Agricultural Water Management最新文献

{"title":"Mapping irrigation regimes in Chinese paddy lands through multi-source data assimilation","authors":"Yicheng Wang ,&nbsp;Fulu Tao ,&nbsp;Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Lichang Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water-saving irrigation (WI) is a crucial agricultural management with the benefits to save irrigation water, reduce energy consumption, and suppress methane emissions from paddy lands. Classifying WI practices from traditional flooding irrigation (FI) is a key component in detecting the rice irrigation status, which is significant to estimate the total agriculture-associated greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we developed an automatic method to map irrigation regimes across Chinese paddy lands. First, we used seven variables related with irrigation facility or vegetation cover as proxy to generate representative WI and FI samples. Besides, we composited 123 features of optical bands and synthetic aperture radar from MODIS and Sentinel-1 data. Then, we trained a random forest model for each province with these samples. Finally, we applied the trained model to generate maps of WI/FI practices at 500 m resolution. Comparisons of the resultant maps with census data indicated highly accurate estimations of the WI area at a city- or province-level, with a R² higher than 0.92. The overall accuracy of the classification was approximately 0.73, as validated through ground truth samples. Additionally, we also conducted a data quality analysis and confirmed the classification results were reliable in main rice production area of China. With the push towards carbon neutrality goals and the increasing demand for clean management practices, we developed and demonstrated an advanced method to produce near real-time maps of irrigation regimes and provide crucial data support for agricultural emissions reduction and irrigation management decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109083"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale spatial variability in land and water productivity across the Gezira irrigation scheme, Sudan","authors":"Razan Elnour ,&nbsp;Abebe Chukalla ,&nbsp;Yasir A. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Andres Verzijl","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural performance assessment spans various spatial scales, from single plots to entire irrigation systems. A multi-scale analysis is thus crucial for informed decision-making. The Gezira irrigation sScheme in Sudan is a longstanding large-scale irrigation system experiencing severe water management challenges, manifested by low land productivity, water productivity, and irrigation efficiency. Recognizing the interdependence of decision-making, this research focuses on variations in water and land productivity at different spatial scales within the Gezira irrigation scheme. As one of the world’s largest gravity-irrigated systems, covering 2.1 million <em>feddan</em> (1 feddan = 0.42 ha ∼ 1 acre), the scheme serves as an interesting case to study head-tail performance variations across four spatial scales: tertiary, secondary, and major units, and the whole scheme. This study is centered on the winter season wheat cultivation 2022–2023, and employs the FAO’s Water Productivity Open Access Portal (WaPOR v2.1) datasets, with 100 m resolution, for computing land and water productivity. Ground-observed yield data from nine tertiary units (<em>nimras</em>) in the Wadelbur irrigation division were used to validate WaPOR. The results showed a systematic underestimation of WaPOR derived land productivity by about 40 % compared to the ground dataset. The head-tail analysis of land and water productivity reveal contrasting results at different scales. At tertiary and secondary scales, no correlation exists between distance from offtake and productivity. At the major unit (irrigation division), a moderate correlation is observed: 0.7 for land productivity, and 0.6 for water productivity. At the scheme scale, the correlation factors are somewhat lower for land productivity (0.4) and the same for water productivity (0.6). At the largest scale, the productivity appears to increase from head to tail divisions, suggesting potential overirrigation and waterlogging in the head parts leading to reduced productivity. Another possibility is the presence of better agricultural practices in the tail areas compared to the head.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109082"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural water rebound effect and its driving factors in Xinjiang, China","authors":"Dongjie Pei ,&nbsp;Yue Wen ,&nbsp;Wenhao Li ,&nbsp;Zhanli Ma ,&nbsp;Li Guo ,&nbsp;Jinzhu Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengjie Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoguo Mu ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgent need to reduce agricultural water consumption and tackle water scarcity has made developing water-saving technologies in agriculture a top priority. However, However, introducing these technologies does not automatically guarantee a reduction in overall water consumption within the sector. The rebound effect plays a significant role in limiting the effectiveness of water conservation policies. A comprehensive understanding of irrigation's water rebound effect (WRE) is essential for successfully conserving agricultural water resources, especially in arid regions. This study focuses on Xinjiang and empirically analyzes the rebound effect following the implementation of water-saving measures. This study focuses on Xinjiang and empirically analyzes the rebound effect following the implementation of water-saving measures. The findings indicate that from 2001 to 2020, water consumption remained a concern despite advancements in irrigation technology, leading to a 40.86 % reduction in the irrigation quota (a decrease of 5567.12 m³/ha). The cultivated land area, irrigation area, water-saving irrigation area, agricultural output value, agricultural water consumption, and agricultural water use productivity in Xinjiang have increased by 2.86 × 10⁶ ha, 1.40 × 10⁶ ha, 1.70 × 10⁶ ha, 81.61 × 10⁹ CNY, 6.28 × 10⁹ m³ and 1.57 CNY/m³, respectively, with growth rates of 83.54 %, 41.27 %, 134.24 %, 217.87, 7.80 % and 192.83 %, respectively. Despite the reduced water allocation per hectare for irrigation, the anticipated decline in total water consumption did not occur, revealing a significant rebound effect, with variations ranging from 64.84 % to 1972.51 %. This indicates that a single water-saving measure may not ensure long-term water conservation. A deeper analysis of this rebound effect can help formulate more effective water management strategies. Strategies should encompass promoting ongoing advancements in water-saving technologies, imposing restrictions on expanding the cultivated land in certain areas, decreasing the cultivation of high-yield and high-water-demand crops, curbing the extension of irrigation coverage, enhancing the establishment of agricultural water pricing mechanisms, integrating smart irrigation technologies and data-driven water resource management, enhancing the utilization of saline-alkaline water, and driving policy innovation. The findings can help enhance agricultural water use efficiency, supporting agricultural production and regional economic development. This not only aids in improving agricultural water management in Xinjiang but also provides valuable insights for other arid and semi-arid regions. These insights can aid in creating more efficient water resource management strategies, reducing the negative impacts of the WRE, and advancing global agricultural sustainability and innovation in water management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109086"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing the reliability of soil moisture forecast for its use in agriculture","authors":"Monika Bláhová ,&nbsp;Milan Fischer ,&nbsp;Markéta Poděbradská ,&nbsp;Petr Štěpánek ,&nbsp;Jan Balek ,&nbsp;Pavel Zahradníček ,&nbsp;Lucie Kudláčková ,&nbsp;Zdeněk Žalud ,&nbsp;Miroslav Trnka","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increased frequency and intensity of drought events are among the major impacts of climate change in various regions worldwide, including Central Europe. These changes have increased the demand for precise drought monitoring and forecasting tools and their validation. The Czech Drought Monitoring System, which is widely utilized across Central Europe, provides daily soil moisture monitoring and medium-range forecasts using the SoilClim model. The main objective of this study was to describe and evaluate the spatiotemporal reliability of these forecasts. The forecasting performance was evaluated for three variables (relative soil moisture content, soil moisture deficit, and drought intensity) and was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation, mean bias error, and mean absolute error. All the statistical analyses were performed on data from the years 2019 to 2021 aggregated at the administrative district level in the Czech Republic. The growing season data were analyzed in detail to assess the forecasting accuracy during spring and summer. Furthermore, the ability to forecast rapid changes in the soil moisture content according to changes in meteorological variables, such as precipitation and air temperature, was evaluated. Our findings demonstrate that the SoilClim model forecasts are accurate and suitable for practical applications in sectors such as agriculture and forestry. The lowest reported correlation between the monitored and forecasted values was +0.68 for nine-day forecasts at a soil depth of 0–40 cm. For shorter forecast periods of one and four days, the correlation values were +0.80 or greater. For drought intensity, the errors did not exceed one category of drought severity. We identified summer as the most dynamic season, with corresponding variations in the soil moisture and meteorological forecasting accuracy. This study validates the ability of the Czech Drought Monitoring System to provide reliable soil moisture forecasts, thus contributing to our ability to manage and mitigate drought impacts effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature increase may not necessarily penalize future yields of three major crops in Xinjiang, Northwest China","authors":"Xuehui Gao ,&nbsp;Jian Liu ,&nbsp;Haixia Lin ,&nbsp;Yue Wen ,&nbsp;Rui Chen ,&nbsp;Tehseen Javed ,&nbsp;Xiaoguo Mu ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Future food production is at risk due to climate change, particularly in arid regions with limited water resources and extensive irrigated agriculture. This study utilized the DSSAT model in conjunction with downscaled data from 21 global climate models (GCMs) under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5) to assess the impact of projected climate change on irrigated crop phenology, yield, and evapotranspiration (ET_c) of cotton, maize, and winter wheat in the Shihezi region of Xinjiang, China. The results indicated that temperature and precipitation in the region were expected to increase gradually from 2021 to 2100. Climate change has resulted in earlier anthesis and physiological maturity of all three crops. Future climatic conditions could reduce maize yields to 16.02 %. Conversely, the yields of cotton and winter wheat increased, with cotton yields rising by 1.23–10.94 % and winter wheat yields by 3.19–14.07 %. Additionally, ET_c for cotton, maize, and winter wheat could rise in the future. The irrigation water demands could increase by 41.1–96.4 mm for cotton and 27.3–37.9 mm for maize, while the demand for winter wheat could decrease by 0.5–36.2 mm. Warming was significantly correlated with the changes in the yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of cotton, maize, and winter wheat. The temperature increases of +0.5°C to +3.0°C (relative to baseline) at 0.5°C intervals were analyzed to evaluate their effects on yield and WUE. The yields varied from −0.93 % to 6.15 % for cotton, −43.42 % to −7.99 % for maize, and 4.28–9.92 % for winter wheat. The WUE changes ranged from −29.03 % to −1.08 % for cotton, −43.06 % to −7.66 % for maize, and 0.69–3.47 % for winter wheat. Contrary to the common belief that rising temperatures generally harm crop yields, our study suggests that temperature fluctuations may benefit certain crops in specific regions. These results could provide theoretical guidance for implementing adaptive measures to future climate change in regions with conditions similar to Shihezi, Xinjiang, China, to ensure crop security and sustainable water management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109085"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to effectively reduce sloping farmland nutrient loss and soil erosions in the Three Gorges Reservoir area","authors":"Yinghua Yin ,&nbsp;Ganghao Li ,&nbsp;Ying Xia ,&nbsp;Maoqian Wu ,&nbsp;Min Huang ,&nbsp;Limei Zhai ,&nbsp;Xianpeng Fan ,&nbsp;Jiwen Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiangqiong Kong ,&nbsp;Fulin Zhang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fertilization and soil conservation measures play crucial roles in influencing nutrient loss and soil erosion on sloping farmlands. However, the long-term effects of these measures and the characterization of nutrient loss and sediment yield under different rainfall types and crop growth stages were not well studied. Therefore, we designed six treatments for sloping farmlands in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area with a field experiment. A field experiment included downslope cultivation with chemical fertilizer (DF), downslope cultivation with chemical fertilizer plus manure (DFM), cross-slope cultivation with chemical fertilizer plus manure (CFM), no-till straw cover with chemical fertilizer plus manure (NSFM), ridge plant hedges with chemical fertilizer plus manure (RFM), and biochar interception ditches with chemical fertilizer plus manure (BFM). The results indicated that soil and water conservation measures in association with manure substitution significantly reduced runoff depth (14.3–22.5 %), sediment yield (10.3–46.5 %), and total nitrogen (TN) loss (13.5–36.5 %) compared to DF. NSFM significantly reduced total phosphorus (TP) loss by 17.4 % and the TP loss from the other treatments did not show significant differences compared to DF. Rainfall intensity and runoff depth were identified as critical factors influencing nutrient loss and soil erosion. NSFM showed maximal nutrient reduction performance under different rainfall intensities, while DFM was not significantly effective. NO₃^--N and particulate P dominated the loss of TN and TP. The first 30 minutes of runoff generation and the seedling stage were identified as risk periods for N and P loss. The study suggests that the NSFM treatment was the appropriate method to prevent soil and water nutrient loss. This provides important insights for the precise control of nutrient loss and soil erosion on sloping farmlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109084"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid variable flux irrigation model for mitigating agroecological impacts of straw incorporation and furrow ridge system in rice-wheat rotations","authors":"Edwin O. Amisi ,&nbsp;Yinian Li ,&nbsp;Riyin He ,&nbsp;Qishuo Ding ,&nbsp;Gaoming Xu ,&nbsp;Degaga Petros Areru","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shifting from traditional puddled transplanted rice to mechanized drilled-seeding, combined with rotary straw mixing and furrow irrigation, has proven to be a crucial strategy for reducing methane emissions while optimizing resource utilization and productivity. However, this technique introduces other challenges, such as furrow runoff and soil erosion, which contribute to the degradation of ridge/bed soil quality, fertilizer loss, and transport of agroecological pollutants. Therefore, this study explores a hybrid variable flux irrigation (VFI) model as a decision support tool to mitigate these limitations by controlling soil anoxia and runoff in furrow-irrigated rice after straw incorporation. The approach integrates the Hydrus 2D/3D with optimal loop controllers to adjust pump operations based on specific soil moisture levels, variable flux, and furrow water flow depths. Experimental validation and a field case study were conducted in Babaiqiao, Nanjing City, China, where rotary straw mixing and furrow-ridge layouts were applied alongside dry rice seeding and soil hydraulic experiments. The performance indicators of the Hydrus 2D/3D variable flux demonstrated reliable simulation of lateral wetting rates and soil moisture content with R² of 0.79 and 0.89, corresponding RMSE values of 7.90 % and 7.60 %, and MRE values of 1.85 m/day and 0.07 cm³/cm³, respectively. The VFI model proved effective, indicating that the optimal irrigation schedule consisted of three distinct supply regimes. During each cycle, the pump operated intermittently, running for approximately 2.66 hours. VFI led to a 33 % reduction in pumping energy costs while simultaneously mitigating soil anoxia and furrow runoff, thus a potential to reduce the environmental footprint of rice-wheat rotations. Although rice yields under drilled seeding were reduced by 9.56 % compared to flood irrigation due to heavy weed infestation, the VFI model provides valuable insights for promoting straw incorporation and implementing practical solutions that support optimal water utilization and sustainable productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109067"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is behind water user satisfaction with irrigation organizations´ performance? An empirical analysis under different water scarcity conditions","authors":"Carlos Bopp ,&nbsp;Alejandra Engler ,&nbsp;Cristian Jordan ,&nbsp;Roberto Jara-Rojas","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The level of satisfaction of individuals within a community sharing a common pool resource is essential to strengthening collective actions. In the case of irrigation water, which is becoming a critical resource due to its declining availability in many regions worldwide, the satisfaction level in Water User Associations (WUAs) is not guaranteed and also varies across individuals within these organizations. This study analyzed the satisfaction of users in WUAs and identified organization- and user-level characteristics associated with it. Using a sample of 393 users of 20 WUAs from the Mediterranean portion of Chile, we performed confirmatory factor analysis, correlational analyses, and multilevel regressions. A composite indicator of user satisfaction showed significant correlations with the positive evaluation of the WUA staff performance, the effectiveness of monitoring and enforcement, and the confidence that other users do not withdraw more water than they are allocated. We also compared users’ satisfaction levels from WUAs facing higher and lower water scarcity problems and found that user satisfaction is significantly higher in the latter case. The results of the multilevel econometric models show that in WUAs under higher water scarcity, user satisfaction is affected by several structural characteristics (water withdrawal mechanism and location along the canal) and users' human and social capital variables (experience, education, and participation in organizations); in contrast, in WUAs with a low level of scarcity, few covariates were significant while unobserved characteristics became more relevant (34 % of total variance explanation). Our study contributes to the existing literature on user satisfaction in community resource management, which could be useful to promote effective and cohesive governance structures as, ultimately, users determine cooperation rates and willingness to participate in WUA actions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109072"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of regulated deficit irrigation on the dynamics of quality changes in processing tomato fruits during ripening","authors":"Jing Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Li ,&nbsp;Wenliang Wan,&nbsp;Xiaoling Zhu,&nbsp;Changhong Li,&nbsp;Xiaowen Zhao,&nbsp;Yanhui Zhao,&nbsp;Shenqun Pang,&nbsp;Ming Diao","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quality is a key factor restricting the development and economic benefits of the tomato processing industry, and improving the quality of tomatoes has become a hotspot in the development of the tomato processing industry in Xinjiang. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is an abiotic means of crop yield and quality control widely used for crop yield and quality improvement. This study aimed to investigate the impact of RDI on the dynamics of quality changes in processing tomato fruits during ripening via a 2-year (2022–2023) filed experiment with five water irrigation treatments in Xinjiang, China. The results showed that compared with conventional irrigation, regulated deficit irrigation significantly saved 315–1260 m³ ha⁻¹ irrigation water. Mild RDI increased the single fruit weight and fruit hardness by 0.15 % and 3.29 kg cm², respectively, thus improved the yield and storage and transportation quality of processed tomatoes. Moderate RDI increased the contents of soluble solid, soluble sugar and lycopene in fruit to 0.6 %, 0.56 % and 3.53 μg/g, respectively, therefore significantly improved the nutritional quality and flavor quality of processed tomato. Ultimately, a comprehensive evaluation using a coupled <em><strong>T</strong></em>echnique for <em><strong>O</strong></em>rder <em><strong>P</strong></em>reference by <em><strong>S</strong></em>imilarity to an <em><strong>I</strong></em>deal <em><strong>S</strong></em>olution (TOPSIS) model, taking into account the appearance, nutrition, flavor, and storage and transportation indexes of processed fruits, concluded tha W1 treatment is a sustainable water management approach that balances yield and quality. Therefore, the optimal deficit irrigation model for processing tomato fruits in Xinjiang was recommended to be the W1 treatment, whereas the W2 treatment was considered as an alternate model. The study supported the large-scale development of the tomato processing industry in Xinjiang and the implementation of effective water-saving farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109068"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A soil moisture experiment for validating high-resolution satellite products and monitoring irrigation at agricultural field scale","authors":"Weizhen Wang ,&nbsp;Chunfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Xufeng Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Feng ,&nbsp;Leilei Dong ,&nbsp;Jian Kang ,&nbsp;Rui Jin ,&nbsp;Xingze Li","doi":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agwat.2024.109071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Validating the satellite soil moisture products is always an active research topic for the application of the products and improvement of the retrieval algorithms, attracting extensive attention. Nevertheless, seldom existing validation activities focus on the validation of high-resolution soil moisture products at the fine scale. To this end, an experiment was conducted in the middle stream of the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China in August to October of 2021, aiming to validate high-resolution satellite remote sensing products of soil moisture. The paper introduces the design, composite, and preliminary results of the experiment. A soil moisture observation network was established with two kinds of sensors (CS616 and Stevens Hydra Probe) validated against soil core measurements. Several synchronized campaigns were performed, and data were collected to validate the SMAP/Sentinel-1 L2 Radiometer/Radar 30-Second Scene 3 and 1 km EASE-Grid Soil Moisture (SPL2SMAP_S) products. Besides, an optical trapezoid model (OPTRAM) and collected Sentinel-2 data were applied to estimate soil moisture and to map irrigated area. Preliminary analyses show that: 1) Steven probes perform best, with an RMSE = 0.040 m³m⁻³ and ubRMSE<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.034 m³m⁻³; 2) Both the SPL2SMAP_S products at 3 km and 1 km show large RMSE (0.128 m³m⁻³ for 3 km and 0.158 m³m⁻³ for 1 km) and ubRMSE (0.115 m³m⁻³ for 3 km and 0.158 m³m⁻³ for 1 km); 3) The OPTRAM retrievals over bare surface present relatively smaller RMSE (0.06 m³m⁻³) and ubRMSE (0.057 m³m⁻³), while retrievals over vegetated croplands present a relatively large RMSE/ubRMSE (0.083/0.083 m³m⁻³), and the retrievals can identify the irrigated area at field scale. Overall, the experiment provides fruitful methodologies and datasets for the validation of high-resolution remote sensing products, benefiting the development and improvement of soil moisture retrieval algorithms and products to support irrigation scheduling and management at a precision agricultural scale in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7634,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Water Management","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 109071"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}