Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.128
P. Somasundaram, P. Shanmugasundaram
The covid19 virus was found in the hubei province of china and it had now spread to more than 200 countries, The emergence of mutant strains mainly UK variant B 1 1 7, south African variant B 1 351 and the Brazilian variant P 1 have become a major threat,since they have a high virulence and it is not affected by the neutralizing antibodies produced by some vaccines,Furthur covid hurricane had also become a new threat Mutations mainly occur in the Spike protein especially in the S1 subunit,(1) The mutational changes or amino acid changes mainly occur in the region from D to G The are several vaccines which are showing efficacy during their clinical trial against these mutant strains (M rna 1273, BNT-162b2 and the covishield) The is a big expectation regarding the discovery, production and effectiveness of Vaccine With ten vaccines already reaching people there are twenty more vaccines waiting for the approval and there are many more which are under investigations All these vaccines are broadly under four types Inactivated or Attenuated Vaccine, Protein based vaccine, Viral vector vaccine, RNA and DNA vaccines This article is aimed to describe about the mutant strains of covid19, types of vaccine and effectiveness of vaccine against the mutant strains (2)
{"title":"Mutant Strains Of Covid-19 And Current Status Of Vaccines – A Systematic Review","authors":"P. Somasundaram, P. Shanmugasundaram","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.128","url":null,"abstract":"The covid19 virus was found in the hubei province of china and it had now spread to more than 200 countries, The emergence of mutant strains mainly UK variant B 1 1 7, south African variant B 1 351 and the Brazilian variant P 1 have become a major threat,since they have a high virulence and it is not affected by the neutralizing antibodies produced by some vaccines,Furthur covid hurricane had also become a new threat Mutations mainly occur in the Spike protein especially in the S1 subunit,(1) The mutational changes or amino acid changes mainly occur in the region from D to G The are several vaccines which are showing efficacy during their clinical trial against these mutant strains (M rna 1273, BNT-162b2 and the covishield) The is a big expectation regarding the discovery, production and effectiveness of Vaccine With ten vaccines already reaching people there are twenty more vaccines waiting for the approval and there are many more which are under investigations All these vaccines are broadly under four types Inactivated or Attenuated Vaccine, Protein based vaccine, Viral vector vaccine, RNA and DNA vaccines This article is aimed to describe about the mutant strains of covid19, types of vaccine and effectiveness of vaccine against the mutant strains (2)","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86340507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.738
{"title":"Overview of Hazardous Environmental Contaminant Pcbs In Human Cancer: Potential Contributions of Carcinogenesis","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87444844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.771
{"title":"Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Play Therapy on Executive Functions, Behavior Control and Emotion Management in Students with Special Disorder in Learning Mathematics","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"114 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91551775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.762
{"title":"The Comparison of Social Anxiety, Resilience and Self-efficacy of Parents with Autistic Children and Parents with Normal Children","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81267768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.806
{"title":"Intercropping cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) under foliar application of iron and zinc nano chelated","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.806","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78502104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.802
{"title":"The effects of foliar application of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and weed control on weed infestation and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75743129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.766
{"title":"The effect of multiple intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the human corneal endothelial cells","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83202238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.741
{"title":"Relationship Between the Grade of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Based on Texas Classification with The Severity of Complications and Hba1c Levels in Patients Referred to Besat Hospital During 2017-2021","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74009214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.736
{"title":"Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic in Groundwater from Tin Mining Area in Southern Thailand","authors":"","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.736","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74063926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-02DOI: 10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.178
A. Sarath, Joseph K. David, K. Krishnaveni, R. S. Kumar
Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been designated a worldwide public health emergency, impacting individuals all over the world. Objectives The goal of this study was to evaluate health care workers Awareness, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) regarding the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-2019) pandemic in Kerala. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among health care workers (n=388) in Kerala over 6 months. The questionnaire was divided into 5 parts, part 1demographic information, and next 3 parts evaluated knowledge (10 questions), attitude, (10 questions) and practice (9 questions). Part 5 obtained access to health care workers' mental well-being. The data was subjected to Chi-square analysis and Pearson’s correlation;95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated and p<0.05 was recognised statistically significant. Results A total of 388 HCWs (response rate: 88.78 %) completed the survey out of 437 participants;72 % (n=1279) were female, 40.46 % (n=157) were aged 31-40 years, and most were nurses (n=258, 66.49 %). A large percentage of HCWs had strong Knowledge, positive Attitude and good Practice towards COVID-19. Participants Demographics were not correlated with knowledge attitude and practice level towards Covid-19 but Pearson analysis indicated that there is a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (p=0.016). Conclusions. The HCW’s of Kerala have excellent Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards COVID-19. It is suggest that government and Health Care department should conduct regular seminars and practice sessions regarding COVID-19 which would empower the HCW’s against COVID-19.
{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice (KAP) Towards Covid-19: How Well the Health Care Workers are into Covid-19 in Kerala","authors":"A. Sarath, Joseph K. David, K. Krishnaveni, R. S. Kumar","doi":"10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.178","url":null,"abstract":"Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been designated a worldwide public health emergency, impacting individuals all over the world. Objectives The goal of this study was to evaluate health care workers Awareness, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) regarding the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-2019) pandemic in Kerala. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among health care workers (n=388) in Kerala over 6 months. The questionnaire was divided into 5 parts, part 1demographic information, and next 3 parts evaluated knowledge (10 questions), attitude, (10 questions) and practice (9 questions). Part 5 obtained access to health care workers' mental well-being. The data was subjected to Chi-square analysis and Pearson’s correlation;95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated and p<0.05 was recognised statistically significant. Results A total of 388 HCWs (response rate: 88.78 %) completed the survey out of 437 participants;72 % (n=1279) were female, 40.46 % (n=157) were aged 31-40 years, and most were nurses (n=258, 66.49 %). A large percentage of HCWs had strong Knowledge, positive Attitude and good Practice towards COVID-19. Participants Demographics were not correlated with knowledge attitude and practice level towards Covid-19 but Pearson analysis indicated that there is a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (p=0.016). Conclusions. The HCW’s of Kerala have excellent Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards COVID-19. It is suggest that government and Health Care department should conduct regular seminars and practice sessions regarding COVID-19 which would empower the HCW’s against COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":14220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75660502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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