Pub Date : 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.016
Changbin Dong , Juan Wang , Wangpeng Pei , Yongping Liu
The dynamic imbalance problem of elliptical gears seriously affects their service performance and can significantly induce vibration. In order to overcome the above technical difficulties, this paper proposes to use topology optimization technology to achieve structural optimization design of elliptical gear spokes, aiming to suppress vibration and alleviate the dynamic imbalance problem of elliptical gears. Based on nonlinear dynamics and viscoelastic theory, a 6-degree-of-freedom bending torsional coupling dynamic model was derived considering gear eccentricity excitation, and accurately solved the time-varying meshing stiffness, comprehensive transmission error, and time-varying tooth backlash parameters of the model. The influence of lightweight design on the vibration response of the system was analyzed by combining the time-domain diagram, FFT spectrum diagram, phase diagram, and Poincaré cross-sectional diagram. The results indicate that with the optimization of the rotational inertia and centroid position of the elliptical gear transmission system through lightweight design, the vibration response of the system has been weakened, but the frequency component has not shown significant changes.Finally, vibration experiments confirmed that lightweight design has a significant inhibitory effect on the vibration characteristics of elliptical gears. 1
{"title":"Vibration suppression strategy of elliptical gears based on configuration optimization design","authors":"Changbin Dong , Juan Wang , Wangpeng Pei , Yongping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic imbalance problem of elliptical gears seriously affects their service performance and can significantly induce vibration. In order to overcome the above technical difficulties, this paper proposes to use topology optimization technology to achieve structural optimization design of elliptical gear spokes, aiming to suppress vibration and alleviate the dynamic imbalance problem of elliptical gears. Based on nonlinear dynamics and viscoelastic theory, a 6-degree-of-freedom bending torsional coupling dynamic model was derived considering gear eccentricity excitation, and accurately solved the time-varying meshing stiffness, comprehensive transmission error, and time-varying tooth backlash parameters of the model. The influence of lightweight design on the vibration response of the system was analyzed by combining the time-domain diagram, FFT spectrum diagram, phase diagram, and Poincaré cross-sectional diagram. The results indicate that with the optimization of the rotational inertia and centroid position of the elliptical gear transmission system through lightweight design, the vibration response of the system has been weakened, but the frequency component has not shown significant changes.Finally, vibration experiments confirmed that lightweight design has a significant inhibitory effect on the vibration characteristics of elliptical gears. <sup>1</sup></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 632-649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.015
Linqiang Gong , Longxiang Li , Lei Zhang , Bowen Zhang , Dongyue Zheng , Nianju Li
Due to the limitations of traditional polishing methods in suppressing mid-spatial frequency (MSF) errors, this study proposes an integrated solution combining pseudo-random trajectory with selective dynamic coverage complex trajectory optimization based on MSF error spatial distribution characteristics. A high-degree-of-freedom pseudo-random trajectory generation strategy is developed, utilizing uniformly distributed initial MSF stripe spacing value as input data to generate path retrieval points with optimized spatial distribution. This process ultimately produces high-degree-of-freedom pseudo-random trajectories featuring non-periodic path characteristics, thereby eliminating the inherent repetitiveness of conventional polishing trajectories. The proposed pseudo-random trajectory achieves MSF error rapid convergence while suppressing additional MSF components induced by path periodicity. For addressing inconsistent residual MSF error distribution after pseudo-random trajectory polishing, a dynamic complex trajectory generation method based on error pixel data analysis is established. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of MSF errors, this method leverages the adaptive capability of trajectories to perform targeted corrections on different error regions. Thereby, it effectively enhances the convergence efficiency and distribution uniformity of residual MSF errors, and ultimately improves the convergence limit of MSF errors. Experimental results demonstrate that the synergistic integration of pseudo-random trajectory and selective dynamic complex trajectory optimization significantly enhances MSF error convergence efficiency without compromising existing surface form accuracy.
{"title":"Pseudo-random and dynamic selective trajectories generation for mid-spatial frequency error rapid convergence","authors":"Linqiang Gong , Longxiang Li , Lei Zhang , Bowen Zhang , Dongyue Zheng , Nianju Li","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the limitations of traditional polishing methods in suppressing mid-spatial frequency (MSF) errors, this study proposes an integrated solution combining pseudo-random trajectory with selective dynamic coverage complex trajectory optimization based on MSF error spatial distribution characteristics. A high-degree-of-freedom pseudo-random trajectory generation strategy is developed, utilizing uniformly distributed initial MSF stripe spacing value as input data to generate path retrieval points with optimized spatial distribution. This process ultimately produces high-degree-of-freedom pseudo-random trajectories featuring non-periodic path characteristics, thereby eliminating the inherent repetitiveness of conventional polishing trajectories. The proposed pseudo-random trajectory achieves MSF error rapid convergence while suppressing additional MSF components induced by path periodicity. For addressing inconsistent residual MSF error distribution after pseudo-random trajectory polishing, a dynamic complex trajectory generation method based on error pixel data analysis is established. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of MSF errors, this method leverages the adaptive capability of trajectories to perform targeted corrections on different error regions. Thereby, it effectively enhances the convergence efficiency and distribution uniformity of residual MSF errors, and ultimately improves the convergence limit of MSF errors. Experimental results demonstrate that the synergistic integration of pseudo-random trajectory and selective dynamic complex trajectory optimization significantly enhances MSF error convergence efficiency without compromising existing surface form accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 572-594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.011
Minge Gao , Qiang Bian , Yueqing Zheng , Junhua Wang , Min Xu , Hailong Cui
The regulation system for the radial error motion of aerostatic-bearing spindles faces challenges such as poor integration, large volume, and complex control mechanisms. This study proposes a time-dependent electromagnetic regulation method (TERM) based on opto-electromagnetic integrated technology. A fluid-solid-magnetic coupling rotor model with five degrees of freedom is developed. The effects of various factors, including supply pressure, rotational speed, mean clearance, and radial mass unbalance distance on the regulation model are investigated. A regulation system is constructed using the optical measurement, non-contact electromagnetic force application, and force measurement devices. The system significantly reduces the volume of the control system and simplifies the control model while maintaining a minimal number of control parameters. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed TERM can substantially reduce radial error motion and improve spindle rotation accuracy, offering a novel theoretical framework and practical approach for the regulation of radial error motion of aerostatic-bearing spindles.
{"title":"A time-dependent electromagnetic regulation method for radial error motion of aerostatic-bearing spindles","authors":"Minge Gao , Qiang Bian , Yueqing Zheng , Junhua Wang , Min Xu , Hailong Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regulation system for the radial error motion of aerostatic-bearing spindles faces challenges such as poor integration, large volume, and complex control mechanisms. This study proposes a time-dependent electromagnetic regulation method (TERM) based on opto-electromagnetic integrated technology. A fluid-solid-magnetic coupling rotor model with five degrees of freedom is developed. The effects of various factors, including supply pressure, rotational speed, mean clearance, and radial mass unbalance distance on the regulation model are investigated. A regulation system is constructed using the optical measurement, non-contact electromagnetic force application, and force measurement devices. The system significantly reduces the volume of the control system and simplifies the control model while maintaining a minimal number of control parameters. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed TERM can substantially reduce radial error motion and improve spindle rotation accuracy, offering a novel theoretical framework and practical approach for the regulation of radial error motion of aerostatic-bearing spindles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 595-608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.008
Jianyi Huang , Xianwen Liu , Hongwei Zhang , Tao Zhu , Hongyan Shi
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence servers, data centers, and next-generation communication systems, the demand for ultra-high-density interconnects has accelerated the evolution of high-frequency and high-speed printed circuit boards (HFHSPCBs) toward higher levels of board-level integration, increased stack thicknesses, and finer substrate microvias. The continuous increase in the depth-to-diameter ratio of micro-holes has made the challenges of high-aspect-ratio micro-hole formation increasingly prominent. The resulting instability in hole quality and high defect rates severely constrain the development of the information industry. Therefore, overcoming the challenges in high-aspect-ratio micro-hole formation has become a pressing task, yet existing studies lack a systematic synthesis of key issues and countermeasures.To fill the gap in recent reviews on this topic, this paper analyzes the issues arising during the formation of high aspect ratio micro-holes, including poor micro drill positioning accuracy, severe drill tip wear, poor chip breaking performance, difficulties in chip removal, drill breakage, chipping, misalignment, and severe burr formation at micro-hole entrances, based on the material properties of HFHSPCBs and the structure of traditional long aspect ratio micro drills. To address these challenges, this paper reviews the current research and latest developments from four perspectives: the design of long aspect ratio micro drills, the use of coatings, the drilling process, and the application of novel drill materials. The shortcomings of existing solutions in the literature are discussed, and future trends in these four directions are proposed, with the aim of advancing micro-hole quality and industry progress.
{"title":"Challenges and optimization progress in high aspect ratio micro-hole formation for high-frequency and high-speed PCBs:A review","authors":"Jianyi Huang , Xianwen Liu , Hongwei Zhang , Tao Zhu , Hongyan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of artificial intelligence servers, data centers, and next-generation communication systems, the demand for ultra-high-density interconnects has accelerated the evolution of high-frequency and high-speed printed circuit boards (HFHSPCBs) toward higher levels of board-level integration, increased stack thicknesses, and finer substrate microvias. The continuous increase in the depth-to-diameter ratio of micro-holes has made the challenges of high-aspect-ratio micro-hole formation increasingly prominent. The resulting instability in hole quality and high defect rates severely constrain the development of the information industry. Therefore, overcoming the challenges in high-aspect-ratio micro-hole formation has become a pressing task, yet existing studies lack a systematic synthesis of key issues and countermeasures.To fill the gap in recent reviews on this topic, this paper analyzes the issues arising during the formation of high aspect ratio micro-holes, including poor micro drill positioning accuracy, severe drill tip wear, poor chip breaking performance, difficulties in chip removal, drill breakage, chipping, misalignment, and severe burr formation at micro-hole entrances, based on the material properties of HFHSPCBs and the structure of traditional long aspect ratio micro drills. To address these challenges, this paper reviews the current research and latest developments from four perspectives: the design of long aspect ratio micro drills, the use of coatings, the drilling process, and the application of novel drill materials. The shortcomings of existing solutions in the literature are discussed, and future trends in these four directions are proposed, with the aim of advancing micro-hole quality and industry progress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 437-464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.002
Yali Yi , Meiyu Chen , Ran Cao , Rui Wei , Herong Jin
Due to the integration of deceleration and output mechanism, the swing roller movable teeth reducer has a more compact structure. However, the assembly joint surface of the reducer is more complex, and the assembly chains are coupled in series and parallel, which lead to difficulties in modelling assembly deviations. To address this issue, this paper focuses on modelling of assembly deviation for the reducer transmission system. Firstly, the composition of reducer is clarified by meta-action analysis. The small displacement torsor is introduced to analyze the constraint attributes of the degree of freedom of components and assembly joint surface. Secondly, the propagation path and error components of assembly deviation are investigated to establish an assembly deviation propagation model for the reducer. Thirdly, the key influence tolerance terms of assembly deviations are identified by combining the theoretical calculations and simulation analysis. Finally, based on the contribution rate of assembly deviation analysis, a hierarchical adjustment strategy for machining accuracy targeting key tolerance terms is proposed. The results show that the proposed adjustment strategy can reduce assembly deviation and processing cost simultaneously for the reducer.
{"title":"Assembly deviation modelling for a swing roller movable teeth reducer considering machining precision based on Jacobi-Torsor model","authors":"Yali Yi , Meiyu Chen , Ran Cao , Rui Wei , Herong Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the integration of deceleration and output mechanism, the swing roller movable teeth reducer has a more compact structure. However, the assembly joint surface of the reducer is more complex, and the assembly chains are coupled in series and parallel, which lead to difficulties in modelling assembly deviations. To address this issue, this paper focuses on modelling of assembly deviation for the reducer transmission system. Firstly, the composition of reducer is clarified by meta-action analysis. The small displacement torsor is introduced to analyze the constraint attributes of the degree of freedom of components and assembly joint surface. Secondly, the propagation path and error components of assembly deviation are investigated to establish an assembly deviation propagation model for the reducer. Thirdly, the key influence tolerance terms of assembly deviations are identified by combining the theoretical calculations and simulation analysis. Finally, based on the contribution rate of assembly deviation analysis, a hierarchical adjustment strategy for machining accuracy targeting key tolerance terms is proposed. The results show that the proposed adjustment strategy can reduce assembly deviation and processing cost simultaneously for the reducer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 504-526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.010
Chang Ding , Jie Zhang , Zhonghua Hu , Haidong Zhu , Zhendong Luo
This study addresses the challenge of multiple geometric dimension measurement of nut based on a dual-position opto-electronic imaging platform, and the hardware's core function lies in the rapid acquisition of image information, while the software primarily provides high-precision image measurement algorithms. This study proposes a series of algorithms including preprocessing for noise elimination and illumination improvement, integer edge point extraction, sub-pixel edge point extraction, and Hough Transform-guided sub-pixel edge point-based line segment and ellipse relocation—a decisive algorithm for high-precision measurement—along with a geometric parameter calculation model. These innovations collectively enable the computation of four key metrics: Opposite Side Distance Range (OSDR), Thickness Range (TR), Thread Diameter Range (TDR), and Least Diagonal Distance (LDD). The developed optoelectronic instrument achieved an average measurement accuracy of 0.05 mm due to a 97 % confidence level from M5 to M16 nut specifications. Meanwhile, the instrument's two primary evaluation metrics—Standard Deviation of Machine Measurement (SDMM) and Standard Deviation of Measurement Error (SDME)—are 0.007 mm and 0.020 mm respectively, reflecting its stability and reliability. Extensive experimental testing and statistical analysis across various specifications and measurement standards have demonstrated that the geometric parameter relocation method based on sub-pixel edge point regression is a critical pathway for achieving high-precision measurement.
{"title":"Hough transform guided subpixel edge regression for high precision relocalization of nut geometric parameters","authors":"Chang Ding , Jie Zhang , Zhonghua Hu , Haidong Zhu , Zhendong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the challenge of multiple geometric dimension measurement of nut based on a dual-position opto-electronic imaging platform, and the hardware's core function lies in the rapid acquisition of image information, while the software primarily provides high-precision image measurement algorithms. This study proposes a series of algorithms including preprocessing for noise elimination and illumination improvement, integer edge point extraction, sub-pixel edge point extraction, and Hough Transform-guided sub-pixel edge point-based line segment and ellipse relocation—a decisive algorithm for high-precision measurement—along with a geometric parameter calculation model. These innovations collectively enable the computation of four key metrics: Opposite Side Distance Range (<em>OSDR</em>), Thickness Range (<em>TR</em>), Thread Diameter Range (<em>TDR</em>), and Least Diagonal Distance (<em>LDD</em>). The developed optoelectronic instrument achieved an average measurement accuracy of 0.05 mm due to a 97 % confidence level from M5 to M16 nut specifications. Meanwhile, the instrument's two primary evaluation metrics—Standard Deviation of Machine Measurement (<em>SDMM</em>) and Standard Deviation of Measurement Error (<em>SDME</em>)—are 0.007 mm and 0.020 mm respectively, reflecting its stability and reliability. Extensive experimental testing and statistical analysis across various specifications and measurement standards have demonstrated that the geometric parameter relocation method based on sub-pixel edge point regression is a critical pathway for achieving high-precision measurement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 527-546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.006
Zhelun Ma , Chi Zhang , Yanchong Gao , Liaoyuan Chen , Changsheng Liu , Tianbiao Yu
The structured grinding wheel being fabricated using additive manufacturing has been a potential method in the past decade. In this paper, ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser melting (UV-LM) was used to fabricate a structured grinding wheel. The introduction of ultrasonic can control the motion and position of the abrasive grain. Firstly, the time-dependent temperature field and flow field in the molten pool were modeled and discussed. The motion of the abrasive grain in the molten pool during the UV-LM process was simulated, and the results showed that the abrasive grains in the molten pool tend to move upward in the UV-LM process. Relative experiments were carried out to prove this phenomenon, showing that the experimental results had a good agreement with the simulation. When the ultrasonic amplitude increases from 0 μm to 6.5 μm, the average height of the abrasive grain improved by 21.1 %. Subsequently, the grinding wheel was fabricated via UV-LM technology, and the grinding performance was evaluated. The surface morphology of the fabricated grinding wheel is discussed, and the number of active grains and inter-grain spacing were analyzed. When the ultrasonic amplitude increases from 0 μm to 6.5 μm, the number of active grains increases by 143.84 %, the average inter-grain spacing also decreases by 59.85 %; The surface roughness decreases by 42.31 %; The tangential and normal grinding forces were reduced by 36.93 % and 41.82 %, respectively. The surface morphology and grinding force characterization were also discussed. This study can provide significant guidance for the fabrication of structured grinding wheels by additive manufacturing.
{"title":"Forming mechanism and performance evaluation of ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser melting structured CBN grinding wheel","authors":"Zhelun Ma , Chi Zhang , Yanchong Gao , Liaoyuan Chen , Changsheng Liu , Tianbiao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structured grinding wheel being fabricated using additive manufacturing has been a potential method in the past decade. In this paper, ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser melting (UV-LM) was used to fabricate a structured grinding wheel. The introduction of ultrasonic can control the motion and position of the abrasive grain. Firstly, the time-dependent temperature field and flow field in the molten pool were modeled and discussed. The motion of the abrasive grain in the molten pool during the UV-LM process was simulated, and the results showed that the abrasive grains in the molten pool tend to move upward in the UV-LM process. Relative experiments were carried out to prove this phenomenon, showing that the experimental results had a good agreement with the simulation. When the ultrasonic amplitude increases from 0 μm to 6.5 μm, the average height of the abrasive grain improved by 21.1 %. Subsequently, the grinding wheel was fabricated via UV-LM technology, and the grinding performance was evaluated. The surface morphology of the fabricated grinding wheel is discussed, and the number of active grains and inter-grain spacing were analyzed. When the ultrasonic amplitude increases from 0 μm to 6.5 μm, the number of active grains increases by 143.84 %, the average inter-grain spacing also decreases by 59.85 %; The surface roughness decreases by 42.31 %; The tangential and normal grinding forces were reduced by 36.93 % and 41.82 %, respectively. The surface morphology and grinding force characterization were also discussed. This study can provide significant guidance for the fabrication of structured grinding wheels by additive manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 465-477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.009
Miao Zhang , Lin Wang , Shujuan Li , Aofei Tang , Tuo Kang , Wang Qin , Weipei Zhang
Wire saw cutting is the main method for processing monocrystalline silicon wafers, in which the dynamic stability of the moving wire saw critically influences wafer surface quality. Existing research has primarily focused on optimizing processing parameters and analyzing localized cutting forces, yet the mechanism by which wire vibrations induce surface damage remains underexplored. In this study, a multi-parameter dynamic model incorporating wire speed, tension, and feed rate was developed based on axial motion string transverse vibration theory. The free vibration response was solved using modal analysis, with detailed characterization of the first four vibrational modes and critical damping evolution. In the forced vibration analysis, state equations were formulated for both concentrated and distributed forces, and numerical simulations revealed distinct wire saw vibration patterns under these conditions. Key findings include resonance thresholds and the dependence of vibration amplitude on excitation frequency and position. Orthogonal experiments quantified parameter effects on surface roughness (), with polarity analysis identifying feed rate as the dominant factor (polar ). Optimal parameters (wire speed , feed rate , tension ) achieved a surface roughness reduction to . Combined confocal microscopy and cutting force spectral analysis confirmed a linear positive correlation between wire vibration amplitude/cutting force fluctuations and surface damage features (scratches, pits, cracks). This work establishes a theoretical framework for optimizing wire saw cutting processes in industrial applications.
{"title":"Dynamic Behavior of diamond wire saw: Correlation with surface integrity in monocrystalline silicon wafer processing","authors":"Miao Zhang , Lin Wang , Shujuan Li , Aofei Tang , Tuo Kang , Wang Qin , Weipei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wire saw cutting is the main method for processing monocrystalline silicon wafers, in which the dynamic stability of the moving wire saw critically influences wafer surface quality. Existing research has primarily focused on optimizing processing parameters and analyzing localized cutting forces, yet the mechanism by which wire vibrations induce surface damage remains underexplored. In this study, a multi-parameter dynamic model incorporating wire speed, tension, and feed rate was developed based on axial motion string transverse vibration theory. The free vibration response was solved using modal analysis, with detailed characterization of the first four vibrational modes and critical damping evolution. In the forced vibration analysis, state equations were formulated for both concentrated and distributed forces, and numerical simulations revealed distinct wire saw vibration patterns under these conditions. Key findings include resonance thresholds and the dependence of vibration amplitude on excitation frequency and position. Orthogonal experiments quantified parameter effects on surface roughness (<span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span>), with polarity analysis identifying feed rate as the dominant factor (polar <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3.23</mn></mrow></math></span>). Optimal parameters (wire speed <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>v</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2.5</mn><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></math></span>, feed rate <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>v</mi><mi>f</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.5</mn><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>min</mi></mrow></math></span>, tension <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>15</mn><mi>N</mi></mrow></math></span>) achieved a surface roughness reduction to <span><math><mrow><mn>1.9345</mn><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. Combined confocal microscopy and cutting force spectral analysis confirmed a linear positive correlation between wire vibration amplitude/cutting force fluctuations and surface damage features (scratches, pits, cracks). This work establishes a theoretical framework for optimizing wire saw cutting processes in industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 422-436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study demonstrated a large-scale and fine-resolution 3D observation method and its application to a heat-affected zone (HAZ) in welded steel. The HAZ properties differ from those of the base steel through welding, wherein coarsened grains, associated with degraded toughness, show a gradual size transition on the micrometer scale within millimeter-sized regions and therefore necessitate broad and fine imaging. The proposed three-dimensional (3D) observation method is based on 3D internal structure microscopy. The method entails an automatic serial-sectioning approach that employs precision cutting, etching, and tiling imaging. Precision cutting enables stable sectioning with submicrometer accuracy and higher efficiency compared to polishing methods. A steel sample that includes a weld material, HAZ, and base material, was observed through 440 cross-sections. The imaged data covered a volume of 9,735 × 3,707 × 440 μm3, comprising 32,999 × 12,565 × 440 voxels, each having a size of 0.295 μm × 0.295 μm × 1.0 μm. Furthermore, fine structures were observed in lateral cross-sectional views, confirming depth continuity without misalignment and demonstrating the reconstruction quality. Moreover, the data exhibited a gradual reduction in prior-austenite grain size within the HAZ. Additionally, 3D morphology analysis, including Gaussian curvature, captured shape descriptors beyond grain size. Anisotropic features, such as ferrite side plates were reconstructed in 3D, clarifying their plate-like continuity, which can appears needle-like in 2D. Overall, the proposed method enables efficient large-scale 3D characterization, providing a broadly applicable framework for evaluating nonuniform microstructures over millimeter-scale regions.
{"title":"Large-scale 3D observation of microstructure around heat-affected zone using 3D internal structure microscopy","authors":"Norio Yamashita , Yuichi Koyanagi , Hiroshi Takemura , Tadashi Kasuya , Junya Inoue , Hideo Yokota","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrated a large-scale and fine-resolution 3D observation method and its application to a heat-affected zone (HAZ) in welded steel. The HAZ properties differ from those of the base steel through welding, wherein coarsened grains, associated with degraded toughness, show a gradual size transition on the micrometer scale within millimeter-sized regions and therefore necessitate broad and fine imaging. The proposed three-dimensional (3D) observation method is based on 3D internal structure microscopy. The method entails an automatic serial-sectioning approach that employs precision cutting, etching, and tiling imaging. Precision cutting enables stable sectioning with submicrometer accuracy and higher efficiency compared to polishing methods. A steel sample that includes a weld material, HAZ, and base material, was observed through 440 cross-sections. The imaged data covered a volume of 9,735 × 3,707 × 440 μm<sup>3</sup>, comprising 32,999 × 12,565 × 440 voxels, each having a size of 0.295 μm × 0.295 μm × 1.0 μm. Furthermore, fine structures were observed in lateral cross-sectional views, confirming depth continuity without misalignment and demonstrating the reconstruction quality. Moreover, the data exhibited a gradual reduction in prior-austenite grain size within the HAZ. Additionally, 3D morphology analysis, including Gaussian curvature, captured shape descriptors beyond grain size. Anisotropic features, such as ferrite side plates were reconstructed in 3D, clarifying their plate-like continuity, which can appears needle-like in 2D. Overall, the proposed method enables efficient large-scale 3D characterization, providing a broadly applicable framework for evaluating nonuniform microstructures over millimeter-scale regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 609-623"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hysteresis nonlinearity governed by multiple factors is a principal feature in smart material driven systems, such as magnetic shape memory alloy based micro-positioning actuator (M-MPA), that results in a slow response and affects the steady-state control performance of the system. This study investigates the output feedback motion control problem with prescribed performance guarantees for hysteretic nonlinear systems. By virtue of the nonlinear auto-regressive moving average model with enhanced hysteretic feature (EHF-NARMA), time-varying regulator, barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), and -backstepping technique, a recursive control strategy is proposed. The developed controller has the following features: (1) A gated recurrent unit (GRU) with an attention mechanism is incorporated in the NARMA model to construct the EHF-NARMA model, which achieves the enhancement of hysteresis feature. (2) A time-varying regulator with user-specified settling time is introduced directly into the controller. With this manner, a low-complexity controller is obtained. (3) The prescribed performance, including the time-varying output constraint and non-overshooting response, is guaranteed. The effectiveness of the constructed control scheme is validated by conducting experiments on the M-MPA.
多因素控制下的磁滞非线性是智能材料驱动系统的主要特征，如基于磁形状记忆合金的微定位执行器（M-MPA），导致系统响应缓慢，影响系统的稳态控制性能。研究了具有规定性能保证的滞后非线性系统的输出反馈运动控制问题。利用具有增强滞回特征的非线性自回归移动平均模型（EHF-NARMA）、时变调节器、势垒Lyapunov函数（BLF）和l α v -反演技术，提出了一种递归控制策略。所开发的控制器具有以下特点：(1)在NARMA模型中加入一个带注意机制的门控循环单元（GRU），构建EHF-NARMA模型，实现了滞后特征的增强。(2)在控制器中直接引入具有用户指定沉降时间的时变调节器β(t)。通过这种方法，得到了一个低复杂度的控制器。(3)保证了规定的性能，包括时变输出约束和非超调响应。在M-MPA上进行了实验，验证了所构建的控制方案的有效性。
{"title":"Output feedback motion control with prescribed performance guarantees for hysteretic nonlinear systems and its applications","authors":"Chen Zhang , Liangcai Su , Miaolei Zhou , Zhiliang Zhao , Xiuyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hysteresis nonlinearity governed by multiple factors is a principal feature in smart material driven systems, such as magnetic shape memory alloy based micro-positioning actuator (M-MPA), that results in a slow response and affects the steady-state control performance of the system. This study investigates the output feedback motion control problem with prescribed performance guarantees for hysteretic nonlinear systems. By virtue of the nonlinear auto-regressive moving average model with enhanced hysteretic feature (EHF-NARMA), time-varying regulator, barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></msub><mi>V</mi></mrow></math></span>-backstepping technique, a recursive control strategy is proposed. The developed controller has the following features: (1) A gated recurrent unit (GRU) with an attention mechanism is incorporated in the NARMA model to construct the EHF-NARMA model, which achieves the enhancement of hysteresis feature. (2) A time-varying regulator <span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> with user-specified settling time is introduced directly into the controller. With this manner, a low-complexity controller is obtained. (3) The prescribed performance, including the time-varying output constraint and non-overshooting response, is guaranteed. The effectiveness of the constructed control scheme is validated by conducting experiments on the M-MPA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Pages 547-558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号