Bioinformation最新文献

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an emerging health threat that can lead to severe complications if untreated. Therefore, it is of interest to analyse 130 sequences of the 56 kDa outer membrane protein, a key immunodominant antigen. SNP profiling identified 300 conserved and 8 highly variable residues. Epitope prediction revealed 73 conserved and 6 variable B cell epitopes, along with 4 conserved and 1 variable CD8⁺ T cell epitopes and 3 conserved and 1 variable CD4⁺ T cell epitopes. Notably, five immunogenic regions were predicted to activate B cells and both CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells simultaneously. Thus, we show valuable insight into immune recognition and evasion strategies of O. tsutsugamushi. Subject to experimental validation, the identified epitopes represent promising candidates for rational vaccine development, improved serodiagnostics and novel therapeutic interventions against scrub typhus.

Immediate implantation of dental implants provides a shortened period of treatment at the cost of high stability requirements. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the impact of implant diameter, length and surface texture on the implant stability quotient (ISQ) of 40 patients on fibroblastic posterior mandibular implants. Primary and secondary ISQ values were much higher in the rough surfaces and wider diameters (p < 0.05), whereas the length of the implants did not have much influence. There was an improvement in ISQ in all groups after 12 weeks. Thus, the success of immediate loading depends on surface roughness and diameter.

Accurate impressions are essential for the success of implant-supported prostheses, yet capturing edentulous arches remains challenging due to mucosal support and anatomical variability. This in vitro study compared the accuracy of conventional open-tray impressions with two intraoral scanners (IOS) in maxillary and mandibular edentulous models with six implant analogs. Ten impressions per group were analyzed by superimposing STL files and stone casts against a reference model to measure linear and angular deviations. Results showed significantly lower deviations in both digital groups compared to conventional impressions, with no significant difference between the two IOS types. These findings indicate that intraoral scanners provide superior accuracy and represent a clinically viable alternative for full-arch implant rehabilitations.

The Er: YAG laser cavity preparation with self-adhesive flowable composite to conventional rotary preparation with adhesive protocols in 120 primary molars is of interest. Group A showed longer preparation time but better patient cooperation and less anesthetic use. Restoration outcomes at 12 months were comparable in retention, marginal adaptation and secondary caries. Thus, Er: YAG laser approach offers a child-friendly alternative with clinical efficacy.

Retrospective clinical study oral lesions among children aged 0-3 years showed a prevalence of 0.27% among all biopsy files, with mucocele, papilloma, giant cell fibroma, pyogenic granuloma and hemangioma being the most common. Thus, guide early-age diagnosis and management in pediatric oral pathology is needed.

Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) plays a key role in cancer progression, making it a promising drug target. Hence, we screened 2,000 FDA-approved drugs using two docking tools, PyRx and GOLD. Top hits were analyzed for predicted binding affinities and molecular interactions, and selected compounds were tested in a luminescence-based IC₅₀ assay. Ponatinib emerged as a promising FAK inhibitor, showing favorable binding and measurable activity.

The relationship between long-term air pollution exposure and risk of myocardial infarction is of interest. Hence, this five-year prospective cohort study examined 132 adults between the ages of 40 and 65 to determine whether long-term exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, NO₂, and SO₂) was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Participants who lived in metropolitan regions with high pollution levels had a noticeably higher incidence of MI than those who lived in locations with low exposure levels. According to adjusted risk models, PM2.5 is the most reliable independent predictor of MI incidence. High-exposure individuals also showed significantly higher levels of biomarkers of systemic inflammation. In order to reduce cardiovascular risks, the highlight the necessity of strict air quality restrictions.

The impact of bariatric surgery on glycemic control in 128 patients with type 2 diabetes over a 12-month postoperative period is of interest. Pre- and post-surgery glycemic markers, including HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose, were analyzed. Significant reductions in HbA1c levels were observed, with 68% of patients achieving remission or requiring reduced medication. Improvements were more pronounced in patients with shorter diabetes duration and greater weight loss. Thus, we show bariatric surgery as an effective intervention for metabolic control in type 2 diabetes.

Digitalization in dentistry, encompassing use of digital technology, is indeed the dominant force, impacting every aspect of the profession. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate and comprehend dental technicians' knowledge, attitude and practice related to digital laboratory procedures in India. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional research was performed among registered dental technicians across India and descriptive statistics were utilized to calculate frequency distributions and chi-square for relationships among variables. The mean knowledge score (4.63±2.18), attitude score (4.52±2.19) and the practice score (4.55±2.14) was substantially exceeded in the dental technicians working in the south zone compared to other zones. The dental technicians employed at private dental laboratory had greater knowledge score (4.04±1.75), attitude score (3.96±1.74) and practice score (3.98±1.72) compared to those working in dental college. The dental technicians of south zone exhibited greater attitude, knowledge and practice of digital dental laboratory procedures than other zones across India.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder with a strong association to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, it is of interest to compare transient elastography findings among diabetic and non-diabetic individuals in a tertiary healthcare setting in Kerala. A total of 220 participants were assessed, of which 73 were diabetic and liver stiffness was measured using FibroScan®. Diabetic patients exhibited significantly higher mean fibrosis scores compared to non-diabetic patients (14.39 ± 14.42 vs. 8.14 ± 7.83, p=0.000). Thus, we show diabetes as a major predictor of advanced liver fibrosis, underscoring the need for early detection and targeted interventions in high-risk populations.