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A Lightweight Pipeline Edge Detection Model Based on Heterogeneous Knowledge Distillation 基于异构知识蒸馏的轻量级管道边缘检测模型
IF 4.4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1109/tcsii.2024.3439361
Chengyuan Zhu, Yanyun Pu, Zhuoling Lyu, Aonan Wu, Kaixiang Yang, Qinmin Yang
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引用次数: 0
A Fully Quantized Training Accelerator for Diffusion Network With Tensor Type & Noise Strength Aware Precision Scheduling 张量类型和噪声强度感知精确调度扩散网络的全量化训练加速器
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3439319
Ruoyang Liu;Wenxun Wang;Chen Tang;Weichen Gao;Huazhong Yang;Yongpan Liu
Fine-grained mixed-precision fully-quantized methods have great potential to accelerate neural network training, but existing methods exhibit large accuracy loss for more complex models such as diffusion networks. This brief introduces a fully-quantized training accelerator for diffusion networks. It features a novel training framework with tensor-type- and noise-strength-aware precision scheduling to optimize bit-width allocation. The processing cluster design enables dynamical switching bit-width mappings for model weights, allows concurrent processing in 4 different bit-widths, and incorporates a gradient square sum collection unit to minimize on-chip memory access. Experimental results show up to 2.4 $times $ training speedup and 81% operation bit-width overhead reduction compared to existing designs, with minimal impact on image generation quality.
细粒度混合精度全量化方法在加速神经网络训练方面具有巨大潜力,但对于扩散网络等更复杂的模型,现有方法表现出较大的精度损失。本简介介绍了一种用于扩散网络的全量化训练加速器。它采用新颖的训练框架,具有张量类型和噪声强度感知精度调度功能,可优化位宽分配。处理集群设计实现了模型权重位宽映射的动态切换,允许在 4 种不同位宽下并发处理,并集成了梯度平方和收集单元,以最大限度地减少片上内存访问。实验结果表明,与现有设计相比,训练速度提高了 2.4 倍,操作位宽开销减少了 81%,而对图像生成质量的影响却微乎其微。
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引用次数: 0
A Tri-Mode Reconfigurable DC-DC Converter With Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting for Miniature IoT Batteries 用于微型物联网电池的具有光伏能量收集功能的三模可重构 DC-DC 转换器
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3437449
Junyoung Maeng;Inho Park;Jinwoo Jeon;Hyunjin Kim;Hoi Lee;Chulwoo Kim
This brief proposes a reconfigurable DC-DC converter for an energy-harvesting system with a tri-mode recharging method for miniature Internet of Things (IoT) batteries operating at various temperatures. The proposed system and IoT battery operate at temperatures as low as – $5~^{circ }$ C with an internal resistance $(R_{INT})$ of up to 1.9 k $Omega $ . The proposed recharging method utilizes a low-dropout regulator and DC-DC converter with a negative inductor current to rapidly recharge a storage capacitor $(C_{STOR})$ and isolate the IoT battery from the $C_{STOR}$ . With a 180 nm CMOS process, the charge of the $C_{STOR}$ can be restored rapidly with the aid of the IoT battery, which reduces the ratio of the activation time $(t_{mathrm {ACT}})$ to the recharging time $(t_{mathrm {RCHG}})$ to 0.27 at – $5~^{circ }$ C.
本论文提出了一种用于能量收集系统的可重构直流-直流转换器,该系统采用三模式充电方法,适用于在各种温度下工作的微型物联网(IoT)电池。所提出的系统和物联网电池可在低至 - $5~^{circ }$ C 的温度下工作,内阻 $(R_{INT})$ 高达 1.9 k $Omega $。 所提出的充电方法利用低压差稳压器和具有负感应电流的 DC-DC 转换器为存储电容器 $(C_{STOR})$ 快速充电,并将物联网电池与 $C_{STOR}$ 隔离。利用 180 nm CMOS 工艺,可以借助物联网电池快速恢复 C_{STOR}$ 的电荷,从而在 - $5~^{circ }$ C 时将激活时间 $(t_{mathrm {ACT}})$ 与充电时间 $(t_{mathrm {RCHG}})$ 的比值降至 0.27。
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引用次数: 0
Energy Efficient Compact Approximate Multiplier for Error-Resilient Applications 面向容错应用的高能效紧凑型近似乘法器
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3437235
Ayoub Sadeghi;Rami Rasheedi;Inna Partin-Vaisband;Debjit Pal
The primary goal of approximate computing is enhancing system performance, such as energy efficiency, speed, and form factor. Despite the growing use of approximate multipliers, the design of efficient approximate compressors — a fundamental multiplier block — remains a significant challenge. In this brief, 8-transistor and 14-transistor 4:2 compressors are proposed. Both compressors exploit CMOS technology and a constant and conditional approximation of selected inputs, exhibiting fewer negative errors. As a result, a resource-expensive error recovery module is eliminated, yielding superior performance as compared with prior art. The 14-transistor architecture yields a lower error rate compared to the 8-transistor architecture, trading off lower area for higher accuracy. The compressor-tailored circuit architecture is also proposed and evaluated using image multiplication. The proposed multiplier exhibits 50% area savings and 93% lower power-delay-product compared to the exact multiplier, as well as higher accuracy, and 38% PDP enhancement compared with the state-of-the-art.
近似计算的主要目标是提高系统性能,如能效、速度和外形尺寸。尽管近似乘法器的应用越来越广泛,但设计高效的近似压缩器--一个基本的乘法器模块--仍然是一项重大挑战。本文提出了 8 晶体管和 14 晶体管 4:2 压缩器。这两种压缩器都利用了 CMOS 技术和对所选输入的恒定和条件近似,显示出较少的负误差。因此,省去了耗费大量资源的误差恢复模块,与现有技术相比性能更优越。与 8 晶体管架构相比,14 晶体管架构的误差率更低,从而以更小的面积换取更高的精度。此外,还提出了压缩器定制电路架构,并利用图像乘法进行了评估。与精确乘法器相比,所提出的乘法器节省了 50%的面积,功率延迟积降低了 93%,同时精度更高,PDP 比最先进的乘法器提高了 38%。
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引用次数: 0
A Dynamic Impedance Matcher to Broaden Input Power and Load Ranges for High-Power Rectifier in Microwave Wireless Power Transmission 拓宽微波无线电力传输大功率整流器输入功率和负载范围的动态阻抗匹配器
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3436884
Shuang Pan;Weiguo Lu;Wei Song;Hui Xiao;Huaiqing Zhang
This brief presents a dynamic impedance matcher (DIM) for high-power rectifier in microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) to enhance microwave rectifier efficiency over wide ranges of input power and load. The DIM based on an isolated Sepic converter performs dynamic impedance matching with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT). One digital processor is used to control multiple DIMs simultaneously to reduce power consumption. The DIM is implemented by a microcontroller and analog circuits and applied to 2.45 GHz system-level verification. The experimental results show that the overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectifier with DIM can reach more than 60% for the input power of 30 - 37 dBm and the load of 10 - $4000~Omega $ , where the efficiency of the isolated DIM reaches 91.7%. The input power range above 60% PCE of the rectifier is at least 3 times of that under the situation without DIM and 10 times for the load range as well.
本文介绍了一种用于微波无线功率传输(MWPT)中大功率整流器的动态阻抗匹配器(DIM),以提高微波整流器在宽输入功率和负载范围内的效率。基于隔离式 Sepic 转换器的 DIM 通过最大功率点跟踪 (MPPT) 实现动态阻抗匹配。一个数字处理器可同时控制多个 DIM,以降低功耗。DIM 由微控制器和模拟电路实现,并应用于 2.45 GHz 系统级验证。实验结果表明,在输入功率为 30 - 37 dBm、负载为 10 - $4000~Omega $ 时,带 DIM 的整流器的整体功率转换效率(PCE)可达到 60% 以上,其中隔离式 DIM 的效率达到 91.7%。整流器 60% 以上 PCE 的输入功率范围至少是无 DIM 情况下的 3 倍,负载范围也是 10 倍。
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Information 电气和电子工程师学会电路与系统协会信息
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3427234
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems--II: Express Briefs Publication Information 电气和电子工程师学会电路与系统论文集--II:特快摘要》出版信息
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3427232
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引用次数: 0
Accelerating Consensus for Systems on Star and Bipartite Networks Using Multi-Tap Memory 利用多抽头内存加速星形和双向网络系统的共识
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3435066
Jiahao Dai;Jing-Wen Yi;Li Chai
Consensus, as one of the most fundamental tasks of multi-agent systems, can be accelerated by introducing the memory term into the control protocol. It has been demonstrated that on any given network, the one-tap node memory can accelerate the convergence rate, while the two-tap node memory cannot. Then, a problem arises: can the rate of consensus be further improved by adding more taps of memory? By using a novel method based on the Routh stability criterion, this brief shows that more taps of memory can further accelerate the convergence rate on special networks with star or bipartite structure. Specially, explicit formulas for the convergence rate and control parameters are derived to prove that three-tap and five-tap node memory can accelerate the convergence rate, but four-tap node memory cannot. In addition, it is found by extensive simulations that six-tap memory cannot accelerate the rate, but seven-tap memory can. Finally, a conjecture is proposed that the optimal convergence rate can be further improved when the memory taps progress from $2k$ to $2k+1$ , where $kin mathbb {N}$ .
共识是多代理系统最基本的任务之一,通过在控制协议中引入记忆项可以加快共识的达成。实践证明,在任何给定的网络中,单抽头节点内存都能加快收敛速度,而双抽头节点内存则不能。那么,问题来了:增加更多抽头内存能否进一步提高共识率?通过使用一种基于 Routh 稳定性准则的新方法,本研究表明,在星形或双栅格结构的特殊网络中,增加更多的分接头内存可以进一步加快收敛速度。特别是,本文导出了收敛速率和控制参数的明确公式,证明三抽头和五抽头节点记忆可以加快收敛速率,但四抽头节点记忆则不能。此外,通过大量仿真发现,六抽头内存不能加快收敛速度,但七抽头内存可以。最后,我们提出了一个猜想,即当内存抽头从 2k$ 增加到 2k+1$ 时,最优收敛速率可以进一步提高,其中 $kin mathbb {N}$ 。
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引用次数: 0
AttnACQ: Attentioned-AutoCorrelation-Based Query for Hyperdimensional Associative Memory AttnACQ:基于自动相关性的超维关联记忆查询
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3434562
Tianyang Yu;Bi Wu;Ke Chen;Gong Zhang;Weiqiang Liu
The low power and latency of hyperdimensional associative memory (HAM) promotes hyperdimensional computing (HDC)’s efficiency. However, overheads of HAM can be hardly further reduced, since HAM needs to store all class hypervectors, and complete the similarity calculation between them and the input sample hypervector. To address this issue, an attentioned-autocorrelation based query method called AttnACQ is proposed to avoid the storage and operations corresponding to class hypervectors. Furthermore, levearging SOT-MRAM’s ultra-low read/write delay, a high-efficient HAM matching to AttnACQ is proposed. Experiments show that this AttnACQ boosted HAM saves more than 95% area and 50% latency.
超维关联内存(HAM)的低功耗和低延迟提高了超维计算(HDC)的效率。然而,由于 HAM 需要存储所有类超向量,并完成它们与输入样本超向量之间的相似性计算,因此很难进一步降低 HAM 的开销。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种名为 AttnACQ 的基于关注-自相关的查询方法,以避免类超向量的存储和操作。此外,利用 SOT-MRAM 的超低读写延迟,提出了一种与 AttnACQ 匹配的高效 HAM。实验表明,这种 AttnACQ 增强型 HAM 可节省 95% 以上的面积和 50% 的延迟。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Cubic Boost Converter With Continuous Source Current for PV Applications 用于光伏应用的新型连续源电流立方升压转换器
IF 4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2024.3434985
Birru Srinivas;Raghavendra Rao P;H. Nagendrappa;B. Venkatesaperumal
A converter with high voltage gain is generally necessary for interfacing the photovoltaic (PV) systems with grid. However, more semiconductor components are needed to obtain a higher voltage gain, which results in increased losses. This brief proposes a novel non-isolated cubic boost (NNICB) DC-DC converter for high-voltage PV applications with a wide voltage gain at a lower duty ratio. Compared to traditional high-gain DC-DC converter, the NNICB converter counters the drawbacks of increased component count and high voltage stress. The NNICB DC-DC converter has a continuous source current for PV applications with low-voltage stress across the diodes and switches. A detailed steady-state analysis of the NNICB topology is carried out for the ideal and non-ideal models, and their corresponding voltage gain equations are computed. Furthermore, the analysis is performed using MATLAB/Simulink and is validated using a 230 W laboratory prototype. The experimental results show that the efficiency of the proposed NNICB topology is 94.42% with a voltage gain of 10.5 at 45% duty ratio. This proves the superior performance of the proposed novel converter in comparison with the existing topologies.
光伏(PV)系统与电网连接通常需要具有高电压增益的转换器。然而,要获得更高的电压增益,需要更多的半导体元件,从而导致损耗增加。本简介为高压光伏应用提出了一种新型非隔离立方升压(NNICB)直流-直流转换器,它能以较低的占空比获得较宽的电压增益。与传统的高增益直流-直流转换器相比,NNICB 转换器克服了元件数量增加和电压应力大的缺点。NNICB DC-DC 转换器具有持续源电流,适用于光伏应用,二极管和开关上的电压应力较低。针对理想和非理想模型,对 NNICB 拓扑进行了详细的稳态分析,并计算了相应的电压增益方程。此外,分析使用 MATLAB/Simulink 进行,并通过 230 W 的实验室原型进行了验证。实验结果表明,在占空比为 45% 时,拟议 NNICB 拓扑的效率为 94.42%,电压增益为 10.5。这证明,与现有拓扑结构相比,所提出的新型转换器具有更优越的性能。
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引用次数: 0
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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs
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