Composites Part B: Engineering最新文献_第7页

3D printing of ceramic matrix composites: Strengthening and toughening strategies 陶瓷基复合材料的 3D 打印：强化和增韧策略

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112335

Feng Zhang , Shixiang Zhou , Huaying You , Gang Zhang , Jiquan Yang , Yusheng Shi

Three dimensional (3D) printing, or additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramics has obtained broad attentions in recent years among industry and academia. However, ceramic materials inevitably suffer from their inherent brittleness and unexpected fracture. Thus, many researchers have developed various ceramic composites for diverse applications to overcome this drawback. In this review, versatile 3D printed ceramic composites are investigated, including carbonaceous materials reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMrCMCs), metal reinforced ceramic matrix composites (MrCMCs), polymer reinforced ceramic matrix composites (PrCMCs), and ceramic reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CrCMCs), a particular focus is placed on scrutinizing how the added reinforcements strengthen and toughen the 3D printed ceramic composite structures. Based on the categories of four reinforcement phases and seven main 3D printing technologies, various ceramic strengthening and toughening mechanisms are discussed, and it was found that CrCMCs encompass the most sophisticated toughening strategies, such as phase transformation toughening, microcrack toughening, crack deflection and bridging, whiskers/fiber toughening, and in-situ toughening etc. Some specific 3D printing technologies such as coaxial extrusion, and material extrusion of ceramic ink and continuous fibers are introduced. Finally, summary and a perspective for future research work in 3D printing of strengthened and toughened ceramic composites are discussed.

{"title":"3D printing of ceramic matrix composites: Strengthening and toughening strategies","authors":"Feng Zhang , Shixiang Zhou , Huaying You , Gang Zhang , Jiquan Yang , Yusheng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three dimensional (3D) printing, or additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramics has obtained broad attentions in recent years among industry and academia. However, ceramic materials inevitably suffer from their inherent brittleness and unexpected fracture. Thus, many researchers have developed various ceramic composites for diverse applications to overcome this drawback. In this review, versatile 3D printed ceramic composites are investigated, including carbonaceous materials reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMrCMCs), metal reinforced ceramic matrix composites (MrCMCs), polymer reinforced ceramic matrix composites (PrCMCs), and ceramic reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CrCMCs), a particular focus is placed on scrutinizing how the added reinforcements strengthen and toughen the 3D printed ceramic composite structures. Based on the categories of four reinforcement phases and seven main 3D printing technologies, various ceramic strengthening and toughening mechanisms are discussed, and it was found that CrCMCs encompass the most sophisticated toughening strategies, such as phase transformation toughening, microcrack toughening, crack deflection and bridging, whiskers/fiber toughening, and in-situ toughening etc. Some specific 3D printing technologies such as coaxial extrusion, and material extrusion of ceramic ink and continuous fibers are introduced. Finally, summary and a perspective for future research work in 3D printing of strengthened and toughened ceramic composites are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112335"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shear behavior and strain transmission mechanism in bonding interface of robust toughened epoxy/flattened bamboo composites

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112334

Qingdi Jia , Mingjie Guan , Shuai Qian , Mengyu Wu , Pulin Che , Xu Liu

To improve the brittle bonding interface of epoxy/flattened bamboo composite (EFB) and expand its application in bamboo buildings, the effects of bonding structures, alkali-treated surface, and toughened epoxy on shear bonding behavior of EFB were systemically investigated to completely understand bonding interface mechanism and novelly simulated models was analyzed. The microstructure and chemical bonding group of the EFB bonding interface were characterized to reveal the toughening bonding mechanisms. The tensile shear behavior of the bonding interface was analyzed by digital image correlation (DIC) and the strain transfer mechanism was simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). Results indicated that the bonding interphase between epoxy and flattened bamboo primarily involved mechanical interlocking in the bonding interface and chemical bonding in the parenchyma cells. The alkali-treated surface and toughened epoxy group (ATEG) improved epoxy penetration on flattened bamboo surface changing the interphase between epoxy and bamboo interface. Alkali-treated surface and toughened epoxy significantly enhanced shear strength and fracture energy of EFB. The maximum dry shear strength of ATEG was higher than control group, with increases varying across the three bonding structures. Under hygrothermal conditions, ATEG achieved the highest wet shear strength in core-reinforced structure with bamboo failure of 60 %. DIC analysis revealed the improvement of strain continuity and dispersion in ATEG under dry conditions, while strain concentration occurred mainly in interphase of EFB bonding interface under hygrothermal conditions leading to the debonding failure. FEA illustrated that alkali-treated surface and toughened epoxy reduced strain concentration in the interphase of bonding interface and improved strain distribution of EFB, consistent with DIC analysis.

{"title":"Shear behavior and strain transmission mechanism in bonding interface of robust toughened epoxy/flattened bamboo composites","authors":"Qingdi Jia , Mingjie Guan , Shuai Qian , Mengyu Wu , Pulin Che , Xu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the brittle bonding interface of epoxy/flattened bamboo composite (EFB) and expand its application in bamboo buildings, the effects of bonding structures, alkali-treated surface, and toughened epoxy on shear bonding behavior of EFB were systemically investigated to completely understand bonding interface mechanism and novelly simulated models was analyzed. The microstructure and chemical bonding group of the EFB bonding interface were characterized to reveal the toughening bonding mechanisms. The tensile shear behavior of the bonding interface was analyzed by digital image correlation (DIC) and the strain transfer mechanism was simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). Results indicated that the bonding interphase between epoxy and flattened bamboo primarily involved mechanical interlocking in the bonding interface and chemical bonding in the parenchyma cells. The alkali-treated surface and toughened epoxy group (ATEG) improved epoxy penetration on flattened bamboo surface changing the interphase between epoxy and bamboo interface. Alkali-treated surface and toughened epoxy significantly enhanced shear strength and fracture energy of EFB. The maximum dry shear strength of ATEG was higher than control group, with increases varying across the three bonding structures. Under hygrothermal conditions, ATEG achieved the highest wet shear strength in core-reinforced structure with bamboo failure of 60 %. DIC analysis revealed the improvement of strain continuity and dispersion in ATEG under dry conditions, while strain concentration occurred mainly in interphase of EFB bonding interface under hygrothermal conditions leading to the debonding failure. FEA illustrated that alkali-treated surface and toughened epoxy reduced strain concentration in the interphase of bonding interface and improved strain distribution of EFB, consistent with DIC analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112334"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-high temperature ceramic (HfC) reinforcement of laser powder-directed energy deposited inconel 718: Microstructural evolution and tensile properties at room and high temperatures

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112281

Wonjong Jeong , Joowon Suh , Suk Hoon Kang , Yejin Kang , Minseok Lee , Taegyu Lee , Kang Taek Lee , Ho Jin Ryu

This study explores the influence of ultra-high-temperature ceramic (UHTC) hafnium carbide (HfC) reinforcement on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 produced by laser powder directed energy deposition (LP-DED). Inconel 718 powder was uniformly coated with HfC particles (HfCp) via the surface modification and reinforcement transplantation (SMART) process. The introduction of HfCp, which accumulated at the melt pool surface during LP-DED, significantly enhanced the laser beam absorptivity, inducing localized heating that resulted in the dissolution of HfC and the formation of secondary phases, such as Ni₅Hf, (Hf,Nb,Ti)C, and Hf-enriched Laves phases. These secondary phases, causing Nb depletion, contributed to grain refinement, stabilized the microstructure, and promoted the formation of γ′/γ′′ co-precipitates. Mechanical testing revealed that at 650 °C, Inconel 718 samples reinforced with 1.5 vol% and 3.0 vol% HfC demonstrated superior tensile strength and elongation compared to the unreinforced sample, with no observed serration behavior. The secondary phases enhanced the dislocation density and strain-hardening behavior, while acting as diffusion barriers to prevent oxidation-induced intergranular cracking, whereas Hf and C specifically stabilized the grain boundaries, further enhancing the oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. These results emphasize the importance of reinforcing the laser beam absorptivity during the fabrication of high-performance composites by LP-DED and confirm that HfC-reinforced Inconel 718 has great potential for high-temperature applications.

{"title":"Ultra-high temperature ceramic (HfC) reinforcement of laser powder-directed energy deposited inconel 718: Microstructural evolution and tensile properties at room and high temperatures","authors":"Wonjong Jeong , Joowon Suh , Suk Hoon Kang , Yejin Kang , Minseok Lee , Taegyu Lee , Kang Taek Lee , Ho Jin Ryu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the influence of ultra-high-temperature ceramic (UHTC) hafnium carbide (HfC) reinforcement on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 produced by laser powder directed energy deposition (LP-DED). Inconel 718 powder was uniformly coated with HfC particles (HfCp) via the surface modification and reinforcement transplantation (SMART) process. The introduction of HfCp, which accumulated at the melt pool surface during LP-DED, significantly enhanced the laser beam absorptivity, inducing localized heating that resulted in the dissolution of HfC and the formation of secondary phases, such as Ni<sub>5</sub>Hf, (Hf,Nb,Ti)C, and Hf-enriched Laves phases. These secondary phases, causing Nb depletion, contributed to grain refinement, stabilized the microstructure, and promoted the formation of γ′/γ′′ co-precipitates. Mechanical testing revealed that at 650 °C, Inconel 718 samples reinforced with 1.5 vol% and 3.0 vol% HfC demonstrated superior tensile strength and elongation compared to the unreinforced sample, with no observed serration behavior. The secondary phases enhanced the dislocation density and strain-hardening behavior, while acting as diffusion barriers to prevent oxidation-induced intergranular cracking, whereas Hf and C specifically stabilized the grain boundaries, further enhancing the oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. These results emphasize the importance of reinforcing the laser beam absorptivity during the fabrication of high-performance composites by LP-DED and confirm that HfC-reinforced Inconel 718 has great potential for high-temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112281"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of crystalline PEEK sizing agent on the interfacial crystallization behavior and interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composites

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112307

Siyu Zhong, Zhongxin Dong, Yanwei Xiao, Yuan Li, LiangLiang Pei, Shengdao Wang, Guibin Wang

In recent years, numerous studies have reported the application of crystalline sizing agents for the interfacial modification of carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK/CF) composites. However, the underlying mechanism by which these agents improve the interfacial properties remains unclear. Therefore, the interfacial enhancement mechanism of PEEK/CF composites using crystalline PEEK sizing agents was explored from a microscopic perspective, specifically focusing on interfacial crystallization in this study. Firstly, the crystallization behavior of PEEK on the CF surfaces modified with varying concentrations of crystalline PEEK sizing agents was investigated using polarized optical microscope (POM). It was observed that the sizing agent could induce the formation of PEEK transcrystallinity (TC) on the CF surface, with the 1 wt% concentration of sizing agent resulting in the densest crystal nuclei. The lamellar morphology and molecular orientation of the TC layers were further analyzed. Correspondingly, higher interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was observed in PEEK/CF composites with denser TC structures. Furthermore, the film tensile tests and chemical solvent erosion experiments were conducted to investigate the distribution of weak interfacial phases. It was found that the TC layer did not introduce new “weak interfacial phases” into the composites and exhibited superior resistance to solvent erosion. Finally, the mechanism of action of crystalline PEEK sizing agents was discussed. It was proposed that PEEK molecules from the sizing agent could effectively fill the voids at the interface of the composites which were caused by the low mobility of high-viscosity PEEK resin matrix. This led to an increase in nucleation sites on the CF surface and the formation of a denser TC layer.

{"title":"The impact of crystalline PEEK sizing agent on the interfacial crystallization behavior and interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composites","authors":"Siyu Zhong, Zhongxin Dong, Yanwei Xiao, Yuan Li, LiangLiang Pei, Shengdao Wang, Guibin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, numerous studies have reported the application of crystalline sizing agents for the interfacial modification of carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK/CF) composites. However, the underlying mechanism by which these agents improve the interfacial properties remains unclear. Therefore, the interfacial enhancement mechanism of PEEK/CF composites using crystalline PEEK sizing agents was explored from a microscopic perspective, specifically focusing on interfacial crystallization in this study. Firstly, the crystallization behavior of PEEK on the CF surfaces modified with varying concentrations of crystalline PEEK sizing agents was investigated using polarized optical microscope (POM). It was observed that the sizing agent could induce the formation of PEEK transcrystallinity (TC) on the CF surface, with the 1 wt% concentration of sizing agent resulting in the densest crystal nuclei. The lamellar morphology and molecular orientation of the TC layers were further analyzed. Correspondingly, higher interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was observed in PEEK/CF composites with denser TC structures. Furthermore, the film tensile tests and chemical solvent erosion experiments were conducted to investigate the distribution of weak interfacial phases. It was found that the TC layer did not introduce new “weak interfacial phases” into the composites and exhibited superior resistance to solvent erosion. Finally, the mechanism of action of crystalline PEEK sizing agents was discussed. It was proposed that PEEK molecules from the sizing agent could effectively fill the voids at the interface of the composites which were caused by the low mobility of high-viscosity PEEK resin matrix. This led to an increase in nucleation sites on the CF surface and the formation of a denser TC layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112307"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tung oil-derived polyurethane composite foams based on dual dynamic phenol-carbamate exchange with desirable mechanical properties, flame retardancy and recyclability

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112306

Baozheng Zhao , Fei Song , Zheng Pan , Yijiao Xue , Linfeng Tian , Tiancheng Zhang , Li Tan , Rui Yang , Yonghong Zhou , Meng Zhang

At present, thermoset polyurethane foams were mainly derived from petroleum-based resources and faced inherent challenges such as difficulty in recycling and fire hazard. In this study, tung oil and catechol were used to prepare tung oil-derived polyphenols via Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. These polyphenols were combined with isocyanate to synthesize tung oil-derived polyurethane (TPU) foam. With the presence of dual dynamically cross-linked phenol-carbamate bonds, the TPU foam could be hot-pressed several times into a smooth and homogeneous TPU film. To improve the fire resistance and compressive strength of TPU foam, phytic acid functionalized metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66-NH₂@PA) flame retardants were successfully synthesized by one-pot solvothermal method. By adding 20 wt% of flame retardants, the TPU composite foams achieved a UL-94 V-0 flammability rating with a limiting oxygen index of 28.1 vol%. The total heat release, total smoke release, CO production and CO₂ production of the TPU composite foams were reduced by 43.1 %, 57.8 %, 63.6 % and 62.1 %, respectively, compared to the pure TPU foam. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the TPU composite foam continued to increase with increasing flame retardants content, reaching a maximum of 0.55 MPa. Importantly, the introduction of the flame retardants didn't affect the hot-press recycling performance of the TPU foam, but instead improved the tensile strength and flame retardancy of the recycled TPU film. This work paved the way to produce bio-based PU foam with excellent flame retardancy and recyclability.

{"title":"Tung oil-derived polyurethane composite foams based on dual dynamic phenol-carbamate exchange with desirable mechanical properties, flame retardancy and recyclability","authors":"Baozheng Zhao , Fei Song , Zheng Pan , Yijiao Xue , Linfeng Tian , Tiancheng Zhang , Li Tan , Rui Yang , Yonghong Zhou , Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At present, thermoset polyurethane foams were mainly derived from petroleum-based resources and faced inherent challenges such as difficulty in recycling and fire hazard. In this study, tung oil and catechol were used to prepare tung oil-derived polyphenols via Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. These polyphenols were combined with isocyanate to synthesize tung oil-derived polyurethane (TPU) foam. With the presence of dual dynamically cross-linked phenol-carbamate bonds, the TPU foam could be hot-pressed several times into a smooth and homogeneous TPU film. To improve the fire resistance and compressive strength of TPU foam, phytic acid functionalized metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>@PA) flame retardants were successfully synthesized by one-pot solvothermal method. By adding 20 wt% of flame retardants, the TPU composite foams achieved a UL-94 V-0 flammability rating with a limiting oxygen index of 28.1 vol%. The total heat release, total smoke release, CO production and CO<sub>2</sub> production of the TPU composite foams were reduced by 43.1 %, 57.8 %, 63.6 % and 62.1 %, respectively, compared to the pure TPU foam. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the TPU composite foam continued to increase with increasing flame retardants content, reaching a maximum of 0.55 MPa. Importantly, the introduction of the flame retardants didn't affect the hot-press recycling performance of the TPU foam, but instead improved the tensile strength and flame retardancy of the recycled TPU film. This work paved the way to produce bio-based PU foam with excellent flame retardancy and recyclability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112306"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancement of flexural strength of γ-C2S carbonated compacts through in situ synthesis of Mg-calcite

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112331

Yunchao Liang , Yunpeng Liu , Zhichao Liu , Fazhou Wang , Shuguang Hu

To address the inherent brittleness of carbonated gamma calcium silicate (γ-C₂S) material, we controlled the crystal transformation of γ-C₂S during the carbonization process to facilitate the development of Mg-calcite particles as secondary phases. In this study, highly Mg-calcite carbonated compacts were synthesized in situ by modulating the concentration of MgCl₂ in an aqueous solution. The mechanisms underlying the toughening of these compacts are discussed in detail. The resulting carbonated compacts prepared in 0.1 or 0.5 mol/L MgCl₂ solutions exhibited compressive strengths over 100 MPa and flexural strengths exceeding 40 MPa. Additional MgCl₂ introduced a chemical looping that accelerates the carbonation reaction. Simultaneously, the formation of Mg-calcite and aragonite induced structural deformation and internal coherent strain, enhancing the capacity of the γ-C₂S carbonated compacts to withstand high flexural stresses. Furthermore, the interaction of Mg²⁺ ions with silica gels promoted the formation of highly polymerized M-S-H structures, resulting in an increased elastic modulus of the carbonated matrix. This toughening strategy effectively addresses the inherent challenges associated with carbonatable binders and holds promise for developing low-carbon cement alternatives.

{"title":"Enhancement of flexural strength of γ-C2S carbonated compacts through in situ synthesis of Mg-calcite","authors":"Yunchao Liang , Yunpeng Liu , Zhichao Liu , Fazhou Wang , Shuguang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the inherent brittleness of carbonated gamma calcium silicate (γ-C<sub>2</sub>S) material, we controlled the crystal transformation of γ-C<sub>2</sub>S during the carbonization process to facilitate the development of Mg-calcite particles as secondary phases. In this study, highly Mg-calcite carbonated compacts were synthesized in situ by modulating the concentration of MgCl<sub>2</sub> in an aqueous solution. The mechanisms underlying the toughening of these compacts are discussed in detail. The resulting carbonated compacts prepared in 0.1 or 0.5 mol/L MgCl<sub>2</sub> solutions exhibited compressive strengths over 100 MPa and flexural strengths exceeding 40 MPa. Additional MgCl<sub>2</sub> introduced a chemical looping that accelerates the carbonation reaction. Simultaneously, the formation of Mg-calcite and aragonite induced structural deformation and internal coherent strain, enhancing the capacity of the γ-C<sub>2</sub>S carbonated compacts to withstand high flexural stresses. Furthermore, the interaction of Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions with silica gels promoted the formation of highly polymerized M-S-H structures, resulting in an increased elastic modulus of the carbonated matrix. This toughening strategy effectively addresses the inherent challenges associated with carbonatable binders and holds promise for developing low-carbon cement alternatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112331"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing mechanical properties, durability and multifunctionality of concrete structures via using ultra-high performance concrete layer: A review

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112329

Sufen Dong , Jinfang Gu , Xinyu Ouyang , Sung-Hwan Jang , Baoguo Han

As a kind of advanced cement-based composites with superior mechanical properties and remarkable durability, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) shows great potential in repairing and strengthening concrete structures in the form of layers. Hence, this paper firstly conducts a systematic review on the static/dynamic mechanical properties, interfacial bond performance between UHPC layer and concrete, durability, and multifunctional/eco-friendly properties (e.g. self-sensing, self-heating, self-healing, self-cleaning, and self-liminescence capability) of UHPC layer repaired/strengthened concrete structures. Carbon polymer reinforced plastic bars reinforced UHPC layer significantly enhances the flexural ultimate load and ductility of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, and two-sided layers are economical and reasonable. Roughing interface and epoxy adhesive treatment are conducive to increasing flexural ultimate load and shear resistance of UHPC layer-strengthened RC beams. The failure mode of RC beams under impact load tends to change from shear to flexure by UHPC layer, and the gap less than 10 mm between UHPC layer and RC beam limits crack development in RC beams under single impact load. Strengthening the column-foot zone by using a UHPC jacket with the size higher than the plastic hinge zone improves their seismic performance of RC columns. The increase of NSC substrate strength, surface moisture, the using of water-based epoxy resin agent, and the proper curing can improve the interfacial bond strength between UHPC layer and RC beam. Meanwhile, it is worthwhile to note that UHPC layer is not beneficial for increasing high-temperature spalling resistance of RC structures, but can be used to develop smart and multifunctional infrastructures.

{"title":"Enhancing mechanical properties, durability and multifunctionality of concrete structures via using ultra-high performance concrete layer: A review","authors":"Sufen Dong , Jinfang Gu , Xinyu Ouyang , Sung-Hwan Jang , Baoguo Han","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a kind of advanced cement-based composites with superior mechanical properties and remarkable durability, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) shows great potential in repairing and strengthening concrete structures in the form of layers. Hence, this paper firstly conducts a systematic review on the static/dynamic mechanical properties, interfacial bond performance between UHPC layer and concrete, durability, and multifunctional/eco-friendly properties (e.g. self-sensing, self-heating, self-healing, self-cleaning, and self-liminescence capability) of UHPC layer repaired/strengthened concrete structures. Carbon polymer reinforced plastic bars reinforced UHPC layer significantly enhances the flexural ultimate load and ductility of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, and two-sided layers are economical and reasonable. Roughing interface and epoxy adhesive treatment are conducive to increasing flexural ultimate load and shear resistance of UHPC layer-strengthened RC beams. The failure mode of RC beams under impact load tends to change from shear to flexure by UHPC layer, and the gap less than 10 mm between UHPC layer and RC beam limits crack development in RC beams under single impact load. Strengthening the column-foot zone by using a UHPC jacket with the size higher than the plastic hinge zone improves their seismic performance of RC columns. The increase of NSC substrate strength, surface moisture, the using of water-based epoxy resin agent, and the proper curing can improve the interfacial bond strength between UHPC layer and RC beam. Meanwhile, it is worthwhile to note that UHPC layer is not beneficial for increasing high-temperature spalling resistance of RC structures, but can be used to develop smart and multifunctional infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112329"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Encapsulation of cement particles for self-healing mortars

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112282

Dawei Sun , Jiaxin Wang , Li Maoshuo , Li Wenjuan , Ma Wenxu , Chen Zhen , Wang Yali , Cui Suping

Cracks in cement-based materials are inevitable and compromise the durability of structures. Although unhydrated cement clinkers possess good self-healing capability, its service life is often unsatisfactory. In this study, cement powder was fabricated into dense cement particles using a wet granulation method, followed by encapsulation through the melt dispersion condensation method. The resulting capsules had cement particles as the core and glycerol tristearate-polyurea composites as the shell material. Final capsules exhibited good dispersibility and a clear core-shell structure. The average particle size was 900.5 ± 83.1 μm, with a core content of 56.6 wt%, and the compressive strength was approximately 7.6 MPa. The addition of capsules will affect the performance of the matrix. In self-healing mortars, about 80 % of the capsules broke within the cracks. Most importantly, the self-healing mortar after hydration for 28 days was able to completely heal cracks with widths below 100.0 μm, along with fully restoring its impermeability.

{"title":"Encapsulation of cement particles for self-healing mortars","authors":"Dawei Sun , Jiaxin Wang , Li Maoshuo , Li Wenjuan , Ma Wenxu , Chen Zhen , Wang Yali , Cui Suping","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cracks in cement-based materials are inevitable and compromise the durability of structures. Although unhydrated cement clinkers possess good self-healing capability, its service life is often unsatisfactory. In this study, cement powder was fabricated into dense cement particles using a wet granulation method, followed by encapsulation through the melt dispersion condensation method. The resulting capsules had cement particles as the core and glycerol tristearate-polyurea composites as the shell material. Final capsules exhibited good dispersibility and a clear core-shell structure. The average particle size was 900.5 ± 83.1 μm, with a core content of 56.6 wt%, and the compressive strength was approximately 7.6 MPa. The addition of capsules will affect the performance of the matrix. In self-healing mortars, about 80 % of the capsules broke within the cracks. Most importantly, the self-healing mortar after hydration for 28 days was able to completely heal cracks with widths below 100.0 μm, along with fully restoring its impermeability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112282"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Superhydrophobic carbon nanodot-tube/MXene/microfiber coupling textile for highly reliable amphibious human motion monitoring 用于高可靠性两栖人体运动监测的超疏水碳纳米管/MXene/超细纤维耦合织物

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112309

Haoyang Song , Yibo Liang , Junchi Ma , Yang Cai , Yibo Wang , Ximan Wang , Hongjia Zhang , Changsheng Liu , Yongquan Qing

Superhydrophobic flexible strain sensors exhibit significant potential for detecting human behavior in amphibious environments. However, stable monitoring of amphibious human motion remains a notable challenge, as electronic devices exposed to wet environments, particularly corrosive liquids, can lose their effectiveness due to damage to conductive networks. Herein, we report the design of a superhydrophobic carbon nanodot-tube/MXene/microfiber coupled textile (SCNCT) by dip-coating a 2D conductive adhesive layer, followed by spray-coating a suspension of fluorinated 0D/1D conductive networks onto substrates. Such material retains excellent superhydrophobicity even after mechanical damages and soaking in 0.1 M strong acid/alkali and 3.5 wt% saline for 3 h. After enduring various tests, including ultrasonic vibrations, continuous solid impacts, extreme thermal conditions, and applications involving multiple limb deformations, the SCNCT still remains capable of stably outputting signals. Importantly, the SCNCT, equipped with a multi-dimensional interlocking structure, reliably monitors the full-range human behaviors across various conditions—wet environments, underwater, and even in simulated seawater. This work offers a simple and practical solution for developing highly reliable strain sensors with a response that is stable in extremely wet environments.

{"title":"Superhydrophobic carbon nanodot-tube/MXene/microfiber coupling textile for highly reliable amphibious human motion monitoring","authors":"Haoyang Song , Yibo Liang , Junchi Ma , Yang Cai , Yibo Wang , Ximan Wang , Hongjia Zhang , Changsheng Liu , Yongquan Qing","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superhydrophobic flexible strain sensors exhibit significant potential for detecting human behavior in amphibious environments. However, stable monitoring of amphibious human motion remains a notable challenge, as electronic devices exposed to wet environments, particularly corrosive liquids, can lose their effectiveness due to damage to conductive networks. Herein, we report the design of a superhydrophobic carbon nanodot-tube/MXene/microfiber coupled textile (SCNCT) by dip-coating a 2D conductive adhesive layer, followed by spray-coating a suspension of fluorinated 0D/1D conductive networks onto substrates. Such material retains excellent superhydrophobicity even after mechanical damages and soaking in 0.1 M strong acid/alkali and 3.5 wt% saline for 3 h. After enduring various tests, including ultrasonic vibrations, continuous solid impacts, extreme thermal conditions, and applications involving multiple limb deformations, the SCNCT still remains capable of stably outputting signals. Importantly, the SCNCT, equipped with a multi-dimensional interlocking structure, reliably monitors the full-range human behaviors across various conditions—wet environments, underwater, and even in simulated seawater. This work offers a simple and practical solution for developing highly reliable strain sensors with a response that is stable in extremely wet environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112309"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel analytical model to characterise the monotonic and cyclic contribution of fibre bridging during Mode I fatigue delamination in (C)FRPs

IF 12.7 1区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Composites Part B: Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112319

Francisco Maciel Monticeli , Davide Biagini , Yasmine Mosleh , John-Alan Pascoe

Fibre bridging is an important phenomenon influencing the mode I delamination growth behaviour in composite materials. Accurate modelling of this phenomenon is required in order to be able to account for its effects in damage tolerance evaluation of composite structures. Therefore, this study introduces a novel physical model to isolate and quantify the contribution of fibre bridging to Mode I fatigue delamination. The model distinguishes between monotonic and cyclic components of fibre bridging stress, capturing their individual effects on the strain energy release rate (SERR) in the Paris curve. The monotonic component, based on the Sørensen model, accounts for pre-cracking effects, while the cyclic component is derived by integrating a bridging stress function over the end-opening displacement, with both components modelled by empirical exponential relationships. The model has been validated against established methods such as the Yao model and specific extrapolation techniques, demonstrating improved accuracy in fitting the Paris curve, particularly in accounting for the monotonic influence in the shift of the SERR and the cyclic contribution to the curve slope. Importantly, the model requires only one quasi-static and one fatigue test, reducing the experimental workload. In conclusion, this method provides a more accurate characterisation of fibre bridging effects, making it a robust tool for fatigue delamination analysis.

{"title":"A novel analytical model to characterise the monotonic and cyclic contribution of fibre bridging during Mode I fatigue delamination in (C)FRPs","authors":"Francisco Maciel Monticeli , Davide Biagini , Yasmine Mosleh , John-Alan Pascoe","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fibre bridging is an important phenomenon influencing the mode I delamination growth behaviour in composite materials. Accurate modelling of this phenomenon is required in order to be able to account for its effects in damage tolerance evaluation of composite structures. Therefore, this study introduces a novel physical model to isolate and quantify the contribution of fibre bridging to Mode I fatigue delamination. The model distinguishes between monotonic and cyclic components of fibre bridging stress, capturing their individual effects on the strain energy release rate (SERR) in the Paris curve. The monotonic component, based on the Sørensen model, accounts for pre-cracking effects, while the cyclic component is derived by integrating a bridging stress function over the end-opening displacement, with both components modelled by empirical exponential relationships. The model has been validated against established methods such as the Yao model and specific extrapolation techniques, demonstrating improved accuracy in fitting the Paris curve, particularly in accounting for the monotonic influence in the shift of the SERR and the cyclic contribution to the curve slope. Importantly, the model requires only one quasi-static and one fatigue test, reducing the experimental workload. In conclusion, this method provides a more accurate characterisation of fibre bridging effects, making it a robust tool for fatigue delamination analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 112319"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0