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Numerical analysis of hemodynamics in pulmonary artery stenosis. 肺动脉狭窄血流动力学数值分析。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-221418
Fan He, Xinyu Wang, Lu Hua, Tingting Guo

Background: Pulmonary artery stenosis is a serious threat to people's life and health.

Objective: The hydrodynamic mechanism of pulmonary artery stenosis is investigated.

Methods: Numerical analysis of hemodynamics in pulmonary artery stenosis using computational fluid dynamics techniques is performed. An idealized model of pulmonary artery stenosis is established, and the model is divided into main pulmonary artery, right and left pulmonary arteries, and their branches. The sections at different positions are intercepted to study the distribution trend of maximum velocity, pressure and wall shear stress.

Results: The numerical simulation results show that the pressure drop at both ends of the narrow area is large. High velocity and wall shear stress exist in the center of stenosis, and the wall shear stress at the distal end of stenosis gradually decreases, resulting in endothelial dysfunction.

Conclusions:  To some extent, this study helps clinicians make diagnosis and treatment plans in advance and improve prognosis. This method could be used in the numerical simulation of practical models.

背景:肺动脉狭窄严重威胁着人们的生命和健康。目的:探讨肺动脉狭窄的水动力机制。方法:应用计算流体力学方法对肺动脉狭窄血流动力学进行数值分析。建立了理想的肺动脉狭窄模型,该模型分为肺动脉主干、左右肺动脉及其分支。截取不同位置的断面,研究最大速度、压力和壁面剪应力的分布趋势。结果:数值模拟结果表明,窄区两端压降较大。狭窄中心存在高速和壁剪应力,狭窄远端壁剪应力逐渐减小,导致内皮功能障碍。结论:本研究在一定程度上有助于临床医生提前制定诊断和治疗方案,改善预后。该方法可用于实际模型的数值模拟。
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引用次数: 0
An extracellular matrix hydrogel from porcine urinary bladder for tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo analyses. 用于组织工程的猪膀胱细胞外基质水凝胶:体外和体内分析。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-221450
German Jiménez-Gastélum, Rosalío Ramos-Payán, Jorge López-Gutierrez, Alfredo Ayala-Ham, Erika Silva-Benítez, Mercedes Bermúdez, José Geovanni Romero-Quintana, Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz, Maribel Aguilar-Medina

Background: The necessity to manufacture scaffolds with superior capabilities of biocompatibility and biodegradability has led to the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds. Among their advantages, they allow better cell colonization, which enables its successful integration into the hosted tissue, surrounding the area to be repaired and their formulations facilitate placing it into irregular shapes. The ECM from porcine urinary bladder (pUBM) comprises proteins, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans which provide support and enable signals to the cells. These properties make it an excellent option to produce hydrogels that can be used in regenerative medicine.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the biocompatibility of an ECM hydrogel derived from the porcine urinary bladder (pUBMh) in vitro using fibroblasts, macrophages, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MCSs), as well as biocompatibility in vivo using Wistar rats.

Methods: Effects upon cells proliferation/viability was measured using MTT assay, cytotoxic effects were analyzed by quantifying lactate dehydrogenase release and the Live/Dead Cell Imaging assay. Macrophage activation was assessed by quantification of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, MCP-1, and TNF-α using a microsphere-based cytometric bead array. For in vivo analysis, Wistar rats were inoculated into the dorsal sub-dermis with pUBMh. The specimens were sacrificed at 24 h after inoculation for histological study.

Results: The pUBMh obtained showed good consistency and absence of cell debris. The biocompatibility tests in vitro revealed that the pUBMh promoted cell proliferation and it is not cytotoxic on the three tested cell lines and induces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines on macrophages, mainly TNF-α and MCP-1. In vivo, pUBMh exhibited fibroblast-like cell recruitment, without tissue damage or inflammation.

Conclusion: The results show that pUBMh allows cell proliferation without cytotoxic effects and can be considered an excellent biomaterial for tissue engineering.

背景:制造具有良好生物相容性和生物可降解性的支架的必要性导致了细胞外基质(ECM)支架的产生。它们的优点之一是,它们可以更好地进行细胞定植,使其能够成功地整合到宿主组织中,围绕需要修复的区域,它们的配方有助于将其放置成不规则的形状。猪膀胱ECM (pUBM)由蛋白质、蛋白聚糖和糖胺聚糖组成,为细胞提供支持和激活信号。这些特性使其成为生产可用于再生医学的水凝胶的绝佳选择。目的:本研究的目的是利用成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞和脂肪源性间充质干细胞(AD-MCSs)评估猪膀胱ECM水凝胶(pUBMh)的体外生物相容性,以及Wistar大鼠的体内生物相容性。方法:采用MTT法检测对细胞增殖/活力的影响,采用乳酸脱氢酶定量释放法和活/死细胞成像法分析细胞毒性作用。巨噬细胞活化通过使用微球细胞计数头阵列定量检测IL-6、IL-10、IL-12p70、MCP-1和TNF-α来评估。为了进行体内分析,将pUBMh接种于Wistar大鼠背部真皮下。接种后24 h处死标本进行组织学研究。结果:获得的pUBMh一致性好,无细胞碎片。体外生物相容性实验结果显示,pUBMh对三种细胞系均有促进细胞增殖的作用,且对三种细胞系均无细胞毒性,可诱导巨噬细胞产生促炎因子,主要为TNF-α和MCP-1。在体内,pUBMh表现出成纤维细胞样细胞募集,没有组织损伤或炎症。结论:pUBMh能促进细胞增殖,无细胞毒性作用,是一种良好的组织工程生物材料。
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引用次数: 1
Normal coronal kinematics of dynamic alignment and bony positions relative to the ground in three-dimensional motion analysis during gait: A preliminary study. 在步态的三维运动分析中,动态对齐和相对于地面的骨位置的正常冠状运动学:初步研究。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-211383
Yasuyuki Tomiyama, Tomoharu Mochizuki, Osamu Tanifuji, Katsutoshi Nishino, Masaei Tanaka, Go Omori, Noriaki Yamamoto, Hiroshi Koga, Yoshio Koga, Hiroyuki Kawashima

Background: During gait, healthy knee coronal kinematics of each bony axis and lower extremity alignment are important because they could be useful as reference data for several surgeries and provide clarification of the etiology of diseases around the knee in healthy participants; however, it remains unknown.

Objective: The objective of this study was to clarify the kinematics of lower extremity alignment and the bony axes relative to the ground during gait, focused on the coronal plane, in healthy individuals by applying our unique three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis.

Methods: The study included 21 healthy individuals, including 9 healthy females and 12 healthy males with an average age of 36 ± 17 years. Knee kinematics were calculated in a gait analysis by combining the data from a motion-capture system and a 3D lower-extremity alignment assessment system on biplanar long-leg radiographs by using a 3D-2D registration technique. The main kinematic parameters were the dynamic position change relative to the ground, applying the femoral anatomical axis (FAA), tibial anatomical axis (TAA), and dynamic alignment in the coronal plane during the stance phase of gait.

Results: The average changes in FAA, TAA, and dynamic varus alignment were 3.7° ± 1.2°, 3.5° ± 0.8°, and 3.0° ± 1.2°, respectively. The TAA tilted laterally during the loading response and a plateau area appeared afterwards; the FAA gradually inclined laterally until the terminal stance phase, and the dynamic alignment showed varus angular change during the loading response.

Conclusions: The tibia and femur were found to change approximately 2-5° of the position of the bony axes relative to the ground. In terms of clinical relevance, our findings can be used to clarify the etiology of diseases around the knee joint and as reference data for surgeries.

背景:在步态过程中,健康的膝关节各骨轴的冠状位运动学和下肢对齐是重要的,因为它们可以作为几种手术的参考数据,并为健康参与者的膝关节周围疾病的病因提供澄清;然而,它仍然是未知的。目的:本研究的目的是通过我们独特的三维(3D)运动分析,阐明健康个体在步态过程中下肢对齐和相对于地面的骨轴的运动学,重点是冠状面。方法:21例健康个体,其中健康女性9例,健康男性12例,平均年龄36±17岁。结合运动捕捉系统和双平面长腿x线片上的3D下肢对齐评估系统的数据,采用3D- 2d配准技术,在步态分析中计算膝关节运动学。主要运动学参数是相对于地面的动态位置变化,应用股骨解剖轴(FAA),胫骨解剖轴(TAA),以及在步态站立阶段在冠状面动态对齐。结果:FAA、TAA和动态内翻对准的平均变化分别为3.7°±1.2°、3.5°±0.8°和3.0°±1.2°。加载响应过程中TAA发生侧向倾斜,随后出现高原区;在加载响应过程中,FAA逐渐向外倾斜直至末端姿态阶段,动态对准呈现内翻角变化。结论:发现胫骨和股骨相对于地面的骨轴位置改变约2-5°。就临床意义而言,我们的发现可用于阐明膝关节周围疾病的病因,并作为手术的参考数据。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of different remineralization agents in the treatment of natural caries-affected dentin in permanent teeth. 不同再矿化剂治疗恒牙自然龋的疗效评价。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-221396
Ece Yilmazkasapoglu Turkay, Betul Kargul, Aysu Karakas Aydinoglu, Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruc

Background: In the preventive treatment protocol, providing remineralization of the tissue in demineralized dentin caries is an important step.

Objective: In this in vitro study, the effectiveness of remineralization agents in natural caries-affected dentin (NCAD) were investigated.

Methods: Forty caries slices were prepared from permanent molar dentin with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS 2) (Code 3). The interventions with 8 days pH cycling were as follows: Deionized water (DW); 5% Sodium Fluoride (5% NaF) Varnish; Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Fluoride Phosphate (CPP-ACFP); Calcium Glyserophosphate (CaGP) + Magnesium (Mg) + Xylitol. DIAGNOdent (Laser Fluorescence, LF), Surface Microhardness (SMH), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy measurements were calculated before and after pH cycling.

Results: LF values decreased between 5% NaF, CCP-ACFP and CaGP. NCAD treated with 5% NaF, CaGP and CCP-ACFP exhibited statistically higher hardness compared to the control group. After 5% NaF application, SMH values were significantly higher than the others. There was no statistically significant difference between baseline and after pH cycling hardness of the control group. After cycling, XRF showed that Ca and P concentrations were increased in all groups.

Conclusion: The application of agents used in the study could be recommended and promoted as a treatment option of caries dentin for conventional management of caries.

背景:在牙本质脱矿性龋的预防性治疗方案中,提供组织再矿化治疗是重要的一步。目的:探讨再矿化剂对天然龋病牙本质(NCAD)的治疗效果。方法:采用国际龋齿检测与评估系统(ICDAS 2) (Code 3)制作恒磨牙本质龋片40片,pH周期为8 d的干预措施为:去离子水(DW);5%氟化钠清漆;酪蛋白磷酸肽-无定形氟化钙磷酸(CPP-ACFP);甘糖磷酸钙(CaGP) +镁(Mg) +木糖醇。在pH循环前后计算诊断(激光荧光,LF),表面显微硬度(SMH)和x射线荧光(XRF)光谱测量。结果:5% NaF、CCP-ACFP和CaGP组LF值下降。与对照组相比,5% NaF、CaGP和CCP-ACFP处理的NCAD硬度有统计学意义上的提高。施用5% NaF后,SMH值显著高于其他处理。对照组pH循环后与基线硬度比较,差异无统计学意义。循环后,XRF显示各组Ca、P浓度均升高。结论:本研究所使用的药物可作为牙本质龋病常规治疗的一种选择,值得推荐和推广。
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引用次数: 0
Surface analysis of (Ti,Mg)N coated bone fixation devices following the rabbit femur surgery. 兔股骨手术后(Ti,Mg)N涂层骨固定装置的表面分析。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-222544
Kenda Sabouni, Yetkin Ozturk, Erkan Kacar, Gamze Torun Kose, Fatma Nese Kok, Muhammet Kursat Kazmanli, Mustafa Kamil Urgen, Sakip Onder

Background: Magnesium (Mg) enhances the bone regeneration, mineralization and attachment at the tissue/biomaterial interface.

Objective: In this study, the effect of Mg on mineralization/osseointegration was determined using (Ti,Mg)N thin film coated Ti6Al4V based plates and screws in vivo.

Methods: TiN and (Ti,Mg)N coated Ti6Al4V plates and screws were prepared using arc-PVD technique and used to fix rabbit femur fractures for 6 weeks. Then, mineralization/osseointegration was assessed by surface analysis including cell attachment, mineralization, and hydroxyapatite deposition on concave and convex sides of the plates along with the attachment between the screw and the bone.

Results: According to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses; cell attachment and mineralization were higher on the concave sides of the plates from both groups in comparison to the convex sides. However, mineralization was significantly higher on Mg-containing ones. The mean gray value indicating mineralized area after von Kossa staining was found as 0.48 ± 0.01 and 0.41 ± 0.04 on Mg containing and free ones respectively. Similarly, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that hydroxyapatite growth was abundant on the Mg-containing and concave sides of the plates. Enhanced mineralization and strong attachment to bone were also detected in EDS and SEM analyses of Mg-containing screws.

Conclusion: These findings indicated that (Ti,Mg)N coatings can be used to increase attachment at the implant tissue interface due to accelerated mineralization, cell attachment, and hydroxyapatite growth.

背景:镁(Mg)增强骨再生、矿化和在组织/生物材料界面的附着。目的:本研究采用(Ti,Mg)N薄膜包覆Ti6Al4V基板和螺钉,在体内研究Mg对矿化/骨整合的影响。方法:采用arc-PVD技术制备TiN和(Ti,Mg)N包覆Ti6Al4V钢板和螺钉,固定兔股骨骨折6周。然后,通过表面分析评估矿化/骨整合情况,包括细胞附着、矿化和羟基磷灰石沉积在板的凹凸侧面以及螺钉与骨之间的附着。结果:根据扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS);两组平板凹侧的细胞附着和矿化程度均高于凸侧。而含镁岩石的矿化程度明显高于含镁岩石。von Kossa染色后,含Mg和游离Mg的矿化区平均灰色值分别为0.48±0.01和0.41±0.04。同样,傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和x射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,在含镁板和凹侧有丰富的羟基磷灰石生长。在EDS和SEM分析中也检测到含镁螺钉的矿化增强和与骨的强附着。结论:这些发现表明(Ti,Mg)N涂层可以通过加速矿化、细胞附着和羟基磷灰石生长来增加种植体组织界面的附着。
{"title":"Surface analysis of (Ti,Mg)N coated bone fixation devices following the rabbit femur surgery.","authors":"Kenda Sabouni,&nbsp;Yetkin Ozturk,&nbsp;Erkan Kacar,&nbsp;Gamze Torun Kose,&nbsp;Fatma Nese Kok,&nbsp;Muhammet Kursat Kazmanli,&nbsp;Mustafa Kamil Urgen,&nbsp;Sakip Onder","doi":"10.3233/BME-222544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-222544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Magnesium (Mg) enhances the bone regeneration, mineralization and attachment at the tissue/biomaterial interface.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, the effect of Mg on mineralization/osseointegration was determined using (Ti,Mg)N thin film coated Ti6Al4V based plates and screws in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TiN and (Ti,Mg)N coated Ti6Al4V plates and screws were prepared using arc-PVD technique and used to fix rabbit femur fractures for 6 weeks. Then, mineralization/osseointegration was assessed by surface analysis including cell attachment, mineralization, and hydroxyapatite deposition on concave and convex sides of the plates along with the attachment between the screw and the bone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses; cell attachment and mineralization were higher on the concave sides of the plates from both groups in comparison to the convex sides. However, mineralization was significantly higher on Mg-containing ones. The mean gray value indicating mineralized area after von Kossa staining was found as 0.48 ± 0.01 and 0.41 ± 0.04 on Mg containing and free ones respectively. Similarly, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that hydroxyapatite growth was abundant on the Mg-containing and concave sides of the plates. Enhanced mineralization and strong attachment to bone were also detected in EDS and SEM analyses of Mg-containing screws.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicated that (Ti,Mg)N coatings can be used to increase attachment at the implant tissue interface due to accelerated mineralization, cell attachment, and hydroxyapatite growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"34 5","pages":"459-472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10661388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of spheroid size on gene expression profiles of a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line in spheroid culture. 球形细胞大小对小鼠间充质干细胞基因表达谱的影响。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-221406
Akiyoshi Kuroda, Ayumi Mineo, Shintaro Shoji, Gen Inoue, Wataru Saito, Hiroyuki Sekiguchi, Masashi Takaso, Kentaro Uchida

Background: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies offer potential for bone repair. MSC spheroid cultures may harbor enhanced therapeutic potential over MSC monolayers through increased secretion of trophic factors. However, the impact of spheroid size on trophic factor expression is unclear.

Objective: We investigated the effect of spheroid size on trophic factor-related gene expression.

Methods: KUM10, a murine MSC line was used. RNA-seq was used to screen the transcriptional profiles of MSC monolayer and spheroid cultures. Differentially expressed genes identified in RNA-seq were evaluated by q-PCR in cultures of 5 × 104 (S group), 5 × 105 (M group), 5 × 106 (L group) cells/well.

Results: Comparison of expression levels between KUM10 monolayer and spheroid cultures identified 2140 differentially expressed genes, of which 1047 were upregulated and 1093 were downregulated in KUM10 spheroids. Among these, 12 upregulated genes (Bmp2, Fgf9, Fgf18, Ngf, Pdgfa, Pdgfb, Tgfb1, Vegfa, Vegfc, Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt10a) were associated with secretory growth factors. Of these, expression of Fgf9, Fgf18, Vegfa and Vegfc was elevated in the L group, and Pdgfb and Tgfb1 was elevated in the S group.

Conclusions: Spheroid size may impact trophic factor expression. Our results will be useful for future studies assessing the utility of MSC spheroids for treating bone injury.

背景:间充质干细胞(MSC)为骨修复提供了潜在的治疗方法。通过增加营养因子的分泌,骨髓间充质干细胞球形培养物可能比骨髓间充质干细胞单层培养物具有更高的治疗潜力。然而,球体大小对营养因子表达的影响尚不清楚。目的:研究球体大小对营养因子相关基因表达的影响。方法:采用小鼠MSC细胞系KUM10。RNA-seq用于筛选MSC单层和球形培养的转录谱。在5 × 104 (S组)、5 × 105 (M组)、5 × 106 (L组)细胞/孔的培养中,采用q-PCR检测RNA-seq鉴定的差异表达基因。结果:通过KUM10单层培养与球状培养的表达水平比较,鉴定出2140个差异表达基因,其中1047个表达上调,1093个表达下调。其中,12个上调基因(Bmp2、Fgf9、Fgf18、Ngf、Pdgfa、Pdgfb、Tgfb1、Vegfa、Vegfc、Wnt4、Wnt5a、Wnt10a)与分泌性生长因子相关。其中,Fgf9、Fgf18、Vegfa、Vegfc在L组表达升高,Pdgfb、Tgfb1在S组表达升高。结论:球体大小可能影响营养因子的表达。我们的结果将对未来评估MSC球体治疗骨损伤的效用的研究有用。
{"title":"Effect of spheroid size on gene expression profiles of a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line in spheroid culture.","authors":"Akiyoshi Kuroda,&nbsp;Ayumi Mineo,&nbsp;Shintaro Shoji,&nbsp;Gen Inoue,&nbsp;Wataru Saito,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Sekiguchi,&nbsp;Masashi Takaso,&nbsp;Kentaro Uchida","doi":"10.3233/BME-221406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-221406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies offer potential for bone repair. MSC spheroid cultures may harbor enhanced therapeutic potential over MSC monolayers through increased secretion of trophic factors. However, the impact of spheroid size on trophic factor expression is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the effect of spheroid size on trophic factor-related gene expression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>KUM10, a murine MSC line was used. RNA-seq was used to screen the transcriptional profiles of MSC monolayer and spheroid cultures. Differentially expressed genes identified in RNA-seq were evaluated by q-PCR in cultures of 5 × 104 (S group), 5 × 105 (M group), 5 × 106 (L group) cells/well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparison of expression levels between KUM10 monolayer and spheroid cultures identified 2140 differentially expressed genes, of which 1047 were upregulated and 1093 were downregulated in KUM10 spheroids. Among these, 12 upregulated genes (Bmp2, Fgf9, Fgf18, Ngf, Pdgfa, Pdgfb, Tgfb1, Vegfa, Vegfc, Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt10a) were associated with secretory growth factors. Of these, expression of Fgf9, Fgf18, Vegfa and Vegfc was elevated in the L group, and Pdgfb and Tgfb1 was elevated in the S group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spheroid size may impact trophic factor expression. Our results will be useful for future studies assessing the utility of MSC spheroids for treating bone injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9120240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Antibiofilm properties of silver nanoparticles incorporated into polymethyl methacrylate used for dental applications. 银纳米颗粒掺入用于牙科应用的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的抗生物膜特性。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-222513
Marine Ortiz-Magdaleno, Luis Sánchez-Vargas, Delia Gardea-Contreras, Verónica Campos-Ibarra, Amaury Pozos-Guillén, Raúl Márquez-Preciado

Background: Acrylic resins used in dental and biomedical applications do not have antimicrobial properties, their surface is susceptible to colonization of microorganisms.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) deposited in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) surface against a Staphylococcus aureus biofilm.

Methods: The PMMA was impregnated with AgNPs by using the in-situ polymerization method. To determine the solubility of the incorporated silver (Ag+) atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used (AAS) at 24 h, 48 h, 7 days, and 30 days. Thirty specimens of PMMA with AgNPs and without NP (control group) were assembled in the CDC Biofilm Bioreactor system with a cell suspension of S. aureus. The specimens were removed at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h to determine the viability profile and quantify the Arbitrary Fluorescence Units (AFU).

Results: The AgNPs showed an irregular and quasispherical shape with an average size of 25 nm. AAS analysis demonstrated a low solubility of Ag+. The formation of the S. aureus biofilm increased as the evaluation periods continued up to 72 h. The experimental group showed poor growth, and a decrease in the intensity of the fluorescence demonstrated a statistically significant inhibition of the formation of the biofilm (P < 0.05) in relation to the control group at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h.

Conclusion: AgNPs incorporated into PMMA decreased the growth and maturation of S. aureus biofilm.

背景:用于牙科和生物医学应用的丙烯酸树脂不具有抗菌性能,它们的表面容易受到微生物定植的影响。目的:研究沉积在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)表面的银纳米粒子(AgNPs)对金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的抗菌性能。方法:采用原位聚合法制备AgNPs。采用原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)测定掺入银(Ag+)在24 h、48 h、7 d和30 d的溶解度。采用金黄色葡萄球菌细胞悬浮液,在CDC生物膜生物反应器系统中组装30份含AgNPs和不含NP的PMMA标本(对照组)。在6、12、24、48和72 h时取出标本,测定活力谱并定量任意荧光单位(AFU)。结果:AgNPs呈不规则准球形,平均尺寸为25 nm。原子吸收光谱分析表明Ag+的溶解度较低。随着评价周期的持续至72 h,金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的形成增加。实验组在6、12、24、48、72 h时生长较差,荧光强度的降低对金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成的抑制作用较对照组有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论:AgNPs掺入PMMA后,抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的生长和成熟。
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引用次数: 0
An in vivo preclinical study assessing biocompatibility of Pd-based bulk metallic glass. 评估pd基大块金属玻璃生物相容性的体内临床前研究。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-221392
Lukasz Witek, Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak, Ricardo Rodriguez Colon, Andrea Torroni, Marios D Demetriou, Paulo G Coelho

Background: The bulk metallic glass (BMG), Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2, has a high fracture toughness and has been found to accommodate post-yield stress, unlike most other BMG. Moreover, due to its greater noble gas composition it has a intrinsic corrosion resistance, ideal for dental and orthopedic implants.

Objective: This present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo application of Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2 in a large translational sheep model to assess its efficacy to be utilized as an endosteal device.

Methods: Twelve implants in the form of cylindrical rods (3 mm in diameter) were produced through rapid quenching. Each sheep (n = 12) received one osteotomy in the mandibular region using rotary instrumentation, which was filled with Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2. After 6- and 24-weeks the animals were euthanized, and samples collected en bloc to conduct histomorphometric analysis. The degree of osseointegration were assessed through bone-to-implant contact (BIC).

Results: All samples revealed favorable BIC along with with fibrous connective tissue layers at both 6- and 24-weeks. Bone along with interfacial remodeling was observed in proximity with the metallic glass surface at 6 weeks with higher degrees of bone organization being observed at the later healing time, 24 weeks.

Conclusions: The synthesized BMG, given its unique combination of toughness and strength, revealed potential to serve as an alternative to commonly used Ti alloys.

背景:大块金属玻璃(BMG) Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2具有较高的断裂韧性,并且与大多数其他BMG不同,它可以适应屈服后应力。此外,由于其较大的惰性气体成分,它具有固有的耐腐蚀性,是牙科和骨科植入物的理想选择。目的:本研究旨在评价Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2在大型转译羊模型中的体内应用,以评估其作为内膜装置的功效。方法:采用快速淬火法制备12个直径为3mm的圆柱形棒状种植体。每只羊(n = 12)使用旋转器械在下颌骨区域进行一次截骨,填充Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2。6周和24周后,对这些动物实施安乐死,并整体收集样本进行组织形态学分析。通过骨与种植体接触(BIC)评估骨整合程度。结果:所有样本在6周和24周时均显示良好的BIC和纤维结缔组织层。6周时,在金属玻璃表面附近观察到骨和界面重塑,在愈合时间较晚的24周时观察到更高程度的骨组织。结论:合成的BMG由于其独特的韧性和强度组合,显示出作为常用钛合金替代品的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of ellagic acid and retinoic acid on collagen and elastin production by human dermal fibroblasts. 鞣花酸和维甲酸对人真皮成纤维细胞生成胶原和弹性蛋白的影响。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230007
Chloe Duckworth, Jada Stutts, Kayla Clatterbuck, Nasim Nosoudi

Background: Elastin is a fibrous protein key to the structure and support of skin as well as other organ tissues. Elastic fibers are located in the skin's dermal layer and make up approximately 2%-4% of the fat-free dry weight of the dermis in the skin of adults. Aging causes the progressive degradation of elastin fibers. Loss of these fibers can cause skin sagging and wrinkling, loss of healthy blood vessels and lung capacity, aneurysms, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Objective: We hypothesized that ellagic acid, a polyphenol, will increase elastin in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) due to polyphenols' elastin binding properties.

Method: We treated HDF's with 2 μg/ml ellagic acid for 28 days to see the elastin deposition in HDF cell cultures. To test this, we treated HDFs with polyphenols ellagic acid for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. For comparison purposes, we included a group of ellagic acid and retinoic acid since retinoic acid is already in the market for elastin regeneration purposes.

Results: When ellagic acid and retinoic acid were introduced together, insoluble elastin and collagen deposition were significantly higher in HDFs compared to other groups.

Conclusion: Polyphenols and retinoic acid can improve skin extracellular matrix production of elastin and collagen and may improve skin fine wrinkles.

背景:弹性蛋白是一种纤维蛋白,对皮肤和其他器官组织的结构和支持至关重要。弹性纤维位于皮肤的真皮层,约占成人皮肤真皮层无脂肪干重的2%-4%。老化导致弹性蛋白纤维的逐渐退化。这些纤维的丢失会导致皮肤松弛和起皱,健康血管和肺活量的丧失,动脉瘤和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)。目的:我们假设鞣花酸,一种多酚,会增加人真皮成纤维细胞(HDF)的弹性蛋白,由于多酚的弹性蛋白结合特性。方法:用2 μg/ml鞣花酸处理HDF细胞28 d,观察弹性蛋白在HDF细胞中的沉积情况。为了验证这一点,我们用鞣花酸多酚处理HDFs 3、7、14和21天。为了比较,我们纳入了一组鞣花酸和视黄酸,因为视黄酸已经在市场上用于弹性蛋白再生。结果:当鞣花酸和维甲酸同时加入时,HDFs中不溶性弹性蛋白和胶原沉积明显高于其他组。结论:多酚类和维甲酸能促进皮肤细胞外基质弹性蛋白和胶原蛋白的生成,改善皮肤细纹。
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引用次数: 1
Topological optimization of anterior cervical plate (ACP) and its biomechanic characteristics. 颈椎前路钢板的拓扑优化及其生物力学特性。
IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/BME-230019
Peng Ye, Rongchang Fu, Zhaoyao Wang

Background: Currently, quadrilateral anterior cervical plate (QACP) is a highly prevalent ACP.

Objective: This study aims to design a novel ACP using topology optimization (TOACP).

Methods: A completed model for C1-C7 cervical segments was established and validated. QACP and TOACP cage systems were implanted within two cervical vertebrae models, respectively, and peak stresses and stress distributions for screw, plate, endplate and cage displacement were investigated under differing exercise modes.

Results: Stress levels upon QACP screw were maximized for over-extension exercise (243.3 MPa, 3.35% > TOACP screw). Stress level upon TOACP plate was maximized for over-extension exercise (118.2 MPa, 7.26% > QACP screw). Following QACP cage system implantation, stress on endplate and cage displacement were maximized for extension exercise, which were 27.1%, and 6.3% > TOACP cage system, respectively. Finite element analysis results revealed that topological optimization of the plate can effectively reduce screw stress, thereby enhancing cervical segments' stability during surgery. Furthermore, stress on endplate and cage displacement decreased, indicating great potential in cage sinking and fusion enhancement.

Conclusions: Topological optimization of the plate equips the cage system with advantages in clinical applications and biomechanical performance, providing alternative solutions and a theoretical basis for ACP design.

背景:目前,qurilateral anterior cervical plate (QACP)是一种非常普遍的ACP。目的:设计一种基于拓扑优化的新型ACP。方法:建立完整的C1-C7颈椎节段模型并进行验证。QACP和TOACP笼系统分别植入两个颈椎模型,研究不同运动模式下螺钉、钢板、终板和笼位移的峰值应力和应力分布。结果:过伸运动时QACP螺钉的应力水平最大(243.3 MPa, 3.35% > TOACP螺钉)。过伸运动时TOACP钢板上的应力水平最大(118.2 MPa, 7.26% > QACP螺钉)。植入QACP笼系统后,终板应力和笼位移最大,分别为27.1%和6.3% > TOACP笼系统。有限元分析结果表明,对钢板进行拓扑优化可以有效降低螺钉应力,从而提高手术过程中颈椎节段的稳定性。此外,终板应力和笼体位移减小,表明笼体下沉和融合增强的潜力很大。结论:对钢板进行拓扑优化,使保持器系统在临床应用和生物力学性能方面具有优势,为ACP设计提供了替代方案和理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
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