Pub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.09.001
Mohammad Ali Izadi, Farhad Daryanoosh
Muscle mass is a key factor in the performance and health of athletes. Skeletal muscle mass is determined by the balance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). One of the goals of strength athletes is to have more muscle mass through exercise, nutritional, and supplementation strategies. From a supplementation perspective, creatine supplementation, especially when combined with resistance training, is recognized as a strategy for increasing lean tissue mass and muscle strength. The mechanisms of action of creatine in skeletal muscle include increased energy availability, IGF-1 signaling, activation of the mTOR pathway, increased intracellular water, activation of satellite cells, reduced muscle damage, and improved recovery, which are discussed in this review. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current literature on creatine supplementation and its effects on MPS in athletes. We review the mechanisms through which creatine exerts its effects, its implications for different types of exercise training, and considerations for optimal dosing protocols.
{"title":"The effect of creatine supplementation on muscle protein synthesis in athletes: A review","authors":"Mohammad Ali Izadi, Farhad Daryanoosh","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Muscle mass is a key factor in the performance and health of athletes. Skeletal muscle mass is determined by the balance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). One of the goals of strength athletes is to have more muscle mass through exercise, nutritional, and supplementation strategies. From a supplementation perspective, creatine supplementation, especially when combined with resistance training, is recognized as a strategy for increasing lean tissue mass and muscle strength. The mechanisms of action of creatine in skeletal muscle include increased energy availability, IGF-1 signaling, activation of the mTOR pathway, increased intracellular water, activation of satellite cells, reduced muscle damage, and improved recovery, which are discussed in this review. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current literature on creatine supplementation and its effects on MPS in athletes. We review the mechanisms through which creatine exerts its effects, its implications for different types of exercise training, and considerations for optimal dosing protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 273-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.002
Runmei Pan , Liangmei Ouyang , Xiying Zhang, Jimei Huang, Yan Xiao , Yingfang Chen
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the impact of optimizing nosocomial infection management plus nutritional support on the incidence of nosocomial infections and the quantity of indoor bacteria in surgical patients.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 400 surgical patients, rolled into Group A (n = 100, traditional nosocomial infection management + simple nutritional support), Group B (n = 100, traditional nosocomial infection management + complex nutritional support), Group C (n = 100, optimized nosocomial infection management + simple nutritional support), and Group D (n = 100, optimized nosocomial infection management + complex nutritional support). The incidence of nosocomial infections, indoor bacterial counts, and patient satisfaction were analyzed among the four groups.
Results
The postoperative air and hand bacterial counts in Groups C and D were lower than those in Groups A and B (P < 0.05). The preoperative preparation time and surgical time in Groups C and D were shorter than those in Groups A and B (P < 0.05). Patients in Groups C and D exhibited higher scores in nosocomial infection management quality compared to Groups A and B (P < 0.05). The number of highly satisfied patients in Group D was higher than that in Groups A, B, and C (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Optimizing nosocomial infection management combined with complex nutritional support can reduce the counts of airborne and hand bacteria in surgical rooms, decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections, and demonstrate positive practical effects.
{"title":"Influence of optimized nosocomial infection management model combined with nutritional support on the incidence of nosocomial infections and indoor bacterial count in surgical room patients","authors":"Runmei Pan , Liangmei Ouyang , Xiying Zhang, Jimei Huang, Yan Xiao , Yingfang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of optimizing nosocomial infection management plus nutritional support on the incidence of nosocomial infections and the quantity of indoor bacteria in surgical patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 400 surgical patients, rolled into Group A (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->100, traditional nosocomial infection management<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->simple nutritional support), Group B (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->100, traditional nosocomial infection management<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->complex nutritional support), Group C (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->100, optimized nosocomial infection management<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->simple nutritional support), and Group D (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->100, optimized nosocomial infection management<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->complex nutritional support). The incidence of nosocomial infections, indoor bacterial counts, and patient satisfaction were analyzed among the four groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The postoperative air and hand bacterial counts in Groups C and D were lower than those in Groups A and B (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The preoperative preparation time and surgical time in Groups C and D were shorter than those in Groups A and B (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). Patients in Groups C and D exhibited higher scores in nosocomial infection management quality compared to Groups A and B (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05). The number of highly satisfied patients in Group D was higher than that in Groups A, B, and C (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Optimizing nosocomial infection management combined with complex nutritional support can reduce the counts of airborne and hand bacteria in surgical rooms, decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections, and demonstrate positive practical effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 302-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.004
Zi Zeng , Hua Wei , Yuejuan Dong , Sijin Sun , Zhuoma Sunu
Objective
To evaluate the effects of various dietary regimens on adult patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Methods
Randomized controlled trials of various dietary regimens in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), published up to October 6th, 2024, were included in this study. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was employed to assess the risk of bias for quality evaluation. STATA 17.0 software was utilized for both pairwise meta-analysis and a series of network meta-analyses (NMA).
Results
A total of 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 22 studies involving 1288 patients were included, focusing on 12 different dietary approaches. The findings indicated that the recommended diet varied based on different outcome measures. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) was found to be the most effective for reducing body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. In contrast, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) was more effective in lowering blood lipid levels. Regarding liver enzyme indicators, the results were inconsistent, leading to no specific recommendations. Additionally, the low free sugar diet (LFSD) demonstrated greater benefits in improving glucose metabolism indicators.
Conclusions
The VLCKD is more effective for improving anthropometric indicators, while the DASH diet is more suitable for enhancing lipid indicators. There is currently no standardized dietary recommendation for alleviating liver enzyme indicators. The LFSD has proven to be more effective for parameters related to glucose metabolism indicators. Clinical applications should be tailored to the individual circumstances of each patient.
{"title":"What diet is optimal in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease? A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Zi Zeng , Hua Wei , Yuejuan Dong , Sijin Sun , Zhuoma Sunu","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of various dietary regimens on adult patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Randomized controlled trials of various dietary regimens in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), published up to October 6th, 2024, were included in this study. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was employed to assess the risk of bias for quality evaluation. STATA 17.0 software was utilized for both pairwise meta-analysis and a series of network meta-analyses (NMA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 22 studies involving 1288 patients were included, focusing on 12 different dietary approaches. The findings indicated that the recommended diet varied based on different outcome measures. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) was found to be the most effective for reducing body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. In contrast, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) was more effective in lowering blood lipid levels. Regarding liver enzyme indicators, the results were inconsistent, leading to no specific recommendations. Additionally, the low free sugar diet (LFSD) demonstrated greater benefits in improving glucose metabolism indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The VLCKD is more effective for improving anthropometric indicators, while the DASH diet is more suitable for enhancing lipid indicators. There is currently no standardized dietary recommendation for alleviating liver enzyme indicators. The LFSD has proven to be more effective for parameters related to glucose metabolism indicators. Clinical applications should be tailored to the individual circumstances of each patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 319-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145595040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-04DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.003
Wangyang Bai , Yi Ling , Hangqi Chen , Xiaofei Ye , Jinfang Xu , Xiaojing Guo , Jia He
Objectives
It remains unclear whether the combined use of the triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and body roundness index (BRI), specifically the triglyceride glucose-body roundness index (TyG-BRI), is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to investigate the joint association of the TyG and BRI with CVD among middle-aged and elderly adults with abnormal glucose metabolism.
Material and methods
This study obtained four national waves data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Patients age ≥ 45 years with abnormal glucose metabolism were included. The primary outcome was incident CVD. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess the joint association of the TyG, BRI and the TyG-BRI with outcomes.
Results
A total of 4805 Chinese adults with abnormal glucose metabolism were enrolled in this study. In the follow-up, 899 participants (18.7%) experienced CVD events. Compared to the first quartile of the index, the fourth quartile of TyG-BRI was associated with increased risk for CVD by 53.8% (HR, 1.538 [95% CI, 1.249–1.893]). Mediation effects analyses revealed that high TyG index significantly mediated 4.545% (P = 0.016) of the association between a high BRI and CVD incidence, while BRI simultaneously mediated 14.583% (P < 0.001) of the association between high TyG index and CVD.
Conclusions
TyG, BRI, and the combined TyG-BRI index are independently associated with increased risks of CVD among middle-aged and older adults with abnormal glucose metabolism in China. These indicators are easy to obtain and can be implemented in resource-limited primary hospitals to assist clinical practitioners in early screening and assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism.
{"title":"Joint association of the triglyceride glucose and body roundness index with cardiovascular diseases among Chinese middle and old-aged adults with abnormal glucose metabolism: A nationwide prospective cohort study","authors":"Wangyang Bai , Yi Ling , Hangqi Chen , Xiaofei Ye , Jinfang Xu , Xiaojing Guo , Jia He","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>It remains unclear whether the combined use of the triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and body roundness index (BRI), specifically the triglyceride glucose-body roundness index (TyG-BRI), is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to investigate the joint association of the TyG and BRI with CVD among middle-aged and elderly adults with abnormal glucose metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This study obtained four national waves data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Patients age ≥<!--> <!-->45 years with abnormal glucose metabolism were included. The primary outcome was incident CVD. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess the joint association of the TyG, BRI and the TyG-BRI with outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 4805 Chinese adults with abnormal glucose metabolism were enrolled in this study. In the follow-up, 899 participants (18.7%) experienced CVD events. Compared to the first quartile of the index, the fourth quartile of TyG-BRI was associated with increased risk for CVD by 53.8% (HR, 1.538 [95% CI, 1.249–1.893]). Mediation effects analyses revealed that high TyG index significantly mediated 4.545% (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.016) of the association between a high BRI and CVD incidence, while BRI simultaneously mediated 14.583% (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001) of the association between high TyG index and CVD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TyG, BRI, and the combined TyG-BRI index are independently associated with increased risks of CVD among middle-aged and older adults with abnormal glucose metabolism in China. These indicators are easy to obtain and can be implemented in resource-limited primary hospitals to assist clinical practitioners in early screening and assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 310-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145595039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.001
Ijaz ul Haq , Maham Saeed
The intestinal microbiota has been identified as an important regulator of cellular metabolism and human health. The gut microbiota begins developing in infancy and is fully established by the age of three years. It has a strong connection with diet and food components, influencing general well-being, nutrition, and disease conditions. In this review, we examine the structural and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota, the various ways it affects metabolic activity, its complex interactions with food components, and its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Furthermore, we address the mechanisms by which intestinal microbes influence metabolic syndrome. We present a comprehensive body of research supporting the notion that gut microbiota-based therapies including probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), pharmacological modulation (e.g., metformin, liraglutide), and metabolic surgery, can be utilized to modify host metabolism and reduce MetS. Such approaches are likely to transition from the bench to the bedside in the near future.
{"title":"An update on gut microbiota: Its interaction with nutrients and metabolic syndrome","authors":"Ijaz ul Haq , Maham Saeed","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intestinal microbiota has been identified as an important regulator of cellular metabolism and human health. The gut microbiota begins developing in infancy and is fully established by the age of three years. It has a strong connection with diet and food components, influencing general well-being, nutrition, and disease conditions. In this review, we examine the structural and functional composition of the intestinal microbiota, the various ways it affects metabolic activity, its complex interactions with food components, and its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Furthermore, we address the mechanisms by which intestinal microbes influence metabolic syndrome. We present a comprehensive body of research supporting the notion that gut microbiota-based therapies including probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), pharmacological modulation (e.g., metformin, liraglutide), and metabolic surgery, can be utilized to modify host metabolism and reduce MetS. Such approaches are likely to transition from the bench to the bedside in the near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 260-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.004
Frédéric V. Valla , Cécile Betry , Alexandra Aupetit , Dorothée Bedock , Cécile Bossu Estour , Caroline Dendoncker , Adam Jirka , Johann Morizot , Alexandre Morvan , Dominique Soupart , Bérénice Teulieres , Sophie Vandendorpe , Maggie Le Bourhis , Francisca Joly
In 2002, the French ministry of health encouraged the creation of organized and specialized healthcare professional teams dedicated to nutrition support within healthcare institutions. Since then, many institutions have implemented local nutrition support teams (NST), with locally defined objectives, scopes, missions and resources. However, only 17% of French and Belgian institutions have managed to do so and many others struggle to implement a local NST. A multidisciplinary group was set up, with 12 experts involved in a local NST, with the input of a hospital director and a health economist, to help design future local NST, through an NST Framework. Eleven questions were generated (NST scope of action, mission, institutional interaction and integration, composition, mandatory tools, rationale, health economic model, training, dietician and medical doctors’ collaboration, and resultant monitoring). Plans and strategies were conceived for each of the 11 questions, to facilitate local healthcare institutions to adapt this framework to their local context.
{"title":"Canevas de structuration d’une unité transversale de nutrition institutionnelle","authors":"Frédéric V. Valla , Cécile Betry , Alexandra Aupetit , Dorothée Bedock , Cécile Bossu Estour , Caroline Dendoncker , Adam Jirka , Johann Morizot , Alexandre Morvan , Dominique Soupart , Bérénice Teulieres , Sophie Vandendorpe , Maggie Le Bourhis , Francisca Joly","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2002, the French ministry of health encouraged the creation of organized and specialized healthcare professional teams dedicated to nutrition support within healthcare institutions. Since then, many institutions have implemented local nutrition support teams (NST), with locally defined objectives, scopes, missions and resources. However, only 17% of French and Belgian institutions have managed to do so and many others struggle to implement a local NST. A multidisciplinary group was set up, with 12 experts involved in a local NST, with the input of a hospital director and a health economist, to help design future local NST, through an NST Framework. Eleven questions were generated (NST scope of action, mission, institutional interaction and integration, composition, mandatory tools, rationale, health economic model, training, dietician and medical doctors’ collaboration, and resultant monitoring). Plans and strategies were conceived for each of the 11 questions, to facilitate local healthcare institutions to adapt this framework to their local context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.003
Pınar Unaldi-Daldeviren, Seda Ciftci
Purpose of review
Obesity is a multifaceted condition that significantly increases the risk of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, stroke, and certain cancers. Traditional dietary interventions emphasize continuous caloric restriction; however, intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as an alternative approach that prioritizes meal timing over sustained calorie reduction. This review examines the effectiveness of IF in obesity management, highlighting its potential benefits, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications. Notably, the focus is on evidence from human clinical studies, excluding data from animal models.
Recent findings
IF, which includes protocols such as alternate-day fasting (ADF), modified alternate-day fasting (MADF), the 5:2 diet, and time-restricted feeding (TRF), has demonstrated efficacy in promoting weight loss, improving metabolic health, and optimizing body composition. Studies indicate that a 5–10% reduction in body weight within six months can enhance glycemic control, blood pressure, and lipid profiles, thereby reducing obesity-related complications. IF provides a sustainable approach to dietary regulation without necessitating the elimination of specific food groups. Emerging clinical evidence also suggests that beyond weight loss, IF can improve insulin sensitivity, lower blood pressure, modulate appetite-regulating hormones (e.g., leptin and adiponectin), and even reduce liver fat and enzymes associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Summary
IF represents a promising dietary strategy for obesity management, offering metabolic benefits beyond weight loss. While accumulating evidence supports its effectiveness, further research is required to determine its long-term effects, optimal implementation strategies, and broader impact on metabolic health.
{"title":"The metabolic promise of intermittent fasting in obesity intervention: Insights from human clinical studies","authors":"Pınar Unaldi-Daldeviren, Seda Ciftci","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of review</h3><div>Obesity is a multifaceted condition that significantly increases the risk of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, stroke, and certain cancers. Traditional dietary interventions emphasize continuous caloric restriction; however, intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as an alternative approach that prioritizes meal timing over sustained calorie reduction. This review examines the effectiveness of IF in obesity management, highlighting its potential benefits, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications. Notably, the focus is on evidence from human clinical studies, excluding data from animal models.</div></div><div><h3>Recent findings</h3><div>IF, which includes protocols such as alternate-day fasting (ADF), modified alternate-day fasting (MADF), the 5:2 diet, and time-restricted feeding (TRF), has demonstrated efficacy in promoting weight loss, improving metabolic health, and optimizing body composition. Studies indicate that a 5–10% reduction in body weight within six months can enhance glycemic control, blood pressure, and lipid profiles, thereby reducing obesity-related complications. IF provides a sustainable approach to dietary regulation without necessitating the elimination of specific food groups. Emerging clinical evidence also suggests that beyond weight loss, IF can improve insulin sensitivity, lower blood pressure, modulate appetite-regulating hormones (e.g., leptin and adiponectin), and even reduce liver fat and enzymes associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>IF represents a promising dietary strategy for obesity management, offering metabolic benefits beyond weight loss. While accumulating evidence supports its effectiveness, further research is required to determine its long-term effects, optimal implementation strategies, and broader impact on metabolic health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 240-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excessive consumption of carbohydrates often leads to central obesity, endocrine metabolic alterations, and adrenal dysfunctions. Phytoecdysteroids, a class of active natural compounds, have shown promising effects on the physiological functions of vertebrates. In this study, we investigated the impact of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), a specific phytoecdysteroid, on the adrenal zona fasciculata of the obese gerbil species Gerbillus tarabuli.
Materials and methods
Gerbils were fed a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) for a period of 3 months, followed by an additional 2-month period on the same diet, with and without supplementation with 20E (50 mg/kg body weight). At the end of the experimental period, we recorded body and organ weights, assessed biochemical and hormonal parameters, and analyzed the adrenal glands through histological and ultrastructural examinations.
Results
The HCD regimen elevated both body weight and abdominal adipose tissue in Gerbillus tarabuli, accompanied by hyperactivation of the HPA axis. Significantly increased levels of plasma glucose, insulin, and adrenal cortisol were also observed. Histological and ultrastructural analyses of the adrenal glands revealed important alterations, characterized by zona fasciculata disorganization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen deposition. Conversely, administration of 20E led to improvements in biochemical and hormonal parameters, including significant reductions in insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels. Although no significant changes were observed in body weight, mesenteric or subcutaneous fat mass or relative adrenal weight, we noted a significant reduction in perigonadal adipose tissue weight, underscoring its selective impact on fat distribution.
{"title":"High-carbohydrate diet-induced central obesity in gerbils: 20-hydroxyecdysone effects on adrenal zona fasciculata histology","authors":"Zineb Bellahreche, Ouahiba Sihali-Beloui, Nesrine Semiane, Aicha Mallek, Yasmina Dahmani","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Excessive consumption of carbohydrates often leads to central obesity, endocrine metabolic alterations, and adrenal dysfunctions. Phytoecdysteroids, a class of active natural compounds, have shown promising effects on the physiological functions of vertebrates. In this study, we investigated the impact of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), a specific phytoecdysteroid, on the adrenal zona fasciculata of the obese gerbil species <em>Gerbillus tarabuli</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Gerbils were fed a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) for a period of 3 months, followed by an additional 2-month period on the same diet, with and without supplementation with 20E (50<!--> <!-->mg/kg body weight). At the end of the experimental period, we recorded body and organ weights, assessed biochemical and hormonal parameters, and analyzed the adrenal glands through histological and ultrastructural examinations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HCD regimen elevated both body weight and abdominal adipose tissue in <em>Gerbillus tarabuli</em>, accompanied by hyperactivation of the HPA axis. Significantly increased levels of plasma glucose, insulin, and adrenal cortisol were also observed. Histological and ultrastructural analyses of the adrenal glands revealed important alterations, characterized by zona fasciculata disorganization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen deposition. Conversely, administration of 20E led to improvements in biochemical and hormonal parameters, including significant reductions in insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels. Although no significant changes were observed in body weight, mesenteric or subcutaneous fat mass or relative adrenal weight, we noted a significant reduction in perigonadal adipose tissue weight, underscoring its selective impact on fat distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 292-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145595041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.001
Francisca Joly
{"title":"L’été, une parenthèse pour nourrir l’esprit","authors":"Francisca Joly","doi":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nupar.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54702,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme","volume":"39 3","pages":"Page 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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