Pub Date : 2023-06-08Epub Date: 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030446
Dirk J Smit, Joseph B Powell
Scientific and engineering capabilities in hydrocarbon supply chains developed over decades in international oil and gas companies (IOCs) uniquely position these companies to drive rapid scale-up and transition to a net-zero emission economy. Flexible large-scale production of energy carriers such as hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and other synthetic fuels produced with low- or zero-emission renewable power, nuclear energy, or hydrogen derived from natural gas with carbon capture and storage will enable long-distance transport and permanent storage options for clean energy. Use of energy carriers can overcome the inherent constraints of a fully electrified energy system by providing the energy and power densities, as well as transport and storage capacity, required to achieve energy supply and security in a net-zero emission economy, and over time allow optimization to the lowest cost for a consumer anywhere on the globe.
{"title":"Role of International Oil Companies in the Net-Zero Emission Energy Transition.","authors":"Dirk J Smit, Joseph B Powell","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030446","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scientific and engineering capabilities in hydrocarbon supply chains developed over decades in international oil and gas companies (IOCs) uniquely position these companies to drive rapid scale-up and transition to a net-zero emission economy. Flexible large-scale production of energy carriers such as hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and other synthetic fuels produced with low- or zero-emission renewable power, nuclear energy, or hydrogen derived from natural gas with carbon capture and storage will enable long-distance transport and permanent storage options for clean energy. Use of energy carriers can overcome the inherent constraints of a fully electrified energy system by providing the energy and power densities, as well as transport and storage capacity, required to achieve energy supply and security in a net-zero emission economy, and over time allow optimization to the lowest cost for a consumer anywhere on the globe.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9596193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-111121
Ting Ma, Alexandra D Easley, Ratul Mitra Thakur, Khirabdhi T Mohanty, Chen Wang, Jodie L Lutkenhaus
The storage of electric energy in a safe and environmentally friendly way is of ever-growing importance for a modern, technology-based society. With future pressures predicted for batteries that contain strategic metals, there is increasing interest in metal-free electrode materials. Among candidate materials, nonconjugated redox-active polymers (NC-RAPs) have advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, good processability, unique electrochemical properties, and precise tuning for different battery chemistries. Here, we review the current state of the art regarding the mechanisms of redox kinetics, molecular design, synthesis, and application of NC-RAPs in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Different redox chemistries are compared, including polyquinones, polyimides, polyketones, sulfur-containing polymers, radical-containing polymers, polyphenylamines, polyphenazines, polyphenothiazines, polyphenoxazines, and polyviologens. We close with cell design principles considering electrolyte optimization and cell configuration. Finally, we point to fundamental and applied areas of future promise for designer NC-RAPs.
{"title":"Nonconjugated Redox-Active Polymers: Electron Transfer Mechanisms, Energy Storage, and Chemical Versatility.","authors":"Ting Ma, Alexandra D Easley, Ratul Mitra Thakur, Khirabdhi T Mohanty, Chen Wang, Jodie L Lutkenhaus","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-111121","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-111121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The storage of electric energy in a safe and environmentally friendly way is of ever-growing importance for a modern, technology-based society. With future pressures predicted for batteries that contain strategic metals, there is increasing interest in metal-free electrode materials. Among candidate materials, nonconjugated redox-active polymers (NC-RAPs) have advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, good processability, unique electrochemical properties, and precise tuning for different battery chemistries. Here, we review the current state of the art regarding the mechanisms of redox kinetics, molecular design, synthesis, and application of NC-RAPs in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Different redox chemistries are compared, including polyquinones, polyimides, polyketones, sulfur-containing polymers, radical-containing polymers, polyphenylamines, polyphenazines, polyphenothiazines, polyphenoxazines, and polyviologens. We close with cell design principles considering electrolyte optimization and cell configuration. Finally, we point to fundamental and applied areas of future promise for designer NC-RAPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9606166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.11648/j.cbe.20220704.11
Kennedy Costa da Conceicao, Patrick Alan Dantas Araujo, Alvaro Silva Lima, Laiza Canielas Krause, Alini Tinoco Fricks, Cleide Mara Farias Soares, Rebeca Yndira Cabrera-Padilla
{"title":"Biodegradation of Textile Dyes by Radish Peroxidase (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) Immobilized on Coconut Fiber","authors":"Kennedy Costa da Conceicao, Patrick Alan Dantas Araujo, Alvaro Silva Lima, Laiza Canielas Krause, Alini Tinoco Fricks, Cleide Mara Farias Soares, Rebeca Yndira Cabrera-Padilla","doi":"10.11648/j.cbe.20220704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20220704.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85188216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10Epub Date: 2022-03-02DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-025140
Antonio Del Rio Flores, Colin C Barber, Maanasa Narayanamoorthy, Di Gu, Yuanbo Shen, Wenjun Zhang
Natural products are a diverse class of biologically produced compounds that participate in fundamental biological processes such as cell signaling, nutrient acquisition, and interference competition. Unique triple-bond functionalities like isonitriles and alkynes often drive bioactivity and may serve as indicators of novel chemical logic and enzymatic machinery. Yet, the biosynthetic underpinnings of these groups remain only partially understood, constraining the opportunity to rationally engineer biomolecules with these functionalities for applications in pharmaceuticals, bioorthogonal chemistry, and other value-added chemical processes. Here, we focus our review on characterized biosynthetic pathways for isonitrile and alkyne functionalities, their bioorthogonal transformations, and prospects for engineering their biosynthetic machinery for biotechnological applications.
{"title":"Biosynthesis of Isonitrile- and Alkyne-Containing Natural Products.","authors":"Antonio Del Rio Flores, Colin C Barber, Maanasa Narayanamoorthy, Di Gu, Yuanbo Shen, Wenjun Zhang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-025140","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-025140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural products are a diverse class of biologically produced compounds that participate in fundamental biological processes such as cell signaling, nutrient acquisition, and interference competition. Unique triple-bond functionalities like isonitriles and alkynes often drive bioactivity and may serve as indicators of novel chemical logic and enzymatic machinery. Yet, the biosynthetic underpinnings of these groups remain only partially understood, constraining the opportunity to rationally engineer biomolecules with these functionalities for applications in pharmaceuticals, bioorthogonal chemistry, and other value-added chemical processes. Here, we focus our review on characterized biosynthetic pathways for isonitrile and alkyne functionalities, their bioorthogonal transformations, and prospects for engineering their biosynthetic machinery for biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9811556/pdf/nihms-1857862.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10484957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10Epub Date: 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120230
Chenru Duan, Aditya Nandy, Heather J Kulik
Machine learning (ML) has become a part of the fabric of high-throughput screening and computational discovery of materials. Despite its increasingly central role, challenges remain in fully realizing the promise of ML. This is especially true for the practical acceleration of the engineering of robust materials and the development of design strategies that surpass trial and error or high-throughput screening alone. Depending on the quantity being predicted and the experimental data available, ML can either outperform physics-based models, be used to accelerate such models, or be integrated with them to improve their performance. We cover recent advances in algorithms and in their application that are starting to make inroads toward (a) the discovery of new materials through large-scale enumerative screening, (b) the design of materials through identification of rules and principles that govern materials properties, and (c) the engineering of practical materials by satisfying multiple objectives. We conclude with opportunities for further advancement to realize ML as a widespread tool for practical computational materials design.
{"title":"Machine Learning for the Discovery, Design, and Engineering of Materials.","authors":"Chenru Duan, Aditya Nandy, Heather J Kulik","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Machine learning (ML) has become a part of the fabric of high-throughput screening and computational discovery of materials. Despite its increasingly central role, challenges remain in fully realizing the promise of ML. This is especially true for the practical acceleration of the engineering of robust materials and the development of design strategies that surpass trial and error or high-throughput screening alone. Depending on the quantity being predicted and the experimental data available, ML can either outperform physics-based models, be used to accelerate such models, or be integrated with them to improve their performance. We cover recent advances in algorithms and in their application that are starting to make inroads toward (<i>a</i>) the discovery of new materials through large-scale enumerative screening, (<i>b</i>) the design of materials through identification of rules and principles that govern materials properties, and (<i>c</i>) the engineering of practical materials by satisfying multiple objectives. We conclude with opportunities for further advancement to realize ML as a widespread tool for practical computational materials design.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10Epub Date: 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092340
Shannon M Hoffman, Allison Y Tang, José L Avalos
Optogenetics has been used in a variety of microbial engineering applications, such as chemical and protein production, studies of cell physiology, and engineered microbe-host interactions. These diverse applications benefit from the precise spatiotemporal control that light affords, as well as its tunability, reversibility, and orthogonality. This combination of unique capabilities has enabled a surge of studies in recent years investigating complex biological systems with completely new approaches. We briefly describe the optogenetic tools that have been developed for microbial engineering, emphasizing the scientific advancements that they have enabled. In particular, we focus on the unique benefits and applications of implementing optogenetic control, from bacterial therapeutics to cybergenetics. Finally, we discuss future research directions, with special attention given to the development of orthogonal multichromatic controls. With an abundance of advantages offered by optogenetics, the future is bright in microbial engineering.
{"title":"Optogenetics Illuminates Applications in Microbial Engineering.","authors":"Shannon M Hoffman, Allison Y Tang, José L Avalos","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optogenetics has been used in a variety of microbial engineering applications, such as chemical and protein production, studies of cell physiology, and engineered microbe-host interactions. These diverse applications benefit from the precise spatiotemporal control that light affords, as well as its tunability, reversibility, and orthogonality. This combination of unique capabilities has enabled a surge of studies in recent years investigating complex biological systems with completely new approaches. We briefly describe the optogenetic tools that have been developed for microbial engineering, emphasizing the scientific advancements that they have enabled. In particular, we focus on the unique benefits and applications of implementing optogenetic control, from bacterial therapeutics to cybergenetics. Finally, we discuss future research directions, with special attention given to the development of orthogonal multichromatic controls. With an abundance of advantages offered by optogenetics, the future is bright in microbial engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10Epub Date: 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100521-085846
Scott R Nicholson, Julie E Rorrer, Avantika Singh, Mikhail O Konev, Nicholas A Rorrer, Alberta C Carpenter, Alan J Jacobsen, Yuriy Román-Leshkov, Gregg T Beckham
There is an urgent need for new technologies to enable circularity for synthetic polymers, spurred by the accumulation of waste plastics in landfills and the environment and the contributions of plastics manufacturing to climate change. Chemical recycling is a promising means to convert waste plastics into molecular intermediates that can be remanufactured into new products. Given the growing interest in the development of new chemical recycling approaches, it is critical to evaluate the economics, energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and other life cycle inventory metrics for emerging processes,relative to the incumbent, linear manufacturing practices employed today. Here we offer specific definitions for classes of chemical recycling and upcycling and describe general process concepts for the chemical recycling of mixed plastics waste. We present a framework for techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment for both closed- and open-loop chemical recycling. Rigorous application of these process analysis tools will be required to enable impactful solutions for the plastics waste problem.
{"title":"The Critical Role of Process Analysis in Chemical Recycling and Upcycling of Waste Plastics.","authors":"Scott R Nicholson, Julie E Rorrer, Avantika Singh, Mikhail O Konev, Nicholas A Rorrer, Alberta C Carpenter, Alan J Jacobsen, Yuriy Román-Leshkov, Gregg T Beckham","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100521-085846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100521-085846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an urgent need for new technologies to enable circularity for synthetic polymers, spurred by the accumulation of waste plastics in landfills and the environment and the contributions of plastics manufacturing to climate change. Chemical recycling is a promising means to convert waste plastics into molecular intermediates that can be remanufactured into new products. Given the growing interest in the development of new chemical recycling approaches, it is critical to evaluate the economics, energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and other life cycle inventory metrics for emerging processes,relative to the incumbent, linear manufacturing practices employed today. Here we offer specific definitions for classes of chemical recycling and upcycling and describe general process concepts for the chemical recycling of mixed plastics waste. We present a framework for techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment for both closed- and open-loop chemical recycling. Rigorous application of these process analysis tools will be required to enable impactful solutions for the plastics waste problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030223
Jasmin J. Samaras, M. Micheletti, W. Ding
Single-use technologies have transformed conventional biopharmaceutical manufacturing, and their adoption is increasing rapidly for emerging applications like antibody-drug conjugates and cell and gene therapy products. These disruptive technologies have also had a significant impact during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, helping to advance process development to enable the manufacturing of new monoclonal antibody therapies and vaccines. Single-use systems provide closed plug-and-play solutions and enable process intensification and continuous processing. Several challenges remain, providing opportunities to advance single-use sensors and their integration with single-use systems, to develop novel plastic materials, and to standardize design for interchangeability. Because the industry is changing rapidly, a holistic analysis of the current single-use technologies is required, with a summary of the latest advancements in materials science and the implementation of these technologies in end-to-end bioprocesses.
{"title":"Transformation of Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Through Single-Use Technologies: Current State, Remaining Challenges, and Future Development.","authors":"Jasmin J. Samaras, M. Micheletti, W. Ding","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030223","url":null,"abstract":"Single-use technologies have transformed conventional biopharmaceutical manufacturing, and their adoption is increasing rapidly for emerging applications like antibody-drug conjugates and cell and gene therapy products. These disruptive technologies have also had a significant impact during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, helping to advance process development to enable the manufacturing of new monoclonal antibody therapies and vaccines. Single-use systems provide closed plug-and-play solutions and enable process intensification and continuous processing. Several challenges remain, providing opportunities to advance single-use sensors and their integration with single-use systems, to develop novel plastic materials, and to standardize design for interchangeability. Because the industry is changing rapidly, a holistic analysis of the current single-use technologies is required, with a summary of the latest advancements in materials science and the implementation of these technologies in end-to-end bioprocesses.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092914
Tora Gao, Y. Chen
T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have shown remarkable success in treating B-cell malignancies, reflected by multiple US Food and Drug Administration-approved CAR-T cell products currently on the market. However, various obstacles have thus far limited the use of approved products and constrained the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy against solid tumors. Overcoming these obstacles will necessitate multidimensional CAR-T cell engineering approaches and better understanding of the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME). Key challenges include treatment-related toxicity, antigen escape and heterogeneity, and the highly immunosuppressive profile of the TME. Notably, the hypoxic and nutrient-deprived nature of the TME severely attenuates CAR-T cell fitness and efficacy, highlighting the need for more sophisticated engineering strategies. In this review, we examine recent advances in protein- and cell-engineering strategies to improve CAR-T cell safety and efficacy, with an emphasis on overcoming immunosuppression induced by tumor metabolism and hypoxia.
{"title":"Engineering Next-Generation CAR-T Cells: Overcoming Tumor Hypoxia and Metabolism.","authors":"Tora Gao, Y. Chen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092914","url":null,"abstract":"T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have shown remarkable success in treating B-cell malignancies, reflected by multiple US Food and Drug Administration-approved CAR-T cell products currently on the market. However, various obstacles have thus far limited the use of approved products and constrained the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy against solid tumors. Overcoming these obstacles will necessitate multidimensional CAR-T cell engineering approaches and better understanding of the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME). Key challenges include treatment-related toxicity, antigen escape and heterogeneity, and the highly immunosuppressive profile of the TME. Notably, the hypoxic and nutrient-deprived nature of the TME severely attenuates CAR-T cell fitness and efficacy, highlighting the need for more sophisticated engineering strategies. In this review, we examine recent advances in protein- and cell-engineering strategies to improve CAR-T cell safety and efficacy, with an emphasis on overcoming immunosuppression induced by tumor metabolism and hypoxia.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10Epub Date: 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030853
Andrea Joseph, Elizabeth Nance
Brain disease remains a significant health, social, and economic burden with a high failure rate of translation of therapeutics to the clinic. Nanotherapeutics have represented a promising area of technology investment to improve drug bioavailability and delivery to the brain, with several successes for nanotherapeutic use for central nervous system disease that are currently in the clinic. However, renewed and continued research on the treatment of neurological disorders is critically needed. We explore the challenges of drug delivery to the brain and the ways in which nanotherapeutics can overcome these challenges. We provide a summary and overview of general design principles that can be applied to nanotherapeutics for uptake and penetration in the brain. We next highlight remaining questions that limit the translational potential of nanotherapeutics for application in the clinic. Lastly, we provide recommendations for ongoing preclinical research to improve the overall success of nanotherapeutics against neurological disease.
{"title":"Nanotherapeutics and the Brain.","authors":"Andrea Joseph, Elizabeth Nance","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain disease remains a significant health, social, and economic burden with a high failure rate of translation of therapeutics to the clinic. Nanotherapeutics have represented a promising area of technology investment to improve drug bioavailability and delivery to the brain, with several successes for nanotherapeutic use for central nervous system disease that are currently in the clinic. However, renewed and continued research on the treatment of neurological disorders is critically needed. We explore the challenges of drug delivery to the brain and the ways in which nanotherapeutics can overcome these challenges. We provide a summary and overview of general design principles that can be applied to nanotherapeutics for uptake and penetration in the brain. We next highlight remaining questions that limit the translational potential of nanotherapeutics for application in the clinic. Lastly, we provide recommendations for ongoing preclinical research to improve the overall success of nanotherapeutics against neurological disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9236656/pdf/nihms-1816358.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}