首页 > 最新文献

Energy and climate change最新文献

英文 中文
Nexus between carbon emissions, economic growth, renewable energy use, urbanization, industrialization, technological innovation, and forest area towards achieving environmental sustainability in Bangladesh 孟加拉国实现环境可持续性的碳排放、经济增长、可再生能源利用、城市化、工业化、技术创新和森林面积之间的联系
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100080
Asif Raihan , Dewan Ahmed Muhtasim , Sadia Farhana , Monirul Islam Pavel , Omar Faruk , Mostafizur Rahman , Abir Mahmood

Global climate change, exacerbated by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, notably carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, offers enormous risks to the environment, development, and long-term sustainability. This study looks at how economic growth, renewable energy utilization, urbanization, industrialization, technological innovation, and forest area might help Bangladesh attain environmental sustainability by lowering CO2 emissions. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing strategy was used to test time series data from 1990 to 2019, followed by the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method. The empirical findings reveal that economic growth, urbanization, and industrialization increase CO2 emissions in Bangladesh while improving renewable energy use, technological innovation, and forest area assistance to achieve environmental sustainability by reducing CO2 emissions. In addition, the pairwise Granger causality test was utilized to capture the causal linkages between the variables. This article provides policy recommendations aimed at a low-carbon economy, promoting renewable energy use, sustainable urbanization, green industrialization, financing technological advancement, and sustainable forest management, to accomplish emission reduction and environmental sustainability in Bangladesh.

温室气体(GHG)排放,特别是二氧化碳(CO2)排放加剧了全球气候变化,给环境、发展和长期可持续性带来了巨大风险。本研究着眼于经济增长、可再生能源利用、城市化、工业化、技术创新和森林面积如何通过降低二氧化碳排放来帮助孟加拉国实现环境可持续性。采用自回归分布滞后(ARDL)界检验策略对1990 - 2019年的时间序列数据进行检验,然后采用动态普通最小二乘法(DOLS)方法。实证结果表明,经济增长、城市化和工业化增加了孟加拉国的二氧化碳排放量,同时改善了可再生能源利用、技术创新和森林面积援助,通过减少二氧化碳排放实现环境可持续性。此外,两两格兰杰因果检验被用来捕捉变量之间的因果关系。本文从低碳经济、促进可再生能源利用、可持续城市化、绿色工业化、技术进步融资和可持续森林管理等方面提出政策建议,以实现孟加拉国的减排和环境可持续性。
{"title":"Nexus between carbon emissions, economic growth, renewable energy use, urbanization, industrialization, technological innovation, and forest area towards achieving environmental sustainability in Bangladesh","authors":"Asif Raihan ,&nbsp;Dewan Ahmed Muhtasim ,&nbsp;Sadia Farhana ,&nbsp;Monirul Islam Pavel ,&nbsp;Omar Faruk ,&nbsp;Mostafizur Rahman ,&nbsp;Abir Mahmood","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global climate change, exacerbated by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, notably carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions, offers enormous risks to the environment, development, and long-term sustainability. This study looks at how economic growth, renewable energy utilization, urbanization, industrialization, technological innovation, and forest area might help Bangladesh attain environmental sustainability by lowering CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing strategy was used to test time series data from 1990 to 2019, followed by the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method. The empirical findings reveal that economic growth, urbanization, and industrialization increase CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in Bangladesh while improving renewable energy use, technological innovation, and forest area assistance to achieve environmental sustainability by reducing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In addition, the pairwise Granger causality test was utilized to capture the causal linkages between the variables. This article provides policy recommendations aimed at a low-carbon economy, promoting renewable energy use, sustainable urbanization, green industrialization, financing technological advancement, and sustainable forest management, to accomplish emission reduction and environmental sustainability in Bangladesh.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45255242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 99
Achieving the unprecedented: Modelling diffusion pathways for ambitious climate policy targets 实现前所未有:为雄心勃勃的气候政策目标建立扩散路径模型
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100073
Tomás Mac Uidhir , Brian Ó Gallachóir , John Curtis , Fionn Rogan

Ireland has some very bold targets, as part of a substantial overall greenhouse gas emissions reduction ambition. It is unclear however to what extent these targets are consistent with the pace at which new technologies can enter the market and become widely adopted. This paper grapples with this by combining well-respected and empirically validated estimates of technology diffusion together with energy models. Its purpose is to illuminate some of Ireland's challenges associated with meeting these targets. The results show Ireland's electric vehicle and residential retrofitting goals would require rates of technology diffusion that are well beyond the historical rates internationally of even the most successful transformations to date. This result calls Ireland's ambitions into question. Drawing on the theory of technology diffusion, the paper also provides insights into additional complementary policies that Ireland might consider in order to accelerate diffusion of key technologies. The paper demonstrates the means and the value of drawing on historical precedents to help determine the feasibility of future transition scenarios. It also points to how industry-standard diffusion theory can help to identify policy solutions to accelerate the energy transition.

爱尔兰有一些非常大胆的目标,作为总体温室气体减排雄心的一部分。然而,尚不清楚这些目标在多大程度上符合新技术进入市场并被广泛采用的速度。本文通过结合备受尊重和经验验证的技术扩散估计与能源模型来解决这个问题。其目的是阐明爱尔兰在实现这些目标方面面临的一些挑战。结果表明,爱尔兰的电动汽车和住宅改造目标需要的技术扩散速度远远超过国际上迄今为止最成功的转型的历史速度。这一结果使爱尔兰的雄心受到质疑。根据技术扩散理论,本文还提供了爱尔兰可能考虑的额外补充政策的见解,以加速关键技术的扩散。本文论证了借鉴历史先例的方法和价值,以帮助确定未来过渡情景的可行性。它还指出了工业标准扩散理论如何帮助确定加速能源转型的政策解决方案。
{"title":"Achieving the unprecedented: Modelling diffusion pathways for ambitious climate policy targets","authors":"Tomás Mac Uidhir ,&nbsp;Brian Ó Gallachóir ,&nbsp;John Curtis ,&nbsp;Fionn Rogan","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ireland has some very bold targets, as part of a substantial overall greenhouse gas emissions reduction ambition. It is unclear however to what extent these targets are consistent with the pace at which new technologies can enter the market and become widely adopted. This paper grapples with this by combining well-respected and empirically validated estimates of technology diffusion together with energy models. Its purpose is to illuminate some of Ireland's challenges associated with meeting these targets. The results show Ireland's electric vehicle and residential retrofitting goals would require rates of technology diffusion that are well beyond the historical rates internationally of even the most successful transformations to date. This result calls Ireland's ambitions into question. Drawing on the theory of technology diffusion, the paper also provides insights into additional complementary policies that Ireland might consider in order to accelerate diffusion of key technologies. The paper demonstrates the means and the value of drawing on historical precedents to help determine the feasibility of future transition scenarios. It also points to how industry-standard diffusion theory can help to identify policy solutions to accelerate the energy transition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666278722000034/pdfft?md5=1b6535b69557bb74ad3f1eb44fa004a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2666278722000034-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46682741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Hybrid energy system optimization model: Electrification of Ontario's residential space and water heating case study 混合能源系统优化模型:安大略省住宅空间电气化和水加热案例研究
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2021.100070
P. Sanongboon, T. Pettigrew

Energy systems are becoming more complex as new energy sources are introduced in support of clean energy goals. These hybrid energy systems can be configured for cogeneration to account for multiple energy uses, including not only electricity but also space heating, water heating, and industrial process heat. Variable renewable energy systems are increasingly being added to hybrid systems to mitigate climate change and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This often creates additional challenges to meet energy demands due to variability associated with renewable generation. In support of energy planning for the new clean economy, the Hybrid Energy System Optimization (HESO) model has been developed to study the feasibility and benefits of nuclear-renewable hybrid energy systems. The model is formulated, as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) algorithm, to determine the best energy mix by minimizing annual cost. Because electrification will play a significant role in realizing a clean economy, this study explores the potential economic viability of electrification of residential water and space heating in Ontario. Different energy scenarios have been analyzed to understand the challenges associated with electrification and determine which energy sources will significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while also maintaining competitive energy costs. The results show that electrification of residential water heating can be a viable alternative to natural gas heaters; reducing GHG emissions and energy cost. However, electrification of residential space heating is more challenging due to the large seasonal temperature variations that create significant energy demand fluctuations. Additional nuclear and wind generating capacity, as well as storage systems, are all important elements to support Ontario's transition to a low carbon economy through electrification.

随着支持清洁能源目标的新能源的引入,能源系统正变得越来越复杂。这些混合能源系统可以配置为热电联产,以考虑多种能源用途,不仅包括电力,还包括空间加热,水加热和工业过程热。可变的可再生能源系统越来越多地被添加到混合动力系统中,以缓解气候变化和减少温室气体(GHG)排放。由于与可再生能源发电相关的可变性,这通常会给满足能源需求带来额外的挑战。为了支持新清洁经济的能源规划,建立了混合能源系统优化(HESO)模型,研究了核可再生混合能源系统的可行性和效益。该模型采用混合整数线性规划(MILP)算法,以最小化年成本来确定最佳的能源组合。由于电气化将在实现清洁经济中发挥重要作用,本研究探讨了安大略省住宅用水和供暖电气化的潜在经济可行性。我们分析了不同的能源方案,以了解电气化带来的挑战,并确定哪些能源将显著减少温室气体排放,同时保持有竞争力的能源成本。结果表明,住宅热水电气化是替代天然气取暖器的可行选择;减少温室气体排放和能源成本。然而,住宅空间供暖的电气化更具挑战性,因为季节性的温度变化会产生显著的能源需求波动。额外的核能和风能发电能力,以及储能系统,都是支持安大略省通过电气化向低碳经济过渡的重要因素。
{"title":"Hybrid energy system optimization model: Electrification of Ontario's residential space and water heating case study","authors":"P. Sanongboon,&nbsp;T. Pettigrew","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2021.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2021.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Energy systems are becoming more complex as new energy sources are introduced in support of clean energy goals. These </span>hybrid energy systems<span> can be configured for cogeneration to account for multiple energy uses, including not only electricity but also space heating, water heating, and </span></span>industrial process heat<span><span>. Variable renewable energy systems are increasingly being added to hybrid systems to mitigate climate change and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This often creates additional challenges to meet energy demands due to variability associated with </span>renewable generation<span>. In support of energy planning for the new clean economy, the Hybrid Energy System Optimization (HESO) model has been developed to study the feasibility and benefits of nuclear-renewable hybrid energy systems. The model is formulated, as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) algorithm, to determine the best energy mix by minimizing annual cost. Because electrification will play a significant role in realizing a clean economy, this study explores the potential economic viability of electrification of residential water and space heating in Ontario. Different energy scenarios have been analyzed to understand the challenges associated with electrification and determine which energy sources will significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions<span>, while also maintaining competitive energy costs. The results show that electrification of residential water heating can be a viable alternative to natural gas heaters; reducing GHG emissions and energy cost. However, electrification of residential space heating is more challenging due to the large seasonal temperature variations that create significant energy demand fluctuations. Additional nuclear and wind generating capacity, as well as storage systems, are all important elements to support Ontario's transition to a low carbon economy through electrification.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42788356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Regulatory institutional reform of the power sector in China 中国电力行业监管体制改革
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100082
Jun Xu , Xuelu Cao

In 2002, China established the State Electricity Regulatory Commission as part of the nation's electricity reform plan. However, this agency existed for only a decade, after which it was incorporated into the National Energy Administration (NEA), a governmental department. Why did the independent regulatory model not survive in China? This paper introduces the historical background of regulatory institutional change in China and evaluates current regulatory governance against the standard of agency independence. The findings indicate that the NEA can hardly be regarded as independent from the government and stakeholders. Subsequently, the paper explains the reason that independent regulatory institutions are not applicable in China from the perspective of institutional supply and demand. From the demand side, as the macroeconomic controller, the National Development and Reform Commission can deliver superior policy output compared to an independent regulator. In addition, public ownership makes it unnecessary for the government to create an independent regulator as a credible commitment mechanism. From the supply side, the traditional administrative arrangement and lack of regulatory economics knowledge contribute to an undersupply of independent regulation.

2002年,作为国家电力改革计划的一部分,中国成立了国家电力监管委员会。然而,这个机构只存在了10年,之后就被并入了国家能源局,成为一个政府部门。为什么独立监管模式不能在中国生存?本文介绍了中国监管制度变迁的历史背景,并以机构独立性为标准对当前的监管治理进行了评价。调查结果表明,NEA很难被视为独立于政府和利益相关者之外的机构。随后,本文从制度供给和制度需求的角度解释了独立监管机构在中国不适用的原因。从需求端来看,作为宏观经济控制者,国家发改委(ndrc)可以提供优于独立监管机构的政策产出。此外,公有制使得政府没有必要创建一个独立的监管机构作为可信的承诺机制。从供给侧看,传统的行政安排和监管经济学知识的缺乏导致了独立监管的供给不足。
{"title":"Regulatory institutional reform of the power sector in China","authors":"Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Xuelu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2002, China established the State Electricity Regulatory Commission as part of the nation's electricity reform plan. However, this agency existed for only a decade, after which it was incorporated into the National Energy Administration (NEA), a governmental department. Why did the independent regulatory model not survive in China? This paper introduces the historical background of regulatory institutional change in China and evaluates current regulatory governance against the standard of agency independence. The findings indicate that the NEA can hardly be regarded as independent from the government and stakeholders. Subsequently, the paper explains the reason that independent regulatory institutions are not applicable in China from the perspective of institutional supply and demand. From the demand side, as the macroeconomic controller, the National Development and Reform Commission can deliver superior policy output compared to an independent regulator. In addition, public ownership makes it unnecessary for the government to create an independent regulator as a credible commitment mechanism. From the supply side, the traditional administrative arrangement and lack of regulatory economics knowledge contribute to an undersupply of independent regulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46272692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Techno-economic feasibility of retired electric-vehicle batteries repurpose/reuse in second-life applications: A systematic review 退役电动汽车电池在二次使用中重新利用的技术经济可行性:系统综述
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100086
Mohammed Khalifa Al-Alawi, James Cugley, Hany Hassanin

In line with the global target in decarbonising the transportation sector and the noticeable increase of new electric vehicles (EV) owners, concerns are raised regarding the expected quantity of Retired EV Batteries (REVB) exposed to the environment when they reach 70–80% of their original capacity. However, there is significant potential for REVB, after deinstallation, to deliver energy for alternative applications such as storing surplus. This systematic review evaluates state-of-art modelling/experimental studies focused on repurposing REVB in second-life applications. Technical and economic viability of REVB repurposing has been confirmed to solve the unreliability of cleaner energy technologies and mitigate the high investment of new storage systems. 40% of included studies considered hybrid systems with PV being a dominant technology where REVB was evaluated to be small-scaled and large storage systems. Additionally, successful attempts were conducted to evaluate REVB performance in providing grid services. It has however, been discovered intensive grid services applications like frequency regulation, was technically challenging due to demanding working requirements. Reviewed studies considered different prices for REVB due to lack of market regulation on REVB resale; similarly, technical parameters, including initial State of Health (SoH) and State of Charge (SoC) constraints were inconsistent due to lack of standardisation.

随着交通运输行业脱碳的全球目标和新电动汽车(EV)车主的显著增加,人们对退役电动汽车电池(REVB)达到其原始容量70-80%时暴露在环境中的预期数量表示担忧。然而,在拆卸后,REVB有很大的潜力为其他应用提供能源,如储存剩余能源。本系统综述评估了专注于在第二生命应用中重新利用REVB的最新建模/实验研究。在技术上和经济上,REVB重新利用的可行性已经得到证实,可以解决清洁能源技术的不可靠性,并减轻新存储系统的高投资。40%的纳入研究认为以光伏为主导技术的混合系统,其中REVB被评估为小型和大型存储系统。此外,对REVB在提供网格服务方面的性能进行了成功的评估。然而,人们发现,由于工作要求苛刻,频率调节等密集电网服务应用在技术上具有挑战性。经过审查的研究认为,由于缺乏对REVB转售的市场监管,REVB的价格不同;同样,由于缺乏标准化,包括初始健康状态(SoH)和充电状态(SoC)限制在内的技术参数也不一致。
{"title":"Techno-economic feasibility of retired electric-vehicle batteries repurpose/reuse in second-life applications: A systematic review","authors":"Mohammed Khalifa Al-Alawi,&nbsp;James Cugley,&nbsp;Hany Hassanin","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In line with the global target in decarbonising the transportation sector and the noticeable increase of new electric vehicles (EV) owners, concerns are raised regarding the expected quantity of Retired EV Batteries (REVB) exposed to the environment when they reach 70–80% of their original capacity. However, there is significant potential for REVB, after deinstallation, to deliver energy for alternative applications such as storing surplus. This systematic review evaluates state-of-art modelling/experimental studies focused on repurposing REVB in second-life applications. Technical and economic viability of REVB repurposing has been confirmed to solve the unreliability of cleaner energy technologies and mitigate the high investment of new storage systems. 40% of included studies considered hybrid systems with PV being a dominant technology where REVB was evaluated to be small-scaled and large storage systems. Additionally, successful attempts were conducted to evaluate REVB performance in providing grid services. It has however, been discovered intensive grid services applications like frequency regulation, was technically challenging due to demanding working requirements. Reviewed studies considered different prices for REVB due to lack of market regulation on REVB resale; similarly, technical parameters, including initial State of Health (SoH) and State of Charge (SoC) constraints were inconsistent due to lack of standardisation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666278722000162/pdfft?md5=f238750c0000d878f8eddf701659ece1&pid=1-s2.0-S2666278722000162-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44877485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Policy spillovers, technological lock-in, and efficiency gains from regional pollution taxes in the U.S. 美国区域污染税带来的政策溢出、技术锁定和效率提升
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100077
Michael Buchdahl Roth , Peter J Adams , Paulina Jaramillo , Nicholas Z Muller

We used the US-TIMES energy-system model in conjunction with integrated assessment models for air pollution (AP3, EASIUR, InMAP) to estimate the consequences of local air pollutant (LAP) and carbon dioxide (CO2) policy on technology-choice, energy-system costs, emissions, and pollution damages in the United States. We report substantial policy spillover: Both LAP and CO2 taxes cause similar levels of decarbonization. Under LAP taxes, decarbonization was a result of an increase in natural gas generation and a near-complete phaseout of coal generation in the electric sector. Under a CO2 tax, the majority of simulated decarbonization was a result of increased electric generation from wind and solar. We also found that the timing of the CO2 and LAP taxes was important. When we simulated a LAP tax beginning in 2015 and waited until 2025 to introduce a CO2 tax, the electric sector was locked into higher levels of natural gas generation and cumulative 2010–2035 energy system CO2 emissions were 8.8 billion tons higher than when the taxes were implemented simultaneously. A scenario taxing CO2 and LAPs simultaneously beginning in 2015 produced the highest net benefits, as opposed to scenarios that target either CO2 or LAPs, or scenarios that delayed either LAP or CO2 taxes until 2025. Lastly, we found that net benefits compared to business as usual are higher under a regional versus a national LAP-tax regime, but that efficiency gains under the regional tax are not substantially higher than those under the national LAP-tax policy.

我们将US-TIMES能源系统模型与空气污染综合评估模型(AP3、EASIUR、InMAP)结合使用,以估计美国当地空气污染物(LAP)和二氧化碳(CO2)政策对技术选择、能源系统成本、排放和污染损害的影响。我们报告了实质性的政策溢出效应:LAP税和CO2税都会导致相似的脱碳水平。根据LAP税,脱碳是天然气发电增加和电力部门几乎完全淘汰煤炭发电的结果。在征收二氧化碳税的情况下,大部分模拟脱碳是风能和太阳能发电增加的结果。我们还发现,二氧化碳和LAP税的征收时间很重要。当我们从2015年开始模拟LAP税,直到2025年才引入二氧化碳税时,电力部门被锁定在更高水平的天然气发电中,2010-2035年能源系统的累计二氧化碳排放量比同时实施税收时高出88亿吨。从2015年开始同时对CO2和LAPs征税的方案产生了最高的净效益,而不是针对CO2或LAPs的方案,或者将LAP或CO2税推迟到2025年的方案。最后,我们发现,与正常经营相比,在地区税收制度下的净收益高于国家税收制度下的净收益,但在地区税收制度下的效率收益并不明显高于国家税收政策下的效率收益。
{"title":"Policy spillovers, technological lock-in, and efficiency gains from regional pollution taxes in the U.S.","authors":"Michael Buchdahl Roth ,&nbsp;Peter J Adams ,&nbsp;Paulina Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Nicholas Z Muller","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We used the US-TIMES energy-system model in conjunction with integrated assessment models for air pollution (AP3, EASIUR, InMAP) to estimate the consequences of local air pollutant (LAP) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) policy on technology-choice, energy-system costs, emissions, and pollution damages in the United States. We report substantial policy spillover: Both LAP and CO<sub>2</sub> taxes cause similar levels of decarbonization. Under LAP taxes, decarbonization was a result of an increase in natural gas generation and a near-complete phaseout of coal generation in the electric sector. Under a CO<sub>2</sub> tax, the majority of simulated decarbonization was a result of increased electric generation from wind and solar. We also found that the timing of the CO<sub>2</sub> and LAP taxes was important. When we simulated a LAP tax beginning in 2015 and waited until 2025 to introduce a CO<sub>2</sub> tax, the electric sector was locked into higher levels of natural gas generation and cumulative 2010–2035 energy system CO<sub>2</sub> emissions were 8.8 billion tons higher than when the taxes were implemented simultaneously. A scenario taxing CO<sub>2</sub> and LAPs simultaneously beginning in 2015 produced the highest net benefits, as opposed to scenarios that target either CO<sub>2</sub> or LAPs, or scenarios that delayed either LAP or CO<sub>2</sub> taxes until 2025. Lastly, we found that net benefits compared to business as usual are higher under a regional versus a national LAP-tax regime, but that efficiency gains under the regional tax are not substantially higher than those under the national LAP-tax policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43910839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regional Power Planning Robust to Multiple Models: Meeting Mexico's 2050 Climate Goals 多种模式下的区域电力规划:实现墨西哥2050年气候目标
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100076
Rodrigo Mercado Fernandez , Erin Baker , Julio Hernández Galicia

As countries set climate goals, they face questions on how these goals can be reached. Important studies have used a top-down approach, employing and comparing multiple Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) to identify possible development pathways. These studies, however, are at very coarse time-steps; and do not include information on the geographic distribution of resources or infrastructure. Moreover, the multi-model approach, while useful, leaves questions as to how policy-makers and planners can use the divergent results. Using Mexico as a case study, we employ a bottom-up model of the electric power system to identify critical geographic areas of investment for installed capacity and transmission that are robust across a set of IAM-derived climate mitigation pathways. We find that, despite a lack of robustness in the location of installed capacity investments, investment in transmission expansion is fairly robust across pathways, as it is driven largely by the location of load rather than of generation.

各国在设定气候目标时,面临着如何实现这些目标的问题。重要的研究使用了自上而下的方法,采用和比较多个综合评估模型(iam)来确定可能的发展途径。然而,这些研究的时间步骤非常粗糙;也不包括资源或基础设施的地理分布信息。此外,多模型方法虽然有用,但也留下了政策制定者和规划者如何利用不同结果的问题。以墨西哥为例,我们采用自下而上的电力系统模型来确定装机容量和输电的关键地理投资区域,这些区域在一系列基于iam的气候缓解途径中是稳健的。我们发现,尽管装机容量投资的位置缺乏稳健性,但输电扩张的投资在各路径上相当稳健,因为它主要是由负载位置而不是发电量驱动的。
{"title":"Regional Power Planning Robust to Multiple Models: Meeting Mexico's 2050 Climate Goals","authors":"Rodrigo Mercado Fernandez ,&nbsp;Erin Baker ,&nbsp;Julio Hernández Galicia","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As countries set climate goals, they face questions on how these goals can be reached. Important studies have used a top-down approach, employing and comparing multiple Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) to identify possible development pathways. These studies, however, are at very coarse time-steps; and do not include information on the geographic distribution of resources or infrastructure. Moreover, the multi-model approach, while useful, leaves questions as to how policy-makers and planners can use the divergent results. Using Mexico as a case study, we employ a bottom-up model of the electric power system to identify critical geographic areas of investment for installed capacity and transmission that are robust across a set of IAM-derived climate mitigation pathways. We find that, despite a lack of robustness in the location of installed capacity investments, investment in transmission expansion is fairly robust across pathways, as it is driven largely by the location of load rather than of generation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44567845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Win-win transportation strategies for India: Linking air pollution and climate mitigation 印度的双赢交通战略:将空气污染与减缓气候变化联系起来
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100072
Nikhilesh Dharmala , Nazar Kholod , Vaibhav Chaturvedi , Probal Pratap Ghosh , Ritu Mathur , Shikha Bali , Anshuman Behera , Sakshi Chamola , Leon Clarke , Meredydd Evans , Russell Horowitz , Aakansha Jain , Poonam Nagar Koti , Anantha Lakshmi Paladugula , Sharif Qamar , Swapnil Shekhar , Shweta Srinivasan

This article analyzes road transport in India to explore linkages between air pollution and climate change policies in the transportation sector. Five teams modeled five policy scenarios – fuel efficiency, electrification, alternative fuels, modal shifts, and moderation in transport demand – to explore which policy brings the largest synergetic effects in reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions. The teams also modeled the comprehensive scenario which included policy measures from individual scenarios. The paper concludes that all of the measures provide strong co-benefits in reducing air pollutants and CO2 emissions. The modeling results show that the increased energy efficiency of passenger and freight vehicles has the largest potential for reducing both CO2 and PM2.5 emissions. It is possible to reach an even larger reduction of air pollutants and CO2 emissions by combining several policy measures in the comprehensive scenario.

本文分析了印度的道路运输,以探讨交通部门空气污染与气候变化政策之间的联系。五个团队模拟了五种政策情景——燃油效率、电气化、替代燃料、模式转变和交通需求缓和——以探索哪种政策在减少二氧化碳(CO2)和颗粒物(PM2.5)排放方面带来最大的协同效应。这些团队还对综合方案进行了建模,其中包括来自各个方案的政策措施。本文的结论是,所有这些措施都在减少空气污染物和二氧化碳排放方面提供了强大的协同效益。建模结果表明,客运和货运车辆能效的提高对减少二氧化碳和PM2.5排放的潜力最大。在综合方案中结合若干政策措施,有可能实现更大幅度的减少空气污染物和二氧化碳排放。
{"title":"Win-win transportation strategies for India: Linking air pollution and climate mitigation","authors":"Nikhilesh Dharmala ,&nbsp;Nazar Kholod ,&nbsp;Vaibhav Chaturvedi ,&nbsp;Probal Pratap Ghosh ,&nbsp;Ritu Mathur ,&nbsp;Shikha Bali ,&nbsp;Anshuman Behera ,&nbsp;Sakshi Chamola ,&nbsp;Leon Clarke ,&nbsp;Meredydd Evans ,&nbsp;Russell Horowitz ,&nbsp;Aakansha Jain ,&nbsp;Poonam Nagar Koti ,&nbsp;Anantha Lakshmi Paladugula ,&nbsp;Sharif Qamar ,&nbsp;Swapnil Shekhar ,&nbsp;Shweta Srinivasan","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article analyzes road transport in India to explore linkages between air pollution and climate change policies in the transportation sector. Five teams modeled five policy scenarios – fuel efficiency, electrification, alternative fuels, modal shifts, and moderation in transport demand – to explore which policy brings the largest synergetic effects in reducing carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) emissions. The teams also modeled the comprehensive scenario which included policy measures from individual scenarios. The paper concludes that all of the measures provide strong co-benefits in reducing air pollutants and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. The modeling results show that the increased energy efficiency of passenger and freight vehicles has the largest potential for reducing both CO<sub>2</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions. It is possible to reach an even larger reduction of air pollutants and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by combining several policy measures in the comprehensive scenario.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54184992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Policy incentives for Greenhouse Gas Removal Techniques: the risks of premature inclusion in carbon markets and the need for a multi-pronged policy framework 温室气体减排技术的政策激励:过早纳入碳市场的风险和多管齐下的政策框架的必要性
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100074
Joshua Burke , Ajay Gambhir

Almost all modelled emissions scenarios consistent with the Paris Agreement's target of limiting global temperature increase to well below two degrees include the use of greenhouse gas removal (GGR) techniques. Despite the prevalence of GGR in Paris-consistent scenarios, and indeed the UK's own net-zero target, there is a paucity of regulatory support for emerging GGR techniques. However, the role of carbon pricing is one area that has experienced more attention than others, including discussion about the future inclusion of GGR in carbon markets.

Here we identify three risks associated with using carbon markets as the sole, or main, policy lever to encourage the deployment of GGR techniques. Our categorisation of risks stems from discussions with policymakers in the UK and a review of the broader literature on carbon markets and GGR. We present a three-pronged risk assessment framework to highlight the dangers in doing so. First, treating emissions removals and emissions reductions as entirely fungible allows for undesirable substitution. Second, carbon markets may provide insufficient demand pull to drive currently more-costly GGR techniques to deployment at commercial scales. Third, opening up a carbon market for potentially lower-cost GGR (such as nature-based solutions) too early could exert downward pressure on the overall market-based price of carbon, in the absence of adjustments to emissions caps or other safeguards. We discuss how these risks could hamper overall efforts to deploy GGR, and instead suggest a multi-pronged and intertemporal policy and governance framework for GGR. This includes considering separate accounting targets for GGR and conventional emissions abatement, removing perfect fungibility between GGR permits and carbon market permits and promoting a a wide range of innovation and technology-specific mechanisms to drive currently expensive, yet highly scalable technological GGR down the cost curve. Such a framework would ensure that policymakers can utilise carbon markets and other incentives appropriately to drive development and deployment of GGR techniques without compromising near-term mitigation, and that the representation of GGR in modelled low-carbon pathways is cognisant of its real-world scale-up potential in light of these incentives.

几乎所有与《巴黎协定》将全球气温上升限制在远低于2摄氏度的目标相一致的模拟排放情景都包括使用温室气体去除技术。尽管GGR在与《巴黎协定》一致的情况下普遍存在,而且英国自己的净零目标也确实存在,但对新兴GGR技术的监管支持仍然不足。然而,碳定价的作用是一个比其他领域受到更多关注的领域,包括关于未来将GGR纳入碳市场的讨论。在这里,我们确定了使用碳市场作为鼓励部署GGR技术的唯一或主要政策杠杆的三个风险。我们对风险的分类源于与英国政策制定者的讨论,以及对有关碳市场和GGR的更广泛文献的回顾。我们提出了一个三管齐下的风险评估框架,以突出这样做的危险。首先,将排放消除和减排视为完全可替代的,会导致不受欢迎的替代。其次,碳市场可能无法提供足够的需求拉动来推动目前成本更高的GGR技术在商业规模上的部署。第三,在没有调整排放上限或其他保障措施的情况下,过早地为潜在的低成本GGR(如基于自然的解决方案)开放碳市场,可能会对总体的基于市场的碳价格造成下行压力。我们讨论了这些风险如何阻碍部署GGR的整体努力,并建议为GGR制定一个多管齐下的跨期政策和治理框架。这包括考虑将GGR和传统减排分开核算目标,消除GGR许可和碳市场许可之间的完全可替代性,促进广泛的创新和技术特定机制,以推动目前昂贵但高度可扩展的技术GGR降低成本曲线。这样一个框架将确保政策制定者能够适当地利用碳市场和其他激励措施来推动GGR技术的开发和部署,而不会影响近期的缓解,并确保GGR在模拟低碳途径中的表现认识到根据这些激励措施,其在现实世界中的扩大潜力。
{"title":"Policy incentives for Greenhouse Gas Removal Techniques: the risks of premature inclusion in carbon markets and the need for a multi-pronged policy framework","authors":"Joshua Burke ,&nbsp;Ajay Gambhir","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Almost all modelled emissions scenarios consistent with the Paris Agreement's target of limiting global temperature increase to well below two degrees include the use of greenhouse gas removal (GGR) techniques. Despite the prevalence of GGR in Paris-consistent scenarios, and indeed the UK's own net-zero target, there is a paucity of regulatory support for emerging GGR techniques. However, the role of carbon pricing is one area that has experienced more attention than others, including discussion about the future inclusion of GGR in carbon markets.</p><p>Here we identify three risks associated with using carbon markets as the sole, or main, policy lever to encourage the deployment of GGR techniques. Our categorisation of risks stems from discussions with policymakers in the UK and a review of the broader literature on carbon markets and GGR. We present a three-pronged risk assessment framework to highlight the dangers in doing so. First, treating emissions removals and emissions reductions as entirely fungible allows for undesirable substitution. Second, carbon markets may provide insufficient demand pull to drive currently more-costly GGR techniques to deployment at commercial scales. Third, opening up a carbon market for potentially lower-cost GGR (such as nature-based solutions) too early could exert downward pressure on the overall market-based price of carbon, in the absence of adjustments to emissions caps or other safeguards. We discuss how these risks could hamper overall efforts to deploy GGR, and instead suggest a multi-pronged and intertemporal policy and governance framework for GGR. This includes considering separate accounting targets for GGR and conventional emissions abatement, removing perfect fungibility between GGR permits and carbon market permits and promoting a a wide range of innovation and technology-specific mechanisms to drive currently expensive, yet highly scalable technological GGR down the cost curve. Such a framework would ensure that policymakers can utilise carbon markets and other incentives appropriately to drive development and deployment of GGR techniques without compromising near-term mitigation, and that the representation of GGR in modelled low-carbon pathways is cognisant of its real-world scale-up potential in light of these incentives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666278722000046/pdfft?md5=756d74d5aa6e99a567d3f618ab68ee5d&pid=1-s2.0-S2666278722000046-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92365772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Urban heat mitigation through improved building energy efficiency 通过提高建筑能源效率减少城市热量
Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100078
Amir Baniassadi , Jannik Heusinger , Naika Meili , Pablo Izaga Gonzalez , Holly Samuelson

Buildings play a significant role in indoor and outdoor exposure to heat in urban areas. In this study, we quantify the heat mitigation potential of typical building energy efficiency measures that are often not considered as urban heat mitigation strategies, such as added insulation. We combined whole-building energy and urban climate simulations to compare indoor and outdoor (pedestrian-level) heat exposure with different levels of energy efficiency and under different climate timeframes in a soon-to-be-built public housing project in Phoenix, AZ. We found that improved energy efficiency reduces indoor and outdoor exposure to heat while climate change increases both. Considering the 2018 version of the energy code as the baseline, the mitigating impact of upgrading energy efficiency on indoor exposure to heat (as defined by% of year Tindoor > Tcooling setpoint +1 °C) exceeded the increase caused by climate change. Our estimates show a 6.6% increase caused by climate change vs. 20.7% reduction due to improved efficiency. Furthermore, our results indicate that energy upgrades may also have an impact on outdoor heat exposure (as defined by% of year with Toutdoor> 40 °C) due to reduced heat emitted from the buildings and their HVAC systems. We found a 2% increase in exposure caused by climate change vs. 1.4% reduction due to by improved efficiency. This suggest that upgrading energy efficiency of buildings may at least partially offset the impact of climate change on outdoor exposure to heat in the modelled urban canyon.

在城市地区,建筑物在室内外受热方面起着重要作用。在本研究中,我们量化了典型建筑节能措施的减热潜力,这些措施通常不被视为城市减热策略,如增加隔热。我们将整个建筑的能源和城市气候模拟结合起来,在亚利桑那州凤凰城即将建成的一个公共住房项目中,比较了不同能效水平和不同气候时间框架下的室内和室外(行人水平)热暴露。我们发现,能效的提高减少了室内和室外的热暴露,而气候变化则增加了两者。以2018年版本的能源法规为基准,提升能源效率对室内热暴露的缓解影响(以年百分比定义);冷却设定值+1°C)超过了气候变化引起的增幅。我们的估计显示,气候变化导致的碳排放量增加6.6%,而效率提高导致的碳排放量减少20.7%。此外,我们的研究结果表明,能源升级也可能对室外热暴露产生影响(以每年的百分比定义)。40°C),因为建筑物及其暖通空调系统释放的热量减少了。我们发现,气候变化导致的暴露增加了2%,而效率提高导致的暴露减少了1.4%。这表明,在模拟的城市峡谷中,提高建筑物的能源效率至少可以部分抵消气候变化对室外暴露于热量的影响。
{"title":"Urban heat mitigation through improved building energy efficiency","authors":"Amir Baniassadi ,&nbsp;Jannik Heusinger ,&nbsp;Naika Meili ,&nbsp;Pablo Izaga Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Holly Samuelson","doi":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egycc.2022.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Buildings play a significant role in indoor and outdoor exposure to heat in urban areas. In this study, we quantify the heat mitigation potential of typical building energy efficiency measures that are often not considered as urban heat mitigation strategies, such as added insulation. We combined whole-building energy and urban climate simulations to compare indoor and outdoor (pedestrian-level) heat exposure with different levels of energy efficiency and under different climate timeframes in a soon-to-be-built public housing project in Phoenix, AZ. We found that improved energy efficiency reduces indoor and outdoor exposure to heat while climate change increases both. Considering the 2018 version of the energy code as the baseline, the mitigating impact of upgrading energy efficiency on <em>indoor</em> exposure to heat (as defined by% of year T<sub>indoor</sub> &gt; T<sub>cooling setpoint</sub> +1 °C) exceeded the increase caused by climate change. Our estimates show a 6.6% increase caused by climate change vs. 20.7% reduction due to improved efficiency. Furthermore, our results indicate that energy upgrades may also have an impact on <em>outdoor</em> heat exposure (as defined by% of year with T<sub>outdoor</sub>&gt; 40 °C) due to reduced heat emitted from the buildings and their HVAC systems. We found a 2% increase in exposure caused by climate change vs. 1.4% reduction due to by improved efficiency. This suggest that upgrading energy efficiency of buildings may at least partially offset the impact of climate change on outdoor exposure to heat in the modelled urban canyon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72914,"journal":{"name":"Energy and climate change","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666278722000083/pdfft?md5=564b0d7d9b1497bfb68d88d1c3aeb369&pid=1-s2.0-S2666278722000083-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48877664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
期刊
Energy and climate change
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1