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A compendious review of Chitraka Haritaki Avaleha - A polyherbal Ayurveda formulation for bronchial asthma. 一个简短的回顾Chitraka Haritaki avalha -一种治疗支气管哮喘的阿育吠陀配方。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_340_20
Sagar Mahendrabhai Bhinde, Sonam Sagar Bhinde, Virendra K Kori, Kalpana S Patel

Introduction: Avaleha (confection) is an unique dosage form of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, which is frequently prescribed in various disorders and especially in respiratory disorders. Chitraka Haritaki Avaleha (CHA) is one such formulation being used extensively by Ayurveda physicians for bronchial asthma, despite its classical use in various other disorders too. CHA was first time described by Vrindamadhava in the 9th century and had been amended for many times till today. Because of its demand, many pharmaceutical companies are also manufacturing it, and is freely available in the market.

Aim: The aim is to screen and compile references pertaining to composition, method of preparation, therapeutic uses, organoleptic, and physico-chemical parameters of CHA from different classics and original research articles.

Materials and methods: Description of CHA was extensively reviewed from Vrindamadhava, Chakradatta, Vangasena, Gadanigraha, Yogatarangini, Bhaishjya Ratnavali and Yogaratnakara. Synonyms, Rasapanchaka (Ayurveda principles of drug action), and Dosha Karma (therapeutic attributes) of ingredients were compiled from Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Organoleptic and physicochemical parameters were compiled from original research articles, searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate.

Results: Variations in formulation name, ingredients, method of preparation, therapeutic indications and Anupana (adjuvant) was observed in the classical texts. Value of water-soluble extracts and pH of analytical study was found different than Ayurveda Pharmacopeia of India standards.

Conclusion: Screening through various texts revealed that CHA has been mentioned in seven classical treatises and two gazetted texts with amendments which indicate its high demand and clinical efficacy in bronchial asthma along with other diseases. Disparity found in analytical parameters indicates the need of standardization of pharmaceutical process.

简介:阿瓦莱哈(糖果)是一种独特的阿育吠陀药物剂型,经常用于各种疾病,特别是呼吸系统疾病。Chitraka Haritaki Avaleha (CHA)就是一种这样的配方,被阿育吠陀医生广泛用于支气管哮喘,尽管它也被用于其他各种疾病。CHA在9世纪由温达摩达瓦首次描述,并被多次修改,直到今天。由于其需求,许多制药公司也在生产它,并在市场上免费提供。目的:从不同的经典文献和原创研究文章中筛选和整理有关CHA的组成、制备方法、治疗用途、感官和理化参数等方面的文献。材料和方法:从Vrindamadhava、Chakradatta、Vangasena、Gadanigraha、Yogatarangini、Bhaishjya Ratnavali和Yogaratnakara等文献对CHA的描述进行了广泛的综述。同义词,Rasapanchaka(阿育吠陀药物作用原理)和Dosha Karma(治疗属性)成分汇编自Bhavaprakasha Nighantu。感官和物理化学参数编译自原始研究文章,检索自PubMed、Google Scholar和research Gate。结果:各经典文献在剂名、成分、制备方法、治疗指征、佐剂等方面均有差异。分析研究发现水溶性提取物的值和pH值与印度阿育吠陀药典标准不同。结论:通过各种文献筛选发现,CHA在7篇经典论著和2篇经修订的公报文献中被提及,表明其在支气管哮喘等疾病中的需求量和临床疗效。分析参数的差异表明了制药工艺标准化的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of nutritional value and antioxidant activity of root and leaf of Samarakhai (Byttneria herbacea Roxb.): An extra pharmacopoeial herb. 一种额外的药典草本植物——菝葜(Byttneria herbacea Roxb.)根和叶的营养价值和抗氧化活性评价。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_270_18
Tarun Sharma, Rabinarayan Acharya

Background: Samarakhai (Byttneria herbacea Roxb.), family Sterculiaceae, is one of the reputed folklore medicinal herbs, found in many parts of India. Although consumed as a vegetable since long time, its root and leaves are not yet reported for its nutritive value and antioxidant activities.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional value and antioxidant potential of root and leaf of B. herbacea Roxb.

Materials and methods: Nutritional parameters such as carbohydrate, fat, protein, energy value, calcium, iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus and vitamin C were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through three test methods, i.e., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and phosphomolybdenum assay.

Results: B. herbacea roots and leaves showed the presence of total carbohydrate 46.39 g/100 g and 40.12 g/100 g, total fat 0.63 g/100 g and 1.20 g/100 g, true protein 11.46 g/100 g and 10.49 g/100 g, energy content 237.07 kcal/100 g and 213.24 kcal/100 g, iron 821.10 ppm and 889.64 ppm, zinc 9.2 ppm and 47.98 ppm, manganese 329.86 ppm and 474.59 ppm, phosphorus 0.40 ppm and 0.10 ppm and calcium 4856.84 ppm and 14964.49 ppm, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of the methanol extract of root, leaf and ascorbic acid were found to be 217.25 µg/ml, 131.42 µg/ml and 178.88 µg/ml, respectively. In FRAP assay, antioxidant activity of methanol extract of leaf (129.15 µM) was found to be more than root (73.13 µM).

Conclusion: B. herbacea root contains high amount of true protein, carbohydrate and energy value, while micronutrients such as iron, zinc, manganese and calcium are more in its leaf. Both roots and leaves exhibited potent antioxidant activity where the leaves possess more values than the roots.

背景:菝葜(Byttneria herbacea Roxb.),蕨科,是一种著名的民间草药,在印度许多地方都有发现。虽然长期以来作为蔬菜食用,但其根和叶的营养价值和抗氧化活性尚未见报道。目的:评价草芽草根和叶的营养价值和抗氧化潜力。材料与方法:测定碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质、能量值、钙、铁、锌、锰、磷、维生素C等营养参数。通过1,1-二苯基-2-苦味酰肼、铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP)和磷钼试验三种方法评价其抗氧化活性。结果:根和叶的总碳水化合物含量分别为46.39 g/100 g和40.12 g/100 g,总脂肪含量分别为0.63 g/100 g和1.20 g/100 g,真蛋白质含量分别为11.46 g/100 g和10.49 g/100 g,能量含量分别为237.07 kcal/100 g和213.24 kcal/100 g,铁含量分别为821.10 ppm和889.64 ppm,锌含量为9.2 ppm和47.98 ppm,锰含量为329.86 ppm和474.59 ppm,磷含量分别为0.40 ppm和0.10 ppm,钙含量分别为4856.84 ppm和14964.49 ppm。根、叶和抗坏血酸甲醇提取物的半最大抑菌浓度分别为217.25µg/ml、131.42µg/ml和178.88µg/ml。在FRAP实验中,叶甲醇提取物(129.15µM)的抗氧化活性高于根(73.13µM)。结论:草根中含有较高的真蛋白质、碳水化合物和能值,叶中含有较多的铁、锌、锰、钙等微量元素。根和叶均表现出较强的抗氧化活性,其中叶的抗氧化活性高于根。
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引用次数: 1
Effects of Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. F against gamma radiation-induced testicular injuries in Swiss albino mice. 绿吊兰对植物生长的影响。F抗γ射线致瑞士白化小鼠睾丸损伤。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_82_20
Ruchi Vyas, Garima Sharma, Devki Sain, Rashmi Sisodia

Background: Radiation therapy is considered as an important tool in cancer treatment. Despite its impressive role in treating cancer, severe side effects in organs have been reported. To address these therapeutic side effects, several combination methods have been identified to minimize adverse effects caused by radiation therapy.

Aims and objectives: Based on higher radioactive sensitivity of testicular tissues, administration of Chlorophytum borivilianum (CB) Sant. F extracts was evaluated for its protective effects against radiation in testis.

Materials and methods: Two forms of CB extracts (CB alone and CB-silver nanoparticles [AgNPs]) were administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight in Swiss albino male mice for 7 consecutive days. Following 6 Gy gamma radiation, animals were observed for 30 days in four phases. Sperm counts, body weight, testicular weight and stereological and histological evaluation of testis were evaluated.

Results: Following irradiation, a significant decline in body weight (P = 0.008) and testicular weight (P = 0.001) was noted when compared with control. Ununiformed type A and B spermatogonia, partially filled tubules, inter-tubular vacuoles, and disrupted epithelium were the main types of damages caused by irradiation. Reorganization and resumption of histological features emerged from the 15th day postirradiation in CB extract (CBE)-treated animals.

Conclusion: Testicular response was observed against radiation in animals treated with CB extracts, while CB-AgNPs indicated better toleration when compared to CB extract alone.

背景:放射治疗被认为是癌症治疗的重要手段。尽管它在治疗癌症方面的作用令人印象深刻,但据报道,它对器官有严重的副作用。为了解决这些治疗副作用,已经确定了几种联合方法来最大限度地减少放射治疗引起的副作用。目的和目的:基于睾丸组织较高的放射性敏感性,给予吊兰(CB) Sant。评价了F提取物对睾丸辐射的保护作用。材料与方法:以50 mg/kg体重的剂量,连续7天给药两种形式的CB提取物(CB单独和CB-银纳米颗粒[AgNPs])。在6 Gy γ射线照射后,动物分为四个阶段观察30天。评估精子数量、体重、睾丸重量以及睾丸的体视学和组织学评价。结果:与对照组相比,放疗后大鼠体重(P = 0.008)和睾丸重量(P = 0.001)明显下降。A型和B型精原细胞不均匀、小管部分充盈、小管间空泡、上皮破坏是辐照引起的主要损伤类型。放射后第15天,CB提取物(CBE)处理的动物出现了组织学特征的重组和恢复。结论:用CB提取物治疗的动物睾丸对辐射有反应,而CB- agnps与单独使用CB提取物相比表现出更好的耐受性。
{"title":"Effects of <i>Chlorophytum borivilianum</i> Sant. F against gamma radiation-induced testicular injuries in Swiss albino mice.","authors":"Ruchi Vyas,&nbsp;Garima Sharma,&nbsp;Devki Sain,&nbsp;Rashmi Sisodia","doi":"10.4103/ayu.AYU_82_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ayu.AYU_82_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation therapy is considered as an important tool in cancer treatment. Despite its impressive role in treating cancer, severe side effects in organs have been reported. To address these therapeutic side effects, several combination methods have been identified to minimize adverse effects caused by radiation therapy.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>Based on higher radioactive sensitivity of testicular tissues, administration of <i>Chlorophytum</i> <i>borivilianum</i> (CB) Sant. F extracts was evaluated for its protective effects against radiation in testis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two forms of CB extracts (CB alone and CB-silver nanoparticles [AgNPs]) were administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight in Swiss albino male mice for 7 consecutive days. Following 6 Gy gamma radiation, animals were observed for 30 days in four phases. Sperm counts, body weight, testicular weight and stereological and histological evaluation of testis were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following irradiation, a significant decline in body weight (<i>P</i> = 0.008) and testicular weight (<i>P</i> = 0.001) was noted when compared with control. Ununiformed type A and B spermatogonia, partially filled tubules, inter-tubular vacuoles, and disrupted epithelium were the main types of damages caused by irradiation. Reorganization and resumption of histological features emerged from the 15<sup>th</sup> day postirradiation in CB extract (CBE)-treated animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Testicular response was observed against radiation in animals treated with CB extracts, while CB-AgNPs indicated better toleration when compared to CB extract alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":8720,"journal":{"name":"Ayu","volume":"41 1","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/78/7e/AYU-41-45.PMC8415242.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39473812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Efficacy of Triphala Ghrita and Goghrita Manda Tarpana in the management of Shushkakshipaka w.s.r. to dry eye syndrome: An open labelled randomized comparative clinical trial. Triphala Ghrita和Goghrita Manda Tarpana治疗Shushkakshipaka w.s.r.干眼综合征的疗效:一项开放标记随机对照临床试验。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_108_18
Gangadhar M Timmapur, Shamsa Fiaz

Background: Shalakya Tantra is one of the eight branches of Ayurveda, which also includes ophthalmology. Shushkakshipaka (dry eye syndrome) is one of the diseases, involving all parts of eye (Sarvagata Netra Roga) characterized by Gharsha (gritty feeling), Toda (pricking type of pain), Kunita (photophobia), Avila Darshana (blurred vision), Daha (burning sensation) and Raktaraji (congestion in the eye). All these symptoms are similar to the symptoms of dry eye syndrome.

Aims and objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of Triphala Ghrita and Goghrita Manda (supernant liquid part of cow ghee) Tarpana (therapeutic procedure done on the eye) in the management of Shushkakshipaka.

Materials and methods: Thirty patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of Shushkakshipaka were selected from the outpatient department and inpatient department of Shalakya Tantra, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Hassan. Clinical signs and symptoms were given suitable scores according to their severity, and assessment was based on the relief in these symptoms after the treatment. Patients of dry eye syndrome were allocated alternatively in two groups for Tarpana, namely Triphala Ghrita Tarpana (TGT) group and Goghrita Manda Tarpana (GMT) group and Tarpana was given for 7 consecutive days in afternoon with follow up after 15 days for 2 months.

Results: Moderate relief (50%-75% relief) was seen in 73.3% of the patients in both the groups, while marked relief (>75% but <100% relief) was seen in 26.7 patients in both the groups. Relief in symptoms like Gharsha (74%), Avila Darshana (65%), Upadeha (80%), Daha (72%), Kunita (78%), Toda (59%) and Raktaraji (83%) was obtained.

Conclusion: The effect of Goghrita Manda Tarpana (GMT) on Garsha, Toda and Daha was better in immediately after treatment than Triphala Ghrita Tarpana (TGT).

背景:沙拉迦密宗是阿育吠陀的八个分支之一,其中还包括眼科。干眼综合征(Shushkakshipaka)是一种疾病,涉及眼睛的所有部位(Sarvagata Netra Roga),其特征是Gharsha(砂状感觉)、Toda(刺痛型疼痛)、Kunita(畏光)、Avila Darshana(视力模糊)、Daha(灼烧感)和Raktaraji(眼睛充血)。所有这些症状都与干眼综合征的症状相似。目的和目的:本研究的目的是评价和比较Triphala Ghrita和Goghrita Manda(牛酥油的上液部分)Tarpana(眼部治疗程序)在治疗Shushkakshipaka中的效果。材料与方法:选取哈桑阿育吠陀学院Shalakya Tantra门诊部和住院部符合Shushkakshipaka纳入标准的患者30例。根据临床症状和体征的严重程度给予相应的评分,并根据治疗后症状的缓解程度进行评估。将干眼综合征患者分为Triphala Ghrita Tarpana (TGT)组和Goghrita Manda Tarpana (GMT)组,连续7天下午给予Tarpana, 15天后随访,连续2个月。结果:两组中均有73.3%的患者出现中度缓解(50%-75%缓解),显著缓解(>75%),但Gharsha(74%)、Avila Darshana(65%)、Upadeha(80%)、Daha(72%)、Kunita(78%)、Toda(59%)和Raktaraji(83%)获得缓解。结论:复方葛露(GMT)治疗后即刻对喉、托、达的疗效优于复方葛露(TGT)。
{"title":"Efficacy of <i>Triphala Ghrita</i> and <i>Goghrita Manda Tarpana</i> in the management of <i>Shushkakshipaka</i> w.s.r. to dry eye syndrome: An open labelled randomized comparative clinical trial.","authors":"Gangadhar M Timmapur,&nbsp;Shamsa Fiaz","doi":"10.4103/ayu.AYU_108_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ayu.AYU_108_18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Shalakya Tantra</i> is one of the eight branches of Ayurveda, which also includes ophthalmology. <i>Shushkakshipaka</i> (dry eye syndrome) is one of the diseases, involving all parts of eye (<i>Sarvagata Netra Roga</i>) characterized by <i>Gharsha</i> (gritty feeling), <i>Toda</i> (pricking type of pain), <i>Kunita</i> (photophobia), <i>Avila Darshana</i> (blurred vision), <i>Daha</i> (burning sensation) and <i>Raktaraji</i> (congestion in the eye). All these symptoms are similar to the symptoms of dry eye syndrome.</p><p><strong>Aims and objective: </strong>The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of <i>Triphala Ghrita</i> and <i>Goghrita Manda</i> (supernant liquid part of cow ghee) <i>Tarpana</i> (therapeutic procedure done on the eye) in the management of <i>Shushkakshipaka</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of <i>Shushkakshipaka</i> were selected from the outpatient department and inpatient department of <i>Shalakya Tantra</i>, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda, Hassan. Clinical signs and symptoms were given suitable scores according to their severity, and assessment was based on the relief in these symptoms after the treatment. Patients of dry eye syndrome were allocated alternatively in two groups for <i>Tarpana</i>, namely <i>Triphala Ghrita</i> <i>Tarpana</i> (TGT) group and <i>Goghrita Manda Tarpana</i> (GMT) group and <i>Tarpana</i> was given for 7 consecutive days in afternoon with follow up after 15 days for 2 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate relief (50%-75% relief) was seen in 73.3% of the patients in both the groups, while marked relief (>75% but <100% relief) was seen in 26.7 patients in both the groups. Relief in symptoms like <i>Gharsha</i> (74%), <i>Avila Darshana</i> (65%), <i>Upadeha</i> (80%), <i>Daha</i> (72%), <i>Kunita</i> (78%), <i>Toda</i> (59%) and <i>Raktaraji</i> (83%) was obtained.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of <i>Goghrita Manda Tarpana</i> (GMT) on <i>Garsha, Toda</i> and <i>Daha</i> was better in immediately after treatment than <i>Triphala Ghrita</i> <i>Tarpana</i> (TGT).</p>","PeriodicalId":8720,"journal":{"name":"Ayu","volume":"41 1","pages":"52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/31/2f/AYU-41-52.PMC8415239.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39474271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Panchakarma in autoimmune pancreatitis: A single-case study. 自身免疫性胰腺炎的Panchakarma:一项单例研究
Ayu
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_15_20
Rajkala P Patil, Panchakshari D Patil, Anup B Thakar
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is the pancreatic manifestation of a systemic fibro-inflammatory disorder. AIP is a unique form of pancreatitis in which autoimmune mechanisms are suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis. AIP is a rare disorder, its exact cause is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by the body's immune system attacking the pancreas and it responds to steroid therapy only. In Ayurveda, although there is no synonym for AIP, but has a resemblance in clinical features of Grahani Dosha (derangement of duodenum and intestine). The cause of Grahani Dosha is Mandagni (hypofunctioning of Agni) and Panchakarma therapy increases Agni. As per Charaka Samhita, treatment for Grahani Dosha amongst the Panchakarma therapy is Virechana (therapeutic purgation) and Basti (medicated enema). The present case report is of a 30-year-old female, diagnosed as case of AIP with multisystem involvement with increased level of immunoglobulin G (IgG), glycosylated heamoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and body mass index (BMI). The patient was on anticholinergic agents, antacids, levothyroxine, multivitamin along with iron and antihistamine drugs since 1 year, but with not much relief. Patient was treated with classical Virechana and Madhutailika Basti. It was observed after the completion of therapy, that there was decrease in IgG, HbA1c, S. cholesterol, S. triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and body mass index (BMI). This shows that Virechana and Basti play a significant role in patient with AIP associated with other disorders.
自身免疫性胰腺炎(AIP)是一种系统性纤维炎性疾病的胰腺表现。AIP是一种独特形式的胰腺炎,其自身免疫机制被怀疑参与了发病机制。AIP是一种罕见的疾病,其确切原因尚不清楚,但它被认为是由人体免疫系统攻击胰腺引起的,只对类固醇治疗有反应。在阿育吠陀中,虽然AIP没有同义词,但在临床特征上与Grahani Dosha(十二指肠和肠道紊乱)有相似之处。Grahani Dosha的病因是Agni(烈火功能减退),Panchakarma治疗增加了Agni。根据《Charaka Samhita》,在Panchakarma疗法中,对Grahani Dosha的治疗是Virechana(治疗性净化)和Basti(药物灌肠)。本病例报告是一名30岁女性,诊断为AIP,伴多系统累及,免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和体重指数(BMI)升高。患者服用抗胆碱能药、抗酸药、左旋甲状腺素、多种维生素、铁、抗组胺药1年,但疗效不明显。患者接受经典Virechana和Madhutailika Basti治疗。治疗结束后,观察到IgG、HbA1c、s -胆固醇、s -甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、体重指数(BMI)均有所下降。这表明Virechana和Basti在AIP合并其他疾病患者中起重要作用。
{"title":"<i>Panchakarma</i> in autoimmune pancreatitis: A single-case study.","authors":"Rajkala P Patil,&nbsp;Panchakshari D Patil,&nbsp;Anup B Thakar","doi":"10.4103/ayu.AYU_15_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ayu.AYU_15_20","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is the pancreatic manifestation of a systemic fibro-inflammatory disorder. AIP is a unique form of pancreatitis in which autoimmune mechanisms are suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis. AIP is a rare disorder, its exact cause is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by the body's immune system attacking the pancreas and it responds to steroid therapy only. In Ayurveda, although there is no synonym for AIP, but has a resemblance in clinical features of Grahani Dosha (derangement of duodenum and intestine). The cause of Grahani Dosha is Mandagni (hypofunctioning of Agni) and Panchakarma therapy increases Agni. As per Charaka Samhita, treatment for Grahani Dosha amongst the Panchakarma therapy is Virechana (therapeutic purgation) and Basti (medicated enema). The present case report is of a 30-year-old female, diagnosed as case of AIP with multisystem involvement with increased level of immunoglobulin G (IgG), glycosylated heamoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and body mass index (BMI). The patient was on anticholinergic agents, antacids, levothyroxine, multivitamin along with iron and antihistamine drugs since 1 year, but with not much relief. Patient was treated with classical Virechana and Madhutailika Basti. It was observed after the completion of therapy, that there was decrease in IgG, HbA1c, S. cholesterol, S. triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and body mass index (BMI). This shows that Virechana and Basti play a significant role in patient with AIP associated with other disorders.","PeriodicalId":8720,"journal":{"name":"Ayu","volume":"40 4","pages":"242-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6d/07/AYU-40-242.PMC8078606.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38872387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Screening of herbal medicines for potential allopathic antidiabetic adulterants: An analytical study. 潜在的对抗疗法抗糖尿病掺假草药的筛选:一项分析研究。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_227_19
Girish Pamidimarri, Jayanthi Mathaiyan, S Manikandan, S Rajan, Gitanjali Batmanabane

Background: There are several reports worldwide on adulteration of herbal medicines (HMs) with allopathic drugs. In India, only a few studies have reported adulteration of HMs with antidiabetics and there are no systematic studies.

Aims: To develop a rapid and validated method for detection of allopathic antidiabetic adulterants and to explore the extent of adulteration in HMs sold in South India.

Materials and methods: Standards and solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Different brands of antidiabetic HM samples with manufacturing licenses were procured from dispensaries. Spiked drug free psyllium husk as solid and flask seed oil as liquid herbal matrices were used for method development. The spiked matrices with different concentrations were extracted with methanol and subjected to centrifugation. The supernatant was collected and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Isocratic elution was carried on a C18 column with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid:methanol (3:7, v/v) as a mobile phase. All drugs were monitored for two ion products in positive electrospray ionization mode using multiple reaction monitoring scans.

Results: The retention time was 9 min. Limit of detection is 10 Pictograms (pg) for all analytes except for metformin, which was 370 pg. Recoveries of analytes range from 96% to 117%. Forty different brands of antidiabetic HMs were analyzed. Adulterant peaks were not observed in the mass chromatograms of HMs.

Conclusions: A single-run method was developed by LC-MS/MS for the detection of proposed antidiabetics in HMs from licensed manufacturing units and online sold HMs across herbal dispensaries in Puducherry union territory, India. None of the HMs was found to be adulterated with proposed allopathic antidiabetic adulterants.

背景:在世界范围内,有一些关于草药掺入对抗药物的报道。在印度,只有少数研究报告了抗糖尿病药物掺假,而且没有系统的研究。目的:建立一种快速和有效的方法来检测对抗疗法抗糖尿病药物的掺假,并探讨在印度南部销售的中药中掺假的程度。材料和方法:标准品和溶剂购自Sigma-Aldrich。不同品牌的具有生产许可证的抗糖尿病HM样品从药房采购。以加标无药车前草壳为固体,瓶籽油为液体草药基质进行方法开发。不同浓度的加标基质用甲醇提取,离心。收集上清液,采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)分析。以0.1% (v/v)甲酸:甲醇(3:7,v/v)为流动相,在C18柱上进行等压洗脱。采用多反应监测扫描,在正电喷雾电离模式下监测所有药物的两种离子产物。结果:保留时间为9 min,除二甲双胍为370 pg外,其余分析物的检出限为10个象形图(pg),加样回收率为96% ~ 117%。对40种不同品牌的抗糖尿病药进行了分析。质谱图中未见掺假峰。结论:采用LC-MS/MS建立了一种单次运行的方法,用于检测印度普杜切里联合领土中草药药房许可生产单位和在线销售的HMs中建议的抗糖尿病药物。没有发现HMs掺入了建议的对抗疗法抗糖尿病掺假剂。
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引用次数: 1
A retrospective analysis of the effect of the intervention of Arogya Kashayam in COVID-19 positive cases in Madhya Pradesh. Arogya Kashayam对中央邦COVID-19阳性病例干预效果的回顾性分析
Ayu
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_365_20
Umesh Shukla, Sanjay Srivastava, Pankaj Gupta, Nitin Ujjaliya

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly identified strain of corona virus that causes illness ranging from the clinical features similar to the common cold to a fatal condition due to severe respiratory failure. According to the WHO, there have been more than 26.3 million confirmed COVID-19 cases in more than 190 countries to date. In light of the outbreak, various treatment modalities have been considered, including traditional medicine, which has been widely used in the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H1N1 influenza. Ayurveda contributes a measurable ratio in the world's traditional practices. As per the guideline of directorate of AYUSH, Government of Madhya Pradesh, cases of COVID-19 were intervened with Arogya Kashayam (AK-20), a decoction prepared from the herbs at 88 COVID Care Centers (CCC) across the state.

Aim: To evaluate retrospectively, the effect of the intervention of AK-20 in COVID-19 positive cases as stand alone or in combination with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) administered at CCC in Madhya Pradesh.

Materials and methods: It is a retrospective study with 4432 COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) tested positive cases including 2750 males and 1682 females between 5 and 80 years of age. All the cases were intervened with AK-20 as stand alone or in combination with HCQ. Moreover, these patients were also given Zinc and Vitamin C simultaneously. The intervention of AK-20 was made through the district level government AYUSH machinery, and the related data were collected in specially designed case report form. The data were analyzed retrospectively, and outcomes included the RTPCR testing or asymptomatic discharge from the CCC as per the prevailing ICMR guidelines.

Results: The present study reveals that out of 4432 COVID-19 RTPCR-positive cases, 2817 (63.56%) received HCQ with AK-20 and 1615 cases (36.43%) received AK-20 as a stand alone treatment. Among the cases that received HCQ and AK-20, 2681 cases (94.17%) recovered completely in an average of 6.8 days and among those who were on standalone AK-20, 1502 cases (93.00%) recovered completely in the same average days. The Chi-square test showed that both the groups were equally effective (P < 0.01; F = 0.3764).

Conclusion: The retrospective analysis showed that the treatment practices of AK-20 standalone or in combination with HCQ applied in COVID-19 positive cases at CCC in Madhya Pradesh were effective against SARS coronavirus 2 disease. A significant number of cases was tested negative or asymptomatically discharged from both the groups of interventions. Moreover, AK-20 alone has shown statistically equal results to that when used in combination with HCQ therapy.

简介:冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是一种新发现的冠状病毒毒株,可引起各种疾病,从类似普通感冒的临床特征到严重呼吸衰竭导致的致命疾病。据世界卫生组织统计,迄今为止,在190多个国家已有2630多万例新冠肺炎确诊病例。鉴于疫情的爆发,考虑了各种治疗方式,包括在严重急性呼吸系统综合症(萨斯)和H1N1流感大流行中广泛使用的传统医学。阿育吠陀在世界传统实践中占有可衡量的比例。根据中央邦政府AYUSH局的指导方针,用Arogya Kashayam (AK-20)干预COVID-19病例,这是一种在全州88个COVID-19护理中心(CCC)用草药制备的煎剂。目的:回顾性评价AK-20单独或联合羟氯喹(HCQ)干预中央邦CCC COVID-19阳性病例的效果。材料与方法:对4432例新冠肺炎RTPCR检测阳性病例进行回顾性研究,其中男性2750例,女性1682例,年龄在5 ~ 80岁之间。所有病例均单独或联合使用AK-20进行干预。同时给予锌和维生素C。通过区级政府AYUSH机构对AK-20进行干预,并以专门设计的病例报告表收集相关数据。回顾性分析数据,结果包括RTPCR检测或根据现行ICMR指南从CCC无症状出院。结果:在4432例COVID-19 rtpcr阳性病例中,2817例(63.56%)采用HCQ联合AK-20治疗,1615例(36.43%)单独使用AK-20治疗。在服用HCQ和AK-20的病例中,2681例(94.17%)在平均6.8 d内完全康复;在单独服用AK-20的病例中,1502例(93.00%)在相同的平均6.8 d内完全康复。卡方检验显示两组疗效相当(P < 0.01;F = 0.3764)。结论:回顾性分析表明,中央邦CCC对COVID-19阳性病例单独使用AK-20或联合使用HCQ治疗SARS冠状病毒2型疾病是有效的。两组干预措施中均有相当数量的病例检测呈阴性或无症状出院。此外,AK-20单独使用与HCQ联合使用的结果在统计上是相等的。
{"title":"A retrospective analysis of the effect of the intervention of <i>Arogya Kashayam</i> in COVID-19 positive cases in Madhya Pradesh.","authors":"Umesh Shukla,&nbsp;Sanjay Srivastava,&nbsp;Pankaj Gupta,&nbsp;Nitin Ujjaliya","doi":"10.4103/ayu.ayu_365_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ayu.ayu_365_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly identified strain of corona virus that causes illness ranging from the clinical features similar to the common cold to a fatal condition due to severe respiratory failure. According to the WHO, there have been more than 26.3 million confirmed COVID-19 cases in more than 190 countries to date. In light of the outbreak, various treatment modalities have been considered, including traditional medicine, which has been widely used in the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H<sub>1</sub>N<sub>1</sub> influenza. Ayurveda contributes a measurable ratio in the world's traditional practices. As per the guideline of directorate of AYUSH, Government of Madhya Pradesh, cases of COVID-19 were intervened with <i>Arogya</i> <i>Kashayam</i> (AK-20), a decoction prepared from the herbs at 88 COVID Care Centers (CCC) across the state.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate retrospectively, the effect of the intervention of AK-20 in COVID-19 positive cases as stand alone or in combination with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) administered at CCC in Madhya Pradesh.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It is a retrospective study with 4432 COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) tested positive cases including 2750 males and 1682 females between 5 and 80 years of age. All the cases were intervened with AK-20 as stand alone or in combination with HCQ. Moreover, these patients were also given Zinc and Vitamin C simultaneously. The intervention of AK-20 was made through the district level government AYUSH machinery, and the related data were collected in specially designed case report form. The data were analyzed retrospectively, and outcomes included the RTPCR testing or asymptomatic discharge from the CCC as per the prevailing ICMR guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study reveals that out of 4432 COVID-19 RTPCR-positive cases, 2817 (63.56%) received HCQ with AK-20 and 1615 cases (36.43%) received AK-20 as a stand alone treatment. Among the cases that received HCQ and AK-20, 2681 cases (94.17%) recovered completely in an average of 6.8 days and among those who were on standalone AK-20, 1502 cases (93.00%) recovered completely in the same average days. The Chi-square test showed that both the groups were equally effective (<i>P</i> < 0.01; <i>F</i> = 0.3764).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The retrospective analysis showed that the treatment practices of AK-20 standalone or in combination with HCQ applied in COVID-19 positive cases at CCC in Madhya Pradesh were effective against SARS coronavirus 2 disease. A significant number of cases was tested negative or asymptomatically discharged from both the groups of interventions. Moreover, AK-20 alone has shown statistically equal results to that when used in combination with HCQ therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8720,"journal":{"name":"Ayu","volume":"40 4","pages":"209-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/c8/AYU-40-209.PMC8078609.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38872383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Quality publications in Ayurveda: Need of the hour. 阿育吠陀的高质量出版物:需要时间。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_375_20
Mandip Goyal
{"title":"Quality publications in Ayurveda: Need of the hour.","authors":"Mandip Goyal","doi":"10.4103/ayu.ayu_375_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ayu.ayu_375_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8720,"journal":{"name":"Ayu","volume":"40 4","pages":"207-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9d/06/AYU-40-207.PMC8078604.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38872382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficacy of Rituharitaki (seasonal adjuvant of Haritaki) on disorders of Varsha Ritu (monsoon) w.s.r. to quality of life: An open labelled randomized controlled clinical trial. Rituharitaki (Haritaki季节性佐剂)治疗季风性疾病对生活质量的影响:一项开放标签随机对照临床试验。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_243_18
A V Smitha, K V Dilipkumar

Background: Monsoon epidemics are always a serious concern in the public health sector. Administration of Haritaki with suitable vehicle as per season (Rituharitaki) is a simple, cost-effective preventive measure which can be used for such conditions.

Aims and objectives: Study objectives were to assess the effect of Rituharitaki in preventing the diseases in Varsha Ritu (monsoon) and its effect on the WHO quality of life BREF (QOL BREF), total leukocyte count (TLC), differential count (DC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in healthy volunteers.

Materials and methods: From 82 participants, based on inclusion criteria, 60 participants were selected and randomly allocated into trial and control group of 30 each using a computer generated random number table. Intervention given was Rituharitaki (Terminalia chebula Retz) in tablet form-3 tablets of 1g each and Saindhava (rock salt) 1g with lukewarm water at 6.30 am on empty stomach to the participants of trial group for 60 days in Varsha Ritu in Kerala and were observed during this period.

Results: The results were analyzed using Chi-square test and paired t-test. Significant results were obtained in the trial group in reducing the severity and frequency of common cold (p < 0.001), cough (p < 0.05), and fever (p < 0.001). In the WHO QOL BREF domain 1 & 4 showed significant result in the trial group (p < 0.05). Among the haematological parameters - total leukocyte count (TLC), eosinophil count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were statistically significant reduced (p < 0.05) in the trial group.

Conclusion: Rituharitaki is found to be effective in reducing severity and frequency of diseases in Varsha Ritu and had effect on quality of life of patients.

背景:季风流行病一直是公共卫生部门严重关切的问题。根据季节使用合适的车辆管理哈里塔基(Rituharitaki)是一种简单,具有成本效益的预防措施,可用于这种情况。目的和目的:研究目的是评估Rituharitaki在预防Varsha Ritu (monsoon)疾病中的作用及其对健康志愿者WHO生活质量BREF (QOL BREF)、总白细胞计数(TLC)、差异计数(DC)和红细胞沉降率(ESR)的影响。材料与方法:根据纳入标准,从82名受试者中选择60名,采用计算机生成的随机数字表随机分为试验组和对照组各30名。在喀拉拉邦的瓦尔沙里图,试验组的参与者在早上6点30分空腹给予Rituharitaki (Terminalia chebula Retz)片剂形式-3片1g, Saindhava(岩盐)1g,为期60天,并在此期间进行观察。结果:结果采用卡方检验和配对t检验进行分析。试验组在降低普通感冒的严重程度和频率(p < 0.001)、咳嗽(p < 0.05)和发烧(p < 0.001)方面取得了显著的结果。在WHO QOL中,实验组BREF域1和4有显著差异(p < 0.05)。在血液学指标中,试验组总白细胞计数(TLC)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(eosinophill)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)均显著降低(p < 0.05)。结论:Rituharitaki能有效降低Varsha Ritu患者疾病的严重程度和频率,并对患者的生活质量有影响。
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引用次数: 0
An experimental study to evaluate the effect of Nitya Sevaniya (daily consumable) and Nitya Asevaniya (daily non-consumable) food items on albino rats. 一项评价每日消耗品和非消耗品对白化大鼠影响的实验研究。
Ayu
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-14 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_288_18
Saylee Deshmukh, Mahesh Vyas, Mukesh Kumar B Nariya

Background: As per Ayurveda, Nitya Sevaniya (NS) food items are recommended for daily intake while Nitya Asevaniya (NAS) food items should be avoided for daily intake due to their systemic wholesome and unwholesome effects after consumption, respectively.

Aim and objectives: The present study was conducted to perform in vivo safety evaluation of selected Nitya Sevaniya and Nitya Asevaniya food items.

Materials and methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups-each containing six Charle's Foster strain albino rats. Group 1 served as standard diet group, groups 2 and 3 served as test drug received groups namely NS50 and NS100, in which 50% and 100% mixture of Nitya Sevaniya food was administered, respectively. Group 4 and 5 as test drug received groups Nitya Asevaniya 50 (NAS50) and Nitya Asevaniya 100 (NAS100), in which 50% and 100% Nitya Asevaniya food mixtures was administered, respectively. The test diet was administered orally in the form of freshly prepared pellet twice a day ad libitum for 90 days. Parameters studied were gross behavior, body and organ weight, food and water intake, fecal and urine output, hematological and biochemical parameters, electrocardiogram and histology of various organs.

Results: In the NAS100 group, a significant change was observed in 20 of 47 parameters in view of pathological aspect. Among them, three parameters, i.e., platelet count, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and indirect bilirubin were above normal limits, while other parameters were within the normal limits. No significant change was observed in any of the parameters in the NS50 and NS100 group after 90 days of administration as compared with the control group.

Conclusion: Considering findings of this study, it is concluded that selected NS food items are safe while consumption of only selected Nitya Asevaniya food items (when administered in 100% dose) for 90 days have the potential of inflammatory changes in the liver, spleen; fat deposition in kidney and impairment of cardiac and renal functions.

背景:根据阿育吠陀,Nitya Sevaniya (NS)食品建议每天摄入,而Nitya Asevaniya (NAS)食品应避免每天摄入,因为它们分别在食用后对全身有益和有害。目的和目的:本研究旨在对选定的尼提亚·塞瓦尼亚和尼提亚·阿塞瓦尼亚食品进行体内安全性评价。材料与方法:30只大鼠随机分为5组,每组6只。第1组为标准日粮组,第2组和第3组为试验用药组NS50和NS100,分别给予50%和100%的尼提亚塞瓦尼亚混合食品。第4组和第5组作为试验药物,分别给予50%和100%的Nitya Asevaniya food mixture (Nitya Asevaniya 50 (NAS50)和100 (NAS100)组。试验饲粮以新鲜制备的颗粒形式口服,每天2次,可随意使用,持续90天。研究的参数包括大体行为、身体和器官重量、食物和水的摄入量、粪便和尿液的排出量、血液学和生化参数、心电图和各器官的组织学。结果:NAS100组47项病理指标中有20项有明显变化。其中血小板计数、血清谷草转氨酶(SGOT)、间接胆红素3项指标均高于正常,其余指标均在正常范围内。与对照组相比,在给药90天后,NS50和NS100组的任何参数均未观察到显著变化。结论:综合本研究结果,所选NS食品是安全的,而仅食用所选Nitya Asevaniya食品(以100%剂量给药)90天有肝、脾炎症改变的可能;脂肪沉积在肾脏和损害心脏和肾脏的功能。
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引用次数: 0
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Ayu
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