixation, contamination, abbreviation, truncation.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67668654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.03
M. Lychuk, M. Navalna, L. Marchuk, Svitlana Shchabat-Savka, O. Skliarenko
The article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic means for describing the communicative strategy of sympathy. The study is based on the interpretation of the communicative strategy as a communication model aimed at planning the speech process. The article describes the linguistic means of expressing the communicative strategy of sympathy in English and the activity of using it. In the list of linguistic means, the following ones are marked with certain productivity: certain lexical items, in particular poor; standardized phrases, clichés, etc. The study analyzes the typical means of expressing sympathy, in particular language constructions, in the Ukrainian language. Some language means of expressing sympathy in the Ukrainian language reinforce the dynamic change of speech dynamics. The specificity of the communicative strategy of sympathy in both English and Ukrainian languages is characterized based on fiction. The techniques during the translation of the communicative strategy of sympathy from English to Ukrainian have been determined.
{"title":"The communicative strategy of sympathy: linguistic means of expression and problems of translation","authors":"M. Lychuk, M. Navalna, L. Marchuk, Svitlana Shchabat-Savka, O. Skliarenko","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic means for describing the communicative strategy of sympathy. The study is based on the interpretation of the communicative strategy as a communication model aimed at planning the speech process. The article describes the linguistic means of expressing the communicative strategy of sympathy in English and the activity of using it. In the list of linguistic means, the following ones are marked with certain productivity: certain lexical items, in particular poor; standardized phrases, clichés, etc. The study analyzes the typical means of expressing sympathy, in particular language constructions, in the Ukrainian language. Some language means of expressing sympathy in the Ukrainian language reinforce the dynamic change of speech dynamics. The specificity of the communicative strategy of sympathy in both English and Ukrainian languages is characterized based on fiction. The techniques during the translation of the communicative strategy of sympathy from English to Ukrainian have been determined.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46899938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.14
Madina Kapeu-Kokhanova, Dana Zhunusbekovna Zhumabekova, A. Zhalalova, J. Dosmagambetova, M. Sarkulova
The concept (from Lat. conceptio – understanding, system) – a certain way of understanding, interpreting any phenomena, the main point of view, the guiding idea for their coverage; a system of views on phenomena in the world, in nature, in society; a leading idea, a constructive principle in scientific, artistic, technical, political and other activities; a set of views related to each other and arising from one another, a system of ways to solve the chosen problem; a way of understanding, distinguishing and interpreting any phenomena that generate considerations and conclusions inherent only for this method. The concept defines the strategy of actions. Different concepts have their own terminological apparatus. This article examines the issues of differentiation of such terms as "concept", "concept" and "meaning". The linguistic differentiation of these terms is determined by comparing their content, basis and scope. The correlation of the terms “concept” is considered from the point of view of various linguistic schools and directions. The content of terms in the research of philosophers, logicians and psychologists is described. The list of basic characteristics of the concept that distinguish it from the concept is given. The cognitive essence of the concept as a meaningful unit of the conceptual system and human memory is characterized. One of the debatable issues of the communicative-cognitive paradigm is the ratio of "concept" and "meaning". The article examines the most common points of view of researchers on this issue as they appear. The dilution of these concepts is an important aspect in the lexicographic description of cognitive linguistics terms. This article analyzes the conceptual range of terms "concept", "meaning", closely related to each other and in constant interaction in modern linguistics. The analyzed terms have both unifying and distinctive properties. These are one ordinal, but not equivalent categories of thinking: they are considered in various communication systems.
{"title":"Correlation of the terms \"concept\" and \"meaning\" in modern linguistics","authors":"Madina Kapeu-Kokhanova, Dana Zhunusbekovna Zhumabekova, A. Zhalalova, J. Dosmagambetova, M. Sarkulova","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.14","url":null,"abstract":"The concept (from Lat. conceptio – understanding, system) – a certain way of understanding, interpreting any phenomena, the main point of view, the guiding idea for their coverage; a system of views on phenomena in the world, in nature, in society; a leading idea, a constructive principle in scientific, artistic, technical, political and other activities; a set of views related to each other and arising from one another, a system of ways to solve the chosen problem; a way of understanding, distinguishing and interpreting any phenomena that generate considerations and conclusions inherent only for this method. The concept defines the strategy of actions. Different concepts have their own terminological apparatus. This article examines the issues of differentiation of such terms as \"concept\", \"concept\" and \"meaning\". The linguistic differentiation of these terms is determined by comparing their content, basis and scope. The correlation of the terms “concept” is considered from the point of view of various linguistic schools and directions. The content of terms in the research of philosophers, logicians and psychologists is described. The list of basic characteristics of the concept that distinguish it from the concept is given. The cognitive essence of the concept as a meaningful unit of the conceptual system and human memory is characterized. One of the debatable issues of the communicative-cognitive paradigm is the ratio of \"concept\" and \"meaning\". The article examines the most common points of view of researchers on this issue as they appear. The dilution of these concepts is an important aspect in the lexicographic description of cognitive linguistics terms. This article analyzes the conceptual range of terms \"concept\", \"meaning\", closely related to each other and in constant interaction in modern linguistics. The analyzed terms have both unifying and distinctive properties. These are one ordinal, but not equivalent categories of thinking: they are considered in various communication systems.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46132339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.11
Shokhayeva Karlygash, A. Auyelbekova, Gulnar Shomanova, S. Dutbayeva, M. Zhapanova
Word formation is a branch of linguistics in which the ways of forming words of a language are studied. By studying word formation, one can understand the means of enriching the language as a whole. After all, the language we speak is constantly changing, everything that happens in society is reflected in the language through new words and word meanings, and the main source of the appearance of new words in the language is word formation. This article is devoted to the study of word-formation models in the English language. The article contains information about the main word-formation models in the English language, their problems, features and classifications. In addition, this article discusses a new vocabulary, which is constantly replenished by all modern languages due to the intensive development of all spheres of human activity. In this case, English is no exception, and among the many sources that fix neologisms in this language. The focus is on the aspect of word formation of neologisms, namely all the traditional ways: affixation, word composition, reduction and conversion. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the word composition occupies the first place in productivity, reduction – in the second, affixation – in the third, conversion – in the last. This means that word composition has not lost its leading positions, and affixation and conversion have become less common. It is interesting to note the continued productivity of the following word composition and conversion models. In affixation, prefixes of Latin origin were the most frequent, as well as such suffixes. Also, this article is an analysis of the main scientific concepts that reveal the essence of the theory of word formation: its place in the language system. The area of controversial issues concerning the morpheme as the main unit of word formation is outlined. The author focuses on a comprehensive approach to the theory of word formation in projection on the practice of word analysis.
{"title":"Features of word formation of new vocabulary in English","authors":"Shokhayeva Karlygash, A. Auyelbekova, Gulnar Shomanova, S. Dutbayeva, M. Zhapanova","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.11","url":null,"abstract":"Word formation is a branch of linguistics in which the ways of forming words of a language are studied. By studying word formation, one can understand the means of enriching the language as a whole. After all, the language we speak is constantly changing, everything that happens in society is reflected in the language through new words and word meanings, and the main source of the appearance of new words in the language is word formation. This article is devoted to the study of word-formation models in the English language. The article contains information about the main word-formation models in the English language, their problems, features and classifications. In addition, this article discusses a new vocabulary, which is constantly replenished by all modern languages due to the intensive development of all spheres of human activity. In this case, English is no exception, and among the many sources that fix neologisms in this language. The focus is on the aspect of word formation of neologisms, namely all the traditional ways: affixation, word composition, reduction and conversion. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the word composition occupies the first place in productivity, reduction – in the second, affixation – in the third, conversion – in the last. This means that word composition has not lost its leading positions, and affixation and conversion have become less common. It is interesting to note the continued productivity of the following word composition and conversion models. In affixation, prefixes of Latin origin were the most frequent, as well as such suffixes. Also, this article is an analysis of the main scientific concepts that reveal the essence of the theory of word formation: its place in the language system. The area of controversial issues concerning the morpheme as the main unit of word formation is outlined. The author focuses on a comprehensive approach to the theory of word formation in projection on the practice of word analysis.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44736276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.10
Sultan Baa, Sri Bintang Wardani, Iskandar, S. Weda, Burhanuddin Arafah
The study aims to discover lexical metaphors in Westlife's selected song lyrics. Specifically, it was to reveal the types and source domains of the metaphors. Swear It Again, If I Let You Go, Flying Without Wings, I Have a Dream, and Fool Again, which are the legendary boy band's most popular songs according to TraxFM (2017), were selected as the data sources. The study applied the qualitative descriptive method, the study focused on exploring the nature of the study object as proposed by Kothari (2004). Since the phenomena investigated are metaphors in song lyrics, the study adapted Schmitt's (2005) concept of metaphor analysis. The study's data are all metaphors in the five songs of Westlife (Swear it Again, If I Let You Go, Flying Without Wings, I Have a Dream, and Fool Again), which TraxFM (2017) considers as the boy band's best songs ever. The data MIP-Praglejazz was employed to identify the metaphors in those selected song lyrics. The study found: (1) the selected song lyrics contained 15 structural, 24 ontological, and only two orientational metaphors; (2) Most of the metaphors have a concrete thing as their source domain, such as living thing, traveler, place, flame, sunrise, container, bird, and object. It can be inferred that: (1) the song lyrics are dominated by ontological and structural metaphors, and (2) the metaphors are mainly constructed of concrete concepts, which humankind are so familiar with in their daily life. Detailed findings will be presented, and their implications will be discussed.
{"title":"Lexical metaphors in Westlife's selected song lyrics","authors":"Sultan Baa, Sri Bintang Wardani, Iskandar, S. Weda, Burhanuddin Arafah","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.10","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to discover lexical metaphors in Westlife's selected song lyrics. Specifically, it was to reveal the types and source domains of the metaphors. Swear It Again, If I Let You Go, Flying Without Wings, I Have a Dream, and Fool Again, which are the legendary boy band's most popular songs according to TraxFM (2017), were selected as the data sources. The study applied the qualitative descriptive method, the study focused on exploring the nature of the study object as proposed by Kothari (2004). Since the phenomena investigated are metaphors in song lyrics, the study adapted Schmitt's (2005) concept of metaphor analysis. The study's data are all metaphors in the five songs of Westlife (Swear it Again, If I Let You Go, Flying Without Wings, I Have a Dream, and Fool Again), which TraxFM (2017) considers as the boy band's best songs ever. The data MIP-Praglejazz was employed to identify the metaphors in those selected song lyrics. The study found: (1) the selected song lyrics contained 15 structural, 24 ontological, and only two orientational metaphors; (2) Most of the metaphors have a concrete thing as their source domain, such as living thing, traveler, place, flame, sunrise, container, bird, and object. It can be inferred that: (1) the song lyrics are dominated by ontological and structural metaphors, and (2) the metaphors are mainly constructed of concrete concepts, which humankind are so familiar with in their daily life. Detailed findings will be presented, and their implications will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42540806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.16
I. Baissydyk, Kuralay Kuderinova, R. Shakhanova, G. Rizakhojayeva, Zhanar Zhyltyrova
This study is devoted to the study of the vocabulary of the English language of business communication. The role of vocabulary in natural semasiological systems has been repeatedly emphasized by leading scientists of domestic and foreign linguistics. To date, linguistics and, more broadly, philology has accumulated a wealth of experience in describing and systematizing the vocabulary of natural human languages. The most significant directions in the study of vocabulary include the following: separateness and integrity of the word, meaning and usage, philological foundations of lexical semantics and dynamics of relationships between different types of lexical meanings of the word, dialectics of lexicology and lexicography, synchrony and diachrony, scientific development of comparative semasiology and etymology, consistent differentiation of mono and polylex units, the doctrine of the phrase and justification of various types of idiomatic phraseology, identification of subsystems in the lexical domain of the language (homonymy, synonymy, antonymy, paronymy). This article examines authentic examples of modern English-language business discourse and describes some of the processes occurring in the vocabulary of business English: the emergence of new polylexemic business terms created by analogy with terminological units that have become widespread; the emergence of consubstantial terms as an indicator of the interaction of different lexical strata in the vocabulary of the English language of business communication, the development of phrasal verbs with terminating values.
{"title":"Lexical aspect in language and culture communication","authors":"I. Baissydyk, Kuralay Kuderinova, R. Shakhanova, G. Rizakhojayeva, Zhanar Zhyltyrova","doi":"10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.16","url":null,"abstract":"This study is devoted to the study of the vocabulary of the English language of business communication. The role of vocabulary in natural semasiological systems has been repeatedly emphasized by leading scientists of domestic and foreign linguistics. To date, linguistics and, more broadly, philology has accumulated a wealth of experience in describing and systematizing the vocabulary of natural human languages. The most significant directions in the study of vocabulary include the following: separateness and integrity of the word, meaning and usage, philological foundations of lexical semantics and dynamics of relationships between different types of lexical meanings of the word, dialectics of lexicology and lexicography, synchrony and diachrony, scientific development of comparative semasiology and etymology, consistent differentiation of mono and polylex units, the doctrine of the phrase and justification of various types of idiomatic phraseology, identification of subsystems in the lexical domain of the language (homonymy, synonymy, antonymy, paronymy). This article examines authentic examples of modern English-language business discourse and describes some of the processes occurring in the vocabulary of business English: the emergence of new polylexemic business terms created by analogy with terminological units that have become widespread; the emergence of consubstantial terms as an indicator of the interaction of different lexical strata in the vocabulary of the English language of business communication, the development of phrasal verbs with terminating values.","PeriodicalId":53512,"journal":{"name":"XLinguae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42062754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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