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Törleß and the Scene of Reading Törleß和阅读现场
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.3390/h12060136
Dominik Zechner
The article reads Robert Musil’s debut novel Die Verwirrungen des Zöglings Törleß (The Confusions of Young Törless) (1906) as a novel of the institution (Campe) in which diverse forms of violence are intertwined. Contrary to the assumption that Musil’s novel aims at the depiction of sado-masochistic transgressions, my argument focuses on a reading scene that mediates the novel’s various potentials of violence: only when Törleß reads Kant does it become clear which violence and which pain are meant by Musil’s text. The experience of reading becomes a masochistic act in the course of which the pleasure of the text is recast in terms of a negative textual jouissance. Musil’s novel, in turn, becomes readable not as an exhibition of schoolboys in disgrace, but as an exploration of the violent structure of practical reason itself.
这篇文章把罗伯特·穆希尔的处女作《青年的困惑Törless》(1906年)看作是描写各种形式的暴力交织在一起的制度(坎普)的小说。与Musil的小说旨在描述施虐受虐狂越界的假设相反,我的论点集中在一个阅读场景上,这个场景调解了小说中各种潜在的暴力:只有当Törleß阅读康德时,才会清楚Musil的文本意味着哪些暴力和哪些痛苦。阅读的体验变成了一种受虐行为,在这个过程中,文本的愉悦被重新塑造成一种消极的文本欢爽。Musil的小说,反过来,不是作为一个丢脸的男生的展览,而是作为对实践理性本身的暴力结构的探索。
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引用次数: 0
Relational Narratives of Food in Design and Architecture Exhibitions 设计与建筑展览中食物的关系叙事
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/h12060135
Maddalena Castellani
This paper investigates the narratives involved in the becoming public of an ecological, relational, and culinary culture through artistic mediums. Specifically, the question posed is this: how do food and cooking feature in some selected design and architecture exhibitions? The argument is developed through a series of thematic case studies that aim to affirm the presence in contemporary design, architecture, and exhibition-making of an ecological paradigm. The examples blur the lines of food and art by being proposed as processes of collective authorship happening in atmospheres of conviviality and hospitality. I bring forth the argument that developing exhibitions through the lines of hospitality can improve the quality of public engagement, and amplify a relational model which calls for the collective and entangled nature of all things. Alongside the potential of the arts of sparking a cognitive restructuring and shift in perspective, some risks associated with the mainstream model of society are considered. The final aim is to affirm the importance of relationships to oppose the neoliberal geopolitics of power which foster object-oriented perspectives.
本文通过艺术媒介研究了生态、关系和烹饪文化的公共性。具体来说,提出的问题是:食物和烹饪如何在一些选定的设计和建筑展览中发挥作用?通过一系列主题案例研究,论证了生态范式在当代设计、建筑和展览制作中的存在。这些例子模糊了食物和艺术的界限,被认为是在欢乐和热情好客的氛围中发生的集体创作过程。我提出的论点是,通过热情好客的方式发展展览可以提高公众参与的质量,并扩大一种关系模式,这种模式呼吁所有事物的集体性和纠缠性。除了激发认知重组和观点转变的艺术潜力之外,还考虑了与主流社会模式相关的一些风险。最后的目的是肯定关系的重要性,以反对新自由主义地缘政治的权力,它促进了面向对象的观点。
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引用次数: 0
Place, Space, and the Affordances Thereof: Bly Manor as Depicted in Three Adaptations of The Turn of the Screw 地点、空间及其启示:《螺丝的转动》三部改编作品中描绘的布莱庄园
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/h12060134
Kristoffer S. Ekroll
This paper looks at the representation of Bly Manor across different adaptations of Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw (1898). The focus is on adaptations that emphasize Bly as an intricate space that limits the possibilities of actions that the main characters have. The theory of affordance states that places “afford” different uses of the space. Locked inside a place with uneasily determined affordances and clearly established rules, the main characters of these adaptations experience how different intersections of identities are afforded differently within the stately home. The paper traces the intertextual conversation through adaptations such as Jack Clayton’s film The Innocents (1961), the readaptation of James’s premise in Ruth Ware’s novel The Turn of the Key (2019), before ending with the intertextual and temporal dimensions of haunted space in Mike Flanagan’s streaming miniseries The Haunting of Bly Manor (2020). These iterations of the story showcase the voyeuristic elements of Bly as the characters are repeatedly watched by those who have come before them. At the same time, they show the ongoing appeal of James’s story as its legacy continues into the twenty-first century.
本文考察了亨利·詹姆斯的小说《螺丝钉的转动》(1898)的不同改编版本中布莱庄园的表现形式。改编的重点是强调布莱是一个复杂的空间,限制了主角行动的可能性。可得性理论指出,场所“可提供”空间的不同用途。被锁在一个有着不确定的功能和明确的规则的地方,这些改编的主角经历了如何在庄严的房子里提供不同的身份交集。本文通过杰克·克莱顿的电影《无辜的人》(1961年)、露丝·韦尔的小说《钥匙的旋转》(2019年)中詹姆斯的故事背景的重新改编等改编来追溯互文对话,最后以迈克·Flanagan的流媒体迷你剧《布莱庄园的幽灵》(2020年)中鬼魂空间的互文和时间维度作为结尾。故事的这些迭代展示了布莱的偷窥元素,因为这些角色被那些在他们之前出现的人反复观察。与此同时,它们显示出詹姆斯的故事在21世纪仍具有持续的吸引力。
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引用次数: 0
“Alma, si ciega vas tras tus antojos”: Going Blindly through Seventeenth-Century Literature "Alma, si ciega vas tras tus antojos":盲目阅读十七世纪文学作品
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/h12060133
Cipriano López Lorenzo
Faced with the exaltation of sight as a perfect divine creation, so evident in the Uso de los antojos (1623) by Daza de Valdés, and faced with the satirical–burlesque tone of popular literature, dogmatic theology considered it inappropriate to praise a sense that deviated human understanding and made it difficult to comprehend the sacramental mysteries in depth. Through different fragments of literature produced in seventeenth-century Seville, we will see how the Church constructed, parallel to the scientific and popular discourses, a catechetical rhetoric that sought to deny physical sight and any device intended to enhance or restore it. The idea was to promote a knowledge of God guided by faith, allegorized as a blindfolded woman. Thus, we will see how the glasses and the blindfold capitalized two discourses that could feed back on each other and at the same time evidence the porosity of baroque literature towards the new advances in physics.
面对达萨·德·瓦尔达姆斯(Daza de vald) 1623年所写的《乌索·德·洛斯托托霍斯》(Uso de los antojos)中对视觉的赞美,以及通俗文学中讽刺讽刺的语气,教条主义神学认为赞美一种偏离人类理解并使人难以深入理解圣礼奥秘的感觉是不恰当的。通过17世纪塞维利亚产生的不同文学片段,我们将看到教会如何构建,与科学和大众话语平行,一种教理修辞,试图否认物理视觉和任何旨在增强或恢复视觉的设备。这个想法是通过信仰来促进对上帝的认识,寓言为一个蒙眼的女人。因此,我们将看到眼镜和眼罩是如何将两种话语资本化的,这两种话语可以相互反馈,同时也证明了巴洛克文学对物理学新进展的多孔性。
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引用次数: 0
Technologies of Care: Robot Caregivers in Science and Fiction 护理技术:科幻小说中的机器人护理者
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/h12060132
Silvana Colella
In the field of elderly care, robot caregivers are garnering increased attention. This article discusses the robotisation of care from a dual perspective. The first part presents an overview of recent scholarship on the use of robots in eldercare, focusing mostly on scientific evidence about the responses of older adults and caregivers. The second part turns to narrative evidence, providing a close reading of Andromeda Romano-Lax’s Plum Rains (2018), a speculative novel set in Japan in 2029, which explores the implications—ethical, affective, social—of communities of care that include non-human agents. My argument is twofold: (1) although science and fiction operate according to different models of knowledge production, considering narrative insights alongside scientific ones can enlarge our understanding of the complexities of robotic care; (2) hitherto overlooked in literary studies, Plum Rains deserves attention for its nuanced representation of a hybrid model of care, which does not discard robotic assistance on the basis of humanist arguments, nor does it endorse techno-solutionism, reminding readers that the fantasy of robots that care is fuelled by the reality of devalued human care work.
在老年人护理领域,机器人看护越来越受到关注。这篇文章从两个角度讨论了护理的机器人化。第一部分概述了最近在老年人护理中使用机器人的奖学金,主要集中在老年人和照顾者的反应的科学证据上。第二部分转向叙事证据,提供了对Andromeda Romano-Lax的梅雨(2018)的仔细阅读,这是一部以2029年日本为背景的投机小说,探讨了包括非人类代理人在内的护理社区的伦理、情感和社会含义。我的观点是双重的:(1)尽管科学和小说根据不同的知识生产模式运作,但将叙事见解与科学见解结合起来可以扩大我们对机器人护理复杂性的理解;(2)迄今为止在文学研究中被忽视的是,《梅雨》值得注意的是,它细致入微地呈现了一种混合护理模式,这种模式既没有基于人文主义的论点抛弃机器人的帮助,也没有支持技术解决方案主义,它提醒读者,机器人护理的幻想是由人类护理工作贬值的现实推动的。
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引用次数: 0
Mutual Doings: Exploring Affectivity in Participatory Methodologies 共同行为:参与式方法论中的情感探索
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.3390/h12060131
Karin Gunnarsson
The aim of this paper is to explore the affective implications of working with participatory methodologies within the context of sexuality education. For this exploration, a feminist posthumanist approach is put to work, building on a relational ontology and the notions of affectivity, assemblage and environmentality. Drawing from a practice-based research project concerning sexuality education conducted together with teachers in Swedish secondary schools, the analysis puts forward how the research assemblage navigates and manages affective conditions in ways that produce, allow and exclude certain feelings. With (dis)trust, uncertainty, frustration, laughter and shame, the assemblage made bodies act and become in specific ways. Thus, the analysis shows how participatory and practice-based research become moulded by power relations and intense flows of desire working together. This raises questions about how participatory methodologies within an ontological view of interdependence afford to manage affective intensities to move in certain directions of socially just sexuality education.
本文的目的是探讨在性教育的背景下使用参与式方法工作的情感含义。在这一探索中,一个女权主义的后人文主义方法被投入工作,建立在关系本体和情感、组合和环境的概念之上。从与瑞典中学教师一起进行的关于性教育的基于实践的研究项目中,分析提出了研究组合如何以产生,允许和排除某些情感的方式导航和管理情感条件。带着不信任、不确定、挫折、笑声和羞愧,这些组合让身体以特定的方式行动和变成。因此,分析显示了参与性和基于实践的研究是如何被权力关系和强烈的欲望流共同塑造的。这就提出了一个问题,即在相互依赖的本体论观点下,参与式方法如何能够管理情感强度,从而向社会公正的性教育的某些方向发展。
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引用次数: 0
‘D’oh Brother Where Art Thou’: Homer’s Women in The Simpsons and Contemporary Screen Adaptations 《兄弟,你在哪里》:《辛普森一家》中荷马笔下的女人和当代电影改编
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.3390/h12060130
Alice Payne
In the Odyssey, Homer’s Penelope and Circe have fundamentally important roles in ensuring the progression and success of the hero’s, Odysseus, journey home. Their actions in the Odyssey invite complex readings of the two women. Despite this, onscreen Penelope is often depicted as the “good, faithful” wife, and Circe as the “temptress”. Whilst these interpretations are not wrong, they are limited, cultivating a diminutive cultural understanding about Homer’s women. In this article I will use The Simpsons episode ‘Tales from the Public Domain’ as the foundation of my analysis, whereby I argue that screen adaptations perpetuate these gendered tropes further by relying on what is “known” about these women, instead of investigating their roles in ways that are significantly more complex. To achieve this, I will analyse how gender roles are presented in The Simpsons’ adaptation of the Odyssey, with a special focus on Penelope’s and Circe’s interaction with, and relationship to, the story’s hero, Odysseus. I will compare these representations to examples from other screen adaptations from the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, including Mario Camerini’s Ulysses, Andrei Konchalovsky’s The Odyssey, and Joel and Ethan Coen’s O Brother, Where Art Thou?.
在《奥德赛》中,荷马笔下的佩内洛普和喀耳刻在确保英雄奥德修斯回家之旅的进展和成功方面发挥了至关重要的作用。她们在《奥德赛》中的行为让我们对这两个女人进行了复杂的解读。尽管如此,佩内洛普在银幕上经常被描绘成“善良、忠诚”的妻子,而喀耳刻则被描绘成“诱惑者”。虽然这些解释没有错,但它们是有限的,培养了对荷马女性的狭隘文化理解。在这篇文章中,我将使用《辛普森一家》的“公共领域的故事”作为我分析的基础,我认为,通过依赖于对这些女性的“已知”,而不是以更复杂的方式调查她们的角色,银幕改编进一步延续了这些性别隐喻。为了实现这一点,我将分析《辛普森一家》改编的《奥德赛》中性别角色是如何呈现的,特别关注佩内洛普和喀耳刻与故事主人公奥德修斯的互动和关系。我将把这些表现与20世纪和21世纪其他电影改编的例子进行比较,包括马里奥·卡梅里尼的《尤利西斯》、安德烈·康查洛夫斯基的《奥德赛》、乔尔和伊桑·科恩的《哦,兄弟,你在哪里?》
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引用次数: 0
Get In and Get Out: White Racial Transformation and the US Gothic Imagination 《进进出出:白人种族转型与美国哥特想象
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.3390/h12060129
Hannah Lauren Murray
This article examines the Gothic trope of White racial transformation in Robert Montgomery Bird’s Sheppard Lee (1836) and Jordan Peele’s Get Out (2017). These seemingly disparate texts both feature White men who turn Black via supernatural body hopping or experimental surgery. In these texts, Blackness acts as an emotional and material resource for White characters that perversely bolsters Whiteness by escaping it. Little-known outside of antebellum specialisms, Sheppard Lee enhances our understanding of race in the Gothic by considering why Whiteness may be rejected in the early nation. Written in the context of blackface minstrelsy, the novel transforms downwardly mobile Sheppard into an enslaved man as a respite from the pressures of economic success. Get Out builds on its nineteenth-century precursors by showing the Black body as a desired and necessary vessel for the “post-racial” White American self, who swaps their physical Whiteness for Blackness to extend or enhance their own life, turning Black men into extensions and enforcers of White middle-class culture. In uniting these texts through the lens of critical Whiteness studies, this article argues that White racial transformation is a long-held tradition in the US Gothic that not only expresses White desires and anxieties, but itself transforms in each specific historical racial context.
本文考察了罗伯特·蒙哥马利·伯德的《谢泼德·李》(1836)和乔丹·皮尔的《逃出绝命镇》(2017)中白人种族转型的哥特式比喻。这些看似完全不同的文本都讲述了白人通过超自然的身体跳跃或实验性手术变成黑人的故事。在这些文本中,黑人充当了白人角色的情感和物质资源,他们通过逃避白人而反常地支持白人。谢泼德·李在战前的专业知识之外鲜为人知,他通过思考为什么白人在早期国家可能被拒绝,增强了我们对哥特式种族的理解。在黑脸诗歌的背景下,小说将向下流动的谢泼德变成了一个被奴役的人,作为经济成功压力的喘息。《逃出绝命族》以其19世纪的先行者为基础,展示了黑人的身体是“后种族”美国白人自我渴望和必要的容器,他们把自己的白人身体变成了黑人,以延长或提高自己的生活,把黑人变成了白人中产阶级文化的延伸和执行者。通过对这些文本的批判性白人研究,本文认为白人的种族转变是美国哥特文学中一个长期存在的传统,它不仅表达了白人的欲望和焦虑,而且在每个特定的历史种族背景下进行了自身的转变。
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引用次数: 0
Intersections of Children’s Poetry, Popular Literature, and Mass Media: Fujimoto Giichi’s Adaptation of Holes in the Tin Roof like Stars from Tomo Fusako’s Poem to Radio Drama 儿童诗歌、大众文学与大众传媒的交叉点:藤本义一从富佐友夫的诗歌到广播剧的《星星一样的铁皮屋顶上的洞》改编
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3390/h12060128
Koji Toba
This paper investigates largely unexplored aspects of the postwar Japanese media industry by tracing the cross-media developments that bloomed from a single poem written by an elementary school girl. Tomo Fusako, a poor elementary school student, wrote the poem “Outage” in 1951 as part of her schoolwork. Tomo’s teacher, Bessho Yasoji, selected Tomo’s work to be published in an original poetry journal featuring children’s writing. Her poems and essays were eventually reprinted in magazines, collected volumes, and even published in textbooks. In 1958, Fujimoto Giichi, an unknown university student at the time, adapted “Outage” into a radio drama and stage play. These works were then further adapted for TV dramas. Children’s essays and poems made for attractive content for the publishing industry and the emerging fields of commercial radio and television media. Fujimoto himself became a famous television host, though it impeded his literary career. Examining Tomo and Fujimoto’s relationship with literary production and media adaptation reveals a cultural world far removed from the literary establishment’s (that is, the bundan’s) view of literature.
本文通过追踪从一位小学女生写的一首诗开始的跨媒体发展,调查了战后日本媒体产业中大部分未被探索的方面。富萨子友子是一名贫穷的小学生,她在1951年的作业中写了一首诗《停电》。友友的老师besshoo Yasoji选择友友的作品发表在一本以儿童写作为特色的原创诗歌杂志上。她的诗歌和散文最终被重印在杂志上、合集上,甚至被出版在教科书上。1958年,当时默默无闻的大学生藤本义一将《停电》改编成广播剧和舞台剧。这些作品后来被改编成电视剧。儿童散文和诗歌为出版业和新兴的商业广播电视媒体领域提供了有吸引力的内容。藤本本人成为了一名著名的电视主持人,尽管这阻碍了他的文学生涯。考察友木和藤本与文学生产和媒介改编的关系,我们会发现一个与文学建制派(即班丹派)的文学观相去甚远的文化世界。
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引用次数: 0
Making Words—The Unconscious in Translation: Philosophical, Psychoanalytical, and Philological Approaches 造词——翻译中的无意识:哲学、精神分析和语言学方法
0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.3390/h12060127
Judith Kasper
The topic of the article is the status of translation and homophony in philosophy, psychoanalysis and philology. The article focuses on the question of how translation is carried out using the basic principle of equivalence of meaning by homophony and what effects this can produce. The analysis of two case studies by Freud and Lacan shows that homophonic transfer from one language to another can be extremely productive for the subjective traversal of a phantasm. It is then shown that this is not, however, of purely subjective interest. Werner Hamacher has sketched the future of philology starting from such homophonic translations; Lacan has tried to advance to another theory of language through homophonic formations.
本文的主题是翻译和谐音在哲学、精神分析和语言学中的地位。本文主要探讨如何运用谐音对等的基本原则进行翻译,以及翻译的效果。弗洛伊德和拉康对两个案例的分析表明,从一种语言到另一种语言的谐音转移对于幻觉的主观穿越来说是非常有效的。然而,这并不是纯粹主观的兴趣。维尔纳·哈马赫从这种谐音翻译开始描绘了语言学的未来;拉康试图通过同音构象推进到另一种语言理论。
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引用次数: 0
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Humanities (Basel, Switzerland)
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