Bioinformation最新文献

The association between autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and vitiligo in adults is of interest. Anti TPO and anti TG antibody levels were measured in vitiligo patients and matched controls. Vitiligo subjects had significantly higher thyroid autoantibody prevalence than controls. Thus, we show routine thyroid screening in vitiligo. Further longitudinal studies are warranted.

The effects of osseodensification and conventional osteotomy techniques on dental implants is of interest. The in vivo research focused on hard and soft tissue changes around dental implants placed in partially edentulous patients. Data shows that osseodensification improved probing depth, bleeding index and bone density, with significant differences observed at 3 and 6 months. Thus, we show that osseodensification enhances both soft tissue health and bone preservation, supporting its use in cases with compromised bone quality. Future research is needed to explore long-term outcomes and optimize protocols.

Periodontal biotypes in 53 healthy dental students were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Gingival thickness (GT), bone thickness (BT) and width of keratinized tissue (WKT) were measured in the upper and lower anterior teeth. The thick scalloped biotype was most prevalent (60%), followed by the thin scalloped (30%) and thick flat scalloped (10%) types. Bone thickness was consistently greater than gingival thickness, with the thick-flat biotype showing the highest WKT. Thus, the mean biological width was 2.02 mm, indicating predominantly thick biotypes with thinner overlying gingiva.

A deep semi-supervised learning model for automating anemia detection and classification from peripheral blood smear images is of interest. A convolutional neural network was trained on 3,200 images, with only 25% annotated by expert hematologists. The model achieved a classification accuracy of 93.4% and F1-scores above 90% for key anemia subtypes, demonstrating strong agreement with expert diagnoses (κ = 0.89). It significantly reduced diagnostic time and performed well in detecting microcytic and sickle cell anemia. This AI-based framework shows great potential for accurate anemia diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings.

mproper biomedical waste management poses a major risk to infection control and public health. This quasi-experimental study among 100 healthcare workers from two institutes in Meerut assessed the effectiveness of training on waste management and infection control. Group A received structured lectures, while Group B received educational materials, with assessments at 1, 3 and 6 months. Significant improvements were observed in knowledge, attitude and practice scores over time (p<0.05). The training program effectively enhanced awareness and practices of healthcare workers toward infection control and waste management.

Social isolation has been linked with psychological and cognitive decline and this has become more pertinent during the Covid19 pandemic. Here we report a case of self-inflicted tibial bony defect with associated osteomyelitis due to leg ulcers, self-neglect, and lack of support during self-isolation relating to Covid-19 restrictions. The soft tissue and bony defect created was extensive and it is likely caused by a support stocking acting as a tourniquet over a long time. The patient developed osteomyelitis and septicaemia and was treated with IV antibiotics. She was found to have mild cognitive impairment and was referred to community memory services. Thus, successive lockdowns with subsequent self-elected isolation have serious consequences for physical and mental well-being.

The timing of dental implant placement may influence early microbial colonization and long-term peri-implant health. This prospective cohort study compared sulcular microflora in immediate (n=30) versus delayed (n=30) single-tooth implants over 12 months using 16S rRNA sequencing. Immediate implants showed higher levels of commensal genera at 3 months, whereas delayed implants exhibited increased colonization by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia at 6 months (p<0.05). By 12 months, microbial differences diminished, with convergence of pathogenic species between groups. Delayed placement appears more prone to early dysbiosis, underscoring the need for rigorous plaque control and monitoring.

Orthodontic mini-implants provide essential skeletal anchorage but their clinical success varies due to differences in mechanical stability under functional loading. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the stability of three commercially available designs-dual- thread, single-thread and tapered-using synthetic bone blocks. Primary stability was assessed by insertion torque and resonance frequency analysis, followed by cyclic loading to evaluate secondary stability, displacement and failure rates. Dual-thread implants demonstrated superior performance with higher stability, lower displacement and fewer failures compared to the other designs. Thus, we show that implant design plays a critical role, with dual-thread configurations offering clear clinical advantages for anchorage-dependent orthodontic treatments.

Cephalometric analysis is one of the most essential tools in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, with Steiner's analysis being a gold standard for evaluating skeletal and dental relationships. However, manual landmark identification is time-consuming and prone to variability. This study introduces a Python-based software tool that automates Steiner's analysis using Tkinter for GUI, Pillow for image processing, and machine learning (ML) for landmark refinement. The software improves efficiency while maintaining clinical reliability, demonstrating potential for AI-assisted orthodontic diagnostics. Machine learning component makes it fail safe, software can be corrected with mistakes retrained.

Uterine fibroids are common benign pelvic tumors in reproductive-age women, often presenting with heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain. Therefore, it is of interest to analyze 60 patients undergoing myomectomy (66.7%) or hysterectomy (33.3%) between 2022 and 2024. Intramural fibroids (60.0%) with a mean size of 8.2 cm were the most frequent finding. Symptom resolution at 6 months was higher after hysterectomy (95.0%) compared to myomectomy (82.5%, p=0.048), while complication rates were similar. Surgical management provides effective relief, with hysterectomy offering a definitive cure and myomectomy serving as a fertility-preserving option.