Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics最新文献_第9页

Study on snowdrift characteristics and corresponding control measures for elevated buildings in Arctic region 北极地区高架建筑积雪特性及控制措施研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106245

Qingwen Zhang , Guolong Zhang , Huamei Mo , Ruixiang Zheng , Xudong Zhi , Feng Fan

The melting of Arctic sea ice offers new opportunities for commercial use of the Arctic Passage. However, severe snow drifting environments in this region often cause snow-related disasters, such as traffic congestion and structural burial, challenging the development of the Arctic Passage and coastal ports. To withstand snowdrift disasters, elevated structures have been commonly used in the Arctic. Therefore, this study aims to explore the snowdrift characteristics and corresponding control measures for Arctic elevated buildings. Initially, a wind tunnel test of snowdrifts around a scaled elevated building was carried out based on the analysis of the typical adverse meteorological conditions in Arctic region. Through the comparison with test results, a numerical method was validated and used to investigate the measures of snow reduction and prevention for elevated buildings. The results show that the elevated structures can effectively reduce surrounding snowdrifts by accelerating airflow beneath the building. Increasing elevated height and lateral elevated pillar columns may lead to more even snow distributions, while widening and shortening wind channels between elevated pillars can effectively control snowdrifts under the elevated layer.

北极海冰的融化为北极航道的商业利用提供了新的机会。然而，该地区恶劣的积雪环境经常造成交通拥堵和结构掩埋等雪灾，给北极航道和沿海港口的发展带来挑战。为了抵御雪堆灾害，高架结构在北极地区被广泛使用。因此，本研究旨在探讨北极高架建筑的积雪特征及相应的控制措施。首先，在分析北极地区典型不利气象条件的基础上，进行了规模高架建筑周围积雪的风洞试验。通过与试验结果的对比，验证了数值方法的有效性，并将其应用于高架建筑降雪和防雪措施的研究。结果表明，高架结构可以通过加速建筑物下方的气流，有效减少周围的积雪。增加高架高度和横向高架柱可以使积雪分布更加均匀，而加宽和缩短高架柱之间的风道可以有效地控制高架层下的积雪。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated influence of wind direction and street length on pollutant dispersion and pedestrian exposure in idealized street canyons: A CFD approach 风向和街道长度对理想街道峡谷中污染物扩散和行人暴露的综合影响：CFD方法

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106247

Namrata Mishra , Aditya Kumar Patra , Abhishek Penchala

This study numerically examines the combined effects of wind direction and street length on pollutant dispersion, ventilation, and pedestrian-level exposure in urban street canyons. Idealized symmetric, step-up, and step-down canyon configurations with aspect ratios (AR = 1, 3) and street lengths (L/W = 2–20) were analyzed under four wind directions (α = 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°). Ventilation performance was evaluated using dimensionless air exchange rate (ACH∗) and pedestrian net escape velocity (NEV_ped∗), while exposure was quantified through intake fraction (<P_IF>). Results show that symmetric canyons accumulate the highest pollutant concentrations under parallel winds (α = 0°), while step-up and step-down canyons show peak levels under oblique and perpendicular winds, respectively. Ventilation efficiency is highest in symmetric and step-down canyons under oblique winds (α = 30°–60°), and in step-up canyons under perpendicular winds (α = 90°). The lowest <P_IF> occurs under oblique, parallel, and perpendicular winds for symmetric, step-down, and step-up canyons, respectively. Longer streets generally reduce ventilation and increase <P_IF>, particularly under α = 0°. However, step-down canyons with AR = 3 demonstrate improved ventilation for L/W > 10 under α = 30°–90°. These findings offer practical insights for optimizing canyon geometries to enhance urban air quality.

本研究在数值上考察了风向和街道长度对城市街道峡谷中污染物扩散、通风和行人暴露水平的综合影响。在4种风向（α = 0°、30°、60°、90°）下，分析了宽高比（AR = 1、3）和街道长度（L/W = 2-20）下的理想对称、升压和降压峡谷形态。采用无因次空气交换率（ACH∗）和行人净逃逸速度（neped∗）评估通风性能，并通过进气分数（<P_IF>）量化暴露程度。结果表明，在平行风（α = 0°）下，对称峡谷的污染物浓度最高，而在斜风和垂直风下，升压峡谷和降压峡谷的污染物浓度最高。在斜风（α = 30°~ 60°）和垂直风（α = 90°）下，对称峡谷和降压峡谷的通风效率最高。最低的<；P_IF>；分别出现在对称、降压和升压峡谷的斜风、平行风和垂直风下。较长的街道通常会减少通风，增加<；P_IF>，特别是在α = 0°时。然而，AR = 3的降压峡谷在α = 30°-90°时，L/W >； 10的通风效果更好。这些发现为优化峡谷几何形状以提高城市空气质量提供了实用的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing wind tunnel fans for large-scale turbulence generation 大尺度湍流产生风洞风机特性研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106219

Marcello Catania , Svenja Goedeke , Lars Neuhaus , Michael Hölling , Alberto Zasso

Wind tunnel testing requires the accurate replication of natural flow characteristics. In wind engineering and wind energy research the generation of realistic wind conditions is needed to capture the system dynamics. In particular, large vorticose structures can induce correlated forces on bridges and high-rise buildings, potentially leading to dangerous instabilities. Traditional passive turbulence generation methods, such as grids and spire elements, are limited in turbulence scales and intensity. Active techniques like moving grids, while more effective, struggle to generate low-frequency components and often come with high installation costs. A promising, cost-effective alternative is the active control of the facility’s fans, which can inject energy into the low-frequency range of the turbulence spectrum, allowing the study of transient phenomena, reproducing non-synoptic winds and other flows with custom characteristics. This study presents a straightforward methodology for characterizing wind tunnel fans as turbulence generators, offering insights into their potential and limitations.

风洞试验要求准确地复制自然流动特性。在风力工程和风能研究中，需要生成真实的风况来捕捉系统动力学。特别是，大型涡状结构可以在桥梁和高层建筑上产生相关力，可能导致危险的不稳定。传统的被动湍流生成方法，如网格和尖顶单元，在湍流的尺度和强度上受到限制。像移动电网这样的主动技术虽然更有效，但却难以产生低频元件，而且往往需要高昂的安装成本。一个很有前途的、经济的替代方案是主动控制设施的风扇，它可以将能量注入湍流频谱的低频范围，从而可以研究瞬态现象，再现非天气风和其他具有定制特征的气流。本研究提出了一种直观的方法来描述风洞风扇作为湍流发生器的特征，并提供了对其潜力和局限性的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Digital twin-based prediction of vortex-induced vibration of a twin-box bridge deck within the lock-in region 基于数字孪生的双箱式桥面锁紧区涡激振动预测

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106242

Hao-Yang Li , You-Lin Xu , Bo-Man Cheng , Shang-Jun Jiang

Wind tunnel tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are the two most common methods for investigating vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a bridge deck at its design stage. However, current practice and research indicate that the two methods have their own uncertainties and drawbacks. This study thus integrates the two methods to develop global digital twins for investigating the VIV of a bridge deck section within its lock-in region. A twin-box bridge deck is first tested in a wind tunnel as a physical entity, and the relevant VIV information is collected. A virtual model for the physical entity is established using CFD simulation. The virtual model is then mapped with the physical entity through fusing the measurement data from the physical model with an optimization process, thereby establishing a local digital twin of the deck section for a given wind speed. Global digital twins are subsequently created based on local digital twins and the Kriging interpolation. The local and global digital twins are employed to investigate and eliminate blockage effects, and to predict the VIV of the deck section at different damping levels and wind speeds within the lock-in region. The results obtained demonstrate that the developed digital twins can provide more information and more accurate prediction of VIV of the deck section, compared with that provided by wind tunnel tests or CFD simulations alone.

风洞试验和计算流体力学（CFD）模拟是研究桥面设计阶段涡激振动（VIV）的两种常用方法。然而，目前的实践和研究表明，这两种方法都有其自身的不确定性和不足。因此，本研究整合了两种方法来开发全球数字双胞胎，用于调查其锁定区域内桥面部分的VIV。首先将双箱桥面作为实体在风洞中进行测试，并收集相关的动声信息。通过CFD仿真，建立了物理实体的虚拟模型。将物理模型的测量数据进行优化融合，将虚拟模型与物理实体进行映射，从而建立给定风速下甲板截面的局部数字孪生体。随后在本地数字孪生和克里格插值的基础上创建全球数字孪生。采用局部和全局数字孪生模型来研究和消除阻塞效应，并预测船闸区域内不同阻尼水平和风速下甲板截面的涡激振动。结果表明，与单独的风洞试验或CFD模拟相比，所开发的数字孪生体可以提供更多的信息和更准确的甲板截面涡激振动预测。

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引用次数: 0

High accuracy wind-induced response prediction of transmission tower based on graph neural hybrid network 基于图神经混合网络的输电塔风致响应高精度预测

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106241

Wenqiang Jiang , Yucheng Guo , Zhe Zheng , Qing Zhang , Tongtong Dai , Liqiang An , Xing Fu

Response prediction is critical for structural safety assessment and disaster resilience for transmission towers. Due to the inherent characteristics of transmission towers, such as their towering height, heavy load, and strong flexibility, they are particularly sensitive to wind load excitations. In this paper, we propose a response prediction model based on a Graph Attention Neural Network (GAT-ResLSTM) for transmission towers under wind load conditions, which transforms the transmission tower into a graph data structure and deeply explores the spatial and temporal characteristics of different nodes, and their dependencies on each other to realize the high-precision temporal response prediction of the transmission tower. To verify the validity of the model, the transmission tower under wind conditions is taken as an example for numerical validation, and the prediction performance of the model on the field monitoring data in windy conditions of the transmission tower is also studied. The results show that the proposed model has good prediction performance in transmission tower response prediction, which is better than the traditional time series prediction model, and the error in monitoring data prediction is less than 4 %.

响应预测是输电塔结构安全评估和抗灾能力评估的关键。输电塔由于其固有的高、重、柔性强等特点，对风荷载的激励特别敏感。本文提出了一种基于图注意力神经网络（GAT-ResLSTM）的风荷载条件下输电塔响应预测模型，将输电塔转化为图数据结构，深入挖掘各节点的时空特征及其相互依赖关系，实现输电塔的高精度时间响应预测。为验证模型的有效性，以有风条件下输电塔为例进行了数值验证，并研究了该模型对输电塔有风条件下现场监测数据的预测性能。结果表明，该模型在输电塔响应预测中具有较好的预测性能，优于传统的时间序列预测模型，监测数据预测误差小于4%。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of geometric details and external factors on the aeroelastic behavior of a single-box deck 几何细节和外部因素对单箱甲板气动弹性性能的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106237

Filippo Calamelli , Tommaso Argentini , Alberto Zasso , Jungao Wang

The Julsundet Bridge, part of Norway’s E39 fjord-crossing project, is set to become Europe’s longest suspension bridge with a 1625-meter main span. Its single-box deck design, chosen for aerodynamic efficiency, approaches the critical flutter speed limit defined by Norwegian standards. This study investigates the bridge’s aeroelastic stability through wind tunnel experiments and numerical analysis, focusing on the effects of geometry details, such as barriers and gantry rails, and external factors like snow accumulation.

Wind tunnel tests conducted at the Politecnico di Milano evaluated various configurations to optimize stability without altering the deck’s primary geometry. Snow accumulation, a significant factor in Nordic climates, was also simulated to assess its impact. Numerical multi-modal analysis complemented these experiments, providing insights into flutter mechanisms.

Results indicate that the single-box deck is aerodynamically robust, with the circular gantry rails offering the best performance. However, snow accumulation substantially reduces stability, highlighting the need for maintenance protocols and monitoring systems. Vortex-induced vibrations were not observed under typical conditions, except during snow scenarios.

This research demonstrates the feasibility of the single-box deck solution for the Julsundet Bridge and it provides practical insights for the design, maintenance, and operation of the bridge.

Julsundet大桥是挪威E39峡湾穿越工程的一部分，主跨1625米，将成为欧洲最长的悬索桥。它的单箱甲板设计，选择气动效率，接近挪威标准规定的临界颤振速度限制。本研究通过风洞实验和数值分析研究了桥梁的气动弹性稳定性，重点研究了几何细节（如障碍物和龙门架）和外部因素（如积雪）的影响。在米兰理工大学进行的风洞测试评估了各种配置，以在不改变甲板主要几何形状的情况下优化稳定性。积雪是北欧气候的一个重要因素，也被模拟以评估其影响。数值多模态分析补充了这些实验，提供了对颤振机制的见解。结果表明，单箱式甲板具有良好的气动稳定性，其中圆形龙门轨道的气动性能最好。然而，积雪大大降低了稳定性，强调了维护协议和监测系统的必要性。除了在下雪的情况下，在典型条件下没有观察到涡激振动。本研究证明了Julsundet大桥单箱桥面方案的可行性，并为大桥的设计、维护和运营提供了实用的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of wind barrier structures on the flow field around railway bridges under crosswind: A study based on real terrain in Xinjiang, China 侧风作用下风障结构对铁路桥梁周围流场的影响——基于新疆实际地形的研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106224

Wenfei Shang , Xiujuan Miao , Guangjun Gao , Jie Zhang , Tanghong Liu , Jiabin Wang , Sinisa Krajnović

This paper presents the influence of an innovative wind barrier designed to mitigate the effects of crosswinds on high-speed train operating areas in mountainous regions based on typical terrain in Xinjiang, China. The study employs the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations combined with an unstructured hexahedral volume mesher to simulate airflow around cross-scale structures, and the simulation method has been validated through wind tunnel tests. First, the test results confirm the numerical method's advantage in cross-scale geometric model computations. Second, this paper examines airflow characteristics upstream of the bridge in the basic model of typical terrain (BMTT). Results show multiple high-velocity zones within the terrain. Notably, the bridge high-speed zones pose a risk to train safety, caused by valley-influenced airflow compression toward the central bridge along the rail direction, combined with downhill winds driven by terrain and gravity effects. Third, comparing the anti-crosswind performance of the original porous case (OPC) and the diffusible diversion case (DDC) reveals that the DDC is more effective in reducing crosswind effects on train operating areas. By deflecting airflow upward and downward, DDC creates reverse flow zones at tracks 1 and 2 regions. It blocks crosswinds over 86.7 % of its area and diverts 74.1 % of crosswinds away from train operating areas, enhancing wind barrier performance by 44.2 %.

本文以新疆典型地形为例，介绍了一种新型风障对山区高速列车运行区域侧风影响的影响。采用非定常reynolds - average Navier-Stokes （URANS）方程结合非结构化六面体体积网格对跨尺度结构周围气流进行模拟，并通过风洞试验对模拟方法进行了验证。首先，试验结果证实了数值方法在跨尺度几何模型计算中的优势。其次，在典型地形基本模型（BMTT）中考察了桥梁上游的气流特性。结果表明，地形内存在多个高速带。值得注意的是，由于山谷影响的气流沿轨道方向向中心桥梁压缩，再加上地形和重力效应驱动的下坡风，桥梁高速区对列车安全构成了威胁。第三，对比了原始多孔改道壳体（OPC）和扩散改道壳体（DDC）的抗侧风性能，发现扩散改道壳体（DDC）在减小列车运行区域侧风影响方面更为有效。通过使气流向上和向下偏转，DDC在轨道1和2区域形成逆流区。它阻挡了86.7%的侧风，使74.1%的侧风远离了列车运行区域，使风障性能提高了44.2%。

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引用次数: 0

Aerodynamic characterization of bicycle wheels: Development of a reversed-fork setup for drag and ventilation moment measurement 自行车车轮的空气动力学特性：用于阻力和通风力矩测量的反叉装置的开发

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106240

Enrico Inghilleri, Dario Dal Cin, Claudio Somaschini, Stefano Giappino, Paolo Schito

Aerodynamic resistance plays a fundamental role in cycling races. Since competition time gaps are continuously narrowing, aerodynamic optimization of technical equipment has gained crucial relevance. Therefore, wheel aerodynamics has been extensively investigated through wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations. Although it has been demonstrated that ventilation moment accounts for a significant portion of wheel power losses, it is not measured in most wind tunnel tests concerning bicycle wheels. This paper aims to introduce and validate a setup in which the bicycle wheel is supported by a reversed fork, enabling the simultaneous measurement of rotational power losses and aerodynamic forces. The presence of the fork can produce a more realistic flow field, potentially offering insights into the frame-wheel interaction. The proposed methodology combines a coast-down test and an inertia measurement to estimate the rotational power loss due to ventilation moment with maximum uncertainty of about 1%. The outcomes of the tests agree with the results reported in the literature, indicating that the flow behavior is accurately captured. Comparison with previous wind tunnel campaigns conducted within the same facility, but with a different setup on the same wheel-tire assembly, revealed consistent trends of translational drag force and steering moment with yaw angle.

空气阻力在自行车比赛中起着至关重要的作用。随着比赛时间差距的不断缩小，技术装备的气动优化具有至关重要的意义。因此，通过风洞实验和数值模拟对车轮空气动力学进行了广泛的研究。虽然已经证明通风力矩占车轮功率损失的很大一部分，但在大多数关于自行车车轮的风洞试验中没有测量它。本文旨在介绍并验证一种设置，其中自行车车轮由一个反向叉支撑，能够同时测量旋转功率损失和空气动力。叉的存在可以产生更真实的流场，潜在地提供对车架-车轮相互作用的见解。所提出的方法结合了滑行测试和惯性测量来估计由于通风力矩造成的旋转功率损失，最大不确定性约为1%。试验结果与文献报道的结果一致，表明准确地捕获了流动特性。与之前在同一设施内进行的风洞试验相比，在相同的车轮-轮胎组件上进行了不同的设置，发现平移阻力和转向力矩随偏航角的变化趋势一致。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of features influencing glass façade damage in mid- to high-rise buildings during extreme wind events 极端风条件下影响中高层建筑玻璃幕墙损伤的特征识别

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106232

Huy Pham, Axel Soto, Monica Arul

While the importance of glass façade performance under extreme wind events has gained attention, further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding. Decades of recurring glass façade damage in mid- to high-rise buildings in Houston’s Central Business District further underscore this need. This paper focuses on identifying features that influence glass façade damage in such buildings during extreme wind events. Initially, a synthesis of historical glazing damage in the United States from 1980 to 2024 is conducted, focusing on cases with accessible information. These records are supplemented with literature and the authors’ opinions to develop three feature categories: architectural, structural, and environmental. They encompass design- and location-related features that may contribute to glass façade damage during windstorms. Their applicability is demonstrated through two case studies involving different windstorm types: the Houston Derecho (2024) and Hurricane Laura (2020). Post-event building damage imagery is used to evaluate the proposed features. Results show that architectural and structural features are useful for characterizing glass façade systems, inferring missing information, and identifying potential vulnerabilities in building shape and footprint. Environmental features help explain how the spatial arrangement of surrounding buildings may amplify wind loads in dense urban areas.

虽然极端风事件下玻璃幕墙性能的重要性已经引起了人们的注意，但需要进一步的研究来全面了解。几十年来，休斯顿中央商务区的中高层建筑反复出现玻璃幕墙损坏，这进一步强调了这一需求。本文的重点是识别在极端风事件中影响此类建筑物玻璃立面破坏的特征。首先，对1980年至2024年美国历史上的玻璃损坏进行了综合分析，重点关注可获取信息的案例。这些记录补充了文献和作者的观点，形成了三个特征类别：建筑、结构和环境。它们包括与设计和位置相关的特征，这些特征可能会导致风暴期间玻璃表面的损坏。通过涉及不同风暴类型的两个案例研究证明了它们的适用性：休斯顿德雷科（2024年）和劳拉飓风（2020年）。事件后建筑物损坏图像用于评估所提出的特征。结果表明，建筑和结构特征对于表征玻璃幕墙系统、推断缺失信息以及识别建筑形状和足迹中的潜在漏洞非常有用。环境特征有助于解释在人口密集的城市地区，周围建筑物的空间布局如何放大风荷载。

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引用次数: 0

Aerostatic stability analysis of a suspension bridge based on the stiffness matrix singularity criterion 基于刚度矩阵奇异准则的悬索桥静压稳定性分析

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106238

Dian-yi Guo, Wen-ming Zhang, Li-ming Zhao

The risk of aerostatic instability of long-span bridges grows with their span length increase. The judgment criteria for the critical state of aerostatic stability vary across the studies, implying large errors and difficulty in revealing the instability mechanism. Addressing the above issue, this study proposes a new judgment criterion, implying that the structure's stiffness matrix should be singular, while the product of the eigenvector of zero eigenvalues and the load vector should not be zero. The proposed criterion is expected to locate the limit points of structural instability and shed more light on its essence, including the critical wind velocity and aerostatic stability mechanism. To this end, the detailed calculation process of the proposed method is presented. Its effectiveness and accuracy are verified by a case study of the Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge in China, featuring a suspension bridge with three towers. For the initial wind angles of attack at 0° and +3°, the overall stiffness matrix of the bridge was singular at the last loading step. The limit points of instability of the bridge were inferred based on the above criterion. The critical wind velocities for aerostatic stability were 122.7 and 120 m/s, respectively. However, the stiffness matrix was not singular at the −3°initial angle of attack.

大跨径桥梁的静力失稳风险随着跨径的增大而增大。在不同的研究中，空气静力稳定临界状态的判断标准各不相同，这意味着误差较大，难以揭示不稳定机制。针对上述问题，本文提出了一种新的判断准则，即结构的刚度矩阵必须是奇异的，而零特征值的特征向量与荷载向量的乘积不应为零。该准则有望定位结构失稳的极限点，揭示结构失稳的本质，包括临界风速和静压稳定机理。为此，给出了该方法的详细计算过程。以马鞍山长江大桥三塔悬索桥为例，验证了该方法的有效性和准确性。在初始风攻角为0°和+3°时，最后加载阶段桥梁整体刚度矩阵为奇异。在此基础上，推导了桥梁的失稳极限点。空气静力稳定的临界风速分别为122.7和120 m/s。但在初始迎角为- 3°时，刚度矩阵并不奇异。

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引用次数: 0