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Reconnoitring Natural Antibacterial Appraisal of Medicinal Plants Extract Against Human Pathogen Salmonella Paratyphi A and Salmonella Paratyphi B 药用植物提取物对人致病菌甲型副伤寒沙门菌和乙型副伤寒沙门菌的天然抗菌评价
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI: 10.11648/j.cbe.20210602.11
Janki Ruparelia, Aniruddh Rabari, Nishra Joshi, Asha Dhediya, Jigisha Halpati, Ankita A. Patel, C. Jha
Regardless of the convenience of plentiful miscellaneous collection of synthetic products and high-throughput tactics for their biological testing, natural compounds twig at a major source for antimicrobial drug development. These compounds are exclusively treasured as they have endured natural assortment over time. In this study we concentrated on Ethnobotanical efficacy of Indian medicinal plants like Ocimum sanctum, Phyllanthus emblica and Bryophyllum pinnatum for defence against bacterial human pathogen salmonella paratyphi A and salmonella paratyphi B. Phytochemical screening of these plants was executed for constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, glycosides, carbohydrates and aminoacids. The ethanol extract of these plants exhibited good activity against the human pathogens by agar well diffusion assay method and the MIC was recorded. Average mean zone of inhibition found by these plants ranged between 4 mm to 29 mm and 4 mm to 27 mm respectively for salmonella paratyphi A and salmonella paratyphi B. These results accomplish the antimicrobial potential of the medicinal plants and hence convey upkeep for the use of them in traditional medicine.
尽管有大量的合成产品和高通量的生物测试策略,天然化合物仍然是抗菌药物开发的主要来源。这些化合物是独一无二的珍贵,因为它们经历了自然的分类。本研究主要研究了印度药用植物Ocimum sanctum、Phyllanthus emblica和Bryophyllum pinnatum抵御人类致病菌副伤寒沙门氏菌A和b的民族植物学功效。对这些植物进行了生物碱、类黄酮、单宁、类固醇、糖苷、碳水化合物和氨基酸等成分的植物化学筛选。琼脂孔扩散法测定了这些植物的乙醇提取物对人体病原菌有良好的活性,并记录了其MIC值。这些植物对甲型副伤寒沙门菌和乙型副伤寒沙门菌的平均抑制区分别在4 ~ 29 mm和4 ~ 27 mm之间。这些结果实现了药用植物的抗菌潜力,从而为其在传统医学中的使用提供了支持。
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引用次数: 3
Crystal Structure Prediction Methods for Organic Molecules: State of the Art. 有机分子晶体结构预测方法:最新进展。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060718-030256
David H Bowskill, Isaac J Sugden, Stefanos Konstantinopoulos, Claire S Adjiman, Constantinos C Pantelides

The prediction of the crystal structures that a given organic molecule is likely to form is an important theoretical problem of significant interest for the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, among others. As evidenced by a series of six blind tests organized over the past 2 decades, methodologies for crystal structure prediction (CSP) have witnessed substantial progress and have now reached a stage of development where they can begin to be applied to systems of practical significance. This article reviews the state of the art in general-purpose methodologies for CSP, placing them within a common framework that highlights both their similarities and their differences. The review discusses specific areas that constitute the main focus of current research efforts toward improving the reliability and widening applicability of these methodologies, and offers some perspectives for the evolution of this technology over the next decade.

预测一个给定的有机分子可能形成的晶体结构是一个重要的理论问题,对制药和农用化学工业等具有重要意义。正如过去二十年来组织的一系列六次盲测所证明的那样,晶体结构预测(CSP)方法取得了实质性进展,现在已经达到了可以开始应用于具有实际意义的系统的发展阶段。本文回顾了用于CSP的通用方法的最新进展,将它们放在一个共同的框架中,突出了它们的相似点和不同点。这篇综述讨论了构成当前研究工作的主要焦点的具体领域,以提高这些方法的可靠性和扩大适用性,并为该技术在未来十年的发展提供了一些观点。
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引用次数: 20
Solid-Binding Proteins: Bridging Synthesis, Assembly, and Function in Hybrid and Hierarchical Materials Fabrication. 固体结合蛋白:桥接合成,组装和功能在混合和分层材料制造。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-102020-015923
Karthik Pushpavanam, Jinrong Ma, Yifeng Cai, Nada Y Naser, François Baneyx

There is considerable interest in the development of hybrid organic-inorganic materials because of the potential for harvesting the unique capabilities that each system has to offer. Proteins are an especially attractive organic component owing to the high amount of chemical information encoded in their amino acid sequence, their amenability to molecular and computational (re)design, and the many structures and functions they specify. Genetic installation of solid-binding peptides (SBPs) within protein frameworks affords control over the position and orientation of adhesive and morphogenetic segments, and a path toward predictive synthesis and assembly of functional materials and devices, all while harnessing the built-in properties of the host scaffold. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms through which SBPs bind to technologically relevant interfaces, with an emphasis on the variables that influence the process, and highlight the last decade of progress in the use of solid-binding proteins for hybrid and hierarchical materials synthesis.

人们对有机-无机混合材料的开发非常感兴趣,因为每种系统都有可能获得独特的性能。蛋白质是一种特别有吸引力的有机成分,因为它们的氨基酸序列编码了大量的化学信息,它们对分子和计算(重新)设计的适应性,以及它们指定的许多结构和功能。在蛋白质框架内的固体结合肽(sbp)的遗传安装提供了对粘合剂和形态发生片段的位置和方向的控制,以及通往功能材料和设备的预测性合成和组装的途径,同时利用宿主支架的内置特性。在这里,我们回顾了目前对sbp结合到技术相关界面的机制的理解,重点介绍了影响该过程的变量,并强调了过去十年在使用固体结合蛋白合成杂化和分层材料方面的进展。
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引用次数: 3
Autobiography of Stanley I. Sandler. 斯坦利·桑德勒自传。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-02-19 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-050520-013749
Stanley I Sandler

I review my career from its academic beginning to my recent retirement. I grew up and studied chemical engineering in New York City. My initial failure to understand thermodynamics the way it had been taught, evidenced by the difficulty I had when starting graduate school, led me years later to write a textbook on the subject that is now in a fifth edition, in addition to other books I have written. My research areas have included molecular simulation, statistical- and quantum mechanical-based methods, and a variety of experimental thermodynamic measurements. In addition, I have been a consultant in traditional chemical engineering areas, as well in nontraditional areas, such as assisting in the design of a heat shield for interplanetary exploration, the destruction of armed chemical weapons, and the cleanup of nuclear weapons production facilities.

我回顾了我的职业生涯,从学术开始到我最近的退休。我在纽约长大并学习化学工程。我最初无法理解热力学的教学方式,这在我开始读研时遇到的困难中得到了证明,这促使我在几年后写了一本关于这个主题的教科书,现在已经是第五版了,此外还有我写的其他书。我的研究领域包括分子模拟,基于统计和量子力学的方法,以及各种实验热力学测量。此外,我还担任过传统化学工程领域的顾问,以及非传统领域的顾问,如协助设计星际探索隔热罩,销毁武装化学武器,清理核武器生产设施等。
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引用次数: 0
Liquid-Liquid Chromatography: Current Design Approaches and Future Pathways. 液-液色谱:当前的设计方法和未来的途径。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101420-033548
Raena Morley, Mirjana Minceva

Since its first appearance in the 1960s, solid support-free liquid-liquid chromatography has played an ever-growing role in the field of natural products research. The use of the two phases of a liquid biphasic system, the mobile and stationary phases, renders the technique highly versatile and adaptable to a wide spectrum of target molecules, from hydrophobic to highly polar small molecules to proteins. Generally considered a niche technique used only for small-scale preparative separations, liquid-liquid chromatography currently lags far behind conventional liquid-solid chromatography and liquid-liquid extraction in process modeling and industrial acceptance. This review aims to expose a broader audience to this high-potential separation technique by presenting the wide variety of available operating modes and solvent systems as well as structured, model-based design approaches. Topics currently offering opportunities for further investigation are also addressed.

自20世纪60年代首次出现以来,无固体支撑液-液色谱法在天然产物研究领域发挥了越来越大的作用。使用液体双相系统的两相,流动相和固定相,使得该技术具有高度的通用性和适应性,适用于广泛的目标分子,从疏水性到高极性小分子再到蛋白质。液-液色谱通常被认为是一种仅用于小规模制备分离的小众技术,目前在工艺模拟和工业接受方面远远落后于传统的液-固色谱和液-液萃取。本综述旨在通过介绍各种可用的操作模式和溶剂系统以及结构化的、基于模型的设计方法,使更广泛的受众了解这种高潜力的分离技术。还讨论了目前提供进一步调查机会的主题。
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引用次数: 12
Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Saline Aquifers: Physicochemical Processes, Key Constraints, and Scale-Up Potential. 含盐含水层中二氧化碳的储存:物理化学过程、关键限制和扩大潜力。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-093020-091447
Philip S Ringrose, Anne-Kari Furre, Stuart M V Gilfillan, Samuel Krevor, Martin Landrø, Rory Leslie, Tip Meckel, Bamshad Nazarian, Adeel Zahid

CO2 storage in saline aquifers offers a realistic means of achieving globally significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions at the scale of billions of tonnes per year. We review insights into the processes involved using well-documented industrial-scale projects, supported by a range of laboratory analyses, field studies, and flow simulations. The main topics we address are (a) the significant physicochemical processes, (b) the factors limiting CO2 storage capacity, and (c) the requirements for global scale-up.Although CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology can be considered mature and proven, it requires significant and rapid scale-up to meet the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement. The projected growth in the number of CO2 injection wells required is significantly lower than the historic petroleum industry drill rates, indicating that decarbonization via CCS is a highly credible and affordable ambition for modern human society. Several technology developments are needed to reduce deployment costs and to stimulate widespread adoption of this technology, and these should focus on demonstration of long-term retention and safety of CO2 storage and development of smart ways of handling injection wells and pressure, cost-effective monitoring solutions, and deployment of CCS hubs with associated infrastructure.

在含盐含水层中储存二氧化碳,是实现全球温室气体排放量每年大幅减少数十亿吨的现实手段。我们通过一系列实验室分析、实地研究和流程模拟,回顾了工业规模项目中涉及的过程。我们讨论的主要主题是(a)重要的物理化学过程,(b)限制二氧化碳储存能力的因素,以及(c)全球规模扩大的要求。虽然二氧化碳捕集与封存(CCS)技术可以被认为是成熟的和经过验证的,但它需要大规模和快速地扩大规模,以实现《巴黎气候协定》的目标。预计所需的二氧化碳注入井数量的增长明显低于历史上石油工业的钻井速度,这表明通过CCS进行脱碳是现代人类社会高度可信和负担得起的目标。为了降低部署成本并促进该技术的广泛采用,需要开发一些技术,这些技术应该集中在证明二氧化碳储存的长期保留和安全性,开发处理注入井和压力的智能方法,具有成本效益的监测解决方案,以及部署CCS中心与相关基础设施。
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引用次数: 24
Emerging Biomedical Applications Based on the Response of Magnetic Nanoparticles to Time-Varying Magnetic Fields. 基于磁性纳米颗粒对时变磁场响应的新兴生物医学应用。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-04-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-102720-015630
Angelie Rivera-Rodriguez, Carlos M Rinaldi-Ramos

Magnetic nanoparticles are of interest for biomedical applications because of their biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and actuation using applied magnetic fields. Magnetic nanoparticles respond to time-varying magnetic fields via physical particle rotation or internal dipole reorientation, which can result in signal generation or conversion of magnetic energy to heat. This dynamic magnetization response enables their use as tracers in magnetic particle imaging (MPI), an emerging biomedical imaging modality in which signal is quantitative of tracer mass and there is no tissue background signal or signal attenuation. Conversion of magnetic energy to heat motivates use in nanoscale thermal cancer therapy, magnetic actuation of drug release, and rapid rewarming of cryopreserved organs. This review introduces basic concepts of magnetic nanoparticle response to time-varying magnetic fields and presents recent advances in the field, with an emphasis on MPI and conversion of magnetic energy to heat.

磁性纳米颗粒因其生物相容性、可调节的表面化学性质和利用外加磁场驱动而被应用于生物医学领域。磁性纳米粒子通过物理粒子旋转或内部偶极子重定向对时变磁场做出响应,从而产生信号或将磁能转化为热能。这种动态磁化响应使其成为磁颗粒成像(MPI)中的示踪剂,MPI是一种新兴的生物医学成像方式,其中信号是示踪剂质量的定量,没有组织背景信号或信号衰减。将磁能转化为热能,可用于纳米级热癌治疗、磁驱动药物释放和冷冻保存器官的快速再加热。本文介绍了磁性纳米粒子对时变磁场响应的基本概念,并介绍了该领域的最新进展,重点介绍了MPI和磁能到热的转换。
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引用次数: 13
Characterization of Nanoporous Materials. 纳米多孔材料的表征。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-061720-081242
M Thommes, C Schlumberger

Detailed analysis of textural properties, e.g., pore size and connectivity, of nanoporous materials is essential to identify correlations of these properties with the performance of gas storage, separation, and catalysis processes. The advances in developing nanoporous materials with uniform, tailor-made pore structures, including the introduction of hierarchical pore systems, offer huge potential for these applications. Within this context, major progress has been made in understanding the adsorption and phase behavior of confined fluids and consequently in physisorption characterization. This enables reliable pore size, volume, and network connectivity analysis using advanced, high-resolution experimental protocols coupled with advanced methods based on statistical mechanics, such as methods based on density functional theory and molecular simulation. If macro-pores are present, a combination of adsorption and mercury porosimetry can be useful. Hence, some important recent advances in understanding the mercury intrusion/extrusion mechanism are discussed. Additionally, some promising complementary techniques for characterization of porous materials immersed in a liquid phase are introduced.

详细分析纳米多孔材料的结构特性,例如孔径和连通性,对于确定这些特性与气体储存、分离和催化过程性能之间的相关性至关重要。在开发具有均匀、定制孔结构的纳米多孔材料方面取得的进展,包括引入分层孔系统,为这些应用提供了巨大的潜力。在此背景下,在理解受限流体的吸附和相行为以及物理吸附表征方面取得了重大进展。利用先进的高分辨率实验协议,结合基于统计力学的先进方法(如基于密度泛函理论和分子模拟的方法),可以实现可靠的孔径、体积和网络连通性分析。如果存在大孔隙,则吸附法和汞孔隙测定法的结合是有用的。因此,本文讨论了近年来在了解汞侵入/挤压机制方面的一些重要进展。此外,介绍了一些有前途的互补技术,用于表征浸泡在液相中的多孔材料。
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引用次数: 20
Recent Developments in Solvent-Based Fluid Separations. 溶剂型流体分离的最新进展。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-102620-015346
Boelo Schuur, Thomas Brouwer, Lisette M J Sprakel

The most important developments in solvent-based fluid separations, separations involving at least one fluid phase, are reviewed. After a brief introduction and discussion on general solvent trends observed in all fields of application, several specific fields are discussed. Important solvent trends include replacement of traditional molecular solvents by ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents and, more recently, increasing discussion around bio-based solvents in some application fields. Furthermore, stimuli-responsive systems are discussed; the most significant developments in this field are seen for CO2-switchable and redox-responsive solvents. Discussed fields of application include hydrocarbons separations, carbon capture, biorefineries, and metals separations. For all but the hydrocarbons separations, newly reported electrochemically mediated separations seem to offer exciting new windows of opportunities.

综述了溶剂型流体分离(涉及至少一种流体相的分离)中最重要的进展。在简要介绍和讨论了溶剂在所有应用领域中观察到的一般趋势之后,讨论了几个具体领域。重要的溶剂发展趋势包括离子液体和深度共晶溶剂取代传统的分子溶剂,以及最近在一些应用领域中对生物基溶剂的讨论越来越多。此外,还讨论了刺激响应系统;该领域最重要的发展是二氧化碳转换和氧化还原反应溶剂。讨论的应用领域包括碳氢化合物分离、碳捕获、生物炼制和金属分离。除了碳氢化合物的分离之外,最近报道的电化学介导的分离似乎提供了令人兴奋的新机会。
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引用次数: 2
Predictive Platforms of Bond Cleavage and Drug Release Kinetics for Macromolecule-Drug Conjugates. 大分子-药物偶联物的键裂解和药物释放动力学预测平台。
IF 8.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-06-07 Epub Date: 2021-03-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-091720-030636
Souvik Ghosal, Javon E Walker, Christopher A Alabi

Macromolecule-drug conjugates (MDCs) occupy a critical niche in modern pharmaceuticals that deals with the assembly and combination of a macromolecular carrier, a drug cargo, and a linker toward the creation of effective therapeutics. Macromolecular carriers such as synthetic biocompatible polymers and proteins are often exploited for their inherent ability to improve drug circulation, prevent off-target drug cytotoxicity, and widen the therapeutic index of drugs. One of the most significant challenges in MDC design involves tuning their drug release kinetics to achieve high spatiotemporal precision. This level of control requires a thorough qualitative and quantitative understanding of the bond cleavage event. In this review, we highlight specific research findings that emphasize the importance of establishing a precise structure-function relationship for MDCs that can be used to predict their bond cleavage and drug release kinetic parameters.

大分子-药物偶联物(MDCs)在现代制药中占有重要地位,它处理大分子载体、药物货物和连接物的组装和组合,以创造有效的治疗方法。合成的生物相容性聚合物和蛋白质等大分子载体因其固有的改善药物循环、防止脱靶药物细胞毒性和扩大药物治疗指数的能力而经常被利用。MDC设计中最重要的挑战之一是调整其药物释放动力学以达到高时空精度。这种水平的控制需要对键解理事件进行彻底的定性和定量理解。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了一些特定的研究结果,这些研究结果强调了建立MDCs精确的结构-功能关系的重要性,该关系可用于预测它们的键裂解和药物释放动力学参数。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering
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