Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics最新文献_第9页

Predicting near-surface vertical turbulence and friction velocity using horizontal wind speed observations in landfalling tropical cyclones 利用登陆热带气旋的水平风速观测预测近地面垂直湍流和摩擦速度

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106254

Arezoo Bakhshizadeh, Pedro L. Fernández-Cabán

This paper leveraged a large anemometric dataset from 21 landfalling Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) to investigate the suitability of two popular machine learning (ML) approaches, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector regression (SVR), for accurately predicting vertical wind turbulence in the atmospheric surface layer (ASL). The dataset comprised 3013 10-min wind speed records taken at 5 m and 10 m heights and collected by portable weather stations as part of the Florida Coastal Monitoring Program (FCMP) between 1999 and 2018. Input features to the ML models were limited to longitudinal wind flow velocity statistics, while model outputs consisted of normalized friction velocity and vertical turbulence intensity predictions. A robust nested Monte Carlo cross-validation technique was applied to extract uncertainty measures and assess overall ML performance. ML-based predictions for unseen FCMP data subsets agreed well with field observations, particularly for 10 m measurements. However, ML performance metrics for vertical turbulence intensity predictions were consistently superior to friction velocity estimates, and better ML accuracy was found for extreme wind speed records (>45 m/s). Findings of this work can be applied to infer statistics of TC-induced vertical turbulent fluxes in the ASL from limited (or incomplete) wind speed records.

本文利用来自21个登陆大西洋热带气旋（tc）的大型风速数据集，研究了两种流行的机器学习（ML）方法，即人工神经网络（ANN）和支持向量回归（SVR），用于准确预测大气表层（ASL）垂直风湍流的适用性。该数据集包括1999年至2018年期间在5米和10米高度拍摄的3013个10分钟风速记录，由便携式气象站收集，作为佛罗里达海岸监测计划（FCMP）的一部分。ML模型的输入特征仅限于纵向风速统计，而模型输出包括归一化摩擦速度和垂直湍流强度预测。采用鲁棒嵌套蒙特卡罗交叉验证技术提取不确定性度量并评估整体ML性能。基于ml的对未见FCMP数据子集的预测与现场观测非常吻合，特别是对10米的测量。然而，垂直湍流强度预测的ML性能指标始终优于摩擦速度估计，并且在极端风速记录（45米/秒）中发现了更好的ML精度。这项工作的发现可以应用于从有限（或不完整）的风速记录中推断出ASL中tc诱导的垂直湍流通量的统计数据。

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引用次数: 0

Scaling laws for aerodynamic loads and acoustics of wall-mounted plates at different deflection angles 不同偏转角度下壁挂板气动载荷和声学的标度规律

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106246

Owen Parnis, David Angland

Inclined flat plates mounted on horizontal surfaces have applications in the aerospace, renewable energy and automotive sectors. While previous studies have examined how aspect ratio and proximity to a mounting surface affect aerodynamic loads on a plate, a systematic investigation of scaling laws for aerodynamic loads and acoustics is lacking. This paper establishes scaling relationships for the aerodynamic loads and the flow-induced noise generated by a wall-mounted flat plate inclined to the flow. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted using a Kevlar-walled test section, with a wall-mounted flat plate deflected between 10° and 90° across various Reynolds numbers. A correction method based on the bluff body blockage corrections of Maskell and calibrated using open test section wind tunnel data is presented in this work to account for solid and wake blockage effects in the Kevlar test section experiments. For aerodynamic loads, the normalized normal force coefficient collapses when scaled with projected frontal area, converging to a fixed value of the drag coefficient at 90°. This provides a simple predictive methodology for the aerodynamic loads with maximum errors of

Δ C_{D} = 0.073

and

Δ C_{L} = 0.081

. The scaling law presented in this work is unique for wall-mounted flat plates and differs for flat plates in freestream. Aeroacoustic analysis reveals broadband noise without coherent vortex shedding. The noise scales approximately, but not perfectly, with the sixth power of velocity. The slight variations in the value of the velocity exponent at different deflection angles highlight that it does not simply scale as a compact dipole but other effects are present, including non-compactness and edge scattering effects. The acoustic scaling with projected area exhibits different behaviour at low and high deflection angles. At low deflection angles, the plate is partially immersed in the boundary layer, reducing the acoustic intensity variation with deflection angle. At higher deflection angles (

> 30 °

), the acoustic intensity scaled with the projected area to a power of 1.2 again indicating additional sources besides the scaling of pure compact dipole sources.

安装在水平表面上的倾斜平板在航空航天、可再生能源和汽车领域都有应用。虽然以前的研究已经研究了纵横比和与安装表面的接近程度如何影响板上的气动载荷，但缺乏对气动载荷和声学的标度规律的系统研究。本文建立了斜向流动的壁挂式平板所产生的气动载荷与流致噪声的标度关系。风洞实验采用了一个以凯夫拉为壁的试验段，在不同雷诺数下，壁挂式平板的偏转在10°到90°之间。本文提出了一种基于Maskell钝体堵塞修正的修正方法，并利用开放试验段风洞数据进行校准，以解释凯夫拉试验段实验中的固体和尾流堵塞效应。对于气动载荷，标准化的法向力系数随着投射额面积的缩放而崩溃，在90°处收敛为阻力系数的固定值。这为气动载荷提供了一种简单的预测方法，最大误差分别为ΔCD=0.073和ΔCL=0.081。在这项工作中提出的缩放规律是独特的壁挂式平板和不同的平板在自由流。气动声学分析显示宽带噪声无相干涡脱落。噪声的尺度近似于速度的六次方，但并不完美。在不同偏转角度下，速度指数值的微小变化突出表明，它不是简单地作为紧致偶极子缩放，而是存在其他效应，包括非紧致性和边缘散射效应。带投影面积的声标度在低、高偏转角下表现出不同的特性。在低偏转角度下，平板部分浸入边界层，减小了声强随偏转角度的变化。在更高的偏转角（>30°）下，声强与投影面积的比例再次达到1.2，这表明除了纯致密偶极子源的比例外，还有其他源。

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引用次数: 0

Critical flutter wind velocity of flexible photovoltaic support structure with large tilt angle based on sectional forced and free vibration wind tunnel tests 基于截面强迫和自由振动风洞试验的大倾角柔性光伏支撑结构临界颤振风速

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106255

Yifan Gao , Shouying Li , Jie Ma , Zhengqing Chen

Flexible photovoltaic (PV) support structures, which have a plate-like cross-section similar to that of bridge decks, have been gradually built due to their economic benefits and excellent adaptability to complex terrains. However, these structures are sensitive to wind loadings, and flutter vibrations of flexible PV support structures have been observed under strong winds. Based on the theory of flutter derivatives successfully used in the field of bridge engineering, the critical flutter wind velocities of the flexible PV support structures were carefully investigated under various module tilt angles through wind tunnel tests. First, forced vibration tests were conducted on a PV module sectional model with a width-to-thickness ratio of 42 at various module tilt angles and incoming wind velocities. The flutter derivatives were identified and compared under the module tilt angles ranging from −30° to 30°. The results show that the tilt angles have significant effects on the flutter derivatives even under a large tilt angle. The eight flutter derivatives exhibit essential changes within the range of tilt angles from 15° to 21°. By using the identified flutter derivatives, critical flutter wind velocities of the flexible PV support structure were theoretically predicted. Second, a series of free vibration tests were conducted on the PV module model at various tilt angles to measure the exact critical flutter wind velocities of the flexible PV support structure. The experimental results indicate that the critical flutter wind velocities initially decrease and then increase as the tilt angle increases. Finally, the critical flutter wind velocities and frequencies obtained from forced and free vibration tests were compared, and they agree well with each other. This indicates that the flutter derivatives theory used in the field of bridge decks can be adopted to predict the critical flutter wind velocities of the flexible PV support structures, which have tilt angles within 30°.

柔性光伏支撑结构具有与桥面类似的板状截面，由于其经济效益和对复杂地形的良好适应性而逐渐被建造。然而，这些结构对风荷载非常敏感，在强风作用下柔性PV支撑结构存在颤振现象。基于已成功应用于桥梁工程领域的颤振导数理论，通过风洞试验研究了柔性PV支撑结构在不同模组倾斜角度下的临界颤振风速。首先，对宽厚比为42的PV组件截面模型进行了不同组件倾角和来风风速下的强迫振动试验。在模组倾角为- 30°~ 30°范围内，对模组的颤振导数进行了辨识和比较。结果表明，即使在较大的倾斜角度下，倾斜角度对颤振导数也有显著的影响。在15°到21°的倾角范围内，8个颤振导数表现出本质的变化。利用识别出的颤振导数，对柔性PV支撑结构的临界颤振风速进行了理论预测。其次，对PV组件模型进行了一系列不同倾角下的自由振动试验，精确测量了柔性PV支撑结构的临界颤振风速。实验结果表明，随着倾角的增大，临界颤振风速先减小后增大。最后，对受迫和自由振动试验得到的临界颤振风速和频率进行了比较，两者吻合较好。这表明，可采用桥面颤振导数理论预测倾角在30°以内的柔性PV支撑结构的临界颤振风速。

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引用次数: 0

Wind-blown sand behavior over a barchan dune and its implications for dune migration using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) 新月形沙丘上的风沙行为及其对沙丘迁移的计算流体力学意义

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106243

Qi Zong , Xiaoxu Wu

Barchan dunes evolve in aeolian environments through intricate interactions among airflow dynamics, particle transport, and surface topography. We conducted full-scale three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, coupling a discrete phase model with a splash scheme, to analyze wind-blown sand flow over a realistically shaped barchan dune. Our simulations, validated against field measurements, assessed how wind velocity and particle size affect sand transport and dune migration. The findings reveal four primary sand transport characteristics. First, sand transport rate along the centerline is amplified on the stoss slope, reversed on the lee slope due to flow separation, and further enhanced by intermittent turbulence. Second, vortex shedding from a stoss slope protrusion induces downstream intermittent sand transport, explaining previously unquantified sand transport. Third, although sand transport rate ratio (the centerline to undisturbed upstream) remains unchanged across wind velocities, finer particles exhibit higher particle counts at the crest and downstream because of their greater susceptibility to entrainment. Finally, an asymmetric migration pattern is identified, as localized topographic effects and turbulent structures enhance sand transport from the right horn. These findings advance the understanding of airflow‒sediment interactions over barchan dunes and provide new insights into sand transport mechanisms and dune migration dynamics.

Barchan沙丘在风成环境中通过气流动力学、颗粒输运和表面地形复杂的相互作用而演化。我们进行了全尺寸的三维（3-D）计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟，将离散相模型与飞溅方案相结合，以分析风吹沙在真实形状的新月形沙丘上的流动。我们的模拟，通过实地测量验证，评估了风速和粒径如何影响沙粒运输和沙丘迁移。研究结果揭示了四种主要输沙特征。首先，沿中心线输沙速率在正坡上被放大，在背坡上由于水流分离而被逆转，并被间歇湍流进一步增强。其次，应力斜坡突出引起的涡旋脱落导致下游间歇性输沙，解释了以前无法量化的输沙。第三，尽管输沙率比（中心线与未受干扰的上游）在不同风速下保持不变，但细颗粒在顶部和下游表现出更高的颗粒数，因为它们更容易被夹带。最后，发现了一种不对称的运移模式，局部地形效应和湍流结构增强了沙粒从右角的输运。这些发现促进了对barchan沙丘上气流-沉积物相互作用的理解，并为沙丘输沙机制和沙丘迁移动力学提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation on aerodynamic characteristics of bluff box girder-train system by wind tunnel testing 钝面箱梁-列车系统气动特性风洞试验研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106253

Yan Li , Lei Yan , Xuhui He

To support safety assessment of girder-train systems under crosswind and yaw wind conditions, a series of wind tunnel tests employing force and pressure measurements were conducted to investigate aerodynamic coefficients, and aerodynamic admittance functions (AAFs) of a bluff box girder and trains. The effects of barriers, train positions, wind attack and yaw angles, and turbulence were examined. Compared to the train on bridge without barriers, the pressure distribution of train on bridge with barriers differs mainly on the windward surface of train. The side force coefficient of train on the windward track varies with wind yaw angle following a sine-based power function, but no unified model applied to other force coefficients. The bridge's lift AAF with train on the windward track is higher than that on the leeward track, and the train's lift AAF on the windward track is greater than that on the leeward track. AAFs of train and bridge are affected by the turbulence intensities and integral scales of the incoming turbulent flow field. Wind attack and yaw angles have a greater impact on AAFs of trains on bridges without barriers than those with barriers.

为了支持侧风和偏航风条件下梁-列车系统的安全性评估，进行了一系列采用力和压力测量的风洞试验，研究了钝型箱梁和列车的气动系数和气动导纳函数（aaf）。考察了障碍物、列车位置、风攻和偏航角以及湍流的影响。与无护栏桥上列车相比，有护栏桥上列车的压力分布主要在列车迎风面上存在差异。列车在迎风轨道上的侧力系数随风偏航角呈正弦幂函数变化，其他侧力系数没有统一的模型。列车在迎风轨道上的升力AAF高于背风轨道，列车在迎风轨道上的升力AAF大于在背风轨道上的升力AAF。列车和桥梁的aaf受到湍流强度和来流场积分尺度的影响。风攻角和偏航角对列车在无护栏桥上的aaf的影响大于有护栏桥上的aaf。

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引用次数: 0

Fragility analysis of long-span bridges under wind hazard 风害作用下大跨度桥梁易损性分析

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106252

Zubair Zahoor Banday , Aksel Fenerci , Torodd Skjerve Nord , Ole Andre Øiseth

This study focuses on efficiently computing buffeting fragility surfaces for long-span bridges while considering the uncertainty of the wind and turbulence fields. These fragility functions are then used for vulnerability assessment by estimating the exceedance probability of pre-set structural performance thresholds. These thresholds include deck acceleration for comfort and peak deck displacements for potential structural damage. This work explores how treating turbulence parameters as intensity measures impacts the probability of exceeding these performance indicators, leading to site-specific fragility curves. A case study on Norway’s longest suspension bridge is presented, employing a joint probabilistic model of turbulence characteristics. A significant increase in failure probabilities is observed across all evaluated performance thresholds when the uncertainty in turbulence characteristics is accounted for. To address the computational challenges of constructing multi-dimensional fragility surfaces, this study introduces an algorithm that employs surrogate modelling through iterative sampling within a Bayesian regression framework, which utilises less than 1% of the computational resources in comparison to the full-order model.

本文主要研究在考虑风场和湍流场不确定性的情况下，如何有效地计算大跨度桥梁的抖振脆弱面。然后，通过估计预先设定的结构性能阈值的超出概率，将这些脆弱性函数用于脆弱性评估。这些阈值包括用于舒适性的甲板加速度和用于潜在结构损坏的甲板峰值位移。本研究探讨了将湍流参数作为强度度量如何影响超过这些性能指标的概率，从而导致特定地点的脆弱性曲线。本文以挪威最长的悬索桥为例，采用了湍流特性的联合概率模型。当考虑到湍流特性的不确定性时，在所有评估的性能阈值中都观察到故障概率的显著增加。为了解决构建多维脆弱性曲面的计算挑战，本研究引入了一种算法，该算法通过贝叶斯回归框架内的迭代抽样采用代理建模，与全阶模型相比，该算法使用的计算资源不到1%。

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引用次数: 0

On performance-based wind design of tall buildings 论高层建筑的性能风设计

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106248

Ahmad Rahimian , Konstantin Udilovich , Ilya Shleykov , Derek Kelly , Jason Garber

引用次数: 0

Investigation on vortex-induced vibrations of dual parallel suspenders with different diameters: An enhanced response phenomenon 不同直径双平行悬架涡激振动研究：一种增强响应现象

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106250

Tianyi Lang, Hao Wang, Hui Gao, Tianyou Tao, Zidong Xu, Weijie Gao

A suspender design with differing diameters was investigated during the conceptual phase. To evaluate the feasibility of this configuration, wind tunnel tests were conducted on a section model of the suspenders. An enhanced vortex-induced vibration (VIV) response was observed in the downstream suspender, which had a larger diameter than the upstream suspender. The vibration response, motion trajectories, and frequency spectrum of the suspenders were first investigated. Furthermore, aerodynamic damping ratios, surface wind pressures, and vortex evolution were analyzed to explore the mechanisms behind the response enhancement phenomenon. Results show that aerodynamic interference from the upstream suspender amplified the downstream response, reaching a maximum magnitude 2.2 times that of a single suspender. The aerodynamic negative damping effect is evident during the VIVs of the suspenders. Enhanced VIV response in the downstream suspender is associated with the dominance of cross-wind pressure modes, which account for 69 % of the total energy. Simultaneously, the newly formed downstream vortices with negative pressure merge with the vortices reaching from upstream, synergistically increasing the resultant cross-wind force. Findings suggest that the VIV response of the suspender can be enhanced at a specific spacing, indicating that using suspenders of different diameters should be approached with caution or avoided.

在概念阶段，研究了不同直径的悬架设计。为了评估这种结构的可行性，对吊杆的截面模型进行了风洞试验。在直径大于上游悬架的下游悬架中观察到增强的涡激振动（VIV）响应。首先对悬架的振动响应、运动轨迹和频谱进行了研究。此外，还分析了气动阻尼比、地面风压和涡的演变，以探讨响应增强现象背后的机制。结果表明，来自上游悬架的气动干扰放大了下游响应，最大振幅是单个悬架的2.2倍。悬架在涡激振动过程中存在明显的气动负阻尼效应。下游悬架的涡激振动响应增强与占总能量69%的横向风压模式的主导地位有关。同时，新形成的下游负压涡旋与上游到达的涡旋合并，协同增加了合成的侧风力。研究结果表明，在一定的间距下，悬架的涡激振动响应可以增强，这表明应谨慎对待或避免使用不同直径的悬架。

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引用次数: 0

The peak factor of dynamic wind loads on double-span conductors: insights from aeroelastic model tests 双跨导线动风荷载峰值因子：来自气动弹性模型试验的见解

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106251

Ya'nan Tang , Jian Yang , Zhongdong Duan , Jinping Ou , Feng Xu

Dynamic wind loads on transmission line conductors are critical for designing power transmission systems subjected to strong winds. In practice, quasi-static theory is applied to compute these dynamic loads, using a peak factor defined as the ratio of mean extreme response to response standard deviation. This factor quantifies the maximum structural responses caused by dynamic wind forces. Current engineering standards typically derive the peak factor for conductors from the Gaussian assumption, a premise that lacks rigorous validation, and its prescribed value varies significantly across wind load codes and standards. To address this gap, this paper develops an aeroelastic model of double-span, single-column conductors and conducts wind tunnel tests to assess the validity of existing assumptions and determine the peak factor under strong wind conditions. Furthermore, experiments on double-span, multi-column conductors are performed to examine the influence of aerodynamic shading and asynchronous pulsations between adjacent conductors on both the peak factor and wind load distribution. Findings provide experimental validation of Gaussian-based peak factor derivation for dynamic wind loads on conductors, yielding a measured peak factor of approximately 3.6. While interaction effects between conductors have negligible impacts on the peak factor and mean wind loads, they significantly reduce dynamic wind loads.

输电线路导线上的动态风荷载对于设计强风作用下的输电系统至关重要。在实际应用中，准静态理论被应用于计算这些动态载荷，使用峰值因子定义为平均极端响应与响应标准差的比值。该系数量化了由动态风力引起的最大结构响应。目前的工程标准通常从高斯假设中得出导线的峰值系数，这是一个缺乏严格验证的前提，其规定的值在不同的风荷载规范和标准中变化很大。为了解决这一差距，本文开发了双跨单柱导体的气动弹性模型，并进行了风洞试验，以评估现有假设的有效性，并确定强风条件下的峰值因子。此外，还对双跨、多柱导线进行了试验，研究了相邻导线间的气动遮阳和异步脉动对峰值因子和风荷载分布的影响。研究结果为导体上动态风荷载的基于高斯的峰值因子推导提供了实验验证，得到了约3.6的实测峰值因子。导线间的相互作用对峰值因子和平均风荷载的影响可以忽略不计，但对动风荷载有显著的降低作用。

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引用次数: 0

A simple method for predicting the distribution and magnitude of the pressure peaks in the tunnel induced by the passing train 一种预测行车引起的隧道压力峰分布和大小的简单方法

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106244

Xiaoyu Ji , Xuhui He , Haiquan Jing

When a high-speed train passes through a tunnel, significant transient pressure is generated in the tunnel, which has an adverse effect on both the tunnel and train structures. In this study, a simple method was proposed to predict the pressure peaks in a tunnel. This method is based on the train wave signature (TWS) method, which has been proposed by previous scholars. The theoretical formulas were established to calculate the location and magnitude of both positive and negative peaks in a tunnel during train passage and after the train tail has exited. This simple method significantly reduces computational resources while maintaining prediction accuracy. Additionally, theoretical formulas were established to determine the most unfavorable tunnel length based on the pressure peaks along the tunnel wall. The accuracy of all the theoretical results was validated through three-dimensional numerical simulations and previous similar studies.

高速列车通过隧道时，隧道内会产生较大的瞬态压力，对隧道和列车结构都产生不利影响。本文提出了一种预测隧道压力峰值的简单方法。该方法是在前人提出的列车波特征（TWS）方法的基础上提出的。建立了列车通行过程中和列车尾部退出后隧道内正负峰的位置和大小的理论计算公式。这种简单的方法在保持预测精度的同时显著减少了计算资源。建立了基于沿壁压力峰值确定最不利隧道长度的理论公式。通过三维数值模拟和前人的类似研究，验证了理论结果的准确性。

引用次数: 0