Composites Part B: Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Superior compressive energy absorption and ultra-high damping via synergistic effects in an inoculated Zn–22Al alloy foam-filled CFRP tube composite","authors":"Jianjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengqi Lu ,&nbsp;Guangli Bi ,&nbsp;Weirong Li ,&nbsp;Zhixian Jiao ,&nbsp;Yuandong Li ,&nbsp;Tijun Chen ,&nbsp;Qingzhou Wang ,&nbsp;Le Gao ,&nbsp;Chunhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern aerospace design demands lightweight materials capable of simultaneous energy absorption and vibration suppression. To address this demand, a grain-refined Zn–22Al (ZA22) alloy foam-filled carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) tube composite (ZA22-CFRP FFTC) was developed, featuring a robust interface between the CFRP tube and ZA22 foam core. The foam pore walls consist of fine equiaxed α-phase and reticular η-phase, achieved via grain refinement with an (Al₃Ni + Al₃Ti)/Al inoculant. Quasi-static and dynamic compression tests indicate the FFTC exhibits superior and more stable load-bearing capacity and energy absorption compared to the theoretical superposition of its individual constituents, confirming a significant synergistic effect. Under quasi-static loading, the 1.0 mm wall-thickness FFTC achieves optimal performance, with a specific energy absorption (SEA) 50.25% higher than that of pure ZA22 foam. Under dynamic loading, the 0.5 mm wall-thickness FFTC shows an extended, stable compression plateau, leading to a 114.4% increase in SEA. The composites also display distinct strain-rate sensitivity, with mechanical properties following a non-monotonic“increase-then-decrease”trend. Furthermore, the FFTC demonstrates ultra-high damping capacity over wide ranges of strain amplitudes (10⁻⁵–10⁻³) and temperatures (30–100 °C), with room-temperature damping enhanced by up to 401.9% relative to the theoretical superposition with increasing CFRP volume fraction. These enhancements in compressive energy absorption and damping, exceeding the sum of individual components, are attributed to the coupling effect induced by synergistic component interactions. The underlying mechanisms are thoroughly elucidated through in-depth microstructural analysis and finite element analysis (FEA).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113493"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A carbon fiber elastomer film for mechanically anisotropic enhancement of stretchable electronics","authors":"Junhao Ni ,&nbsp;Carola Böhmer ,&nbsp;Markus Koenigsdorff ,&nbsp;Andreas Richter ,&nbsp;Gerald Gerlach ,&nbsp;E.-F. Markus Vorrath","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stretchable electronic devices with micro-to sub-millimeter thickness are increasingly used in soft robotics, wearable healthcare, and human-machine interfaces. However, the mechanical isotropy of commonly used elastomers leads to undesirable deformation in transverse directions, reducing actuation efficiency, sensing precision, and geometric stability. Here, we present a low-cost, easy-to-produce and readily applicable carbon fiber elastomer film (CFEF) that imparts pronounced mechanical anisotropy when laminated onto isotropic elastomers. The CFEF is fabricated by embedding unidirectionally aligned carbon fiber monofilaments within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. The composite exhibits high stiffness along the carbon fiber axis, while remaining highly compliant in the direction perpendicular to the fibers. Fabrication requires only commercially available materials and standard processes, ensuring compatibility with existing devices. For a 200 μm thick PDMS film, it suppresses transverse strain by 95%. Applied to strip-type multilayer dielectric elastomer actuators, the CFEF increases actuation strain by 22%. In dielectric elastomer sensors, an anisotropy ratio of 80.6:1 is achieved. This approach offers an effective and manufacturing-friendly solution for tailoring directional mechanical properties in thin, soft electronic systems without compromising flexibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113417"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust doping strategy for carbon nanotube sheets via covalent functionalization","authors":"Minseouk Choi ,&nbsp;Kyung Tae Park ,&nbsp;Dong Uk Woo ,&nbsp;Jinho Jang ,&nbsp;Kyunbae Lee ,&nbsp;Yeonsu Jung ,&nbsp;Hyejin Jang ,&nbsp;Taehoon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Doped carbon nanotube sheets (CNTSs) are promising conductive materials for copper alternatives, but their practical use is limited by poor doping stability from weak van der Waals interactions, causing desorption in solvents. Here, we introduce a novel method for stable n-type and p-type doping by covalently functionalizing CNTSs with amine and sulfonic groups, respectively. Our amine- and sulfonic-functionalized CNTSs show significantly improved specific electrical conductivities of 20,490 and 17,593 S cm² g⁻¹, compared to 11,475 S cm² g⁻¹ for pristine CNTS. For practical applications, they were applied as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films and current collectors for supercapacitors. They exhibit enhanced EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 44.6 and 40.9 dB at 8.2 GHz (5.2 μm), respectively, compared to 34.5 dB of pristine CNTSs. Also, amine-functionalized CNTSs show outstanding absolute SE of 431,250 dB cm² g⁻¹ owing to improved conductivity while maintaining lightweight nature of CNTSs. Critically, they maintained their conductivity and EMI SE after washing with diluted sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide solution, DI water, as well as after annealing, bending, and air exposure, unlike conventionally doped CNTSs suffering from dopant leaching. Furthermore, when applied as supercapacitor current collectors and electrode, functionalized CNTSs exhibit enhanced rate capabilities due to their robust conductivity. Unlike physisorbed dopants, which leach into electrolytes and degrade performance, covalent functionalization ensures stable doping and consistent performance within the electrolyte. This new strategy offers a significant breakthrough in both the electrical conductivity and long-term stability of CNTSs, opening doors for diverse and demanding applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113482"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable and physics-informed graph neural modeling for intelligent damage localization in CFRP composites","authors":"Xinming Li ,&nbsp;Jinrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Kehui Zhu ,&nbsp;Qingrui Hu ,&nbsp;Lingyu Sun ,&nbsp;Jiawei Gu ,&nbsp;Wenhan Lyu ,&nbsp;Yanxue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reliable and interpretable detection of structural damage in carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites remains a fundamental challenge in structural health monitoring, as wave propagation is strongly influenced by anisotropy, multimodal interference, and complex boundary conditions. Traditional model driven and deep learning approaches often fail to maintain both accuracy and physical consistency in such heterogeneous propagation environments, thereby limiting their scalability to real world engineering applications. To address these limitations, this study introduces a Physics-Informed Graph Modeling framework with Individualized Dynamics (PIGMind), which integrates physical priors with graph based representation learning to achieve intelligent damage localization. The framework embeds physics derived energy indicators into graph construction, allowing the adjacency topology to explicitly represent the directional dependence of ultrasonic guided wave propagation. Furthermore, a node personalized embedding mechanism and a regularization enhanced decoding module are incorporated to capture path level heterogeneity and preserve geometric consistency within the latent space. Extensive experiments on a CFRP plate instrumented with an eight-sensor array demonstrate that PIGMind achieves a mean localization error of 10.18 mm, representing a 7.8% improvement over the graph based methods, while maintaining stable performance under anisotropic and noisy conditions. Beyond quantitative performance, the framework reconstructs physically interpretable latent manifolds that capture intrinsic patterns of energy diffusion and coupling, thereby bridging data driven inference with wave propagation physics. This work establishes a generalizable paradigm for physics-informed spatiotemporal graph learning, paving the way for scalable, interpretable, and physically consistent intelligent damage diagnosis in complex composite structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113469"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a cross-dimensional interfacial transition layer with MXene and aramid nanofiber for carbon fiber/ poly (ether ether ketone) composites interfacial enhancement","authors":"Yingze Li ,&nbsp;Xingyue Tang ,&nbsp;Jiqiang Hu ,&nbsp;Lianchao Wang ,&nbsp;Dongxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinghong Zhang ,&nbsp;Bing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intrinsic inert surface structure of carbon fiber (CF) results in a weak interfacial adhesion with poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), deteriorating the mechanical performance of CF/PEEK composites. In order to solve this longstanding obstacle, a cross-dimensional interfacial transition layer strategy is proposed, containing of aramid nanofiber (ANF), Ti₃C₂T_x MXene, and a matrix-compatibilizer of polyetherimide (PEI) to coat on CF surface. The interactions between each component contributes to constructing a uniform sizing layer on CF surface, significantly increasing the CF surface roughness and improving the wettability between CF and PEEK. Furthermore, the crystallinity of PEEK displays a slight increment and the interphase region has been expanded, forming a gradient modulus-plateau as the introduction of MXene-ANF/PEI sizing agent. These synergistically reinforcement mechanism results in the elevated mechanical performance of CF/PEEK composites. In brief, this cross-dimensional transition layer approach provides an effective route for fabricating the high-performance CF/PEEK composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113491"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional graphene thermal switch material with adaptive heat control, flame retardant and machine learning-assisted monitor for high-efficiency battery management","authors":"Haiqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yihao Li ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Song Shi ,&nbsp;Lili Zheng ,&nbsp;Tianle Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongyao Xue ,&nbsp;Zhiming Liu ,&nbsp;Mingjia Li ,&nbsp;Yan He","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Safe and efficient operation of high-energy-density battery systems relies on thermal management. But current methods of thermal management are not always up to snuff when it comes to thermal response and flame resistance. By manipulating the microstructure of low-grade graphene through gas evaporation and directional freeze-drying, we were able to create a thermally switchable flame-retardant material that can undergo fast transitions. In 20 s at around 140 °C, the material goes from being conductive (1.23 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹) to being insulating (0.11 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹), thus combining the roles of efficient heat transfer and thermal insulation. By acting as a separator in nickel-manganese lithium-ion batteries, this material improves the stability of the modules and decreases the dangers of explosions caused by thermal runaway by drastically reducing heat diffusion. Additionally, a thermosensitive flame-retardant composite with many functions based on graphene was created to assist with responsive heat management. In order to facilitate proactive risk assessment, infrared imaging and real-time temperature data were used to detect early-stage thermal abnormalities using the machine learning system. A new, economical, and scalable method for controlling electric vehicle and energy storage battery safety has been developed through the combination of intelligent detection and thermal switching. This method promotes improvements in performance and inherent safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 113480"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aligned cellulose nanofibril ionogels with continuous micro-nanochannels for ionic thermoelectrics and self-powered sensors","authors":"Nan Liu ,&nbsp;Xinpeng Che ,&nbsp;Wenjing Cao ,&nbsp;He Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinming Wei ,&nbsp;Mingjie Li ,&nbsp;Anshan Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable and distributed power sources, driven by advances in the Internet of Things and flexible wearable electronics, has intensified the focus on thermoelectric energy harvesting. Although inorganic thermoelectric materials (e.g., Bi₂Te₃) exhibit high conversion efficiency, their rigidity, high cost, and dependence on scarce or toxic elements hinder their use in flexible applications. In contrast, ionic thermoelectric materials (i-TEs) show advantages, including high Seebeck coefficients, flexibility, and biocompatibility. However, conventional ionogels typically possess disordered polymer networks, which lead to low ionic conductivity and limited Seebeck coefficient enhancement. To address this challenge, we use cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) to construct a well-aligned micro-nanochannel via directional freezing. This design offers continuous and low-resistance pathways, markedly facilitating ion transport. Meanwhile, nano-confinement effects enhance ion selectivity at low concentrations and promote asymmetric ion distribution, leading to a synergistic improvement of thermoelectric performance. The resulting ionic thermoelectric material achieves a Seebeck coefficient of 3.47 mV K⁻¹ and an outstanding power output of 223.51 mW m⁻² at ΔT∼20 °C, comparable or superior to many reported conventional i-TE systems. This work proposes a novel strategy for regulating ion migration pathways and provides a fundamental basis for developing high-performance flexible ion-thermoelectric devices and self-powered sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113490"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-assisted activation of high-modulus carbon fibres for interface engineering: Elucidating the distinct roles of electrostatic wetting and van der Waals locking","authors":"Jiabao Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuhong Dong ,&nbsp;Zheng Chen ,&nbsp;Jianjun Yi ,&nbsp;Cong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Chen ,&nbsp;Hongbo Geng ,&nbsp;Tianming Li ,&nbsp;Xianhua Huan ,&nbsp;Hefeng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Jia ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interface is pivotal for optimizing the performance of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites. However, high-modulus carbon fibres (HMCFs) featured with a high degree of graphitization and a scarcity of microcrystalline active sites exhibit intrinsic surface inertness that hinders effective interfacial stress transfer. Here, an innovative microwave-assisted activation strategy was developed to employ the intrinsic electromagnetic duality of HMCFs, converting structural adversity (surface inertness) into functional advantage (surface responsiveness). In contrast to previous phenomenological microwave treatments, the graphitization degree of HMCFs is explicitly treated as a process-design parameter to regulate microwave response and activation outcome. The maximum interfacial enhancement was achieved by the mM55J/epoxy (EP) due to its higher microwave responsiveness induced by the higher graphitization degree. Specifically, cross-scale DFT-MD simulations with separate mechanism analysis and a quantitatively parameterized roughness model were constructed to elucidate the molecular interaction mechanisms, revealing that electrostatic interactions from oxygen-containing groups predominantly govern resin wetting, whereas roughness-induced van der Waals confinement stabilizes interfacial adhesion. Furthermore, an enhancement of 49.1% in the thickness of the interphase modulus transition layer was evaluated by AFM, and the thickening mechanism was attributed to the coupling of molecular confinement and vdW interaction energy. This work quantitatively elucidates the microscopic mechanism by which changes in the physicochemical state of fibre surfaces enhance interfacial reinforcement, and establishes a transferable methodology for the rational design of roughness-sensitive carbon-polymer interfaces. Finally, the efficient and environmentally-friendly strategy used in this work provides a promising pathway for the rapid interface construction of next-generation inert carbon materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113479"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on synergistic effects of acoustic and mechanical properties of 3D-Printed continuous flax fiber reinforced PLA composites through controlling impregnation speed and printing parameters","authors":"Zhixiong Bi ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongsen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Long ,&nbsp;Weidong Yang ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant fibers have attracted growing interest as sustainable acoustic materials owing to their remarkable sound absorption properties and biodegradability. In this study, a systematic control strategy involving impregnation speed and fused filament fabrication (FFF) printing parameters was implemented to optimize the acoustic and mechanical performance of continuous flax fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites (CFFRCs). Firstly, a physics-based infiltration numerical model was developed to characterize the relationship between impregnation speed and resin penetration depth by solving the Brinkman-Forchheimer equations. The resin flow process was illustrated through incorporating the inherent non-uniform fiber distributions arising from natural discontinuities and the hierarchical structure of flax yarns to guide the preparation of pre-impregnated flax yarns with different impregnation speeds. The continuous nature of the flax fibers was maintained throughout the printing and impregnating process, forming the structural backbone of the final CFFRCs. Subsequently, the influence of impregnation speed on void formation was investigated by evaluating the tensile and sound absorption properties of CFFRCs fabricated using pre-impregnated flax yarns at various impregnation speeds. Finally, the relationships between the critical printing parameters (i.e., printing orientations, line width, and infill layers), voids formation, and acoustic and mechanical performances of CFFRCs were established. The experimental and numerical results demonstrated a fundamental trade-off where increased porosity significantly improved sound absorption coefficients through enhanced viscous friction and resonance effects within the void networks, while concurrently reducing tensile strength due to disrupted load transfer pathways. The non-uniform fiber distributions in the flax yarns exhibited significant sensitivity to impregnation speed during the impregnation process. Through precise control of impregnation parameters, substantial improvements in fiber-matrix interfacial bonding were achieved in 3D-printed CFFRCs, accompanied by a remarkable reduction in porosity. Both the enhanced mechanical properties and maintained sound absorption capabilities were achieved by designing the printing parameters. Printing orientations was critical for mechanical optimization, while acoustic performance depended on line width. The findings provided a clear pathway for designing the 3D-printed CFFRCs integrated with load-bearing and functionality in future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113487"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel architecture of soft magnetoelectric composites for human-machine interaction","authors":"Zhangbo Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Xiao ,&nbsp;Yihua Xiao ,&nbsp;Hanlin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.113484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft magnetoelectric composites have great potential in energy harvesting, flexible sensing, and human-machine interaction (HMI). However, their electrical output capacity is limited, as mechanical deformation typically induces only minimal changes in magnetic flux. Herein, a new soft magnetoelectric composite (SMEC) is proposed to enhance voltage output. The SMEC integrates a coil, a soft scaffold, and a soft magnetoelastic block. Under axial load, the soft magnetoelastic block rotates while approaching the coil. The rotation of the magnetic field and the changed distance between the magnetoelastic block and the coil collectively induce a significant variation in magnetic flux, thereby enhancing voltage output. Furthermore, the continued axial load induces elastic deformation of the soft magnetoelastic block, further modulating the magnetic flux. The maximum voltage density and current density that SMEC can achieve are 9.87 mV/cm² and 0.75 mA/cm², respectively. Both indicators are higher than those of previous soft magnetoelectric composites. Additionally, the SMEC can output three voltage signals with different peak values as the direction of the applied pressure is different. Leveraging this characteristic, the SMEC is integrated into two HMI systems, successfully enabling precise controls such as light switching, PPT page turning, virtual button switching, and playing video games. This study proposes a novel strategy to induce magnetic field rotation via mechanical loads, providing a new pathway for breaking the performance limitations of soft magnetoelectric composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10660,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part B: Engineering","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 113484"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}