Pub Date : 2019-11-07DOI: 10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.01
C. Aguilar, María Julia Baltar de Andrade, Natalia Bastidas, Javiera López de Aréchaga, Macarena Morales, Verónica López
Introducción: La psicología educacional enfrenta la necesidad de delimitar acciones y roles, superar la atención de las diferencias individuales, y considerar el papel de la cultura escolar. Estos desafíos impactan en la identidad de psicólogas y psicólogos educacionales, actualmente en su mayoría contratados bajo la Ley SEP en Chile. Objetivos: Esta investigación analizó la identidad de una psicóloga escolar y los procesos de interacción social que la llevan a construir esta identidad, en el contexto de una escuela municipal chilena con sus respectivas dinámicas micro políticas en el marco de la Ley SEP. Metodología: Se realiza un estudio de caso único a través de entrevistas en profundidad, un grupo focal, con una psicóloga contratada con recursos de la Ley SEP, docentes y estudiantes. Se realiza análisis de contenido categorial. Resultados: Existe una tensión de la psicóloga entre ser y no ser de la escuela, así como un posicionamiento periférico. Se muestra una identidad tensionada bajo un proceso de negociación de la identidad profesional. Conclusiones: Los resultados se discuten en torno a la intensificación y desarticulación del trabajo, la complicidad ideológica, el rol clínico de la psicología, y el impacto de la Ley SEP y de la micro política en este escenario.
{"title":"Identidad profesional de una psicóloga educacional: un estudio de caso en Chile","authors":"C. Aguilar, María Julia Baltar de Andrade, Natalia Bastidas, Javiera López de Aréchaga, Macarena Morales, Verónica López","doi":"10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: La psicología educacional enfrenta la necesidad de delimitar acciones y roles, superar la atención de las diferencias individuales, y considerar el papel de la cultura escolar. Estos desafíos impactan en la identidad de psicólogas y psicólogos educacionales, actualmente en su mayoría contratados bajo la Ley SEP en Chile. \u0000Objetivos: Esta investigación analizó la identidad de una psicóloga escolar y los procesos de interacción social que la llevan a construir esta identidad, en el contexto de una escuela municipal chilena con sus respectivas dinámicas micro políticas en el marco de la Ley SEP. \u0000Metodología: Se realiza un estudio de caso único a través de entrevistas en profundidad, un grupo focal, con una psicóloga contratada con recursos de la Ley SEP, docentes y estudiantes. Se realiza análisis de contenido categorial. \u0000Resultados: Existe una tensión de la psicóloga entre ser y no ser de la escuela, así como un posicionamiento periférico. Se muestra una identidad tensionada bajo un proceso de negociación de la identidad profesional. \u0000Conclusiones: Los resultados se discuten en torno a la intensificación y desarticulación del trabajo, la complicidad ideológica, el rol clínico de la psicología, y el impacto de la Ley SEP y de la micro política en este escenario.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43257285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-07DOI: 10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.05
Hugo Simkin
Introducción: En los últimos años el estudio de la autotrascendencia ha cobrado un creciente interés para la psicología. En particular, el Inventario de Evaluación para Adultos (Asti) constituye una de las principales técnicas disponibles para su evaluación empírica. Objetivo: El presente trabajo se propone adaptar y validar la escala al contexto argentino en una muestra de 205 estudiantes de nivel medio y superior de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Método: Se analizó la estructura interna del instrumento mediante la aplicación de un análisis factorial confirmatorio verificando empíricamente el modelo de dos dimensiones, aportando así evidencias de validez de constructo a la técnica en el contexto argentino.
{"title":"Adaptación y validación del inventario de autotrascendencia para adultos en el contexto argentino","authors":"Hugo Simkin","doi":"10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: En los últimos años el estudio de la autotrascendencia ha cobrado un creciente interés para la psicología. En particular, el Inventario de Evaluación para Adultos (Asti) constituye una de las principales técnicas disponibles para su evaluación empírica. \u0000Objetivo: El presente trabajo se propone adaptar y validar la escala al contexto argentino en una muestra de 205 estudiantes de nivel medio y superior de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. \u0000Método: Se analizó la estructura interna del instrumento mediante la aplicación de un análisis factorial confirmatorio verificando empíricamente el modelo de dos dimensiones, aportando así evidencias de validez de constructo a la técnica en el contexto argentino.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42872935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-07DOI: 10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.02
Rocío Manubens, Juan Martín Gómez Penedo, Santiago Juan
Objetivos: Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes (EIC), un instrumento orientado a explorar el uso de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas utilizadas por terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos y analizar, a su vez, sus propiedades psicométricas. Metodología: Se convocó una primera muestra no probabilística de 101 terapeutas psicoanalíticos y cognitivo-conductuales que completaron una versión online de la escala basándose en la última sesión con un paciente adulto. Sobre la base de estos datos se realizaron análisis preliminares de confiabilidad y un análisis factorial exploratorio. Posteriormente, para validar la estructura factorial del instrumento, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, a partir de los datos de una nueva muestra de 213 terapeutas identificados con diversos marcos teóricos que completaron la escala. Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio sugirió una primera solución de tres factores; como uno de ellos no contaba con el mínimo de ítems requerido por factor se excluyeron dichos ítems y se generó un nuevo análisis factorial que dio lugar a una solución de dos factores, que explicaron el 71,1% de la varianza total. Los coeficientes α ordinales presentaron niveles adecuados de confiabilidad en ambos factores. El análisis factorial confirmatorio, mostró que todas las cargas estandarizadas estimadas de los nueve ítems, presentaron parámetros significativos (p<0,001). Discusión: La EIC se presenta como una escala, que cuenta con evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, que por ser un instrumento breve y sencillo de administrar puede representar un aporte valioso para los estudios orientados a evaluar intervenciones psicoterapéuticas en el contexto latinoamericano.
{"title":"Propiedades psicométricas preliminares de la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes: un instrumento para estudiar las acciones de los terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos","authors":"Rocío Manubens, Juan Martín Gómez Penedo, Santiago Juan","doi":"10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/2382-3984.2019.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Objetivos: Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes (EIC), un instrumento orientado a explorar el uso de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas utilizadas por terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos y analizar, a su vez, sus propiedades psicométricas. \u0000Metodología: Se convocó una primera muestra no probabilística de 101 terapeutas psicoanalíticos y cognitivo-conductuales que completaron una versión online de la escala basándose en la última sesión con un paciente adulto. Sobre la base de estos datos se realizaron análisis preliminares de confiabilidad y un análisis factorial exploratorio. Posteriormente, para validar la estructura factorial del instrumento, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, a partir de los datos de una nueva muestra de 213 terapeutas identificados con diversos marcos teóricos que completaron la escala. \u0000Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio sugirió una primera solución de tres factores; como uno de ellos no contaba con el mínimo de ítems requerido por factor se excluyeron dichos ítems y se generó un nuevo análisis factorial que dio lugar a una solución de dos factores, que explicaron el 71,1% de la varianza total. Los coeficientes α ordinales presentaron niveles adecuados de confiabilidad en ambos factores. El análisis factorial confirmatorio, mostró que todas las cargas estandarizadas estimadas de los nueve ítems, presentaron parámetros significativos (p<0,001). \u0000Discusión: La EIC se presenta como una escala, que cuenta con evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, que por ser un instrumento breve y sencillo de administrar puede representar un aporte valioso para los estudios orientados a evaluar intervenciones psicoterapéuticas en el contexto latinoamericano.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44638395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introducción: La evitación experiencial (EE) es un concepto central para el estudio de la psicopatología desde una perspectiva contextual-conductual. El Cuestionario de Aceptación y Acción II (AAQ-II) se ha convertido en la medida más utilizada de EE. Sin embargo, algunos autores han cuestionado seriamente su validez. En este contexto, el Cuestionario Breve de Evitación Experiencial (BEAQ) constituye una alternativa prometedora. Objetivo: El presente estudio buscó traducir al español el BEAQ y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas en una muestra peruana. Método: Se realizó una traducción inversa del BEAQ y un grupo de expertos evaluó la calidad de los ítems. Trescientos setenta y seis estudiantes universitarios peruanos contestaron el cuestionario. Los ítems del BEAQ-II fueron luego sometidos a un análisis factorial exploratorio. Se calcularon, además, estimadores de la confiabilidad (H, α, ωT, ωTR). Resultados: Los resultados no brindaron apoyo a la supuesta unidimensionalidad del BEAQ. Más aún, sugirieron la presencia de dos factores, llamados Evitación del sufrimiento y Desconexión y desactivación. Solo el factor de Evitación del sufrimiento mostró buena confiabilidad y pudo ser fácilmente interpretado. Conclusión: Investigaciones futuras deben desarrollar una nueva medida de la EE a partir de los ítems del factor Evitación del sufrimiento. Se sugiere que los investigadores continúen utilizando el AAQ-II hasta que se hallen disponibles mejores medidas de la evitación experiencial.
{"title":"El Cuestionario Breve de Evitación Experiencial","authors":"Pablo D. Valencia","doi":"10.16925/PE.V14I24.2412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/PE.V14I24.2412","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: La evitación experiencial (EE) es un concepto central para el estudio de la psicopatología desde una perspectiva contextual-conductual. El Cuestionario de Aceptación y Acción II (AAQ-II) se ha convertido en la medida más utilizada de EE. Sin embargo, algunos autores han cuestionado seriamente su validez. En este contexto, el Cuestionario Breve de Evitación Experiencial (BEAQ) constituye una alternativa prometedora. \u0000Objetivo: El presente estudio buscó traducir al español el BEAQ y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas en una muestra peruana. \u0000Método: Se realizó una traducción inversa del BEAQ y un grupo de expertos evaluó la calidad de los ítems. Trescientos setenta y seis estudiantes universitarios peruanos contestaron el cuestionario. Los ítems del BEAQ-II fueron luego sometidos a un análisis factorial exploratorio. Se calcularon, además, estimadores de la confiabilidad (H, α, ωT, ωTR). \u0000Resultados: Los resultados no brindaron apoyo a la supuesta unidimensionalidad del BEAQ. Más aún, sugirieron la presencia de dos factores, llamados Evitación del sufrimiento y Desconexión y desactivación. Solo el factor de Evitación del sufrimiento mostró buena confiabilidad y pudo ser fácilmente interpretado. \u0000Conclusión: Investigaciones futuras deben desarrollar una nueva medida de la EE a partir de los ítems del factor Evitación del sufrimiento. Se sugiere que los investigadores continúen utilizando el AAQ-II hasta que se hallen disponibles mejores medidas de la evitación experiencial.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42494530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera, Santiago Poveda-Ríos, Isabel Ramos-Noboa
Objetivo: determinar la presencia de indicadores de Ciberbullying en una muestra de adolescentes escolarizados del Ecuador y las prácticas más recurrentes, así como las diferencias existentes por sexo y tipo de institución educativa. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo exploratorio y comparativo, con el Cuestionario de Cyberbullying (CBQ) y su complemento de victimización (CBQ-V). Muestra: participaron 432 estudiantes de bachillerato entre el décimo año de educación básica al tercer año de bachillerato. Un 55,3% son mujeres y el 44,7% hombres. Con edades entre los 13 a los 22 años de edad (M= 15,3 años; Ds= 1,13). Resultados: la perpetración virtual leve es del 56,9%, mientras que la de victimización virtual es del 42,8%. La exclusión de grupos, el envío de mensajes humillantes e insultantes y el uso de la identidad de la víctima fueron los indicadores más prevalentes de ciberacoso. No se encontraron diferencias por sexo en cuanto a conductas perpetradoras (t= -0,18) o de victimización (t= 1,12); pero está presente en la prevalencia de conductas perpetradoras (t= -2,18) en estudiantes que provienen de centros educativos privados. Discusión: los resultados de perpetración y victimización se corresponden parcialmente con los reportados en otros estudios a nivel internacional, pero las variaciones necesitan ser explicados en consideración a otros factores psicosociales.
{"title":"Indicadores de violencia relacionados con el Ciberbullying en adolescentes del Ecuador","authors":"Carlos Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera, Santiago Poveda-Ríos, Isabel Ramos-Noboa","doi":"10.16925/PE.V14I24.1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/PE.V14I24.1895","url":null,"abstract":"Objetivo: determinar la presencia de indicadores de Ciberbullying en una muestra de adolescentes escolarizados del Ecuador y las prácticas más recurrentes, así como las diferencias existentes por sexo y tipo de institución educativa. \u0000Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo exploratorio y comparativo, con el Cuestionario de Cyberbullying (CBQ) y su complemento de victimización (CBQ-V). \u0000Muestra: participaron 432 estudiantes de bachillerato entre el décimo año de educación básica al tercer año de bachillerato. Un 55,3% son mujeres y el 44,7% hombres. Con edades entre los 13 a los 22 años de edad (M= 15,3 años; Ds= 1,13). \u0000Resultados: la perpetración virtual leve es del 56,9%, mientras que la de victimización virtual es del 42,8%. La exclusión de grupos, el envío de mensajes humillantes e insultantes y el uso de la identidad de la víctima fueron los indicadores más prevalentes de ciberacoso. No se encontraron diferencias por sexo en cuanto a conductas perpetradoras (t= -0,18) o de victimización (t= 1,12); pero está presente en la prevalencia de conductas perpetradoras (t= -2,18) en estudiantes que provienen de centros educativos privados. \u0000Discusión: los resultados de perpetración y victimización se corresponden parcialmente con los reportados en otros estudios a nivel internacional, pero las variaciones necesitan ser explicados en consideración a otros factores psicosociales.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47682629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: This paper presents a case study of a behavior diagnosed as obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: The case is analyzed and treated by a method arising from the inter-behavioral approach called “contingency analysis.” The application of the method is illustrated by the analysis of two basic dimensions for this purpose: micro-contingency dimension and macro-contingency dimension. Some important aspects of the genesis of this behavior, as well as the analysis of the selected solutions, are described. The intervention objectives and the techniques used are also explained. Results: Because of the intervention, changes were obtained in the behavior of the user of the service (who was the mother of the person diagnosed with the disorder and her child so diagnosed). Conclusions: The article concludes by detailing the advantages of approaching a case study with the contingency analysis method.
{"title":"Estudio de caso diagnosticado como desorden obsesivo compulsivo desde el análisis contingencial","authors":"María de Lourdes Rodríguez-Campuzano","doi":"10.16925/PE.V14I23.2268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/PE.V14I23.2268","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This paper presents a case study of a behavior diagnosed as obsessive-compulsive disorder. \u0000Method: The case is analyzed and treated by a method arising from the inter-behavioral approach called “contingency analysis.” The application of the method is illustrated by the analysis of two basic dimensions for this purpose: micro-contingency dimension and macro-contingency dimension. Some important aspects of the genesis of this behavior, as well as the analysis of the selected solutions, are described. The intervention objectives and the techniques used are also explained. \u0000Results: Because of the intervention, changes were obtained in the behavior of the user of the service (who was the mother of the person diagnosed with the disorder and her child so diagnosed). \u0000Conclusions: The article concludes by detailing the advantages of approaching a case study with the contingency analysis method.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46650469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To reflect on two ways of adopting democracy, as a form of government and as a way of life, in order to establish its relationship with biopolitics from social psychology—as a psychology that is political—based on a particular case that occurred in Colombia known as “false positives.”Theme: The possibility of thinking about a life that is politically controlled from the perspective of social psychology, for which it is assumed from the discourse of biopolitics.Elaboration: A contextualization is provided for recognizing that social psychology is political given the use of the knowledge it produces, so that problems that emerge in the construction of democracy cannot be alien to it and, thus, it is plausible to approach its expression as a lifestyle in relation to what it is as a form of government. From this, biopolitical devices for life control are established, and the extrajudicial executions implemented in Colombia, known as “false positives,” are an example of this.Conclusions: It is still visible how psychology, particularly social psychology, is political because of the way knowledge is used. Therefore, if thought in terms of popular majorities, knowledge may contribute to the construction of a democratic society, in which it is not only a structural governmental process but also deployed as a cultural ethos in daily life. Perhaps this is how processes of resistance to biopolitics are generated and a psychopolitics emerges.
{"title":"Biopolítica y democracia como estilo de vida: una mirada desde la psicología social","authors":"A. Díaz-Gómez, Olga Lucía Carmona, L. Salamanca","doi":"10.16925/pe.v14i23.2263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/pe.v14i23.2263","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To reflect on two ways of adopting democracy, as a form of government and as a way of life, in order to establish its relationship with biopolitics from social psychology—as a psychology that is political—based on a particular case that occurred in Colombia known as “false positives.”Theme: The possibility of thinking about a life that is politically controlled from the perspective of social psychology, for which it is assumed from the discourse of biopolitics.Elaboration: A contextualization is provided for recognizing that social psychology is political given the use of the knowledge it produces, so that problems that emerge in the construction of democracy cannot be alien to it and, thus, it is plausible to approach its expression as a lifestyle in relation to what it is as a form of government. From this, biopolitical devices for life control are established, and the extrajudicial executions implemented in Colombia, known as “false positives,” are an example of this.Conclusions: It is still visible how psychology, particularly social psychology, is political because of the way knowledge is used. Therefore, if thought in terms of popular majorities, knowledge may contribute to the construction of a democratic society, in which it is not only a structural governmental process but also deployed as a cultural ethos in daily life. Perhaps this is how processes of resistance to biopolitics are generated and a psychopolitics emerges.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alicia Garrido-Luque, José Luis Álvaro-Estramiana, Ana Raquel Rosas-Torres
Introduction: In the last decades there has been a substantial change in the position of women in the labor market, although it cannot yet be said that there is an equal share of jobs between men and women. On the one hand, there are still clear indications of employment discrimination against women and, on the other hand, the participation of men in domestic work has not grown at the same rate as that of women in paid work.Objective: To reflect on the ideological bases supporting this inequality by analyzing the weight that traditional gender stereotypes, especially those built around motherhood, have on the career of young women.Method: Data come from a qualitative study in which a sample of young people with different positions within the labor market was interviewed.Results: Generally, the discourses on maternity and upbringing are characterized by a marked biological and psychological essentialism that attributes a greater natural capacity for the care of children to women.Conclusions: Gender stereotypes that are built around motherhood are one of the main ideological factors that maintain discrimination against women in the labor market.
{"title":"Estereotipos de género, maternidad y empleo: un análisis psicosociológico","authors":"Alicia Garrido-Luque, José Luis Álvaro-Estramiana, Ana Raquel Rosas-Torres","doi":"10.16925/PE.V14I23.2261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/PE.V14I23.2261","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the last decades there has been a substantial change in the position of women in the labor market, although it cannot yet be said that there is an equal share of jobs between men and women. On the one hand, there are still clear indications of employment discrimination against women and, on the other hand, the participation of men in domestic work has not grown at the same rate as that of women in paid work.Objective: To reflect on the ideological bases supporting this inequality by analyzing the weight that traditional gender stereotypes, especially those built around motherhood, have on the career of young women.Method: Data come from a qualitative study in which a sample of young people with different positions within the labor market was interviewed.Results: Generally, the discourses on maternity and upbringing are characterized by a marked biological and psychological essentialism that attributes a greater natural capacity for the care of children to women.Conclusions: Gender stereotypes that are built around motherhood are one of the main ideological factors that maintain discrimination against women in the labor market.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43829895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Constanza Pujals, J. I. Baile, M. J. González-Calderón
Introduction: There are several instruments to evaluate behavioural addictions. Furthermore, several specific scales have been developed to assess various aspects of exercise dependence. Nevertheless, in Spain there is a lack of specific instruments designed to assess exercise dependence.Objective: This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised.Method: 175 university students who were regular exercisers (M=59.11, SD=15.89) took part in the study. They were requested to complete the EDS-R, as well as the General Addiction Scale. The requirement to take part in the study was to exercise a minimum of four times per week.Results: Findings provide initial support for the psychometric properties of the scale as its internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.907), and construct and convergent validity with the EAG-RC (r=.559; p<.001) are adequate. In addition, its structure did not need to be modified, as it kept the 21 original items from the American version. Factor analysis yielded a five-factor structure (tolerance, loss of control, continuity, intensity, and withdrawal symptoms) which differ from the ones obtained in the original (American) and French versions where seven factors were obtained. This correlated five-factor model explains 50% of the variance.Conclusion: This Spanish EDS-R, which presents adequate psychometric properties, will provide researchers and clinicians with specific data on this screening tool for assessing exercise dependence. Further research is needed to confirm the current results and check its validity both in research and clinical practice.
{"title":"Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R) in a Spanish Sample","authors":"Constanza Pujals, J. I. Baile, M. J. González-Calderón","doi":"10.16925/PE.V14I23.2267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/PE.V14I23.2267","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are several instruments to evaluate behavioural addictions. Furthermore, several specific scales have been developed to assess various aspects of exercise dependence. Nevertheless, in Spain there is a lack of specific instruments designed to assess exercise dependence.Objective: This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised.Method: 175 university students who were regular exercisers (M=59.11, SD=15.89) took part in the study. They were requested to complete the EDS-R, as well as the General Addiction Scale. The requirement to take part in the study was to exercise a minimum of four times per week.Results: Findings provide initial support for the psychometric properties of the scale as its internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.907), and construct and convergent validity with the EAG-RC (r=.559; p<.001) are adequate. In addition, its structure did not need to be modified, as it kept the 21 original items from the American version. Factor analysis yielded a five-factor structure (tolerance, loss of control, continuity, intensity, and withdrawal symptoms) which differ from the ones obtained in the original (American) and French versions where seven factors were obtained. This correlated five-factor model explains 50% of the variance.Conclusion: This Spanish EDS-R, which presents adequate psychometric properties, will provide researchers and clinicians with specific data on this screening tool for assessing exercise dependence. Further research is needed to confirm the current results and check its validity both in research and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48784311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore the extent to which perfectionism and self-esteem are related to Argentine university students.Method: Three hundred and forty-one subjects answered the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.Results: The results showed a significant, robust, negative relationship between self-esteem and perfectionist discrepancy (r = -0,53; p < 0,001), and a weak but significant relationship between selfesteem and high standards (r = 0,19; p <0,001). Also, significant differences were observed (F (2,145) = 11,89; p < 0,001, η2p = 0.14) in the self-esteem of adaptive perfectionists, compared to that of maladaptive perfectionists and non-perfectionists; adaptive perfectionists scored higher than the other two groups.Conclusions: It was established that, in line with the findings of previous studies, the dimensions of perfectionism are differentially related to self-esteem so that discrepancy is the characteristic that induces the greatest amount of variance explained. The practical importance of the results obtained justifies the incorporation of psychoeducational strategies to reduce dysfunctional perfectionism and foster adaptive perfectionism in any program whose aim is to promote self-esteem in Argentine university students.
{"title":"Perfeccionismo y autoestima en estudiantes universitarios argentinos","authors":"Gisela Paola Helguera, L. Oros","doi":"10.16925/PE.V14I23.2266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16925/PE.V14I23.2266","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the extent to which perfectionism and self-esteem are related to Argentine university students.Method: Three hundred and forty-one subjects answered the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.Results: The results showed a significant, robust, negative relationship between self-esteem and perfectionist discrepancy (r = -0,53; p < 0,001), and a weak but significant relationship between selfesteem and high standards (r = 0,19; p <0,001). Also, significant differences were observed (F (2,145) = 11,89; p < 0,001, η2p = 0.14) in the self-esteem of adaptive perfectionists, compared to that of maladaptive perfectionists and non-perfectionists; adaptive perfectionists scored higher than the other two groups.Conclusions: It was established that, in line with the findings of previous studies, the dimensions of perfectionism are differentially related to self-esteem so that discrepancy is the characteristic that induces the greatest amount of variance explained. The practical importance of the results obtained justifies the incorporation of psychoeducational strategies to reduce dysfunctional perfectionism and foster adaptive perfectionism in any program whose aim is to promote self-esteem in Argentine university students.","PeriodicalId":53843,"journal":{"name":"Pensando Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43760604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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