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Fundamentos de la teoría bioecológica de Urie Bronfenbrenner Urie Bronfenbrenner的生物生态学理论基础
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.620
Idonézia Collodel-Benetti, Mauro Luís Vieira, Maria Aparecida Crepaldi, Daniela Ribeiro-Schneider
This theoretical research focuses on the following aspects of the Bioecological Theory of Human Development, designed by Urie Bronfenbrenner: a) origins of his proposals, b) ontological bases, c) epistemological bases, d) anthropological point of view, and e) application of the theory - the method and techniques used in research in that particular scientific field. The article was written because of the difficulty of finding scientific writings that address all of these aspects in one single work. It attempts to reveal what is hidden and/or diluted in the scientific discourse underlying the writings of Bronfenbrenner and in a simple and didactic manner to deal with the essential elements needed for a critical understanding of the theory in question.
这一理论研究集中在尤里·布朗芬布伦纳设计的人类发展的生物生态学理论的以下几个方面:a)他的建议的起源,b)本体论基础,c)认识论基础,d)人类学观点,e)理论的应用-在特定科学领域的研究中使用的方法和技术。之所以写这篇文章,是因为很难在一篇文章中找到涉及所有这些方面的科学著作。它试图揭示在布朗芬布伦纳著作背后的科学话语中隐藏和/或淡化了什么,并以一种简单而说教的方式处理对所讨论的理论进行批判性理解所需的基本要素。
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引用次数: 21
Coeficiente de congruencia: propuesta de cálculo 一致性系数:建议计算
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.622
S. Dominguez-Lara
This paper presents a module in ms Excel to calculate the coefficient of congruence. Its importance and its lack of implementation in traditional statistical packages justify building the tool to support research in psychology, because of the need to compare factor structures with those found in other analyses to determine whether or not they are congruent. The paper also discusses the use of the tool.
本文给出了Excel中计算同余系数的一个模块。由于需要将因素结构与其他分析中发现的因素结构进行比较,以确定它们是否一致,因此,它的重要性和在传统统计软件包中缺乏实施证明了建立这个工具来支持心理学研究的合理性。本文还讨论了该工具的使用。
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引用次数: 5
Resiliencia y felicidad: el impacto de hechos vitales negativos y positivos en adolescentes 韧性和幸福感:对青少年消极和积极生活事件的影响
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.616
Norma Ivonne González-Arratia López-Fuentes, J. L. Valdez-Medina
Se llevo a cabo un estudio retrospectivo con adolescentes para identificar diferencias de resiliencia entre hombres y mujeres y su relacion con la felicidad despues de vivenciar hechos tanto positivos como negativos del pasado reciente y que son referidos por los participantes. Cien adolescentes, hombres y mujeres, entre 15 y 19 anos de edad, participaron del estudio aplicandose el cuestionario de resiliencia para adolescentes (Gonzalez-Arratia, 2011), la escala de felicidad (Alarcon, 2006) y la escala de Corsini (2004). Los resultados indican que no hay diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. Se reporta relacion positiva entre las variables resiliencia y felicidad. Los hechos negativos tienen un efecto sobre la resiliencia, mientras que los positivos la favorecen. Se concluye que se requiere continuar analizando estas variables con el fin de obtener respuestas consistentes.
我们对青少年进行了一项回顾性研究,以确定男性和女性在经历了参与者报告的最近的积极和消极事件后的弹性差异以及他们与幸福的关系。本研究采用青少年弹性问卷(Gonzalez-Arratia, 2011)、幸福量表(Alarcon, 2006)和Corsini量表(2004)对100名15 - 19岁的青少年男女进行了研究。结果表明,男性和女性之间没有显著差异。本研究的目的是评估弹性和幸福感变量之间的关系。消极的事实对韧性有影响,而积极的事实则有利于韧性。在本研究中,我们分析了不同变量之间的差异。
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引用次数: 2
Síndrome de burnout y calidad de vida laboral en profesionales de servicios sanitarios 卫生服务专业人员的职业倦怠综合症与工作生活质量
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.613
N. Flores, C. Jenaro, Maribel Cruz, V. Vega, María Carmen Altozano Pérez
El objetivo de este trabajo consistio en analizar los factores asociados con la calidad de vida laboral y su relacion con el sindrome de burnout en profesionales de servicios sanitarios. La muestra estuvo formada por 562 trabajadores pertenecientes al sector sanitario, a quienes se evaluaron los estresores o demandas laborales, el apoyo social percibido, el sindrome de burnout, diversos factores de salud biopsicosocial y la satisfaccion y calidad de vida laboral percibida. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), el Job Content Questionnarie (JCQ) y el Cuestionario General de Salud de Goldberg (GHQ-28). Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron altas tasas de estres percibido, asi como la presencia de burnout o sindrome de “quemarse” por el trabajo. Tambien se encontraron repercusiones en la salud fisica y psicologica de los profesionales. Los analisis de varianza pusieron de manifiesto la existencia de diferencias significativas en funcion de variables como la categoria profesional y los anos de antiguedad en la profesion. Asimismo, los analisis de regresion confirmaron que la calidad de vida laboral experimentada por el personal sanitario es producto del equilibrio entre las demandas, los recursos y la ausencia de burnout. Los resultados justifican la necesidad de intervenir con estos profesionales para mejorar tanto su salud como la calidad de los servicios ofrecidos.
这项工作的目的是分析与工作生活质量相关的因素及其与卫生服务专业人员职业倦怠综合症的关系。该样本由562名属于卫生部门的工人组成,对他们的工作压力或需求、感知的社会支持、倦怠综合征、各种生物心理社会健康因素以及感知的工作生活满意度和质量进行了评估。使用的工具是马斯拉克职业倦怠清单-一般调查(MBI-GS)、工作内容问卷(JCQ)和戈德堡一般健康问卷(GHQ-28)。结果显示,压力感知率高,工作倦怠或“燃烧”综合症的存在。对专业人员的身体和心理健康也有影响。在本研究中,我们分析了两种不同类型的职业,一种是职业类别,另一种是职业年龄。此外,回归分析证实,卫生工作者的工作生活质量是需求、资源和无倦怠之间平衡的产物。结果证明有必要与这些专业人员进行干预,以改善他们的健康和所提供服务的质量。
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引用次数: 11
Variables asociadas con el fenómeno de la deserción de los estudiantes en la Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz 康拉德·洛伦茨大学基金会与学生辍学现象相关的变量
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.617
J. Barrero, Gustavo Garzón, Óscar Gómez
Advances in research into university desertion reveal multiple social, economic and academic causes, among others, of this phenomenon. However, the university population is heterogeneous and there are no defined profiles that can describe and accurately explain how each factor behaves. The Spadies system at the Colombian Ministry of National Education aims to analyze desertion rigorously; however, universities have to generate their own study processes. It is within this context that the Konrad Lorenz Foundation University is conducting this research, whose general objective is to identify the socio-demographic, financial and academic variables associated with student desertion at this higher education institution. This is an ex- post- facto retrospective single-group study. Its design is focused on reconstructing the events associated with student desertion at this institution among semester II of 2005, I and II of 2006 and I of 2007-II cohorts, by establishing possible relationships to sociodemographic, financial and academic variables. The population under study consists of a total of 846 undergraduate students from the abovementioned cohorts of the Systems Engineering, Mathematics, International Business Administration and Psychology programs. The results indicate that student desertion atthis institution stems from academic reasons, particularly those associated with the cumulative grade average. This points to a predictive power for students who drop out, but not necessarily in relation to other socio-economic and socio- demographic variables. According to this study, the percentage of men who drop out is higher than that of women, even though more women enroll in the professional programs offered.
对大学遗弃现象的研究进展揭示了这一现象的多种社会、经济和学术原因。然而,大学人口是异质的,没有定义的概况可以描述和准确地解释每个因素的行为。哥伦比亚国家教育部的西班牙系统旨在严格分析逃兵;然而,大学必须创造自己的学习过程。正是在这种背景下,康拉德·洛伦兹基金会大学正在进行这项研究,其总体目标是确定与该高等教育机构的学生遗弃有关的社会人口、财务和学术变量。这是一项事后回顾性单组研究。它的设计重点是通过建立与社会人口、财务和学术变量的可能关系,重建该机构2005年第二学期、2006年第一学期和2006年第二学期以及2007年第二学期的学生遗弃相关事件。研究对象包括846名来自上述系统工程、数学、国际工商管理和心理学专业的本科生。结果表明,该机构的学生遗弃源于学术原因,特别是那些与累积平均成绩有关的原因。这指出了对辍学学生的预测能力,但不一定与其他社会经济和社会人口变量有关。根据这项研究,尽管更多的女性参加了提供的专业课程,但男性的退学比例高于女性。
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引用次数: 1
Esquemas maladaptativos tempranos en pacientes hipertensos controlados en Segovia, Colombia 哥伦比亚塞戈维亚高血压患者的早期适应不良方案
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.618
Ana Yajaira Restrepo, Renato Zambrano-Cruz
This study identifies the presence of early maladaptive schemas in controlled hypertensive patients at the Hospital San Juan de Dios in the municipality of Segovia (Colombia). The work was carried out based on the theoretical perspective of Jeffrey Young, who argues that ems serve as filters through which information is processed in daily life, and which affect how each situation is dealt with. Using a nonexperimental cross-sectional research study, ems are described and compared through use of the Young Questionnaire ysq - l2 (Castrillon, Chaves, Ferrer, Londono, Master, Marin y Schnitter, 2005) applied to two groups, consisting of 73 people diagnosed with hypertension and 64 normotensive subjects with similar demographic characteristics. The results show prevalent early maladaptive schemas involving abandonment, vulnerability to injury and illness and emotional inhibition. When compared with the second group, vulnerability to injury and disease was the only area that obtained higher scores.
本研究确定了塞戈维亚市(哥伦比亚)圣胡安德迪奥斯医院控制的高血压患者早期适应不良模式的存在。这项工作是基于杰弗里·杨的理论观点进行的,他认为紧急情况处理是日常生活中信息处理的过滤器,影响着每一种情况的处理方式。采用非实验横断面研究,通过使用青年问卷ysq - 2 (Castrillon, Chaves, Ferrer, Londono, Master, Marin y Schnitter, 2005)对两组进行描述和比较,其中包括73名诊断为高血压的人和64名具有相似人口统计学特征的正常受试者。结果表明,早期适应不良包括遗弃、易受伤害和疾病以及情绪抑制。与第二组相比,受伤和疾病的易感性是唯一获得更高分数的领域。
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引用次数: 2
Resiliencia en el ámbito escolar: estudio preliminar de la percepción de los aspectos familiares y escolares en niños de contextos socialmente vulnerables 学校环境中的复原力:社会弱势背景儿童对家庭和学校方面认知的初步研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.615
Daniela Belén Canto, G. Morelato, C. Greco
El proposito de este trabajo fue analizar variables vinculadas a la percepcion de la familia en una muestra de 61 escolares (30 con historia de fracaso escolar y 31 sin esa caracteristica) pertenecientes a contextos de vulnerabilidad social de Mendoza, Argentina. Se evaluo la percepcion de las interrelaciones familiares y se examino la percepcion de los docentes con respecto a las fortalezas y la valoracion del rendimiento academico de sus alumnos. Los resultados senalaron que no hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos en relacion con la percepcion de la familia. Sin embargo, se observo que los ninos con antecedentes de fracaso escolar presentaron menor identificacion de emociones positivas, expresaron un concepto confuso de familia y se identificaron con mas personajes desvalorizados que los ninos no repetidores. En los docentes se hallo asociacion entre la percepcion de fortalezas y la valoracion del rendimiento academico en el grupo de ninos sin fracaso escolar.
本研究的目的是分析来自阿根廷门多萨的61名学生(30名有学业失败史,31名没有学业失败史)的家庭感知相关变量。本研究的目的是评估学生对家庭关系的认知,并检验教师对学生成绩的优势和评价的认知。结果表明,在家庭认知方面,两组之间没有显著差异。研究发现,有学业失败背景的孩子比没有重复经历的孩子表现出更少的积极情绪认同,表达了令人困惑的家庭概念,并认同更多的贬低角色。在没有学业失败的儿童群体中,对优势的感知和对学业成绩的评价之间存在关联。
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引用次数: 0
Reseña del artículo "Intensive intervention for students with mathematics disabilities: seven principles of effective practice" Reseña del artículo“对数学障碍学生的强化干预:有效实践的七项原则”
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.623
D. Marques
Con este trabajo se pretende hacer una revision analitica sobre el articulo "Intensive intervention for students with mathematics disabilities: seven principles of effective practice", con el objetivo de brindar de forma sistematizada una perspectiva para mejorar la efectividad de la practica clinica.
本文旨在对《数学残疾学生的强化干预:有效实践的七个原则》这篇文章进行分析回顾,以系统的方式提供一个视角来提高临床实践的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Relación entre escritura de numerales arábigos y composición de fichas de valor en niños de grados segundo y tercero de educación básica primaria 小学二、三年级阿拉伯数字书写与价值表组成的关系
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.614
Brehinert Alfredo Martínez-Mora, Diego-Fernando Guerrero-Lopez
El presente estudio se propone explorar la relacion entre la escritura de numerales arabigos y la comprension del sistema de numeracion en base diez en ninos que cursan segundo y tercer grados de primaria. Para ello se propuso un diseno cuasi experimental en el que se presentaron dos tareas a 26 ninos de estos grados de educacion basica primaria: el paso de numerales verbales a arabigos y la composicion con fichas de valor a partir de una expresion verbal. Los resultados mostraron que en la tarea de escritura de numerales arabigos, cuando los ninos se equivocan tienden a escribir literalmente partes del numeral verbal, y en la composicion con fichas los ninos no asignan correctamente los valores del sistema a las fichas cuando componen. Estos resultados permiten afirmar que, tal como proponen Power y Dal Martello (1990), la representacion que media la escritura de los numerales arabigos esta dirigida por la estructura de la expresion verbal.
本研究旨在探讨阿拉伯数字书写与小学二、三年级儿童对十位数数字系统的理解之间的关系。为了实现这一目标,我们提出了一个实验设计,在这个设计中,26名小学阶段的孩子被分配了两个任务:从口头数字到阿拉伯语的转换和从口头表达的价值卡组成。结果表明,在阿拉伯数字写作任务中,当孩子犯了错误时,他们倾向于按字面意思写部分语言数字,而在卡片写作任务中,孩子在书写时没有正确地将系统值赋给卡片。这些结果表明,正如Power和Dal Martello(1990)所提出的,阿拉伯数字的书写媒介是由语言表达的结构驱动的。
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引用次数: 0
Carga objetiva y subjetiva en personas con enfermedad mental: evidencias empíricas 精神疾病患者的客观和主观负担:经验证据
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.16925/PE.V9I16.619
Maribel Cruz-Ortiz, M. Pérez-Rodríguez, Elida Lisbeth Villegas-Moreno, Noelia Flores-Robaina, Eduardo Hernández-Ibarra, Pedro Reyes-Laris
Diverse studies mention the consequences generated by providing special care to patients, particularly when associated with mental illness. The objective of this research was to analyze scientific studies published between 2003 and 2010 on the burden suffered by caregivers of patients with mental illnesses. A systematic review was made of literature found in open access databases (Scielo, Pubmed, Lilacs). The results suggest that, regardless of gender and marital status, when using strategies such as coping mechanisms and social support, younger patients have a greater impact on the burden felt by their caregivers than their older counterparts. This burden varies over time and is influenced by the type of symptomatology experienced by the patient and it is improbable that there will be improvement without some type of intervention.
各种各样的研究都提到了为病人提供特殊护理所产生的后果,尤其是在与精神疾病有关的情况下。本研究的目的是分析2003年至2010年间发表的关于精神疾病患者护理人员所承受负担的科学研究。对开放获取数据库(Scielo, Pubmed, Lilacs)中的文献进行了系统综述。结果表明,无论性别和婚姻状况如何,当使用应对机制和社会支持等策略时,年轻患者比年长患者对照顾者感受到的负担有更大的影响。这种负担随着时间的推移而变化,并受到患者所经历的症状类型的影响,如果没有某种干预措施,不可能有所改善。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Pensando Psicologia
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