Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery最新文献

Background: Although several different design methods have been proposed, limited research is available regarding how design features impact accuracy and performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of implant site location between two different drilling systems for static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) in vitro study, each featuring a unique drill stabilization configuration.

Materials and methods: Sixty models were fabricated simulating a patient with maxillary partial tooth missing. Each model included two single-tooth gap (STG) situations; two extraction socket sites; and a distal extension situation. Experimental models were categorized into two distinct groups, group A: a sleeve-in-sleeve system with a metal sleeve embedded in the surgical guide; group B: an integrated sleeve-on-drill system without a metal sleeve. The deviations in shoulder, tip, depth, and angular were measured. Date were analyzed using the Scheirer-Ray-Hare test (P ≤ 0.05).

Results: The deviation of shoulder, tip and angular in group B were significantly lower than group A. When using an integrated sleeve-on-drill system, the remaining deviation values in extraction sockets were significantly higher than those in the STG situation and the distal extension situation, with the exception of depth deviation. However, there is no significant difference between STG situation and distal extension situation.

Conclusion: In comparison to the sleeve-in-sleeve system with a metal sleeve in the surgical guide, the accuracy of an integrated sleeve-on-drill system without a metal sleeve was higher. The accuracy of implantation in extracted sockets was significantly lower than that in healing sites.

Background: With the increasing demand for rhinoplasty procedures, evaluating outcomes becomes crucial for improving surgical procedures. Nevertheless, there is a limited number of extensive studies exclusively dedicated to closed rhinoseptoplasty (RSP), emphasizing the evaluation of both aesthetic and functional dimensions. This study aims to assess the aesthetic and functional effectiveness of exclusively closed primary RSP procedures and to identify subgroups at risk of less favorable outcomes, providing valuable insights for preoperative planning. The study incorporates the widely used Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation (NOSE) and Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) scores, making it the most comprehensive research to date in terms of sample size and subgroup analysis for closed approaches.

Methods: A total of 189 closed RSPs performed between January 2019 and June 2023 were prospectively evaluated. Follow-ups at 2, 6, and 12 months enabled a comprehensive understanding of the postoperative evolution. Statistical analyses included non-parametric the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman coefficient, with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results: The study reveals significant improvements in both aesthetic (ROE) and functional (NOSE) scores postoperatively, emphasizing the positive impact of closed RSP. Subgroup analyses unveiled factors influencing functional and aesthetic outcomes, contributing to a refined understanding of closed RSP.

Conclusions: This study not only reaffirms the effectiveness of closed RSP but also offers valuable insights into various factors influencing outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of considering both aesthetic and functional aspects in rhinoplasty planning, contributing to the evolving landscape of surgical practices.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and clinical predictors for missed traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosis at primary evaluation in facial fracture patients. The specific aim was to compare the risk between adults and elderly patients.

Materials and methods: A retrospective study was performed, and data were collected from medical records. All adult facial fracture patients with associated TBI and a primary Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13 or more diagnosed and treated between 2013 and 2018 were included. The elderly group comprised patients aged at least 65 years at the time of injury.

Results: Altogether 253 patients with facial fracture and associated TBI were assessed. In 7.1% of the cases, the diagnosis of TBI was missed in primary evaluation and thus delayed. When the different age groups were compared, the elderly had a 2.8-fold risk of missed TBI diagnosis (95% CI 1.1-7.2, p=.0349).

Conclusions: Facial fracture patients are at significant risk of the diagnosis of associated TBI being missed at primary evaluation. Especially elderly patients with other than high-energy trauma mechanism, such as falling on ground level, are at risk of missed TBI diagnosis. Thus, patients with facial fracture should be carefully evaluated to exclude potential TBI. Assessment should occur in trauma centres where multiprofessional evaluation of these patients is routine.

Purpose and background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory oral disease affecting half of the adult population. Circular RNA plays a critical role in periodontitis. CircPVT1(has_circ_0085536) was abundant in periodontitis tissues and cells but its mechanism are still unclear. We aim to explore the role of circPVT1 in periodontitis and elucidate how circPVT1 acts.

Methods: Gingival tissues from patients with periodontitis(n=20) and health participants(n=20) were collected and the expression of circPVT1 was measured by realtime quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). Cell model for periodontitis was performed by PDLCs treated lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8), flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), ALP staining and Alizarin red staining were conducted to detect cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory and oxidative stress factors and osteogenic differentiation. The targeting microRNA(miRNA)/mRNA axis of circPVT1 was predicted and screened.

Results: circPVT1 was upregulated in the gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis. silencing of circPVT1 inhibited cell viability, decreased inflammatory factors(IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and oxidative stress factors, activated NRF-2 and HO-1 expression and promoted apoptosis and osteoclast differentiation in PDLCs after treated LPS. However, these effects were reversed by transfected miR-24-3p inhibitor and overexpressed of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha inhibitor(HIF1AN) in PDLCs.

Conclusion: circPVT1 promotes the progression of periodontitis by modulating NRF-2/HO-1 pathway via the miR-24-3p/HIF1AN axis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of automated supernumerary tooth (ST) detection systems on periapical radiographs using Faster R-CNN and YOLOv8 with detection by 8 dental residents.

Methods: This was a diagnostic accuracy study of 469 periapical radiographs (419 training vs. 50 test datasets). The primary predictor variables were detectors (dental residents/Faster R-CNN/YOLOv8). The main outcome variables included the diagnostic performance of the model's using precision, recall and intersection over union (IoU). Appropriate statistics were calculated.

Results: In the test dataset, the precision of Faster R-CNN and YOLOv8 was 0.95 and 0.99, and their average precision was 0.90 and 0.97, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the two models in these metrics, with YOLOv8 outperforming Faster R-CNN in both precision and average precision (P<0.05). Both AI systems outperformed human subjects.

Conclusions: Based on our findings, both YOLOv8 and Faster R-CNN are highly effective in the automated detection of ST in periapical radiographs and could, for example, assist humans in resource-limited situations.

A refined navigated implant workflow for the edentulous patients is introduced utilizing a patient-customized tracking module. This technique initiates with the placement of an incisor implant to anchor the tracking module, enabling real-time tracing of the edentulous arch while eliminating the need for additional insertions. This approach optimizes surgical procedures, reduces trauma, and mitigates the risk of potential implant placement site occupation.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of autotransplantation of complex impacted teeth by CAD/CAM digital navigation technology. An 11-year-old girl with complex impacted second premolars bilaterally in the maxilla was selected. CAD/CAM digital dynamic navigation was utilized to ensure the precision and success of the procedure. A comprehensive accuracy analysis was conducted to compare the preoperative digital simulation design with the postoperative positions of the transplanted teeth. The transplanted teeth functioned well after 1 year of follow-up. Postoperative CBCT clinical data, combined with Mimics 21.0 and 3-Matic 13.0 software, revealed that the depth and buccolingual deviations of the bilateral autotransplantation were within 2.0 millimeters, with a mesiodistal deviation of approximately 1.0 millimeter. This case demonstrates the high efficiency, precision, and stabilization provided by digital navigation technology, highlighting its potential as a viable option for the treatment of complex impacted teeth.

Background: Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death, which is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and involved in various inflammatory diseases. This study aims to identify ferroptosis-related genes associated with periodontitis and further validate their relevance through in vitro experiments.

Methods: Iron accumulation and localization were detected using Prussian blue staining. Differentially expressed genes in periodontitis were identified from GSE16134 and GSE10334, and intersected with ferroptosis genes to obtain differentially expressed ferroptosis genes (FerDEGs). Functional enrichment analyses of FerDEGs were performed by GO and KEGG. Hub genes were screened through PPI network analysis. The expression of these hub genes in gingival tissues and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) with/without ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) detected by qRT-PCR and Western Blot.

Results: Ferroptosis was observed in gingival tissues affected by periodontitis. A total of 24 FerDEGs involved in periodontitis were identified. GO analysis and KEGG analysis highlighted the intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and ferroptosis as the top enriched pathways. PPI network analysis identified five hub genes. The mRNA expression levels of hub genes were significantly higher in inflammatory gingival tissues and HGFs stimulated with LPS (P < 0.05). The upregulated expression of PTGS2 and IL6 in HGFs were reversed by Fer-1 (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study highlights five ferroptosis-related genes as potential targets for future research into the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by dysregulation of multiple cell signaling pathways, including the necroptotic pathway. Recently, the incidence of OSCC is increasing among the young population (below the age of 40 years). These patients exhibit differences in the pathobiological characteristics and treatment response compared to the older cohorts. There is a notable lack of research exploring the role of necroptotic proteins in younger OSCC patients.

Aim: To investigate the expression of Mixed Lineage Kinase domain Like Pseudokinase (MLKL), a key necroptotic protein, in young and old patients with OSCC.

Methodology: The study included sixty histopathologically confirmed cases of OSCC, categorized into two groups; Group I - 30 patients aged > 40 years and Group II - 30 patients aged ≤ 40 years. Each of these groups consisted of 10 cases each of well differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated OSCC. The samples were evaluated for the MLKL gene expression using Real time PCR and the results were analyzed using the 2-ΔΔCT method.

Results: The real-time PCR analysis showed a 31 % decrease in MLKL gene expression in the younger age group (Group II) compared to the older group. A decrease of 40 % in WDSCC, 67 % in MDSCC, and 38 % in PDSCC was observed in the younger group compared to the older age group.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest age-related differences in necroptotic cell death regulation through MLKL, with decreased MLKL expression observed in younger patients compared to older patients. Modulating necroptotic cell death pathways in OSCC can promote switching between different cell death pathways and provide effective therapeutic strategies.