Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119141
S. Ahmed, G. Happi, Désiré Soh, S. Salau
As a follow-up to earlier reported works on the phytochemical study of some isolated bioactive compounds from the root and bark of Entandrophragma congoënse as potent anti-plasmodium drugs (Happi et. al.2005), some of the isolated compounds were tested in vitro for antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity but no insight was given into the binding affinities of these compounds, the ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity), drug-likeness studies as well as molecular dynamics simulation of some of the isolates. Hence, a total of 21 compounds including 19 isolates and 2 standard drugs were computationally studied for antimalarial activity against the target receptor with Protein Data Bank code (PDB code: 5TBO), but only 4 of the isolated compounds (L1, L2, L4 and L15) showed promise potent hits against Plasmodium. The results of molecular docking, ADMET studies and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that compound L15, when isolated, can alone, or together with other qualified compounds such as L1, L2 and L4 provide a better inhibition rating compared to Chloroquine® (L21) the FDA-approved drug for the treatment of malaria.
{"title":"Molecular Docking, Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies of Some Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Entandrophragma congoënse for Antiplasmodial Activity","authors":"S. Ahmed, G. Happi, Désiré Soh, S. Salau","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119141","url":null,"abstract":"As a follow-up to earlier reported works on the phytochemical study of some isolated bioactive compounds from the root and bark of Entandrophragma congoënse as potent anti-plasmodium drugs (Happi et. al.2005), some of the isolated compounds were tested in vitro for antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity but no insight was given into the binding affinities of these compounds, the ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity), drug-likeness studies as well as molecular dynamics simulation of some of the isolates. Hence, a total of 21 compounds including 19 isolates and 2 standard drugs were computationally studied for antimalarial activity against the target receptor with Protein Data Bank code (PDB code: 5TBO), but only 4 of the isolated compounds (L1, L2, L4 and L15) showed promise potent hits against Plasmodium. The results of molecular docking, ADMET studies and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that compound L15, when isolated, can alone, or together with other qualified compounds such as L1, L2 and L4 provide a better inhibition rating compared to Chloroquine® (L21) the FDA-approved drug for the treatment of malaria.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83971435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119140
Mengyu Wang, Zhu Zhu
The chemical separation process is a necessary unit operation to obtain qualified purity products. The design and operation control of the separation device are very important. Due to the numerous parameters that affect the separation efficiency and product purity, it is very difficult to optimize by traditional methods. Artificial neural network (ANN) has strong fault tolerance because of its self-learning, self-organization, self-adaptive and strong nonlinear function approximation ability. ANN can be used to map the complex nonlinear relationship between dependent variables and independent variables, and can be used for the design and control of chemical separation devices. This paper summarizes the characteristics of artificial neural network and several important artificial neural network models, and discusses the application of artificial neural network in different chemical separation processes.
{"title":"Application of Artificial Neural Network in Chemical Separation Process","authors":"Mengyu Wang, Zhu Zhu","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119140","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical separation process is a necessary unit operation to obtain qualified purity products. The design and operation control of the separation device are very important. Due to the numerous parameters that affect the separation efficiency and product purity, it is very difficult to optimize by traditional methods. Artificial neural network (ANN) has strong fault tolerance because of its self-learning, self-organization, self-adaptive and strong nonlinear function approximation ability. ANN can be used to map the complex nonlinear relationship between dependent variables and independent variables, and can be used for the design and control of chemical separation devices. This paper summarizes the characteristics of artificial neural network and several important artificial neural network models, and discusses the application of artificial neural network in different chemical separation processes.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81065499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119139
M. S. Mohammed, H. El-Feky, T. Mohammed, S. Shama
A straightforward, sensitive, and quick spectrophotometric approach was created and validated for the detection of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, Moxifloxacin hydrochloride, and Roxithromycin hydrochloride in pure form. These techniques were based upon the fact that these antibiotics produced dark yellow ion pairs when combined with bromophenol blue. The binary complex in universal buffer solution of the optimum pH values was demonstrated at absorption maxima at 633 nm, 632 nm, and 633 nm for the three drugs, respectively, with bromophenol blue. Various parameters, such as the effect of time and the effect of reagent concentration, were optimized. Beer’s law plots were obeyed in the concentration ranges 2– 8 µg ml-1, 1– 4 µg ml-1, and 1– 6 µg ml-1, for the three drugs, respectively, with bromophenol blue. The detection limits were found to be 1.65, 0.83 and 0.79 μg mL-1, respectively, for Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, Moxifloxacin hydrochloride, and Roxithromycin hydrochloride with bromophenol blue. The correlation coefficient value suggests that all three systems are linearly consistent.
{"title":"Spectrophotometric determination of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride, Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride and Roxithromycin Hydrochloride in Pure Form","authors":"M. S. Mohammed, H. El-Feky, T. Mohammed, S. Shama","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119139","url":null,"abstract":"A straightforward, sensitive, and quick spectrophotometric approach was created and validated for the detection of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, Moxifloxacin hydrochloride, and Roxithromycin hydrochloride in pure form. These techniques were based upon the fact that these antibiotics produced dark yellow ion pairs when combined with bromophenol blue. The binary complex in universal buffer solution of the optimum pH values was demonstrated at absorption maxima at 633 nm, 632 nm, and 633 nm for the three drugs, respectively, with bromophenol blue. Various parameters, such as the effect of time and the effect of reagent concentration, were optimized. Beer’s law plots were obeyed in the concentration ranges 2– 8 µg ml-1, 1– 4 µg ml-1, and 1– 6 µg ml-1, for the three drugs, respectively, with bromophenol blue. The detection limits were found to be 1.65, 0.83 and 0.79 μg mL-1, respectively, for Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, Moxifloxacin hydrochloride, and Roxithromycin hydrochloride with bromophenol blue. The correlation coefficient value suggests that all three systems are linearly consistent.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73077295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-08DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119137
V. N. Nwobasi, P. Igbokwe, A. Okewale
In this work, Box-Behnken”s Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to study the esterification reaction effectiveness of Ngbo pillarred activated clay catalyst. The esterification was monitored based on temperature, time duration, amount of reactant, catalyst weight, and particle size. The Box--Behnken’s Response Surface Methodology indicates that the pillarred clay-catalyzed esterification reactions proceed through dual Acid-complex and Alcohol-complex mechanisms, with the Alcohol mechanism dominating. The esterification efficiencies of acetic acid and ethanol by acid-activated Ngbo clay catalyst optimized using RSM models indicated the estimated esterification percentage of ˃99%. The predicted and experimental values under the same conditions showed less than 5% difference, making the Box-Behnken design approach an efficient, effective, and reliable method for the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol. The produced catalyst was optimized using A-One way ANOVA modelling, which indicated the correlation coefficient of the regression of 0.8674, implying that 86.74% of the total variation in the esterification reaction was attributed to the experimental variables. The result obtained indicated that the process could be applied in the esterification of acetic acid to avoid the drawbacks of corrosion, loss of catalyst and environmental problems.
本文采用Box-Behnken响应面法(RSM)研究了Ngbo柱状活性粘土催化剂的酯化反应效果。根据温度、时间、反应物的数量、催化剂的重量和颗粒大小来监测酯化过程。Box- Behnken响应面方法表明，柱状黏土催化的酯化反应通过酸-配合物和醇-配合物双重机制进行，醇机制占主导地位。用RSM模型优化了酸活化的Ngbo粘土催化剂对乙酸和乙醇的酯化效率，估计酯化率为99%。在相同条件下，预测值与实验值相差小于5%，说明Box-Behnken设计方法是一种高效、有效、可靠的醋酸与乙醇酯化反应方法。采用A-One - way ANOVA模型对所得催化剂进行优化，结果表明，相关系数为0.8674，表明酯化反应总变化的86.74%归因于实验变量。结果表明，该工艺可用于醋酸酯化反应，避免了酯化反应中存在的腐蚀、催化剂损耗和环境问题。
{"title":"Empirical Modelling and Optimization of Ngbo Pillarred Activated Clay Catalysts using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"V. N. Nwobasi, P. Igbokwe, A. Okewale","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119137","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, Box-Behnken”s Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to study the esterification reaction effectiveness of Ngbo pillarred activated clay catalyst. The esterification was monitored based on temperature, time duration, amount of reactant, catalyst weight, and particle size. The Box--Behnken’s Response Surface Methodology indicates that the pillarred clay-catalyzed esterification reactions proceed through dual Acid-complex and Alcohol-complex mechanisms, with the Alcohol mechanism dominating. The esterification efficiencies of acetic acid and ethanol by acid-activated Ngbo clay catalyst optimized using RSM models indicated the estimated esterification percentage of ˃99%. The predicted and experimental values under the same conditions showed less than 5% difference, making the Box-Behnken design approach an efficient, effective, and reliable method for the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol. The produced catalyst was optimized using A-One way ANOVA modelling, which indicated the correlation coefficient of the regression of 0.8674, implying that 86.74% of the total variation in the esterification reaction was attributed to the experimental variables. The result obtained indicated that the process could be applied in the esterification of acetic acid to avoid the drawbacks of corrosion, loss of catalyst and environmental problems.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75613778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-06DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119135
Muzhda Azizi, Sabia Hasam, D. Qarizada
The mean aim of this study is poppy plant with two important compounds of that poppy seed and opium which those are produced and used by people of world especially in a poor country like Afghanistan, the poppy seed used in bakery products, in pastry filling in deserts and the production of edible oil, also opium used as a drug. These contain morphine, thebaine, papaverine, codeine and narcotic which 20%, 1%,1%, (5-8)% respectively. According to, Bozan, B., & Temelli, F. the proximate analysis of poppy seed shown the low content of moisture that is 5.3%, high content of crude fat 49.9% also it has ash, carbohydrate, and crude protein by parentage of 5.1%, 18.3%, and 21.6% respectively. As well as they include practically all essential amino acids, except for tryptophan, and are high in oil, carbs, calcium, and proteins. Poppyseed and opium as used for increasing the economic situation of the government of Afghanistan while surveys by (UNODC) from 2000 to 2020 in metric tons per year, the production of poppy seed increase from 3200 to 8200. The risk of addiction to opium smoking appears to be slightly lower than that of parenteral heroin use, but significantly higher than that of alcohol. Even in countries where its use is common, opium smoking poses significant health and social risks.
{"title":"Production of Poppy Seed in Afghanistan and its Composition Effects: A Review","authors":"Muzhda Azizi, Sabia Hasam, D. Qarizada","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119135","url":null,"abstract":"The mean aim of this study is poppy plant with two important compounds of that poppy seed and opium which those are produced and used by people of world especially in a poor country like Afghanistan, the poppy seed used in bakery products, in pastry filling in deserts and the production of edible oil, also opium used as a drug. These contain morphine, thebaine, papaverine, codeine and narcotic which 20%, 1%,1%, (5-8)% respectively. According to, Bozan, B., & Temelli, F. the proximate analysis of poppy seed shown the low content of moisture that is 5.3%, high content of crude fat 49.9% also it has ash, carbohydrate, and crude protein by parentage of 5.1%, 18.3%, and 21.6% respectively. As well as they include practically all essential amino acids, except for tryptophan, and are high in oil, carbs, calcium, and proteins. Poppyseed and opium as used for increasing the economic situation of the government of Afghanistan while surveys by (UNODC) from 2000 to 2020 in metric tons per year, the production of poppy seed increase from 3200 to 8200. The risk of addiction to opium smoking appears to be slightly lower than that of parenteral heroin use, but significantly higher than that of alcohol. Even in countries where its use is common, opium smoking poses significant health and social risks.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89346012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119134
Nathaniel A. Dianito, Flyndon Mark S. Dagalea, M. G. Vicencio, K. M. C. Lim
Nanoparticles have all kinds of unexpected benefits in different fields and industry. For this reason, the demand for nanoparticles is increasing at overwhelming rate the increased demand resulted to increase in production. Conventional method in synthesizing nanoparticles have been reported to be capital intensive, inefficient in materials and energy use. Because of this, researchers are leaning to biological method in synthesizing NPs. In this study, aqueous leaf extract of Melothria pendula Linn. (Pipinong-gubat) was used to biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the biosynthesized nanoparticle underwent physicochemical and antibacterial analysis. Physical and chemical properties of leaf extract have been determine having an black color, pleasant odor, boiling point of 94.3°C, density of 0.94g/mL, pH of 8 slightly basic and polar in both water and ethanol and non-polar in hexane. Secondary metabolites that are present in leaf extract are alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. Having a coloration of yellowish-brown, the synthesized AgNPs was characterized using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer that the resulting peak confirm the formation of AgNps, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) determined the functional group that was present and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) determined the surface morphology that shows AgNps in agglomeration state at a magnification of (a) 1000 k (b) 2000 k (c) 3000 k (d) 4000 k and a diameter of (a) 100 um (b) 30 um (c) 30 um (d) 20 um. In terms with its antibacterial result, it was found out to be effective against S. aureus and E. coli. It has a clear zone of inhibition of 5mm in S. aureus and 3.67mm in E.coli. Furthermore, statistical treatment shows that there is no significant in antibacterial activity between positive control (Chloramphenicol) and sample (AgNPs). This implies that the sample could be a substitute to the market as antibacterial agent against S. aureus and E. coli.
纳米粒子在不同的领域和工业中有着各种意想不到的好处。由于这个原因，对纳米颗粒的需求正在以压倒性的速度增长，需求的增加导致了产量的增加。据报道，传统的纳米颗粒合成方法是资本密集型的，在材料和能源使用方面效率低下。正因为如此，研究人员倾向于用生物学方法合成NPs。本研究以山葵叶水提物为主要成分。(Pipinong-gubat)用于生物合成银纳米粒子(AgNPs)，并对合成的银纳米粒子进行了理化和抗菌分析。测定了叶提取物的理化性质，其颜色为黑色，气味宜人，沸点为94.3℃，密度为0.94g/mL, pH为8，在水和乙醇中均为微碱性极性，在己烷中为非极性。叶提取物的次生代谢产物有生物碱、皂苷和萜类。黄棕的颜色后,合成AgNPs特点是使用紫外可见分光光度计,由此产生的峰值确定AgNPs的形成,傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)确定存在的官能团和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)决定了表面形态的放大显示AgNPs聚集状态(a) 1000 k (b) 2000 k (c) 4000 k和3000 k (d)直径(a) 100 30嗯嗯(b) (c) 30 20嗯嗯(d)。抑菌效果方面，对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均有较好的抑菌效果。对金黄色葡萄球菌有明显的抑制区，对大肠杆菌有3.67mm的抑制区。此外，统计处理表明，阳性对照(氯霉素)与样品(AgNPs)之间的抗菌活性无显著性差异。这意味着该样品可以替代市场上的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌剂。
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Melothria pendula Linn. (Pipinong-Gubat) Leaf Extract","authors":"Nathaniel A. Dianito, Flyndon Mark S. Dagalea, M. G. Vicencio, K. M. C. Lim","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v12i119134","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles have all kinds of unexpected benefits in different fields and industry. For this reason, the demand for nanoparticles is increasing at overwhelming rate the increased demand resulted to increase in production. Conventional method in synthesizing nanoparticles have been reported to be capital intensive, inefficient in materials and energy use. Because of this, researchers are leaning to biological method in synthesizing NPs. In this study, aqueous leaf extract of Melothria pendula Linn. (Pipinong-gubat) was used to biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the biosynthesized nanoparticle underwent physicochemical and antibacterial analysis. Physical and chemical properties of leaf extract have been determine having an black color, pleasant odor, boiling point of 94.3°C, density of 0.94g/mL, pH of 8 slightly basic and polar in both water and ethanol and non-polar in hexane. Secondary metabolites that are present in leaf extract are alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. Having a coloration of yellowish-brown, the synthesized AgNPs was characterized using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer that the resulting peak confirm the formation of AgNps, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) determined the functional group that was present and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) determined the surface morphology that shows AgNps in agglomeration state at a magnification of (a) 1000 k (b) 2000 k (c) 3000 k (d) 4000 k and a diameter of (a) 100 um (b) 30 um (c) 30 um (d) 20 um. In terms with its antibacterial result, it was found out to be effective against S. aureus and E. coli. It has a clear zone of inhibition of 5mm in S. aureus and 3.67mm in E.coli. Furthermore, statistical treatment shows that there is no significant in antibacterial activity between positive control (Chloramphenicol) and sample (AgNPs). This implies that the sample could be a substitute to the market as antibacterial agent against S. aureus and E. coli.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90934199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419133
Ozoemena Ifeoma Juliet, Ibrahim Bilikisu Onize, Eniolorunda Tolulope Praise, Agbane Isaac Ojodomo, Yusuf Aminat, N. Raimi
Due to their high inhibitory action against Escherichia coli (E. coli), the rise of multidrug-resistant strains of the bacteria necessitates the testing and development of a new set of Schiff bases as anti-E. coli agents worldwide. In this study, the Genetic function approximation (GFA) Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyzes selected Schiff bases with anti-E. coli activity. This was done using different molecular descriptors and Hansch's approach, which results in the production of one statistically significant hepta parameter model as the strongest model with a squared correlation coefficient (R2) = 0.828, adjusted squared correlation coefficient (R2adj) = 0.775, cross-validated correlation coefficient (Q2) = 0.691, Difference between R2 and Q2, Q2 (R2 - Q2) = 0.137, external prediction (R2pred.) = 0.751 and lack of fit (LOF) of 0.067 value were selected as the best model based on its sound statistical parameters. The development model demonstrated the predominance of the descriptors Minimum H E State (Hmin) and Valence path order 6 (VP-6) in influencing the observed anti-E. coli activity of Schiff bases. Insilico techniques can certainly provide a quick, inexpensive and safe quantitative risk assessment for this class of compounds. It is envisaged that the QSAR results discovered in this work will provide crucial structural insights towards the design of effective anti-E. coli drugs based on Schiff bases
{"title":"Molecular Mechanics-Based Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Study on the Inhibitory Activity of Some Schiff Bases against Escherichia coli","authors":"Ozoemena Ifeoma Juliet, Ibrahim Bilikisu Onize, Eniolorunda Tolulope Praise, Agbane Isaac Ojodomo, Yusuf Aminat, N. Raimi","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419133","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their high inhibitory action against Escherichia coli (E. coli), the rise of multidrug-resistant strains of the bacteria necessitates the testing and development of a new set of Schiff bases as anti-E. coli agents worldwide. In this study, the Genetic function approximation (GFA) Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyzes selected Schiff bases with anti-E. coli activity. This was done using different molecular descriptors and Hansch's approach, which results in the production of one statistically significant hepta parameter model as the strongest model with a squared correlation coefficient (R2) = 0.828, adjusted squared correlation coefficient (R2adj) = 0.775, cross-validated correlation coefficient (Q2) = 0.691, Difference between R2 and Q2, Q2 (R2 - Q2) = 0.137, external prediction (R2pred.) = 0.751 and lack of fit (LOF) of 0.067 value were selected as the best model based on its sound statistical parameters. The development model demonstrated the predominance of the descriptors Minimum H E State (Hmin) and Valence path order 6 (VP-6) in influencing the observed anti-E. coli activity of Schiff bases. Insilico techniques can certainly provide a quick, inexpensive and safe quantitative risk assessment for this class of compounds. It is envisaged that the QSAR results discovered in this work will provide crucial structural insights towards the design of effective anti-E. coli drugs based on Schiff bases","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90261847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419132
Joan M. Pangyan, Lady Vaniza L. Guntiñas, Leonel P. Lumogdang
The study aimed to evaluate the organoleptic properties and percent (%) free fatty acid (FFA) content of cooking oil, namely Coconut oil, palm oil, and Canola oil, in the selected stores of Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental Philippines. The study compared the organoleptic properties and % FFA of the cooking oil to the Codex standard of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The study was conducted from August to December 2021. The post-product organoleptic evaluation of organoleptic properties and % FFA content in cooking oils can aid in determining the FFA safety level of cooking oil. A total of 15 samples (10 mL each) of Coconut, Palm and Canola oil were randomly collected from five selected stores. The organoleptic properties of collected oil samples were evaluated by direct inspection following the protocol by Dentali (2013). Free Fatty Acids (FFA) were analyzed using a titration method approved by the American Oil Chemist Society (AOCS). Results revealed that the color of coconut oil samples from the selected stores was very light yellow; canola oils were light yellow, and palm oils from the same stores had a golden yellow color. The taste and odor of coconut, palm, and canola oil samples were neutral, as well as the odor. The organoleptic characteristics of the oil samples were within the Codex Standard of FAO; thus, the products were compliant to the Codex standard. The percentage of FFA content showed that Coconut oil and Canola oil had lower FFA content compared to Palm oil. The average FFA values for each oil group were all compliant to the 2% limit set by industry standards.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Organoleptic Properties and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) of Cooking Oil in the Selected Stores of Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental, Philippines","authors":"Joan M. Pangyan, Lady Vaniza L. Guntiñas, Leonel P. Lumogdang","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419132","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the organoleptic properties and percent (%) free fatty acid (FFA) content of cooking oil, namely Coconut oil, palm oil, and Canola oil, in the selected stores of Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental Philippines. The study compared the organoleptic properties and % FFA of the cooking oil to the Codex standard of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The study was conducted from August to December 2021. The post-product organoleptic evaluation of organoleptic properties and % FFA content in cooking oils can aid in determining the FFA safety level of cooking oil. A total of 15 samples (10 mL each) of Coconut, Palm and Canola oil were randomly collected from five selected stores. The organoleptic properties of collected oil samples were evaluated by direct inspection following the protocol by Dentali (2013). Free Fatty Acids (FFA) were analyzed using a titration method approved by the American Oil Chemist Society (AOCS). Results revealed that the color of coconut oil samples from the selected stores was very light yellow; canola oils were light yellow, and palm oils from the same stores had a golden yellow color. The taste and odor of coconut, palm, and canola oil samples were neutral, as well as the odor. The organoleptic characteristics of the oil samples were within the Codex Standard of FAO; thus, the products were compliant to the Codex standard. The percentage of FFA content showed that Coconut oil and Canola oil had lower FFA content compared to Palm oil. The average FFA values for each oil group were all compliant to the 2% limit set by industry standards.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85138198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419130
F. Camellia, M. Ashrafuzzaman, Md. Nazrul Islam, L. Banu, M. Kudrat-E-Zahan
Cr3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions complexes of the Schiff base ligand, N-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone (L1), were synthesized and characterized by analytical and physicochemical techniques including conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR Spectroscopy, UV-Visible Spectrophotometry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). IR data revealed the bidentate nature of the L1. IR, TGA, Magnetic moment measurements and UV-Vis spectra data confirmed the octahedral geometry for the Cr3+, Co2+, and Cu2+ ion complexes, square planar geometry for the Ni2+ complex and tetrahedral structure for the Zn2+ ion complex. The antibacterial activity of the metal complexes derived from the L1 ligand were tested against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. All produced complexes demonstrated strong antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa when compared to standard Kanamycin-30, with the greatest for the Ni2+ complex. On the other hand, when compared to all compounds, the Zn2+ complex demonstrated strong antibacterial efficacy against E. coli. Furthermore, the synthesized metal complexes exhibited moderate antioxidant activity than the L1. The antioxidant activity was found to follow the following sequence: BHT > CuL1 > CrL1 > NiL1 > CoL1 > ZnL1 > L1.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Study of Some Transition Metal Complexes of N-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone and Investigation of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties","authors":"F. Camellia, M. Ashrafuzzaman, Md. Nazrul Islam, L. Banu, M. Kudrat-E-Zahan","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419130","url":null,"abstract":"Cr3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions complexes of the Schiff base ligand, N-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone (L1), were synthesized and characterized by analytical and physicochemical techniques including conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR Spectroscopy, UV-Visible Spectrophotometry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). IR data revealed the bidentate nature of the L1. IR, TGA, Magnetic moment measurements and UV-Vis spectra data confirmed the octahedral geometry for the Cr3+, Co2+, and Cu2+ ion complexes, square planar geometry for the Ni2+ complex and tetrahedral structure for the Zn2+ ion complex. The antibacterial activity of the metal complexes derived from the L1 ligand were tested against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. All produced complexes demonstrated strong antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa when compared to standard Kanamycin-30, with the greatest for the Ni2+ complex. On the other hand, when compared to all compounds, the Zn2+ complex demonstrated strong antibacterial efficacy against E. coli. Furthermore, the synthesized metal complexes exhibited moderate antioxidant activity than the L1. The antioxidant activity was found to follow the following sequence: BHT > CuL1 > CrL1 > NiL1 > CoL1 > ZnL1 > L1.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76083096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419131
F. Camellia, M. Ashrafuzzaman, Md. Nazrul Islam, L. Banu, M. K. Zahan
Transition metal complexes of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ with the Schiff base ligand, N-(2-methoxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone, (L1) were synthesized by the conventional condensation approach. Ligand and its metal were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, Magnetic moment measurements and Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. IR spectra revealed that the Schiff base ligand coordinated to the metal ion through nitrogen (N) of azomethine group and oxygen (O) of carbonyl group. IR data coupled with TGA analysis confirmed the presence of coordinated water molecules. Antibacterial activity for both ligand and its complexes were investigated against some pathogenic bacteria and the best activity was observed in the case of the CuL1 against E. coli when compared with standard drug, Kanamycin-30. The antioxidant activity of the CuL1 complex was the greatest among all the complexes when compared to that of BHT.
{"title":"Isoniazid Derived Schiff Base Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Stability, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity Study","authors":"F. Camellia, M. Ashrafuzzaman, Md. Nazrul Islam, L. Banu, M. K. Zahan","doi":"10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2022/v11i419131","url":null,"abstract":"Transition metal complexes of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ with the Schiff base ligand, N-(2-methoxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone, (L1) were synthesized by the conventional condensation approach. Ligand and its metal were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, Magnetic moment measurements and Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. IR spectra revealed that the Schiff base ligand coordinated to the metal ion through nitrogen (N) of azomethine group and oxygen (O) of carbonyl group. IR data coupled with TGA analysis confirmed the presence of coordinated water molecules. Antibacterial activity for both ligand and its complexes were investigated against some pathogenic bacteria and the best activity was observed in the case of the CuL1 against E. coli when compared with standard drug, Kanamycin-30. The antioxidant activity of the CuL1 complex was the greatest among all the complexes when compared to that of BHT.","PeriodicalId":8505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80410560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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