Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.14.0774
Raviprakash. C. Patel, Vishal Dhimmar, Shakil A. Kagzi, M. Patel
Additive manufacturing is gaining popularity nowadays due to its applications in the automotive, medical, aerospace industries, and sports to manufacture complex parts. Fused deposition modelling is an additive manufacturing process utilised widely due to its lower cost, fast prototyping and faster production time. The present study focuses on applying FDM to the composite material filament and the impact of parameters of FDM on the part quality. A composite filament material was prepared to combine PLA (Poly-lactic Acid) and banana fibre. Specimens were prepared using this composite filament by varying various parameters such as layer thickness, infiltration and build orientation. Flexural and tensile tests were performed as per standards. It was found that the material properties considered are significantly affected by percentage infill and build orientation. The ‘on edge’ build orientation provides better material properties as compared to the other two orientations. The tensile strength is observed to be 73% and 77% more in flat orientation and ‘on edge’ orientation, respectively, as compared to upright orientation. Also, the flat orientation and ‘on edge’ orientation respectively showed 60% and 70% more flexural strength than the upright orientation.
{"title":"Investigation of Fused Deposition Modelling Process Parameters in 3D Printing for Composite Material (Poly Lactic Acid and Banana Fibre)","authors":"Raviprakash. C. Patel, Vishal Dhimmar, Shakil A. Kagzi, M. Patel","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.14.0774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.14.0774","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing is gaining popularity nowadays due to its applications in the automotive, medical, aerospace industries, and sports to manufacture complex parts. Fused deposition modelling is an additive manufacturing process utilised widely due to its lower cost, fast prototyping and faster production time. The present study focuses on applying FDM to the composite material filament and the impact of parameters of FDM on the part quality. A composite filament material was prepared to combine PLA (Poly-lactic Acid) and banana fibre. Specimens were prepared using this composite filament by varying various parameters such as layer thickness, infiltration and build orientation. Flexural and tensile tests were performed as per standards. It was found that the material properties considered are significantly affected by percentage infill and build orientation. The ‘on edge’ build orientation provides better material properties as compared to the other two orientations. The tensile strength is observed to be 73% and 77% more in flat orientation and ‘on edge’ orientation, respectively, as compared to upright orientation. Also, the flat orientation and ‘on edge’ orientation respectively showed 60% and 70% more flexural strength than the upright orientation.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"222 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86185300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-28DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.13.0773
Tanuj Joshi, Ravikant Sharma, V. Mittal, Vikas Gupta, G. Krishan
In the present work, a finite element model with standard Charnley’s implant of hip joint is considered for investigation under different patient-specific dynamic activities obtained in vivo. The application of forces occurred due to human movement, which ultimately generates dynamic stress over the prosthesis. Anatomical loading constraints are more clinically relevant than ISO standards. The performance of different materials for each suitable gait pattern is analyzed using commercial finite element code. A liner isotropic material Ti-6Al-4V and PMMA material is utilized for an implant and bone cement, respectively. However, cortical and cancellous bone are treated as non-isotropic in nature. Clinically obtained dynamic forces and torque are being used for the present investigation. Additionally, Goodman, Solderberg, Gerber and ASME elliptic fatigue theories were considered to obtain the fatigue life of the implant. The most strenuous activity in terms of stress and strain are, going downstairs followed by going upstairs, walking, standing up and sitting down, which have been found in good agreement with the safety factor for every activity. Additionally, the life expectancy of the implant was a minimum of 23 years under every dynamic motion. The present work exhibits the greater relevance in terms of the life expectancy of implant for the pre-surgical analysis before implanted in vivo.
{"title":"Dynamic Fatigue Behavior of Hip Joint under Patient Specific Loadings","authors":"Tanuj Joshi, Ravikant Sharma, V. Mittal, Vikas Gupta, G. Krishan","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.13.0773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.13.0773","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, a finite element model with standard Charnley’s implant of hip joint is considered for investigation under different patient-specific dynamic activities obtained in vivo. The application of forces occurred due to human movement, which ultimately generates dynamic stress over the prosthesis. Anatomical loading constraints are more clinically relevant than ISO standards. The performance of different materials for each suitable gait pattern is analyzed using commercial finite element code. A liner isotropic material Ti-6Al-4V and PMMA material is utilized for an implant and bone cement, respectively. However, cortical and cancellous bone are treated as non-isotropic in nature. Clinically obtained dynamic forces and torque are being used for the present investigation. Additionally, Goodman, Solderberg, Gerber and ASME elliptic fatigue theories were considered to obtain the fatigue life of the implant. The most strenuous activity in terms of stress and strain are, going downstairs followed by going upstairs, walking, standing up and sitting down, which have been found in good agreement with the safety factor for every activity. Additionally, the life expectancy of the implant was a minimum of 23 years under every dynamic motion. The present work exhibits the greater relevance in terms of the life expectancy of implant for the pre-surgical analysis before implanted in vivo.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91346114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.06.0766
Muhammad Yusri Ismail, M.S. Beg, M.F. Jamlos, W.H. Azmi, N.H. Badrulhisam, Omar I. Awad
With yearly output exceeding 70 million units, the automotive industry is one of the world's largest manufacturing industries. According to worldwide estimates, the car industry's global revenue was an astounding 3 trillion dollars equating to a combined global GDP of 3.65 percent. The emergence of IoT in the automobile sector has created new opportunities for automakers and purchasers worldwide. With industrial and commercial applications, IoT in the automobile industry has developed into a significant hotspot for a variety of multipurpose applications. From linked automobiles to automated transportation systems, Internet of Things applications have had a significant impact on the worldwide automotive business. The Internet of Things, along with other disruptive technologies, is reshaping the automobile sector as a whole. The evolution of this sector has resulted in the birth of ground-breaking advancements in automobiles, namely linked and autonomous vehicles. Different types of internet of things technology have significant qualities that make them viable candidates as a technology for use in automotive industry. This paper focuses on internet of things latest findings done by previous researcher and describes the operation of the technology. Moreover, this paper also provides insights into some countermeasures against internet of things.
{"title":"Potential and Limitation of Internet of Things (IOT) Application in the Automotive Industry: An Overview","authors":"Muhammad Yusri Ismail, M.S. Beg, M.F. Jamlos, W.H. Azmi, N.H. Badrulhisam, Omar I. Awad","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.06.0766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.06.0766","url":null,"abstract":"With yearly output exceeding 70 million units, the automotive industry is one of the world's largest manufacturing industries. According to worldwide estimates, the car industry's global revenue was an astounding 3 trillion dollars equating to a combined global GDP of 3.65 percent. The emergence of IoT in the automobile sector has created new opportunities for automakers and purchasers worldwide. With industrial and commercial applications, IoT in the automobile industry has developed into a significant hotspot for a variety of multipurpose applications. From linked automobiles to automated transportation systems, Internet of Things applications have had a significant impact on the worldwide automotive business. The Internet of Things, along with other disruptive technologies, is reshaping the automobile sector as a whole. The evolution of this sector has resulted in the birth of ground-breaking advancements in automobiles, namely linked and autonomous vehicles. Different types of internet of things technology have significant qualities that make them viable candidates as a technology for use in automotive industry. This paper focuses on internet of things latest findings done by previous researcher and describes the operation of the technology. Moreover, this paper also provides insights into some countermeasures against internet of things.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82347503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.12.0772
A. Zulkifli, M. H. Peeie, M. A. Zakaria, M. I. Ishak, M.A. Shahrom, B. Kujunni
Accidents between vehicles and pedestrians usually occur when a pedestrian is crossing the road. An Autonomous Emergency Braking Pedestrian (AEB-P) is introduced to prevent collisions between vehicles and pedestrians. However, the performance of an AEB-P will be reduced when the brake pad is worn out on a dry road. In this study, the motion planning, namely Vehicle Conditional Artificial Potential Field (VC-APF), including a warning signal and emergency brake phase that generate the vehicle’s deceleration, is proposed to analyze the effect of brake pad on the AEB-P performance. Then, the vehicle’s deceleration is tracked by the tracking trajectory, where the PI controller is adapted to provide the optimum braking force. The function of PI control is to ensure the vehicle’s deceleration is approaching the desired deceleration. The performance of the proposed method has been simulated on the dry road surface with different brake pad coefficients; 0.4, 0.35, and 0.24. The simulation results show that the vehicle manages to stop colliding with a pedestrian on the dry road surface at the minimum safety distance range of 2.7-2.9 meters.
{"title":"Motion Planning and Tracking Trajectory of an Autonomous Emergency Braking Pedestrian (AEB-P) System Based on Different Brake Pad Friction Coefficients on Dry Road Surface","authors":"A. Zulkifli, M. H. Peeie, M. A. Zakaria, M. I. Ishak, M.A. Shahrom, B. Kujunni","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.12.0772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.12.0772","url":null,"abstract":"Accidents between vehicles and pedestrians usually occur when a pedestrian is crossing the road. An Autonomous Emergency Braking Pedestrian (AEB-P) is introduced to prevent collisions between vehicles and pedestrians. However, the performance of an AEB-P will be reduced when the brake pad is worn out on a dry road. In this study, the motion planning, namely Vehicle Conditional Artificial Potential Field (VC-APF), including a warning signal and emergency brake phase that generate the vehicle’s deceleration, is proposed to analyze the effect of brake pad on the AEB-P performance. Then, the vehicle’s deceleration is tracked by the tracking trajectory, where the PI controller is adapted to provide the optimum braking force. The function of PI control is to ensure the vehicle’s deceleration is approaching the desired deceleration. The performance of the proposed method has been simulated on the dry road surface with different brake pad coefficients; 0.4, 0.35, and 0.24. The simulation results show that the vehicle manages to stop colliding with a pedestrian on the dry road surface at the minimum safety distance range of 2.7-2.9 meters.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"302 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79680509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-07DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.09.0769
Mohd Azri Abd Mutalib, Norsinnira Zainul Azlan
This paper presents the development, calibration and mechanism control of lab scale Motorised Adjustable Vertical Platform (MAVeP) mobility prototype. MAVeP has been developed and equipped with mecanum wheels to allow an omnidirectional movement. The omnidirectionality, or the ability to move in any direction, without altering the direction of the MAVeP’s body, makes this type of driving useful, especially in narrow and confined areas such as inside satellite assembly, integration and test centre (AITC). Since MAVeP has been delivered at AITC and high accuracy and repeatability movement are crucial during the application, a robot prototype representing MAVeP mobility has been designed and developed. The mechanical and electrical design, including all processes and components, are selected and explained in detail. The development of the robot prototype, its parameters and calibration are also discussed. The DC motor control for separate wheels of the MAVeP mobility prototype using PID controller and the calibrations to synchronous the four wheels’ rotation are also discussed in this paper. The experimental result shows that the robot prototype is established and ready to be used in research.
{"title":"Development of Lab Scale MAVeP Mobility Prototype","authors":"Mohd Azri Abd Mutalib, Norsinnira Zainul Azlan","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.09.0769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.09.0769","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development, calibration and mechanism control of lab scale Motorised Adjustable Vertical Platform (MAVeP) mobility prototype. MAVeP has been developed and equipped with mecanum wheels to allow an omnidirectional movement. The omnidirectionality, or the ability to move in any direction, without altering the direction of the MAVeP’s body, makes this type of driving useful, especially in narrow and confined areas such as inside satellite assembly, integration and test centre (AITC). Since MAVeP has been delivered at AITC and high accuracy and repeatability movement are crucial during the application, a robot prototype representing MAVeP mobility has been designed and developed. The mechanical and electrical design, including all processes and components, are selected and explained in detail. The development of the robot prototype, its parameters and calibration are also discussed. The DC motor control for separate wheels of the MAVeP mobility prototype using PID controller and the calibrations to synchronous the four wheels’ rotation are also discussed in this paper. The experimental result shows that the robot prototype is established and ready to be used in research.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78236238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.11.0771
D. Vashist, M. Bindra
In compliance with the stringent BS-VI emission norms, control of particulate matter in diesel engine exhaust emission is currently achieved through diesel particulate filters, catalytic convertors, and baffle filters of various designs. In the present study a device comprised of a spiral duct with an increasing cross-sectional area over the length is designed and developed. The duct has a lining of heat-resistant and porous material fixed along the inside walls. The inlet of the devices is connected to the outlet of the tailpipe of the exhaust system. The device will collect the particulate matter in the heat-resistant porous lining along the walls of the spiral. The developed device is simple, economical and easily serviceable. The developed spiral duct particulate matter separator was tested on diesel vehicles, and the smoke density of tailpipe emission was measured in terms of the light absorption coefficient. During the analysis it was found that there is a reduction in light absorption coefficient by 25.37%. The developed design also overcomes the clogging problem of the exhaust system, which is a cause of backpressure in the case of conventional particulate filters. The design of the device is such that it can be easily retrofitted in the existing fleet of vehicles, making them compliant with stringent statuary emission norms.
{"title":"Development of a Novel Spiral Duct Particulate Matter Separator for Internal Combustion Engines","authors":"D. Vashist, M. Bindra","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.11.0771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.11.0771","url":null,"abstract":"In compliance with the stringent BS-VI emission norms, control of particulate matter in diesel engine exhaust emission is currently achieved through diesel particulate filters, catalytic convertors, and baffle filters of various designs. In the present study a device comprised of a spiral duct with an increasing cross-sectional area over the length is designed and developed. The duct has a lining of heat-resistant and porous material fixed along the inside walls. The inlet of the devices is connected to the outlet of the tailpipe of the exhaust system. The device will collect the particulate matter in the heat-resistant porous lining along the walls of the spiral. The developed device is simple, economical and easily serviceable. The developed spiral duct particulate matter separator was tested on diesel vehicles, and the smoke density of tailpipe emission was measured in terms of the light absorption coefficient. During the analysis it was found that there is a reduction in light absorption coefficient by 25.37%. The developed design also overcomes the clogging problem of the exhaust system, which is a cause of backpressure in the case of conventional particulate filters. The design of the device is such that it can be easily retrofitted in the existing fleet of vehicles, making them compliant with stringent statuary emission norms.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91268784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.10.0770
Md. Ashraful Islam, M.A. Hasib, M. Hasan, S. Talapatra
Closed-cell cellular materials gained tremendous interest in their application in aerospace, shipbuilding and defence industries due to their exceptional impact energy absorption and lightweight characteristics. To assess the suitability of these materials in practical utilisation, a proper characterisation in dynamic loading is necessary. This paper investigates closed-cell aluminium foam's deformation behaviour due to low-velocity projectile impact in experimentation and finite element analysis. The collapse mechanism was numerically and empirically examined. The experiment and the finite element analysis were found to be in good agreement. The low-velocity projectile impact tests were conducted using an instrumented drop-tower with several projectile tips with an impact energy of 105 J. Finite Element modelling using ABAQUS explicit was undertaken. The results reveal that FE modelling of true foam properties using solid geometry has a good correlation with experimental results. In this study, four impactors/indenters (flat-faced, hemispheric, conical, and truncated-conical) were used. A detailed structural collapse during the low-velocity dynamic impact has been explored with XCT data and finite element tools.
{"title":"Deformation Behaviour and Mechanical Response of Closed-cell Cellular Materials under Projectile Impact Using Various Shapes Impactors","authors":"Md. Ashraful Islam, M.A. Hasib, M. Hasan, S. Talapatra","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.10.0770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.10.0770","url":null,"abstract":"Closed-cell cellular materials gained tremendous interest in their application in aerospace, shipbuilding and defence industries due to their exceptional impact energy absorption and lightweight characteristics. To assess the suitability of these materials in practical utilisation, a proper characterisation in dynamic loading is necessary. This paper investigates closed-cell aluminium foam's deformation behaviour due to low-velocity projectile impact in experimentation and finite element analysis. The collapse mechanism was numerically and empirically examined. The experiment and the finite element analysis were found to be in good agreement. The low-velocity projectile impact tests were conducted using an instrumented drop-tower with several projectile tips with an impact energy of 105 J. Finite Element modelling using ABAQUS explicit was undertaken. The results reveal that FE modelling of true foam properties using solid geometry has a good correlation with experimental results. In this study, four impactors/indenters (flat-faced, hemispheric, conical, and truncated-conical) were used. A detailed structural collapse during the low-velocity dynamic impact has been explored with XCT data and finite element tools.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"31 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82853584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.08.0768
M. Azam, R.N.A.R. Seman, M.A. Mohamed, M.H. Ani
One of the major elements in determining the supercapacitor performance is the development of a nano-layered structure through facilitating the surface-dependent electrochemical reaction processes. Carbon-based nanomaterials especially graphene, has attracted tremendous interest in electrical charge and power sources including supercapacitor because of their exceptional properties, which include high conductivity and large specific surface area. In this paper, the effect of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder ratio (1, 5, 10, and 15 wt. %) on the electrochemical performance of graphene supercapacitor are evaluated. In addition, the facile and scalable preparation of graphene electrodes by using low-cost slurry technique is proposed. From the conducted experimental works, it was found that the fabricated graphene electrodes exhibit superior electrochemical properties for supercapacitor applications with a specific gravimetric capacitance of up to 373 F g−1. Moreover, the graphene electrode presented excellent cyclic stability with 99 % specific capacitance retention after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles hence promising for long‐lasting supercapacitors. The outcomes from the deliberated study serve as the basis of knowledge in the development of a cost-effective graphene-based materials production for energy storage devices.
决定超级电容器性能的主要因素之一是通过促进表面依赖的电化学反应过程来发展纳米层状结构。碳基纳米材料，特别是石墨烯，由于其优异的性能，包括高导电性和大比表面积，在包括超级电容器在内的电荷和电源领域引起了极大的兴趣。本文研究了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粘结剂配比(1、5、10和15 wt. %)对石墨烯超级电容器电化学性能的影响。此外，还提出了采用低成本浆料技术制备石墨烯电极的简便、可扩展方法。从所进行的实验工作中发现，制备的石墨烯电极在超级电容器应用中表现出优异的电化学性能，其比重量电容高达373 F g−1。此外，石墨烯电极具有优异的循环稳定性，在10,000次充放电循环后具有99%的比电容保持率，因此有望成为长效超级电容器。经过深思熟虑的研究结果为开发具有成本效益的石墨烯基材料生产储能装置提供了知识基础。
{"title":"Effect of Polytetrafluoroethylene Binder Content on Gravimetric Capacitance and Life Cycle Stability of Graphene Supercapacitor","authors":"M. Azam, R.N.A.R. Seman, M.A. Mohamed, M.H. Ani","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.08.0768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.08.0768","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major elements in determining the supercapacitor performance is the development of a nano-layered structure through facilitating the surface-dependent electrochemical reaction processes. Carbon-based nanomaterials especially graphene, has attracted tremendous interest in electrical charge and power sources including supercapacitor because of their exceptional properties, which include high conductivity and large specific surface area. In this paper, the effect of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder ratio (1, 5, 10, and 15 wt. %) on the electrochemical performance of graphene supercapacitor are evaluated. In addition, the facile and scalable preparation of graphene electrodes by using low-cost slurry technique is proposed. From the conducted experimental works, it was found that the fabricated graphene electrodes exhibit superior electrochemical properties for supercapacitor applications with a specific gravimetric capacitance of up to 373 F g−1. Moreover, the graphene electrode presented excellent cyclic stability with 99 % specific capacitance retention after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles hence promising for long‐lasting supercapacitors. The outcomes from the deliberated study serve as the basis of knowledge in the development of a cost-effective graphene-based materials production for energy storage devices.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"31 16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82614964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.07.0767
Virinchi Krishna Lagisetti, P. A., Chamaiporn Sukjamsri, V. P
Aluminium-based hybrid metal matrix nanocomposites (AA-HMNCs) have numerous applications due to their higher strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical and tribological properties. However, the machinability aspect of these materials must be carefully explored before employing them in various engineering applications. The present study involves the fabrication of AA6061/2 wt.% SiC/x wt.% graphite (x= 1, 2, 3) hybrid nanocomposites and subsequently subjecting them to machinability investigation. All the hybrid nanocomposite samples are fabricated through ultrasonic assisted stir casting technique. The effect of machining parameters and graphite content of the sample on cutting force and surface roughness is discussed based on experimental data. Experiments are performed based on the central composite design of response surface methodology, and the corresponding output responses are recorded. ANOVA analysis revealed that the graphite content has the highest authority over surface roughness and cutting force. High cutting speeds accompanied by low feed and depth of cut have resulted in reduced cutting forces and better surface finish. Chip morphology studies have also subsequently indicated better machinability with increased graphite content.
{"title":"Machinability Study on AA6061/2 SiC / Graphite Hybrid Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonic Assisted Stir Casting","authors":"Virinchi Krishna Lagisetti, P. A., Chamaiporn Sukjamsri, V. P","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.07.0767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.07.0767","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminium-based hybrid metal matrix nanocomposites (AA-HMNCs) have numerous applications due to their higher strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical and tribological properties. However, the machinability aspect of these materials must be carefully explored before employing them in various engineering applications. The present study involves the fabrication of AA6061/2 wt.% SiC/x wt.% graphite (x= 1, 2, 3) hybrid nanocomposites and subsequently subjecting them to machinability investigation. All the hybrid nanocomposite samples are fabricated through ultrasonic assisted stir casting technique. The effect of machining parameters and graphite content of the sample on cutting force and surface roughness is discussed based on experimental data. Experiments are performed based on the central composite design of response surface methodology, and the corresponding output responses are recorded. ANOVA analysis revealed that the graphite content has the highest authority over surface roughness and cutting force. High cutting speeds accompanied by low feed and depth of cut have resulted in reduced cutting forces and better surface finish. Chip morphology studies have also subsequently indicated better machinability with increased graphite content.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82837627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper highlights the effect of graphite on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of magnetorheological grease (MRG). Two types of MRG namely MRG and graphite-MRG, GMRG with 0 wt.% and 10 wt. % of graphite respectively was synthesized by using a mechanical stirrer. The rheological properties of both sample at various magnetic field strength from 0 to 0.603 T was analyzed via rheometer under oscillatory mode with strain ranging from 0.001 to 1% with fixed frequency at 1 Hz for strain sweep and frequency ranging from 0.1 to 80 Hz at a constant strain of 0.01 % for frequency sweep. Based on the result obtained, the value of storage and loss modulus are dependent on the graphite content. A high value of storage modulus was achieved in the GMRG sample at all applied magnetic field strengths within all frequency ranges. These phenomena related to the contribution of graphite to forming the chain structure with CIPs and offered a more stable and stronger structure as compared with MRG. Moreover, the reduction in the value of loss modulus in GMRG was noticed compared to MRG at on-state conditions reflected by the stable structure obtained by GMRG. Lastly, both samples displayed a strong solid-like (elastic) behavior due to the high value of storage modulus, G’ acquired compared to loss modulus, G’’ at all frequency ranges. Therefore, the utilization of graphite in MRG can be used in wide applications such as brake and seismic dampers.
{"title":"Field-Dependent Viscoelastic Properties of Graphite-based Magnetorheological Grease","authors":"N.A.M. Nasir, Nurhazimah, N. Mohamad, S.A. Mazlan, N.A. Nordin, E.F. Shair, M.A.A. Rahman","doi":"10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.04.0764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.19.3.2022.04.0764","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights the effect of graphite on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of magnetorheological grease (MRG). Two types of MRG namely MRG and graphite-MRG, GMRG with 0 wt.% and 10 wt. % of graphite respectively was synthesized by using a mechanical stirrer. The rheological properties of both sample at various magnetic field strength from 0 to 0.603 T was analyzed via rheometer under oscillatory mode with strain ranging from 0.001 to 1% with fixed frequency at 1 Hz for strain sweep and frequency ranging from 0.1 to 80 Hz at a constant strain of 0.01 % for frequency sweep. Based on the result obtained, the value of storage and loss modulus are dependent on the graphite content. A high value of storage modulus was achieved in the GMRG sample at all applied magnetic field strengths within all frequency ranges. These phenomena related to the contribution of graphite to forming the chain structure with CIPs and offered a more stable and stronger structure as compared with MRG. Moreover, the reduction in the value of loss modulus in GMRG was noticed compared to MRG at on-state conditions reflected by the stable structure obtained by GMRG. Lastly, both samples displayed a strong solid-like (elastic) behavior due to the high value of storage modulus, G’ acquired compared to loss modulus, G’’ at all frequency ranges. Therefore, the utilization of graphite in MRG can be used in wide applications such as brake and seismic dampers.","PeriodicalId":13935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83386459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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